An automatic drilling device for glacial shallow ice core suitable for intelligent robot carrying

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated drilling device for shallow glacial ice cores, suitable for use with intelligent robots. The device includes a positioning support cylinder containing a drill rod. The top of the drill rod is connected to a power supply device via a drive shaft. The power supply device is equipped with an electrical power supply unit. Driven by the power supply device, the drill rod rotates relative to the positioning support cylinder, extending downwards or retracting upwards. A cutting blade is installed at the bottom of the drill rod, and a reversing automatic ice clamp and a lifting automatic ice clamp are rotatably and elastically mounted at the lower part of the drill rod. The reversing automatic ice clamp is used to automatically rotate into the drill rod to cut into the ice and separate the ice from the glacier surface. The lifting automatic ice clamp is used to automatically rotate downwards into the drill rod to press down on any uncut ice during the reversing automatic ice clamp's cutting into the ice and the intelligent robot's lifting device, thus assisting in cutting the ice. It also supports the ice after the drill rod stops rotating and the reversing automatic ice clamp resets. This invention enables automated and efficient drilling of shallow glacial ice cores in extreme environments that are difficult for humans to access.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, suitable for use on flying or ground-based intelligent robots, and belongs to the field of automatic ice core drilling technology. Background Technology

[0002] Ice core climate and environmental records are an important direction in glaciology. Ice cores not only record changes in various past climate and environmental parameters (such as temperature, precipitation, atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric circulation), but also changes in various driving factors influencing climate and environmental change (such as solar activity, volcanic activity, and greenhouse gas levels). Simultaneously, ice cores also record the impact of human activities on the climate and environment. The publication of 100,000-year climate records from Greenland's Century Ice Cap ice cores in the 20th century made ice core climate and environmental records one of the main subjects in the study of past climate and environmental change. Over the past 30 years, with the restoration and in-depth study of paleoclimate records from ice cores in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, and the gradual expansion of high-resolution ice core climate and environmental records in mid- and low-latitude regions (mainly concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau), ice core research has made significant contributions to the study of global climate change. Furthermore, with the improvement of ice core analysis techniques and the deepening of research, the degree of intersection between global ice core climate and environmental records research and other disciplines is increasing, especially with meteorology, climatology, atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry, biology, oceanography, and astronomy. In particular, by obtaining shallow ice and snow samples from the glacier surface, it is possible to combine them with data from modern observation instruments to refine and reveal the mechanisms of modern climate and environmental changes at regional and even global scales, thus providing assistance for the adaptation of modern human living environments.

[0003] Previously, all ice core drilling in the Arctic, Antarctic, and Tibetan Plateau regions was conducted manually using ice core drilling equipment. This method offers advantages such as deep drilling, variable length and mass of individual ice core samples, and a safe and controllable drilling process. Furthermore, after obtaining the ice core, its physical properties can be described on-site immediately, providing firsthand observational data. However, ice core drilling in these regions also faces the impact of extremely harsh environments. Extreme cold, strong winds, intense ultraviolet radiation, and sparse population density all negatively affect the physical and mental health of ice core drilling personnel. Particularly in the mountainous glaciers of the Tibetan Plateau, the high altitude leading to oxygen deficiency and low air pressure severely impacts the health of ice core drilling personnel. Additionally, considering the vast geographical area of ​​polar glaciers and the numerous crevasses within them, as well as the high altitude, treacherous terrain, and extreme difficulty of accessing plateau and mountainous glaciers, ice core drilling personnel are often forced to reduce the number of drilling sites and quantities due to difficulties in access and limited time for on-site work. On the other hand, against the backdrop of current global warming, glaciers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau mountain glacier region are undergoing drastic changes, generally melting and shrinking, threatening the preservation of climate and environmental records in low-altitude ice and snow. The melting of surface ice has led to the disappearance of recent climate and environmental records. Simultaneously, the altitude of the melting areas is increasing, resulting in locations at increasingly higher altitudes where high-quality, complete ice core climate records can be obtained, most exceeding 6000 meters in altitude, making them inaccessible to humans and current large-scale ice core drilling equipment.

