Random access method, device, apparatus and storage medium
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202211074080.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-09-02
AI Technical Summary
[0138] The random access method, device, apparatus, and storage medium provided in this application associate one or more different types of PRACH resources through a first type of synchronization signal. The terminal can select the corresponding PRACH resource to initiate random access according to different situations, thereby reducing access resource competition among different UEs and helping to improve the fairness of UE access within the cell.
Smart Images
Figure CN117715227B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a random access method, device, apparatus, and storage medium. Background Technology
[0002] In a communication system assisted by a Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), a terminal (also known as a User Equipment, UE) in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) idle state can access the network with the assistance of RIS.
[0003] During the synchronization and random access phase, the base station transmits broadcast signals (such as the Synchronization Signal and PBCH block, SSB) in the downlink. The UE and RIS receive the broadcast signals transmitted by the base station. At the same time, the RIS can switch between different states to forward the broadcast signals to UEs in different areas within the RIS coverage. These UEs compete for the same PRACH opportunity, which will result in the probability that UEs covered by the RIS will access the base station is significantly lower than that of UEs directly covered by the base station. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a random access method, device, apparatus, and storage medium.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a random access method applied to a terminal, comprising:
[0006] Receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal;
[0007] Based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, determine the target random access resource;
[0008] Based on the target random access resources, a random access is initiated to the network device.
[0009] Optionally, the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0010] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with a second type of random access resource.
[0011] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0012] Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined; or,
[0013] Based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
[0014] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0015] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0016] If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0017] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0018] Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type of the terminal is determined;
[0019] Based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
[0020] Optionally, determining the terminal type based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node includes:
[0021] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-type terminal; or,
[0022] If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
[0023] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0024] If the terminal is determined to be a first-type terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0025] If the terminal is determined to be a second type of terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0026] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes any one of the following:
[0027] If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0028] If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0029] If a second type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the second type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal; or,
[0030] If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
[0031] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the synchronization signal detection count includes:
[0032] If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, a target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
[0033] Optionally, determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes:
[0034] If the detected synchronization signal is a first-type synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0035] If the detected synchronization signal is a second type of synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal.
[0036] Optionally, when determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal, determining the target random access resource includes:
[0037] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
[0038] Optionally, the random access resources include random access opportunities and / or random access preamble sequences.
[0039] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0040] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal with RIS or NCR present within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal without RIS or NCR present within the coverage area.
[0041] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0042] Optionally, the first type of terminal is a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal is a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
[0043] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a random access method, applied to a network device, comprising:
[0044] One or more synchronization signals are broadcast to the terminal, including a first type of synchronization signal that is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0045] Optionally, the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0046] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with a second type of random access resource.
[0047] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0048] Based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0049] Optionally, sending a random access response message to the terminal based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access includes:
[0050] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the first type of random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal; or...
[0051] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the second type of random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0052] Optionally, triggering the first network node to forward the random access response message to the terminal includes:
[0053] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state;
[0054] The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
[0055] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0056] If no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a set time period, the first network node is triggered to switch to a silent state, in which the first network node does not forward signals.
[0057] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0058] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal with RIS or NCR present within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal without RIS or NCR present within the coverage area.
[0059] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0060] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a random access method, applied to a first network node, comprising:
[0061] A coverage signal is sent to the terminal, which is used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access.
[0062] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal is the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal by the network device.
[0063] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0064] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a terminal, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor;
[0065] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:
[0066] Receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal;
[0067] Based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, determine the target random access resource;
[0068] Based on the target random access resources, a random access is initiated to the network device.
[0069] Optionally, the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0070] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with a second type of random access resource.
