Melt forging apparatus with ultrasonic piston device

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of molten forging device with ultrasonic piston device, comprising: a upper extrusion cylinder, with a upper die, upper die has a upper die cavity;A bed, with a lower die seat, and a lower die set on the lower die seat, the lower die set has a lower die cavity, the bed has a push hole that passes through the lower die seat and the lower die and communicates with the lower die cavity;A extrusion piston is arranged in the push hole, the diameter of extrusion piston is consistent with the diameter of push hole, and extrusion piston has a push face towards the lower die cavity, extrusion piston is recessed from the push face A vibration groove;An ultrasonic piston device is connected to the extrusion piston, the ultrasonic piston device has a connected ultrasonic generator and a vibration amplitude increasing rod, the vibration amplitude increasing rod has a auxiliary piston arranged in the vibration groove, the auxiliary piston has a vibration face towards the lower die cavity;A push column drives the extrusion piston and the ultrasonic piston device, so that the push face and the vibration face can approach or away from the lower die cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of molten metal forging, and in particular to a molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device. Background Technology

[0002] Please see Figure 1 Currently, the forging equipment used in the molten metal forging industry mainly includes an upper extrusion cylinder 11, a bed 12, and an extrusion column 13. The bed 12 has a push hole 121, and an extrusion piston 14 is provided in the push hole 121. The diameter of the extrusion piston 14 is the same as the diameter of the push hole 121. The extrusion column 13 is located in the push hole 121 and pushes against the extrusion piston 14. The extrusion column 13 seals the bottom of the push hole 121, so that the molten metal A1 poured into the push hole 121 can be accommodated in the push hole 121 and located on the extrusion piston 14. Molten metal forging involves heating the material to be forged into a molten metal A1 and pouring the molten metal A1 into a push hole 121 using a ladle 15. However, an oxide film A11 will form on the surface of the molten metal A1 inside the ladle 15. As the molten metal A1 is poured into the push hole 121, the oxide film A11 will also be drawn into the push hole 121 along with the molten metal A11. This causes the internal structure of the finished product to become fragile due to the oxide film A11.

[0003] Secondly, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 When molten A1 is poured into the push hole 121, the molten A1 will preferentially form dendritic crystals A12 upon contact with the push hole 121 and the surface of the extrusion piston 14. When the extrusion piston 14 pushes the molten A1 into the mold cavity, the dendritic crystals A12 will also be drawn into the mold cavity, causing the internal structure of the molded product to be fragile due to the dendritic crystals A12.

[0004] Furthermore, the solidification process of the molten Al is slow when it enters the mold cavity, resulting in the finished product being entirely composed of dendritic Al2 crystals, which leads to lower material elongation and fatigue strength.

[0005] Finally, after the molten A1 is formed into a finished product, the large size and large quantity of eutectic silicides generated during the solidification process result in visible surface spots on the finished product, leading to poor texture. Therefore, it is indeed necessary to propose a technical means to improve the aforementioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to solve the problem that the oxide film of the molten molten material gets rolled into the push hole, resulting in a fragile finished product structure.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to solve the problem that dendritic crystals can be drawn into the mold cavity, resulting in a fragile finished product structure.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to solve the problem that the slow solidification of the molten metal results in a dendritic crystal structure in the finished product, leading to low elongation and fatigue strength.

[0009] The fourth objective of this invention is to solve the problem that the eutectic silicides produced after molding are large in size and numerous, resulting in visible small dots on the surface of the finished product.

[0010] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device, comprising:

[0011] A bed has a lower mold base and a lower mold core disposed on the lower mold base. The lower mold core has a lower mold cavity. The bed has a push hole that passes through the lower mold base and the lower mold core and communicates with the lower mold cavity.

[0012] A compression piston is disposed in the compression hole. The diameter of the compression piston is the same as the diameter of the compression hole, and the compression piston has a compression surface facing the lower die cavity. A vibration groove is recessed from the compression surface of the compression piston.