[0004] In summary, obtaining high-quality, complete ice core climate records from the Tibetan Plateau mountain glaciers and the Arctic and Antarctic regions is becoming increasingly difficult. The ongoing global warming trend urgently urges researchers to accelerate the drilling of surface ice cores from existing glacier areas to ensure proper preservation for subsequent climate and environmental record research. Otherwise, by the time research becomes feasible, the surface ice may have melted away, leaving no usable cores. All these factors will, to some extent, constrain the sustainability of future research on climate and environmental change using ice core records.

[0005] Fortunately, thanks to the continuous development of new intelligent technologies, especially the rapid advancements in research on flying and ground-based intelligent robots suitable for polar and mountain glacier regions, areas previously accessible only by human labor can now be reached by intelligent robots. This significantly improves accessibility to harsh environments such as polar regions and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's mountain glaciers. These flying or ground-based intelligent robots, equipped with ice core drilling devices, can autonomously collect shallow ice core samples in vast uninhabited areas of the polar regions and at altitudes above 6,000 meters in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's mountain glaciers. This increases the spatial density of ice core acquisition, reduces the workload of personnel, and allows for the rapid return of samples to the research camp for observation and study. However, since existing ice core drilling devices rely on manual operation for core extraction, simply transporting them to the drilling site via flying or ground-based intelligent robots cannot automatically achieve ice core drilling.

[0006] Therefore, designing an ice core drilling device that can be automatically drilled into shallow ice cores of glaciers by being carried to the drilling site by a flying or ground-based intelligent robot is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers that can be mounted on intelligent robots, enabling automatic and efficient drilling of shallow ice cores in extreme environments such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau or the polar regions that are extremely difficult for humans to reach.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An automated ice core drilling device for shallow glaciers, suitable for use with intelligent robots, includes a positioning support cylinder containing a drill rod. The top of the drill rod is connected to a power supply device via a drive shaft, the power supply device being equipped with an electrical power supply unit. Driven by the power supply device and the drive shaft, the drill rod rotates relative to the positioning support cylinder, extending downwards or retracting upwards. A cutting blade for cutting the ice is mounted at the bottom of the drill rod, and a reversible automatic ice clamping device and an automatic lifting clamping device are rotatably and elastically mounted at the lower part of the drill rod. Ice-cutting device; the reversing automatic ice-cutting device is located above the lifting automatic ice-cutting device, and is used to automatically rotate into the drill rod to cut into the ice body when the drill rod rotates in the reverse direction, so as to separate the ice body from the glacier surface; the lifting automatic ice-cutting device is used to automatically rotate downward into the drill rod to produce a downward pressure assisting cutting effect on the uncut ice body when the reversing automatic ice-cutting device cuts into the ice body and the intelligent robot lifts the automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores of glaciers mounted on the intelligent robot, and to hold the cut ice body after the drill rod stops rotating and the reversing automatic ice-cutting device resets.

[0010] The advantages of this invention are:

[0011] This invention is specifically designed for harsh environments such as the mountain glaciers of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and polar regions. It can be carried by flying or ground-based intelligent robots to achieve unmanned and automatic drilling of shallow ice cores on the surface of glaciers. It is not restricted by high altitude, dangerous terrain, or difficulty in access, and the drilling locations and quantities are no longer limited. The workload of staff is greatly reduced. It is also highly portable, and the drilling is efficient and reliable, making it suitable for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the cutting tool.

[0015] Figure 4 From Figure 1 A diagram showing the cutting tool mounted on the drill rod, viewed from above and below.

[0016] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic ice clamping device.