[0071] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0072] Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined; or,
[0073] Based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
[0074] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0075] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0076] If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0077] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0078] Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type of the terminal is determined;
[0079] Based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
[0080] Optionally, determining the terminal type based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node includes:
[0081] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-type terminal; or,
[0082] If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
[0083] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0084] If the terminal is determined to be a first-type terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0085] If the terminal is determined to be a second type of terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0086] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes any one of the following:
[0087] If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0088] If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0089] If a second type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the second type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal; or,
[0090] If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
[0091] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on the synchronization signal detection count includes:
[0092] If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, a target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
[0093] Optionally, determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes:
[0094] If the detected synchronization signal is a first-type synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0095] If the detected synchronization signal is a second type of synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal.
[0096] Optionally, when determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal, determining the target random access resource includes:
[0097] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
[0098] Optionally, the random access resources include random access opportunities and / or random access preamble sequences.
[0099] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0100] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal with RIS or NCR present within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal without RIS or NCR present within the coverage area.
[0101] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0102] Optionally, the first type of terminal is a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal is a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
[0103] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a network device, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor;
[0104] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:
[0105] One or more synchronization signals are broadcast to the terminal, including a first type of synchronization signal that is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0106] Optionally, the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0107] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a first type of random access resource and a second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with a second type of random access resource.
[0108] Optionally, the operation further includes:
[0109] Based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0110] Optionally, sending a random access response message to the terminal based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access includes:
[0111] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the first type of random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal; or...
[0112] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the second type of random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0113] Optionally, triggering the first network node to forward the random access response message to the terminal includes:
[0114] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state;
[0115] The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
[0116] Optionally, the operation further includes:
[0117] If no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a set time period, the first network node is triggered to switch to a silent state, in which the first network node does not forward signals.
[0118] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0119] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal with RIS or NCR present within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal without RIS or NCR present within the coverage area.
[0120] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0121] Sixthly, embodiments of this application also provide a first network node, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor;
[0122] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:
[0123] A coverage signal is sent to the terminal, which is used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access.
[0124] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal is the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal by the network device.
[0125] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0126] Seventhly, embodiments of this application also provide a random access device, applied to a terminal, comprising:
[0127] A receiving unit is configured to receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, wherein the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0128] The determining unit is configured to determine a target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals;
[0129] The access unit is used to initiate random access to the network device based on the target random access resources.
[0130] Eighthly, embodiments of this application also provide a random access device, applied to a network device, comprising:
[0131] A broadcast unit is used to broadcast one or more synchronization signals to a terminal, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0132] Ninthly, embodiments of this application also provide a random access device, applied to a first network node, comprising:
[0133] The second sending unit is used to send a coverage signal to the terminal, the coverage signal being used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access.
[0134] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program configured to cause a computer to perform the random access method described in the first aspect, or the random access method described in the second aspect, or the random access method described in the third aspect.
[0135] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device, wherein the communication device stores a computer program, the computer program being used to cause the communication device to execute the random access method described in the first aspect, or the random access method described in the second aspect, or the random access method described in the third aspect.
[0136] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program configured to cause a processor to execute the random access method described in the first aspect, or the random access method described in the second aspect, or the random access method described in the third aspect.
[0137] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a chip product, wherein the chip product stores a computer program, the computer program being configured to cause the chip product to execute the random access method described in the first aspect, or the random access method described in the second aspect, or the random access method described in the third aspect.
[0138] The random access method, device, apparatus, and storage medium provided in this application associate one or more different types of PRACH resources through a first type of synchronization signal. The terminal can select the corresponding PRACH resource to initiate random access according to different situations, thereby reducing access resource competition among different UEs and helping to improve the fairness of UE access within the cell. Attached Figure Description
[0139] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0140] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic RIS-assisted enhanced coverage system provided for related technologies;
[0141] Figure 2 One of the flowcharts of the random access method provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0142] Figure 3 A second schematic flowchart of the random access method provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0143] Figure 4 The third flowchart illustrating the random access method provided in this application embodiment;
[0144] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a RIS-assisted wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0145] Figure 6 One of the schematic diagrams illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble sequences provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0146] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB and RO provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0147] Figure 8 The second schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble sequences provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0148] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between RIS SSB, RO, preamble sequences, and RIS states provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0149] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of PRACH time-domain resource configuration provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0150] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0151] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0152] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first network node provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0153] Figure 14 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the random access device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0154] Figure 15 A second schematic diagram of the structure of the random access device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0155] Figure 16 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the random access device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0156] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.