[0013] An ultrasonic piston device is connected to the extrusion piston. The ultrasonic piston device has a connected ultrasonic generator and an amplitude amplifying rod. The amplitude amplifying rod has an auxiliary piston disposed in the vibration groove. The auxiliary piston has a vibration surface facing the lower mold cavity.

[0014] A pusher column drives the extrusion piston and the ultrasonic piston device, so that the pushing surface and the vibrating surface can approach or move away from the lower mold cavity.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, an upper extrusion cylinder is further provided, which has an upper die core and an upper die cavity. The upper extrusion cylinder has an upper die seat connected to the upper die core. The upper die seat is further connected to an external driving element so that the upper die seat can drive the upper die core to approach or move away from the bed.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, after the lower die core and the upper die core are closed, the lower die cavity and the upper die cavity together define a closed forging space, which is connected to the extrusion hole.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the pusher is further connected to a drive cylinder, which drives the pusher to move toward or away from the lower mold core.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, a feed cylinder is further disposed within the bed, the feed cylinder having an inner side surrounding the push hole, and the extrusion piston abuts against the inner side.

[0019] Because the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic piston device shatters the oxide film and dendritic crystals in the molten metal, breaking them into extremely fine grains, the internal material of the molten metal becomes more uniform and the solidification speed of the molten metal is relatively accelerated during cooling. Furthermore, the ultrasonic piston device continuously provides ultrasonic vibration during the solidification process, making the molten metal flow easily at high temperatures, and solving the problem of cold shut-off. The finished products of this invention are mostly equiaxed crystals, which greatly increases the elongation and fatigue strength of the finished products. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of existing molten metal forging where the oxide film is rolled in when the molten metal is poured.

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the formation of dendritic crystals in the molten metal during existing molten metal forging processes as the molten metal enters the push hole.

[0022] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view showing the molten metal, oxide film, and dendritic crystals being pushed together into the forging space.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view showing the oxide mold being rolled up when the molten metal is poured into the molten metal during the molten metal forging process according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the molten metal forming a dendritic crystal structure within the extrusion hole.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention, showing how the oxide film and dendritic crystals are broken up by an ultrasonic piston device.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper and lower mold cores of the present invention after they are closed and the molten metal is pushed into the forging space.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper and lower molds after the molten liquid has solidified and been opened.

[0028] Explanation of icon numbers

[0029] Upper extrusion cylinder 11

[0030] Bed platform 12

[0031] Push Hole 121

[0032] Extrusion column 13

[0033] Squeeze piston 14

[0034] 15 spoons

[0035] Melting A1

[0036] Oxide film A11

[0037] Dendritic A12

[0038] Upper extrusion cylinder 20

[0039] Shangmo Ren 21

[0040] Upper mold cavity 211

[0041] Upper mold base 22

[0042] bed platform 30

[0043] Lower mold base 31

[0044] Lower mold core 32

[0045] Lower mold cavity 321

[0046] Push hole 33

[0047] Extrusion piston 40

[0048] Push surface 41

[0049] Vibration groove 42

[0050] Ultrasonic piston device 50

[0051] Ultrasonic generator 51

[0052] Amplitude increasing rod 52

[0053] Auxiliary Piston 521

[0054] Vibration surface 5211

[0055] Push column 60

[0056] Drive cylinder 70

[0057] Material cylinder 80

[0058] Inner side 81

[0059] Melting Soup B1

[0060] Oxide film B11

[0061] Dendritic B12

[0062] Forging Space H Detailed Implementation

[0063] Please see Figure 4 This invention relates to a molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device, mainly comprising an upper extrusion cylinder 20, a bed 30, an extrusion piston 40, an ultrasonic piston device 50, and a pusher column 60, wherein:

[0064] The upper extrusion cylinder 20 has an upper die core 21, and the upper die core 21 has an upper die cavity 211. In this embodiment, the upper extrusion cylinder 20 has an upper die seat 22 connected to the upper die core 21. The upper die seat 22 is also connected to an external driving element so that the upper die seat 22 can drive the upper die core 21 to approach or move away from the bed 30.