[0017] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top-down view.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the instructions for using the automatic ice-locking device.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the instructions for using the automatic ice clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figures 1 to 8This invention proposes an automatic ice core drilling device for shallow glaciers, suitable for use with intelligent robots. The device includes a positioning support cylinder 70, within which a drill rod 30 is installed. The top of the drill rod 30 is connected to a power supply device 90 via a drive shaft 80, and the power supply device 90 is equipped with an electrical power supply device 40. Driven by the power supply device 90 and the drive shaft 80, the drill rod 30 rotates relative to the positioning support cylinder 70, extending downwards or retracting upwards. A cutting blade 10 for cutting the ice is installed at the bottom of the drill rod 30, and a reversing automatic ice clamping device 60 and a lifting automatic ice clamping device 20 are rotatably and elastically mounted at the lower part of the drill rod 30. The ice clamp 60 is located on top of the automatic ice clamp 20. The automatic ice clamp 60 is used to automatically rotate into the drill rod 30 to cut into the ice body inside the drill rod 30 when the drill rod 30 rotates in the opposite direction, so as to separate the ice body from the glacier surface. The automatic ice clamp 20 is used to automatically rotate downward into the drill rod 30 (reset) when the automatic ice clamp 60 cuts into the ice body and the intelligent robot (not shown in the figure) lifts the automatic shallow ice core drilling device of the present invention to produce a downward pressure to assist the cutting effect on the uncut ice body, and to support the ice body (ice core 200) cut out inside the drill rod 30 after the drill rod 30 stops rotating and the automatic ice clamp 60 (reverse rotation) resets.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The positioning support cylinder 70 includes a base 71, on which a drill hole 73 is provided. The drill hole 73 is provided with an internal thread 730 for movably screwing into the external thread 320 of the drill rod 30. The pitch of the external thread 320 and the internal thread 730 are the same. The screwing into the external thread 320 of the drill rod 30 and the internal thread 730 of the drill hole 73 serves as a vertical guide for the drill rod 30. At least two fixing rods 72 are provided on the base 71. The side wall of the power supply device 90 is provided with a fixing plate 92 with a through hole 920. The fixing plate 92 can be movably inserted into the fixing rod 72 through the through hole 920 to prevent the drill rod 30 from reversing during forward drilling.

[0022] In the actual design, the positioning support cylinder 70 is made of hard aluminum alloy. Considering weight factors, it is advisable to design two fixing rods 72, such as... Figure 2 Two fixing rods 72 are arranged opposite each other on the base 71. Correspondingly, a fixing piece 92 extends from each opposite side wall of the power supply device 90, and each fixing piece 92 can be movably fitted onto the corresponding fixing rod 72.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The drill rod 30 includes a cylindrical drill rod body 31, the outer side wall of the drill rod body 31 is provided with an external thread 320, the drill rod 30 is provided with a columnar groove 36 for accommodating the lifting automatic ice clamp 20, and the drill rod 30 is provided with a flat groove 35 for accommodating the reversing automatic ice clamp 60.

[0024] Furthermore, a spiral groove 32 is recessed on the outer wall of the drill rod body 31, and a chip guide hole 34 communicating with the spiral groove 32 is provided on the upper part of the drill rod 30. The purpose of the spiral groove 32 is to facilitate the upward movement of ice chips after cutting. When the ice chips rotate upward to the upper part of the drill rod 30, they fall into the inner cavity of the drill rod 30 from the chip guide hole 34.

[0025] In the actual design, drill pipe 30 is made of hard aluminum alloy.

[0026] In the actual design, the reversing automatic ice clamp 60 is in the flat groove 35 (initial state) under its own elastic force when the drill rod 30 is not rotating or is rotating in the forward direction. It only turns out of the flat groove 35 when the drill rod 30 rotates in the reverse direction, overcoming the elastic force. That is, the reversing automatic ice clamp 60 is only forced to turn out of the flat groove 35 when the drill rod 30 rotates in the reverse direction, and is in the flat groove 35 in all other cases. In addition to its own elastic force (provided by the spring 23), the lifting automatic ice clamp 20 extends out of the columnar groove 36 and is in the drill rod 30 (initial state) when it is not under force. Under the pushing action generated by the ice moving towards the top of the drill rod 30 (overcoming the elastic force), it turns back into the columnar groove 36. That is, the lifting automatic ice clamp 20 is always in the state of rotating towards the drill rod 30 under the action of elastic force.