[0157] In the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.
[0158] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0159] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application, some technical content related to the various embodiments of this application will be introduced first.
[0160] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic RIS-assisted enhanced coverage system provided for related technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, when using a dynamic RIS (Radio Reflector) to assist the base station in enhancing coverage, especially in cell edges and blind spots, the signal emitted by the base station is mainly dynamically reflected / transmitted to the UE through the RIS, and the signal emitted by the UE also needs to be dynamically reflected / transmitted to the base station through the RIS. By dynamically adjusting the RIS to switch different states (beams), the signal emitted by the base station can be forwarded to different areas.
[0161] During the synchronization and random access phase, the base station transmits broadcast signals (such as SSB) in the downlink. UE1 and RIS receive the broadcast signals transmitted by the base station. At the same time, RIS switches between different states to forward the broadcast signals to UEs in different areas within the RIS's coverage area, for example... Figure 1UE2 in the example. During this process, for UEs within the same SSB coverage area, whether directly covered by the base station or covered by the RIS, random access is performed using the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) resource associated with the SSB. The broadcast signals sent by the base station in different RIS states are broadcast signals emitted from the same SSB beam. Therefore, the PRACH resource configuration information contained in all broadcast signals forwarded in all RIS states is the same. That is, all UEs within the RIS coverage area need to compete for the same PRACH opportunity. Simultaneously, UEs within the RIS coverage area also compete for the same PRACH opportunity with some UEs outside the RIS coverage area but within the base station coverage area. The so-called "some UEs outside the RIS coverage area but within the base station coverage area" refers to other UEs within the coverage area of the SSB covering that RIS that can directly access the base station, such as... Figure 1 UE1 in the context. This will cause RIS-covered UEs (such as...) Figure 1 The probability of UE2 accessing the base station is significantly lower than that of UEs directly covered by the base station (e.g., UE2 in the middle). Figure 1 UE1 in the middle).
[0162] To address the aforementioned issues, the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can effectively improve the access probability of UEs covered by RIS.
[0163] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the random access method provided in the embodiments of this application. This method can be applied to terminals, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0164] Step 200: Receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0165] Step 201: Determine the target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0166] Step 202: Initiate random access to the network device based on the target random access resources.
[0167] Specifically, the first network node can be a RIS, a Network Control Repeater (NCR), or other network nodes used to enhance coverage.
[0168] Synchronization signals can refer to other synchronization signals broadcast by the SSB or network devices (such as base stations). In this embodiment, synchronization signals can be classified according to whether a first network node exists within the coverage area. The first type of synchronization signal refers to a synchronization signal where a first network node exists within the coverage area, while the corresponding synchronization signal where a first network node does not exist within the coverage area can be called the second type of synchronization signal.
[0169] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0170] It should be noted that, for ease of discussion, the following text mainly uses the example of the first network node being RIS and the synchronization signal being SSB, but this does not represent a specific limitation on the various embodiments of this application. For example, the first type of synchronization signal can refer to an SSB with RIS within its coverage area, which can be called a RIS SSB. This SSB signal can be forwarded (reflected or transmitted) by the RIS to the UE within the RIS coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal can refer to an SSB without RIS within its coverage area, which can be called a regular SSB.
[0171] In this application embodiment, in order to improve the access probability of UEs covered by RIS, in one implementation, RIS SSB can be associated with multiple different types of random access resources (PRACH resources). In this way, different UEs within the coverage area of RIS SSB can select different PRACH resources to initiate random access according to different situations. For example, different PRACH resource sets can be defined. UEs covered by RIS can use one PRACH resource set, and UEs directly covered by the network device can use another PRACH resource set, avoiding different UEs competing for the same PRACH resources, thereby improving the access probability of UEs covered by RIS.
