A vein bionic antenna unit and antenna array

Abstract

A pulsed biomimetic antenna element and array, belonging to the field of antenna technology, solves the problem of how to design a pulsed biomimetic antenna with low RCS. The radiating layer of the antenna element includes n transverse S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines and n longitudinal S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines, forming an n×n square uniform array radiating layer. Each S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip line is formed by horizontally connecting n S-shaped pulsed biomimetic structures end to end. The S-shaped pulsed biomimetic structure is formed by shifting the upper semicircle of a circular microstrip line of radius R to the right by twice the radius R relative to the lower semicircle. The n transverse S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines... 2 The center point of each S-shaped vein-like biomimetic structure corresponds to n in the longitudinal S-shaped vein-like biomimetic microstrip line. 2 The center points of the S-shaped pulsation biomimetic structures coincide, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The pulsation biomimetic antenna of this invention effectively reduces the RCS and fills the gap in biomimetic research on low RCS of large-scale array antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology and relates to a pulsed bionic antenna element and antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electronic warfare, with the rapid development of advanced radar detection technology and precision-guided weapons, the requirements for stealth performance of weaponry are becoming increasingly stringent. This is because stealth performance directly determines the survivability and penetration capability of weaponry on the battlefield, and the development and research of stealth technology has received increasing attention from experts and scholars worldwide. The stealth performance of weapons or aircraft mainly depends on the size of their radar cross section (RCS). How to effectively control the target's RCS has become a key focus of stealth technology research. For low-visibility platforms, the antenna on the platform is the limiting factor for their overall performance; therefore, antenna RCS reduction has become an important issue today.

[0003] Over thousands of years of evolution, organisms in nature have adapted their structures to complex natural environments. Improving the stealth performance of antennas in complex electromagnetic environments can, to some extent, draw inspiration from the characteristics of biological organisms in structural design, leading to the discipline of biomimetic antennas. This has significantly broadened the scope of antenna research, allowing for innovative advancements in antenna stealth technology. In the field of biomimetic antennas, the paper "Wideband RCS Reduction of a Slot Array Antenna Using Polarization Conversion Metasurfaces[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2015,64(1)" proposes a fishbone-shaped biomimetic polarized rotating metasurface structure, which enables broadband RCS reduction of slot array antennas. However, current reports on biomimetic antennas, especially low RCS applications, are still relatively few. Furthermore, there is almost no biomimetic research on low RCS for large-scale array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is how to design a low RCS pulsed bionic antenna.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pulsed biomimetic antenna element includes: a radiating layer comprising: n transverse S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines and n longitudinal S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines, forming an n×n square array radiating layer; each S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip line is formed by horizontally connecting n S-shaped pulsed biomimetic structures end to end; the S-shaped pulsed biomimetic structure is formed by shifting the upper semicircle of a circular microstrip line of radius R to the right by twice the radius R relative to the lower semicircle; n of the transverse S-shaped pulsed biomimetic microstrip lines... 2 The center point of each S-shaped vein-like biomimetic structure corresponds to n in the longitudinal S-shaped vein-like biomimetic microstrip line. 2 The center points of the S-shaped vein-like biomimetic structures coincide, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0007] Furthermore, the radius R and width W of the circular microstrip line are both subwavelength dimensions.

[0008] Furthermore, the pulsed bionic antenna unit further includes: an antenna ground plane, a coaxial feed structure, and a dielectric substrate sandwiched between the antenna ground plane and the pulsed radiating layer; the antenna ground plane and the dielectric substrate have holes, and the coaxial feed structure passes through the holes to connect with the radiating layer for feeding the radiating layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding of the radiation layer adopts a center-feeding or eccentric-feeding method.

[0010] Furthermore, the dielectric plate is a flexible plate.

[0011] An antenna array, comprising a uniform array or a non-uniform array using the aforementioned pulsation bionic antenna elements.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are:

[0013] The pulsed bionic antenna of this invention uses the structure of a dragonfly wing as a bionic prototype, and proposes various forms of antenna arrays based on the pulsed bionic structure (the pulsed bionic structure is made of metal). Modeling and simulation analysis were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the pulsed bionic structure in achieving low RCS of the array antenna. At the same time, this invention further improves the low RCS performance of the antenna array by optimizing the arrangement of the diversified pulsed bionic structures. This invention fills, to some extent, the gap in bionic research on low RCS of large-scale array antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a topological diagram of a pulsating biomimetic antenna element structure.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of three different forms of veil-like bionic antenna unit structures;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding method for a pulsating bionic antenna element;

[0017] Figure 4 The RCS simulation results are for three different types of pulsation biomimetic antenna elements.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional uniform array based on a pulsation-inspired bionic antenna element.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional uniform array based on a pulsation-inspired bionic antenna element.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-element two-dimensional uniform array based on a pulsation-inspired bionic antenna element.