[0027] In this invention, the reverse automatic ice clamping device 60 is in a horizontal rotation ice clamping mode, and the lifting automatic ice clamping device 20 is in a vertical rotation ice clamping mode. The combination of the two can effectively ensure that the ice body can be smoothly separated from the glacier, and also ensure that the drilled ice core will not leak out from the drill rod 30 during the transportation process carried by the intelligent robot.

[0028] In practical design, such as Figure 2 A pair of automatic ice clamping devices 20 are symmetrically installed on the lower part of the drill rod 30, and a reverse automatic ice clamping device 60 is installed on the drill rod 30 above the automatic ice clamping devices 20.

[0029] like Figures 5 to 7 The automatic reversing ice clamping device 60 includes a sickle-shaped reversing ice clamping piece 61. The rotating end of the reversing ice clamping piece 61 is provided with a connecting sleeve 62. The reversing ice clamping piece 61 is installed on the drill rod 30 by a fixing pin 52 that passes through the connecting sleeve 62 and is fixed in a fixing hole 350 on the drill rod body 31 of the drill rod 30. A spring 51 is provided between the connecting sleeve 62 and the fixing pin 52. Under the elastic force of the spring 51, the connecting sleeve 62 drives the reversing ice clamping piece 61 to always be in a state of rotating into the flat groove 35.

[0030] like Figure 8 The automatic ice clamping device 20 includes an elliptical ice clamping plate 21 with a pointed corner. The ice clamping plate 21 is mounted on the drill rod 30 by a rotating shaft 22. A spring 23 is provided between the rotating shaft 22 and the ice clamping plate 21. Under the elastic force of the spring 23, the ice clamping plate 21 is always in a state of rotating around the rotating shaft 22 towards the outside of the columnar groove 36.

[0031] Of course, in actual design, the lifting automatic ice clamp 20 may not have a spring 23. Its lifting ice clamp 21 is directly mounted on the drill rod 30 through the rotating shaft 22. The lifting ice clamp 21 is always in a state of rotating downward inward in the drill rod 30 by its own weight.

[0032] In this invention, the reverse-carb ice flakes 61 and the pull-carb ice flakes 21 can be made of steel.

[0033] Preferably, when the tiraka ice slice 21 is in the columnar groove 36, its sharp corner should be close to the plane where the reverse ice slice 61 is located, which is beneficial for exerting downward pressure on the uncut ice body.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cutting tool 10 includes an arc-shaped tool body 11 adapted to the drill rod 30, and a cutting edge 12 is provided at one end of the tool body 11, wherein: the cross-section of the cutting edge 12 is trapezoidal and extends out of the drill rod 30 (e.g., Figure 4 The blade 12 is a downward-sloping, protruding pointed angle (such as...). Figure 3 Additionally, such as Figure 3 The cutter body 11 has mounting holes 13 for mounting screws (not shown in the figure) to fix the cutting cutter 10 at the bottom of the drill rod 30.

[0035] Preferably, the cutting edge 12 and the spiral groove 32 are positioned opposite each other to facilitate the direct entry of ice chips after cutting into the spiral groove 32 along the cutting edge 12. Furthermore, the angle between the cutting edge 12 and the vertical direction is consistent with the angle between the spiral groove 32 and the horizontal direction, both being 40 degrees. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0036] Better, such as Figure 3 The downward protrusion height d of the blade 12 relative to the blade body 11 is consistent with the thread pitch of the internal and external threads 730 and 320, which is 1mm.

[0037] In practical design, the cutting tool 10 is a hardened tool made of steel. Two cutting tools 10 should preferably be symmetrically installed at the bottom of the drill rod 30, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0038] In this invention, the external threads 320 of the cutting blade 10 and the drill rod 30 and the internal threads 730 of the positioning support cylinder 70 are designed to ensure that the cutting speed of the ice body and the drilling speed are consistent, while realizing the downward pressure drilling on the glacier surface and ensuring efficient drilling.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the drive shaft 80 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 91 of the power supply device 90. For this purpose, the top of the drive shaft 80 is provided with a connecting groove 81 for connecting the output shaft 91, and the lower part of the drive shaft 80 is detachably snapped onto the drill rod 30.