[0172] In one implementation, the RIS SSB can be associated with only one type of PRACH resource. This type of PRACH resource may be different from the PRACH resources associated with a regular SSB. UEs within the coverage area of the RIS SSB can use this one type of PRACH resource for random access. Optionally, the number of PRACH resources associated with the RIS SSB can be appropriately increased depending on the scenario to reduce access resource contention among UEs.
[0173] Optionally, random access resources (PRACH resources) may include random access opportunities (ROs) and / or random access preamble sequences. A terminal may select an RO for initiating random access based on the ROs and / or preamble sequences associated with one or more received synchronization signals, and transmit the selected preamble sequence to the network device on that RO.
[0174] In various embodiments of this application, the random access procedure may employ a 2-step random access or a 4-step random access.
[0175] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal can be associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal can be associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0176] Optionally, the first type of random access resource can be a random access resource for terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource can be a random access resource for terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0177] The random access method provided in this application associates one or more different types of PRACH resources through a first type of synchronization signal. The terminal can select the corresponding PRACH resource to initiate random access according to different situations, thereby reducing access resource competition among different UEs and helping to improve the fairness of UE access within the cell.
[0178] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0179] The target random access resource is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals; or,
[0180] The target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0181] Specifically, in one implementation, the first network node may have a signal transmission function. For example, the RIS may periodically send a coverage signal (which may be a single-tone signal). This coverage signal can be used to identify the UE covered by the RIS. For example, if the strength of the coverage signal received by the terminal from the RIS reaches a preset threshold, the terminal can determine that it is within the coverage range of the RIS, and the terminal can select the corresponding PRACH resource for random access accordingly.
[0182] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal sent by the first network node can be the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal sent by the network device. For example, the transmission period of the coverage signal sent by the RIS can be consistent with the transmission period of the SSB.
[0183] In another implementation, the terminal can determine the target random access resource for initiating random access based on the measurement results of the detected synchronization signal (such as Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP)) and predefined rules (such as selecting the appropriate PRACH resource based on the relationship between the measurement results and a preset signal strength threshold). In this case, it is not necessary for the first network node to send an overlay signal.
[0184] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0185] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0186] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0187] Specifically, taking the first network node as RIS and the synchronization signal as SSB as an example, the PRACH resources associated with the SSB are different depending on the SSB type. RIS SSBs can be associated with Type I random access resources and Type II random access resources, while regular SSBs can be associated with only Type II random access resources. Type I random access resources can be understood as PRACH resources specifically defined or configured for RISSSBs, distinct from the PRACH resources associated with regular SSBs.
[0188] In the above embodiment of determining the target random access resource based on the coverage signal, if the terminal determines that the measurement result of the coverage signal sent by the RIS is greater than or equal to a first threshold (for example, the RSRP of the coverage signal is greater than or equal to a certain preset threshold), then the terminal may be within the coverage range of the RIS, and the terminal can determine the target random access resource from the first type of random access resources associated with the SSB covering the RIS.
[0189] If the terminal determines that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal sent by the RIS is less than the first threshold (for example, the RSRP of the coverage signal is less than a certain preset threshold), the terminal may not be within the coverage range of the RIS. The terminal can determine the target random access resource from the second type of random access resources associated with the regular SSB.
[0190] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0191] The terminal type is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node;
[0192] The target random access resource is determined based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0193] Specifically, in the above embodiment of determining target random access resources based on coverage signals, the terminal may first determine which type of terminal it belongs to based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, and then select the corresponding random access resources according to the terminal type.
[0194] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type is determined, including:
[0195] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-class terminal; or,
[0196] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than the first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
[0197] Optionally, the first type of terminal can be a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal can be a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
[0198] Specifically, taking RIS coverage signal transmission as an example, UEs can be divided into two types based on RIS coverage.