[0021] Figure 8 The RCS simulation results are for uniform arrays with different arrangements of pulsation biomimetic antenna elements.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional non-uniform array based on a pulsation biomimetic antenna element.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional non-uniform array based on a pulsation biomimetic antenna element.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-element two-dimensional non-uniform array based on a pulsation-inspired bionic antenna element.

[0025] Figure 12 The results are RCS simulations of non-uniform arrays with different arrangements of pulsation bionic antenna elements. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the radiating layer design prototype of the pulsed bionic antenna unit of this invention is derived from the dragonfly wing. Since the pulsed structure of a real dragonfly wing is complex and difficult to analyze parametrically, this invention designs an S-shaped pulsed bionic structure based on the characteristics of the pulsed structure of a real dragonfly wing. This S-shaped pulsed bionic structure is formed by shifting the upper semicircle of a circular microstrip line with radius R to the right by twice the radius R relative to the lower semicircle. Both the radius R and width W of the circular microstrip line are subwavelength dimensions. The dimensions of radius R and width W are related to the operating frequency band of the antenna unit. The higher the operating frequency band of the antenna unit, the smaller the radius R and the narrower the width W; conversely, the lower the operating frequency band, the larger the radius R and the wider the width W. The S-shaped pulsed bionic structure can maintain electromagnetic properties while possessing good bending and stretching capabilities, fully realizing the mechanical structural characteristics of a real dragonfly wing.

[0030] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the radiating layer of three odd-numbered array pulsed bionic antenna elements. The three different pulsed bionic antenna elements use a 3×3 square array, a 5×5 square array, and a 7×7 square array, respectively. Figure 2 The pulsed bionic antenna element (a) consists of three transverse S-shaped pulsed bionic microstrip lines and three longitudinal S-shaped pulsed bionic microstrip lines, forming a 3×3 square array. Each S-shaped pulsed bionic microstrip line is formed by connecting three S-shaped pulsed bionic structures end to end horizontally. The center points of the nine S-shaped pulsed bionic structures in the transverse S-shaped pulsed bionic microstrip line coincide with the center points of the nine S-shaped pulsed bionic structures in the longitudinal S-shaped pulsed bionic microstrip line. The pulsation bionic antenna element (b) consists of 5 transverse S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines and 5 longitudinal S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines, forming a 5×5 square array. Each S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip line is formed by horizontally connecting 5 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures end to end. The center points of the 25 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures in the transverse S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines coincide with the center points of the 25 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures in the longitudinal S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines. The pulsation bionic antenna element (c) consists of 7 transverse S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines and 7 longitudinal S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines, forming a 7×7 square array. Each S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip line is formed by connecting 7 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures end to end horizontally. The center points of the 49 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures in the transverse S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines coincide with the center points of the 49 S-shaped pulsation bionic structures in the longitudinal S-shaped pulsation bionic microstrip lines.

[0031] The radiating layer of the velocities-inspired bionic antenna unit can also be an even-numbered array, such as a 2×2 square array, a 4×4 square array, or a 6×6 square array.

[0032] Preferably, center feeding is used when the radiating layer of the pulsed bionic antenna unit is an odd-numbered array, and eccentric feeding is used when the radiating layer of the pulsed bionic antenna unit is an even-numbered array.

[0033] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of the feeding method of a pulsed bionic antenna element, including: a radiating layer (10), an antenna ground plane (11), a coaxial feeding structure (12), and a dielectric substrate (13) sandwiched between the antenna ground plane (11) and the pulsed radiating layer (10); the antenna ground plane (11) and the dielectric substrate (13) are provided with through holes, and the coaxial feeding structure (12) passes through the through holes and connects to the radiating layer (10) to feed the radiating layer (10); the coaxial feeding structure has advantages such as lightweight, compact structure and easy back-end integration. Preferably, the dielectric substrate (13) is a flexible substrate, which has the advantage that the entire antenna array has the characteristics of flexibility, rollability, stretchability and foldability.