[0040] Furthermore, the drive shaft 80 has an assembly cavity 84 on its side wall. A chuck 82 is elastically mounted within the assembly cavity 84 via an elastic element 83 (such as a spring). The chuck 82 extends and retracts relative to the assembly cavity 84 under the elastic force of the elastic element 83. A locking hole 33 is provided on the drill rod 30, positioned above the chip guide hole 34. When the drive shaft 80 extends into the drill rod 30 and the chuck 82 moves to the locking hole 33, the chuck 82 extends out of the assembly cavity 84 and engages in the locking hole 33, thus connecting the drive shaft 80 and the drill rod 30. After the drive shaft 80 is inserted into the drill rod 30 and connected, the drive shaft 80 will not obstruct the chip guide hole 34. Figure 1 .

[0041] In actual design, for example, a pair of chucks 82 are provided on opposite sidewalls of the drive shaft 80, and correspondingly, two chuck holes 33 are symmetrically opened on the drill rod 30.

[0042] Preferably, the clamp head 82 is a columnar structure that is thicker on the inside and thinner on the outside, and a limit ring 85 is installed at the opening of the assembly cavity 84. The function of the limit ring 85 is to prevent the clamp head 82 from being completely ejected from the assembly cavity 84 and unable to retract.

[0043] In this invention, the power supply device 90 and the power supply device 40 are connected to the intelligent robot via cables. The intelligent robot is used to send commands to the power supply device 90 for forward drilling and reverse ice removal, and commands to the power supply device 40 for power supply start and power cut-off shutdown.

[0044] The power supply device 90 can be designed as a geared motor, such as a high-torque geared motor driven by planetary gears. The power supply device 40 is used to provide DC power to the power supply device 90, for example, using a battery pack with nano-lithium iron phosphate material as the battery core, which is resistant to low temperature and low pressure. Under low temperature (below -40 degrees Celsius) and low pressure (below 0.04 MPa) conditions, the discharge efficiency is stable and the power performance is excellent, ensuring a stable output of sufficient energy.

[0045] When the automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores of the glacier of the present invention is carried by an intelligent robot, the positioning support cylinder 70 is used to fix it to the intelligent robot. The connection method is a well-known technology and is not limited. The top of the power supply device 40 is provided with a fixing connector 100 (e.g., a fixing ring). During the carrying process, the intelligent robot uses the fixing connector 100 to help fix the drill rod 30, preventing the drill rod 30 from automatically rotating and falling during the carrying process.

[0046] The intelligent robot can be either a flying or ground-based intelligent robot; there are no restrictions.

[0047] The intelligent robot used in this invention is a well-known device in the field. Regardless of whether a flying or ground-based intelligent robot is used, space should be reserved on the intelligent robot to facilitate the drilling of the automatic shallow ice core drilling device of this invention. Of course, the ground-based intelligent robot can also use a translational sliding method to extend the automatic shallow ice core drilling device of this invention horizontally and then contact the glacier surface to begin drilling. After the drilling operation is completed, the flying intelligent robot needs to take off vertically to perform a lifting action, and the ground-based intelligent robot needs to use its own lifting equipment to perform an upward action. The purpose of both is to completely separate the ice core cut by the automatic shallow ice core drilling device of this invention from the glacier surface, so that the intelligent robot can transport the entire device and ice core samples back to the scientific research camp.

[0048] During installation, the positioning support cylinder 70 is fixedly connected to the intelligent robot. Then, the drill rod 30 (with the automatic reversing ice clamp 60 and the automatic lifting ice clamp 20 already installed) is rotated into the positioning support cylinder 70. Next, the drive shaft 80, power supply device 90, and power supply device 40 are sequentially installed on the drill rod 30, with the fixing plate 92 fitted onto the fixing rod 72. Then, the fixing connector 100 installed on the power supply device 40 is snapped into place with the fixing device on the intelligent robot. Next, the cutting tool 10 is installed at the bottom of the drill rod 30. Finally, the power supply device 90 and power supply device 40 are connected to the intelligent robot's control system via cables.