[0199] If the terminal determines that the measurement result of the coverage signal sent by the RIS is greater than or equal to a first threshold (e.g., the RSRP of the coverage signal is greater than or equal to a certain preset threshold), then the terminal may be within the coverage area of the RIS, and can be identified as a first-type terminal. This first-type terminal can be understood as a UE covered by the RIS, for example... Figure 1 UE2 in the middle.
[0200] If the terminal determines that it has not detected a coverage signal or the measurement result of the coverage signal sent by the RIS is less than a first threshold (e.g., the RSRP of the coverage signal is less than a certain preset threshold), then the terminal may not be within the coverage area of the RIS. This terminal can be classified as a second-type terminal. This second-type terminal can be understood as a UE directly covered by the network device, such as... Figure 1 UE1 in the middle.
[0201] Optionally, based on the terminal type and one or more random access resources associated with synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0202] If the terminal is determined to be a Type I terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0203] If the terminal is determined to be a Type II terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal or the Type II synchronization signal.
[0204] Specifically, taking the first network node as RIS and the synchronization signal as SSB as an example, the RIS SSB is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, while the regular SSB is associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0205] If a terminal determines that it is a Type I terminal based on the coverage signal of the RIS, then the terminal can determine the target random access resource from the Type I random access resources associated with the RIS SSB covering the RIS.
[0206] For the second type of terminal, the terminal can determine the target random access resource from the second type of random access resources associated with the regular SSB.
[0207] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, including any of the following:
[0208] If a first-type synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first-type synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0209] If a Type I synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the Type I synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, then the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0210] If a Type II synchronization signal is detected and the measurement result of the Type II synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal; or,
[0211] If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
[0212] Specifically, in the above embodiment of determining the target random access resource based on the measurement results of the synchronization signal, the terminal can monitor the synchronization signal broadcast by the network device. Taking SSB as an example, when the SSB signal is detected, the measurement result of the SSB signal (such as RSRP) is measured and obtained. Based on the measurement result and the predefined rules, the target random access resource for initiating random access is determined.
[0213] For example, when a terminal detects an SSB but the measurement result does not meet a preset threshold condition, the number of SSB detections will be counted, and the SSB signal will continue to be monitored to determine the target random access resource. When the SSB measurement result meets the preset threshold condition, the target random access resource can be determined from the random access resources associated with the SSB, and the SSB detection count will be reset to zero. In one embodiment, the predefined rule for determining the target random access resource based on the SSB measurement result is as follows.
[0214] (1) When the UE detects a RIS SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the UE determines the target random access resource from the second type of random access resources associated with the RIS SSB and clears the SSB detection count to zero.
[0215] (2) When the UE detects a RIS SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is greater than or equal to the third threshold and less than the second threshold, the UE determines the target random access resource from the first type of random access resources associated with the RIS SSB and clears the SSB detection count to zero.
[0216] (3) When the UE detects a regular SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is greater than or equal to the third threshold, the UE determines the target random access resource from the second type of random access resources associated with the regular SSB and clears the SSB detection count to zero.
[0217] (4) When the UE detects a regular SSB or RIS SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is less than the third threshold, the UE can determine the target random access resource based on the current SSB detection count. For example, the target random access resource is selected only when the current SSB detection count is greater than a certain value; otherwise, the UE continues to monitor the SSB signal to determine the target random access resource.
[0218] It should be noted that in each embodiment of this application, the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold can be set according to actual needs, and their specific values are not limited.
[0219] In one possible implementation, the third threshold can be the RSRP value of the SSB signal that satisfies a certain UE random access probability (excluding random access caused by other contention conflicts), and the second threshold can be the RSRP value of the SSB signal received by users in the cell center, meaning that users who meet the second threshold are generally located in the cell center area. Therefore, the second threshold is significantly larger than the third threshold.
[0220] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count, including:
[0221] If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
[0222] Specifically, when a UE detects a regular SSB or RIS SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is less than a third threshold, the UE can determine the target random access resource based on the current SSB detection count. For example, if the terminal determines that the current SSB detection count is greater than a first value, the terminal can determine the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected regular SSB or RIS SSB. The first value can be set according to the actual situation and is not limited.