[0065] The bed 30 has a lower mold base 31 and a lower mold core 32 disposed on the lower mold base 31. The lower mold core 32 has a lower mold cavity 321. The bed 30 has a pushing hole 33 that passes through the lower mold base 31 and the lower mold core 32 and communicates with the lower mold cavity 321. In this embodiment, after the lower mold core 32 and the upper mold core 21 are closed, the lower mold cavity 321 and the upper mold cavity 211 together define a closed forging space H, and the forging space H communicates with the pushing hole 33.

[0066] The extrusion piston 40 is disposed in the extrusion hole 33. The diameter of the extrusion piston 40 is the same as the diameter of the extrusion hole 33. The extrusion piston 40 has an extrusion surface 41 facing the lower die cavity 321. The extrusion piston 40 has a vibration groove 42 recessed from the extrusion surface 41.

[0067] The ultrasonic piston device 50 is connected to the extrusion piston 40. The ultrasonic piston device 50 has an ultrasonic generator 51 and an amplitude amplifying rod 52 connected to it. The amplitude amplifying rod 52 has an auxiliary piston 521 disposed in the vibration groove 42. The auxiliary piston 521 has a vibration surface 5211 facing the lower mold cavity 321. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic generator 51 uses a circuit to generate an oscillation signal. The amplitude amplifying rod 52 receives the oscillation signal and amplifies the oscillation signal to generate vibration. The aforementioned amplitude amplifying rod 52 is also generally called an ultrasonic transducer, which can convert electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy, thereby vibrating the target with ultrasonic waves.

[0068] The pusher 60 drives the extrusion piston 40 and the ultrasonic piston device 50, so that the pusher surface 41 and the vibration surface 5211 can approach or move away from the lower mold cavity 321. In this embodiment, the pusher 60 is also connected to a drive cylinder 70, which drives the pusher 60 to move toward or away from the lower mold core 32. The pusher 60 and the drive cylinder 70 can actually be booster cylinders, which drive the pusher 60 to move by increasing or decreasing the pressure through air pressure, hydraulic pressure, etc.

[0069] Secondly, a material cylinder 80 is provided inside the bed 30. The material cylinder 80 has an inner side surface 81 surrounding the push hole 33. The extrusion piston 40 abuts against the inner side surface 81, thereby injecting molten B1 into the push hole 33, whereby molten B1 is surrounded by the material cylinder 80 and the extrusion piston 40.

[0070] The above describes the structural configuration and connection relationships of the present invention in a preferred embodiment. The usage of the present invention and its effects are as follows:

[0071] Please see Figure 4 The pusher 60 is driven away from the lower mold core 32 by the drive cylinder 70, which in turn drives the extrusion piston 40 away from the lower mold core 32, so that the push hole 33 has enough space to accommodate the molten soup B1. After the molten soup B1 is scooped up by the ladle, the molten soup B1 on the surface of the ladle will solidify into an oxide film B11 due to oxidation. The oxide film B11 is rolled into the push hole 33 along with the molten soup B1.

[0072] Please see Figure 5 After the molten molten B1 and the oxide film B11 enter the extrusion hole 33 together, the molten molten B1 that directly contacts the inner surface 81 of the extrusion piston 40 and the material cylinder 80 will take the contact position as the solidification nucleus point and preferentially solidify into dendritic crystals B12 on the inner surface 81 of the extrusion piston 40 and the material cylinder 80, so that the extrusion hole 33 simultaneously contains molten molten B1, oxide film B11 and dendritic crystals B12.

[0073] Please see Figure 6 The upper mold core 21 and the lower mold core 32 are closed to form the forging space H. The ultrasonic generator 51 is activated and the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the amplitude amplification rod 52. The auxiliary piston 521 directly contacts the molten B1 located in the pushing hole 33. The generated ultrasonic vibration shatters the oxide film B11 and dendritic crystals B12 in the molten B1, causing the oxide film B11 and dendritic crystals B12 to be shattered into extremely fine grains. The amplitude amplification rod 52 has a limited vertical amplitude stroke when it oscillates. When the auxiliary piston 521 pushes the molten B1, the pressure at the position of the auxiliary piston 521 continues to increase until the amplitude stroke of the auxiliary piston 521 is limited within the step of the extrusion piston 40, so as to avoid overpressure damage to the ultrasonic piston device 50.