[0034] against Figure 2 The simulation results of RCS for three different pulsed biomimetic antenna elements under parallel polarization (incident wave and antenna polarization are the same) and perpendicular incidence conditions are shown below. Figure 4 As shown, in comparison, the embodiments of the present invention provide RCS simulation results of a solid patch microstrip antenna structure under the same conditions. By comparison, it is found that the overall RCS amplitude based on the pulsation bionic antenna element is significantly lower than that of the patch antenna, and the RCS of the pulsation bionic structure is different under different parameter conditions. Figure 4 The pulse-inspired structure 1 is a pulse-inspired antenna element with a 3×3 square array in the radiating layer; the pulse-inspired structure 2 is a pulse-inspired antenna element with a 5×5 square array in the radiating layer; and the pulse-inspired structure 3 is a pulse-inspired antenna element with a 7×7 square array in the radiating layer.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 of the present invention uses antennas based on the above three types of vascular biomimetic structures for array layout, resulting in three array forms, including a two-element one-dimensional uniform array, a two-element two-dimensional uniform array, and a multi-element two-dimensional uniform array, as follows: Figures 5 to 7As shown. The binary one-dimensional uniform array is composed of pulse-inspired bionic structures 2 and 3 arranged in a one-dimensional uniform manner; the binary two-dimensional uniform array is composed of pulse-inspired bionic structures 2 and 3 arranged in a two-dimensional uniform manner; and the multi-element two-dimensional uniform array is composed of pulse-inspired bionic structures 1, 2, and 3 arranged in a two-dimensional uniform manner. According to the principles of electromagnetism, RCS reduction mainly involves weakening the mode scattering and structure scattering of the antenna. In this embodiment, the structure scattering of the antenna array based on pulse-inspired structures has a major influence. In the binary and multi-element uniform pulse-inspired bionic array structures, the incident electromagnetic wave will generate periodic phase differences at the interface, that is, the scattered energy exhibits a multi-angle uniformly dispersed distribution. By changing the arrangement of the pulse-inspired bionic structures, the scattered energy of the array can be effectively controlled, thereby further improving the RCS reduction level of the array.

[0037] Figure 8 The present invention presents the RCS simulation results of uniform arrays with different arrangements under parallel polarization (incident wave and antenna polarization are the same) and perpendicular incidence conditions. Compared with solid patch arrays of the same size, the RCS amplitude of uniform veil bionic array structure is lower. Moreover, with the expansion of the "multidimensionality" and "diversity" of uniform veil bionic array structure, the RCS amplitude of antenna array can be further reduced.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] Based on Embodiment 2, this invention further proposes a non-uniform vascular biomimetic array structure, comprising a binary one-dimensional non-uniform array, a binary two-dimensional non-uniform array, and a multi-element two-dimensional non-uniform array, as follows: Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the binary one-dimensional non-uniform array is composed of pulsed bionic structures 2 and 3 arranged in a one-dimensional non-uniform manner; the binary two-dimensional non-uniform array is composed of pulsed bionic structures 2 and 3 arranged in a two-dimensional non-uniform manner; and the multi-element two-dimensional non-uniform array is composed of pulsed bionic structures 1, 2, and 3 arranged in a two-dimensional non-uniform manner. Based on the principles of electromagnetism, the binary and multi-element non-uniform pulsed bionic array structures further expand the optimization dimension of the antenna array's RCS. For non-uniform pulsed bionic array structures, the incident electromagnetic wave will produce a non-periodic phase difference at the interface, meaning the scattered energy exhibits a random distribution. By changing the arrangement of the pulsed bionic structures, the scattered energy can also be effectively controlled, thereby further improving the array's RCS reduction level.

[0040] Figure 12The present invention presents the RCS simulation results of non-uniform arrays with different arrangements under parallel polarization (incident wave and antenna polarization are the same) and perpendicular incidence conditions. Compared with solid patch arrays of the same size, the RCS amplitude of non-uniform veil bionic array structures is also lower. Moreover, with the "multidimensional" and "diversified" expansion of non-uniform veil bionic array structures, the RCS amplitude of antenna arrays can be further reduced.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vein-bionic antenna unit, characterized in that, The application relates to a vein-bionic antenna unit. The radiation layer comprises n transverse S-shaped vein-bionic microstrip lines and n longitudinal S-shaped vein-bionic microstrip lines, forming a square radiation layer. The S-shaped choroid bionic structure microstrip line is formed by horizontally connecting n S-shaped choroid bionic structures in sequence; the S-shaped choroid bionic structure is formed by horizontally moving the upper half circle of a circular microstrip line with a radius of R to the right relative to the lower half circle by twice the radius R; the center points of the n S-shaped choroid bionic structures in the transverse S-shaped choroid bionic structure microstrip line correspond to the center points of the n S-shaped choroid bionic structures in the longitudinal S-shaped choroid bionic structure microstrip line, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. 2 The center points of the n S-shaped choroid bionic structures in the transverse S-shaped choroid bionic structure microstrip line correspond to the center points of the n S-shaped choroid bionic structures in the longitudinal S-shaped choroid bionic structure microstrip line, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. 2 ​ 2. The vein-bionic antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius R and the width W of the circular microstrip line are both sub-wavelength sizes.

3. The choronemimetic antenna unit of claim 1, wherein, The application further relates to a vein-bionic antenna unit. The antenna floor, the coaxial feeding structure and the medium plate are arranged between the antenna floor and the vein-bionic radiation layer. The antenna floor and the medium plate are provided with through holes, and the coaxial feeding structure is connected with the radiation layer through the through holes and is used for feeding the radiation layer.

4. The vein-bionic antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vein-bionic antenna unit adopts central feeding or eccentric feeding.

5. The vein-bionic antenna unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The medium plate is a flexible plate.

6. An antenna array, characterized by The vein-bionic antenna unit is used to form a uniform array or a non-uniform array.

Images