[0223] Optionally, the first value can be equal to 2.
[0224] Optionally, determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes:
[0225] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type I synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0226] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type II synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal.
[0227] Specifically, RIS SSB is associated with Type I random access resources and Type II random access resources, while regular SSB is associated with Type II random access resources.
[0228] When a UE detects a RIS SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is less than a third threshold, the SSB detection count is checked. If the SSB detection count is greater than a first value, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the RIS SSB, and the SSB detection count is reset to zero. In one possible implementation, if no RAR message is detected in the Random Access Response (RAR) detection window after using the target random access resource for random access, the terminal can choose another type of random access resource for random access.
[0229] When a UE detects a regular SSB and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is less than a third threshold, the SSB detection count is checked. If the SSB detection count is greater than a first value, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with that regular SSB, and the SSB detection count is reset to zero. In one possible implementation, if no RAR message is detected in the RAR detection window after using the target random access resource for random access, the terminal can choose another type of random access resource for random access.
[0230] When a UE detects a regular SSB or RIS SSB, and its measurement result (e.g., RSRP) is less than the third threshold, and the SSB detection count is less than or equal to the first value, the terminal can first not select a target random access resource, but instead increment the SSB detection count by 1 and continue to monitor the SSB signal to determine the target random access resource.
[0231] Optionally, when determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal, determining the target random access resource includes:
[0232] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
[0233] Specifically, taking the first network node as RIS as an example, RIS has multiple states, corresponding to multiple RIS beams, which can cover different RIS service areas (such as blind spots, cell edges, etc.).
[0234] In this embodiment, different RIS states can map different random access resources (such as different RO and / or preamble sequences), and different RIS states can also map different radio frames (such as frame numbers or subframe numbers). Thus, when the terminal determines the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the RIS SSB, it can determine the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the RIS SSB based on the association between the RIS state and the random access resource, and / or the association between the RIS state and the radio frame.
[0235] For example, different RIS states are associated with different ROs. Suppose that the terminal determines the target random access resource from the first type of random access resource associated with the RIS SSB, the terminal can select the corresponding RO to initiate random access based on the current RIS state.
[0236] For example, different RIS states are associated with different frame numbers. Suppose that the terminal determines the target random access resource from the first type of random access resource associated with the RIS SSB, then the terminal can select the RO contained in the radio frame to initiate random access based on the radio frame associated with the current RIS state.
[0237] Optionally, the network device can send the status information (such as the RIS status identifier) of the RIS within the coverage area of the RIS SSB to the terminal via the RIS SSB.
[0238] Optionally, if the network device does not send RIS status information to the terminal, the terminal may also attempt to initiate random access on random access resources associated with different RIS states, and indirectly determine the current RIS state based on the RAR detection results of random access requests initiated on different random access resources in the RAR detection window.
[0239] Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating the random access method provided in this application embodiment. This method can be applied to network devices (e.g., base stations), such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0240] Step 300: Broadcast one or more synchronization signals to the terminal, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0241] Specifically, the first network node can be a RIS, NCR, or other network node used to enhance coverage.
[0242] Synchronization signals can refer to other synchronization signals broadcast by the SSB or network devices. In this embodiment, synchronization signals can be classified according to whether a first network node exists within the coverage area. The first type of synchronization signal refers to a synchronization signal where a first network node exists within the coverage area, while the corresponding synchronization signal where a first network node does not exist within the coverage area can be called the second type of synchronization signal.
[0243] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0244] It should be noted that, for ease of discussion, the following text mainly uses the example of the first network node being RIS and the synchronization signal being SSB, but this does not represent a specific limitation on the various embodiments of this application. For example, the first type of synchronization signal can refer to an SSB with RIS within its coverage area, which can be called a RIS SSB. This SSB signal can be forwarded (reflected or transmitted) by the RIS to the UE within the RIS coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal can refer to an SSB without RIS within its coverage area, which can be called a regular SSB.