[0049] After installation, the automatic ice core drilling device for shallow glaciers of this invention is transported to a designated location by an intelligent robot and placed on the glacier surface, ensuring that the cutting blade 10 under the drill rod 30 is in contact with the ice surface. Then, the snap-fit ​​connection of the fixing connector 100 is released, and the power supply device 40 is activated to supply power. The power supply device 90 then starts operating, driving the drill rod 30 to rotate clockwise via the drive shaft 80. The drill rod 30 then rotates downwards relative to the positioning support cylinder 70, while the cutting blade 10 simultaneously cuts the ice, gradually filling the interior of the drill rod 30 with ice. At this time, the automatic ice clamping device 20, pushed and compressed by the moving ice within the downward-moving drill rod 30, is pressed into the cylindrical groove 36 of the drill rod 30 (see...). Figure 8The solid line shows the automatic ice-clamping device 20. Throughout the drilling process, the cut ice chips spiral upwards along the spiral groove 32. When the ice chips reach the upper part of the drill rod 30, they fall into the inner cavity of the drill rod 30 through the chip guide hole 34 (see...). Figure 1 (Solid arrow shown).

[0050] When the drill pipe 30 reaches the set stroke (e.g., 70cm), the power supply device 90 stops rotating forward and begins to rotate in reverse, thus driving the drill pipe 30 to rotate in reverse. At this time, due to the reverse rotation, the automatic reversing ice clamp 60 rotates out of the flat groove 35 of the drill pipe 30 (see...). Figure 7 The dotted line shows the reversing automatic ice clamp 60, which cuts into the ice to separate it from the glacier surface. Then, the intelligent robot lifts the entire device, creating a gap between the partially cut ice remaining in the drill rod 30 and the ice below. This gap causes the automatic ice clamp 20 to rotate out of the cylindrical groove 36 into the drill rod 30, thus applying downward pressure to the remaining ice below, achieving an auxiliary cutting effect and ultimately ensuring complete ice removal.

[0051] At this point, as the power supply device 90 stops operating, the reversing automatic ice catcher 60 resets back into the flat groove 35 of the drill pipe 30 (see...). Figure 7 (The solid line shows the reversing automatic ice clamp 60). The ice core 200, located within the drill rod 30, falls onto the lifting automatic ice clamp 20 and is supported by it (see...). Figure 8 The dotted line shows the automatic ice core extractor 20. The intelligent robot then transports the device of this invention and the extracted ice core 200 back to the research camp, completing one ice core drilling operation.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] This invention features a miniaturized structure, small size, light weight, and high portability. Existing flying or ground-based intelligent robots are capable of carrying it to complete the task. This invention has a high degree of automation and can be carried out by flying or ground-based intelligent robots to carry out unmanned, multi-point, and arbitrary shallow ice core drilling operations on the glacier surface, making it suitable for field implementation.

[0054] This invention significantly enhances the ability to obtain ice cores in areas difficult for humans to reach, making it possible to conduct ice core climate record research in polar and Tibetan Plateau mountain glacier areas more flexible and on a larger spatial scale. It provides a reliable technical means to assist existing ice core research in obtaining more drilling sites and ice core samples at higher altitudes in the context of global climate change, revealing the processes and mechanisms of modern climate and environmental changes in polar regions and even the world, and improving the accuracy of our understanding of global climate change patterns.