[0074] Please see Figure 7The pusher 60 pushes the extrusion piston 40 and the ultrasonic piston device 50 toward the lower die cavity 321, causing the molten B1 on the extrusion piston 40 and the ultrasonic piston device 50 to fill the forging space H. The ultrasonic piston device 50 continuously emits ultrasonic vibrations, causing the molten B1 in the forging space H to form a semi-solid fluid. This not only avoids the formation of dendritic crystals B12 and a condensation shell, but also, because the dendritic crystals B12 shattered in the molten B1 form grains that act as nuclei during solidification, the uniformity is greatly increased, which significantly improves the solidification speed of the molten B1. Because of the large number and small size of the grains, the solidified product mostly forms equiaxed crystals. The ultrasonic piston device 50 continuously emits ultrasonic vibrations, which cause the molten metal B1 to swirl from the position where it contacts the auxiliary piston 521, thus homogenizing the composition of the molten metal B1. When forging aluminum alloys (e.g., 2XXX series aluminum alloys, 6XXX series aluminum alloys, 7XXX series aluminum alloys, etc.), sharp intergranular compounds are easily generated. Through the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic piston device 50, the grains generated in the aluminum alloy are made equiaxed and refined, which greatly reduces the size and number of sharp intergranular compounds. Furthermore, because the eutectic silicon in the molten metal B1 is refined and homogenized, the solidified product has a high quality.

[0075] Please see Figure 8 After the molten B1 cools and solidifies, the upper extrusion cylinder 20 is driven away from the bed 30, and the solidified product can then be demolded. The ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic piston device 50 shatter the oxide film B11 and dendritic crystals B12 within the molten B1, breaking them into extremely fine grains, thus ensuring the homogenization of the molten B1 and accelerating the overall solidification speed. Furthermore, the continuous ultrasonic vibrations provided by the ultrasonic piston device 50 during solidification cause the molten B1 to flow, further solving the problem of cold shut-off. The finished product of this invention is mostly equiaxed crystal, significantly increasing the elongation and fatigue strength of the finished product.

Claims

1. A molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device, characterized in that, Include: A bed has a lower mold base and a lower mold core disposed on the lower mold base. The lower mold core has a lower mold cavity. The bed has a push hole that passes through the lower mold base and the lower mold core and communicates with the lower mold cavity. A compression piston is disposed in the compression hole. The diameter of the compression piston is the same as the diameter of the compression hole, and the compression piston has a compression surface facing the lower die cavity. A vibration groove is recessed from the compression surface of the compression piston. An ultrasonic piston device is connected to the extrusion piston. The ultrasonic piston device has a connected ultrasonic generator and an amplitude amplifying rod. The amplitude amplifying rod has an auxiliary piston disposed in the vibration groove. The auxiliary piston has a vibration surface facing the lower mold cavity. A pusher column drives the extrusion piston and the ultrasonic piston device, so that the pushing surface and the vibrating surface can approach or move away from the lower mold cavity.

2. The molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also has an upper extrusion cylinder, which has an upper die core and an upper die cavity. The upper extrusion cylinder has an upper die base connected to the upper die core. The upper die base is also connected to an external driving element so that the upper die base can drive the upper die core to approach or move away from the bed.

3. The molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the lower die core and the upper die core are closed, the lower die cavity and the upper die cavity together define a closed forging space, which is connected to the extrusion hole.

4. The molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher is also connected to a drive cylinder, which drives the pusher to move toward or away from the lower mold core.

5. The molten metal forging apparatus with an ultrasonic piston device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Another material cylinder is disposed inside the bed, the material cylinder having an inner side surrounding the extrusion hole, and the extrusion piston abuts against the inner side.

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