[0245] In this application embodiment, in order to improve the access probability of UEs covered by RIS, in one implementation, RIS SSB can be associated with multiple different types of random access resources (PRACH resources). In this way, different UEs within the coverage area of RIS SSB can select different PRACH resources to initiate random access according to different situations. For example, different PRACH resource sets can be defined. UEs covered by RIS can use one PRACH resource set, and UEs directly covered by the network device can use another PRACH resource set, avoiding different UEs competing for the same PRACH resources, thereby improving the access probability of UEs covered by RIS.
[0246] In one implementation, the RIS SSB can be associated with only one type of PRACH resource. This type of PRACH resource may be different from the PRACH resources associated with a regular SSB. UEs within the coverage area of the RIS SSB can use this one type of PRACH resource for random access. Optionally, the number of PRACH resources associated with the RIS SSB can be appropriately increased depending on the scenario to reduce access resource contention among UEs.
[0247] Optionally, the random access resource (PRACH resource) may include ROs and / or random access preamble sequences. The terminal may select an RO for initiating random access based on ROs and / or preamble sequences associated with one or more received synchronization signals, and transmit the selected preamble sequence to the network device on that RO.
[0248] In various embodiments of this application, the random access procedure may employ a 2-step random access or a 4-step random access.
[0249] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal can be associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal can be associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0250] Optionally, the first type of random access resource can be a random access resource for terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource can be a random access resource for terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0251] The random access method provided in this application associates one or more different types of PRACH resources with a first type of synchronization signal, enabling the terminal to select the corresponding PRACH resource to initiate random access according to different situations. This reduces access resource competition among different UEs and helps improve the fairness of UE access within the cell.
[0252] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0253] Based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0254] Specifically, taking the first network node as RIS and the synchronization signal as SSB as an example, the PRACH resources associated with the SSB are different depending on the SSB type. RIS SSBs can be associated with Type I random access resources and Type II random access resources, while regular SSBs can be associated with only Type II random access resources. Type I random access resources can be understood as PRACH resources specifically defined or configured for RISSSBs, distinct from the PRACH resources associated with regular SSBs.
[0255] In this embodiment of the application, the network device can determine whether the terminal is within the coverage area of the RIS based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, thereby determining the method of sending a random access response message to the terminal.
[0256] Optionally, based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal, including:
[0257] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type I random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward the random access response message to the terminal; or,
[0258] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type II random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0259] Specifically, if the network device determines that the terminal initiates random access using Type I random access resources, the network device judges that the terminal may be a UE covered by RIS. The network device can trigger RIS to forward RAR messages to the terminal. Subsequently, various messages sent by the network device to the terminal (such as msg4 in the random access process) can be forwarded through RIS.
[0260] If the network device determines that the terminal initiates random access using Type 2 random access resources, the network device judges that the terminal may be a UE directly covered by the network device. The network device may not need to trigger RIS, but can directly send a RAR message to the terminal.
[0261] Optionally, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal, including:
[0262] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state;
[0263] The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
[0264] Specifically, taking the first network node as RIS as an example, RIS has multiple states, corresponding to multiple RIS beams, which can cover different RIS service areas (such as blind spots, cell edges, etc.).
[0265] In this embodiment, different RIS states can map different random access resources (such as different RO and / or preamble sequences), and different RIS states can also map different radio frames (such as frame numbers or subframe numbers). Thus, when the terminal determines the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the RIS SSB, it can determine the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the RIS SSB based on the association between the RIS state and the random access resource, and / or the association between the RIS state and the radio frame.
[0266] After receiving a random access request from a terminal, the network device can determine the state in which the RIS will cover the terminal based on the association between the RIS state and the random access resources, and / or the association between the RIS state and the radio frame, through the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access. This state can be represented as the first state. The network device can then trigger the RIS to switch to the first state and forward the RAR message to the terminal through the RIS.
[0267] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0268] If no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a set time period, the first network node is triggered to switch to a silent state, in which the first network node does not forward signals.