[0055] The above description describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations or simple substitutions based on the technical solutions of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, suitable for use with intelligent robots, characterized in that, The device includes a positioning support cylinder, within which a drill rod is installed. The top of the drill rod is connected to a power supply device via a drive shaft, the power supply device being equipped with an electrical power supply unit. Driven by the power supply device and the drive shaft, the drill rod rotates relative to the positioning support cylinder, extending downwards or retracting upwards. A cutting blade for cutting ice is installed at the bottom of the drill rod, and a reverse automatic ice clamping device and a lifting automatic ice clamping device are rotatably and elastically installed at the lower part of the drill rod. The reverse automatic ice clamping device is located above the lifting automatic ice clamping device and is used to automatically rotate into the drill rod to cut into the ice when the drill rod rotates in the reverse direction, thereby separating the ice from the glacier surface. The lifting automatic ice clamping device is used to automatically rotate downwards into the drill rod when the reverse automatic ice clamping device cuts into the ice and the intelligent robot lifts the automatic shallow ice core drilling device suitable for the intelligent robot, thereby creating a downward pressure assisting cutting effect on the uncut ice and supporting the cut ice after the drill rod stops rotating and the reverse automatic ice clamping device resets.

2. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The positioning support cylinder includes a base with a drill hole. The drill hole has an internal thread for movably connecting with the external thread of the drill rod. The base has at least two fixing rods. The power supply device has a fixing plate with a through hole. The fixing plate is movably inserted through the through hole into the fixing rod to prevent the drill rod from reversing during forward drilling.

3. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The drill rod includes a drill rod body, the outer side wall of the drill rod body is provided with the external thread, and the drill rod is provided with a columnar groove for accommodating the lifting automatic ice clamp and a flat groove for accommodating the reversing automatic ice clamp.

4. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The outer side wall of the drill rod body is provided with a spiral groove, and the upper part of the drill rod is provided with a chip guide hole that communicates with the spiral groove.

5. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 3, suitable for use with intelligent robots, is characterized in that... The reversing automatic ice catcher is in the flat groove under the action of elastic force when the drill rod is not rotating or is rotating in the forward direction, and only rotates out of the flat groove when the drill rod rotates in the reverse direction; in addition to its own elastic force, the lifting automatic ice catcher extends out of the columnar groove and is in the drill rod when it is not under force, and rotates back into the columnar groove under the pushing action generated by the ice moving towards the top of the drill rod.

6. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 5, suitable for use with intelligent robots, is characterized in that... The automatic reversing ice clamping device includes a sickle-shaped reversing ice clamping plate. The rotating end of the reversing ice clamping plate is provided with a connecting sleeve. The reversing ice clamping plate is installed on the drill rod by a fixing nail that passes through the connecting sleeve and is fixed in a fixing hole opened on the drill rod body. A spring is provided between the connecting sleeve and the fixing nail. Under the elastic force of the spring, the connecting sleeve drives the reversing ice clamping plate to always be in a state of rotating into the flat groove.

7. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 5, suitable for use with intelligent robots, is characterized in that... The automatic ice clamping device includes an ice clamping plate with a pointed corner and an elliptical shape. The ice clamping plate is mounted on the drill rod by a rotating shaft. A spring is provided between the rotating shaft and the ice clamping plate. Under the elastic force of the spring, the ice clamping plate is always in a state of rotating around the rotating shaft towards the outside of the columnar groove.

8. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The cutting tool includes an arc-shaped tool body, one end of which is provided with a cutting edge, wherein: the cross-section of the cutting edge is trapezoidal and extends out of the drill rod, and the cutting edge is a downwardly convex pointed angle.

9. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 1, suitable for use with intelligent robots, is characterized in that... The top of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power supply device, and the lower part of the drive shaft is detachably snapped onto the drill rod.

10. The automatic drilling device for shallow ice cores in glaciers, as described in claim 1, suitable for use with intelligent robots, is characterized in that... When the automated shallow ice core drilling device for glaciers, which is suitable for use with intelligent robots, is carried by an intelligent robot, the positioning support cylinder is used to be fixedly connected to the intelligent robot. The top of the power supply device is provided with a fixing connector so that the intelligent robot can use the fixing connector to assist in fixing the drill rod during the carrying process, preventing the drill rod from automatically rotating and falling during the carrying process. The intelligent robot is either a flying or ground-based intelligent robot.

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