[0269] Specifically, since the RIS state is associated with random access resources and / or radio frames, network devices can schedule RIS based on this association.
[0270] For example, a network device detects whether any terminal initiates random access using PRACH resources associated with a certain RIS (or RIS state) within a certain period of time. If no terminal initiates random access using PRACH resources associated with that RIS (or RIS state) within a predefined time period, the network device can adjust that RIS to a silent state (invisible or no longer undergoing phase modulation, equivalent to environmental objects such as metal plates, glass, or walls). At this time, the RIS will no longer forward broadcast signals emitted by the network device.
[0271] A RIS in a silent state can be shut down by network devices as needed (i.e., woken up to work), or shut down at a set time.
[0272] Figure 4 This is the third flowchart illustrating the random access method provided in the embodiments of this application. This method can be applied to a first network node, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0273] Step 400: Send an overlay signal to the terminal. The overlay signal is used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access.
[0274] Specifically, the first network node can be a RIS, NCR, or other network node used to enhance coverage.
[0275] In one implementation, the first network node may have a signal transmission function. For example, the RIS may periodically send a coverage signal (which may be a single-tone signal). This coverage signal can be used to identify the UE covered by the RIS. For example, if the strength of the coverage signal received by the terminal from the RIS reaches a preset threshold, the terminal can determine that it is within the coverage area of the RIS, and the terminal can select the corresponding random access resource for random access accordingly.
[0276] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal sent by the first network node can be the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal sent by the network device. For example, the transmission period of the coverage signal sent by the RIS can be consistent with the transmission period of the SSB.
[0277] Optionally, taking the first network node as an example, the RIS can have multiple states, corresponding to multiple RIS beams, and can cover different RIS service areas (such as blind spots, cell edges, etc.).
[0278] In this embodiment, different RIS states can map to different random access resources (such as different RO and / or preamble sequences), and different RIS states can also map to different radio frames (such as frame numbers or subframe numbers). After receiving a random access request from a terminal, the network device can adjust the RIS to the corresponding state based on the association between the RIS state and the random access resources, and / or the association between the RIS state and the radio frame, through the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, so as to send a RAR message to the terminal. Therefore, the first network node needs to switch states according to the instructions of the network device or a preset time.
[0279] The methods provided in the various embodiments of this application are based on the same concept, so the implementation of each method can be referred to each other, and repeated parts will not be described again.
[0280] The methods provided in the above embodiments of this application are illustrated below through specific application scenarios.
[0281] Example 1: Send RIS coverage signal, 4-step random access, each RO corresponds to one or more SSBs.
[0282] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a RIS-assisted wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5As shown, in this system, one base station and four RISs jointly cover one cell. The SSB burst set of the cell covered by the base station contains eight SSBs, four of which are RIS SSBs, pointing to RIS1 to RIS4 respectively. Each RIS has a controller, which is controlled by the network side (base station). The RIS controller has a simple signal transmission function and can send a single-tone signal for UE detection to determine whether it is a RIS-covered UE.
[0283] Depending on the SSB type, the PRACH resources associated with the SSB also differ. The PRACH resource configuration information for a regular SSB only includes regular PRACH resources; the PRACH resource configuration information for a RIS-specific SSB includes both regular PRACH resources and / or RIS-specific PRACH resources. Regular PRACH resources refer to RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by regular UEs (i.e., UEs directly covered by the base station), while RIS-specific PRACH resources refer to RIS-specific RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by RIS-covered UEs (i.e., UEs covered by RIS).
[0284] The type of each SSB is known to both the network and the UE. Optionally, the base station can also inform the UE of the SSB type. SSB scanning is performed according to predefined rules for both types of SSBs.
[0285] When the base station sends a RIS SSB, the RIS switches states to forward the SSB according to predefined rules.
[0286] Assuming each RO corresponds to N = 4 SSBs, and each RO contains the following number of preambles: The number of preambles for contention-based access (CBRA) for each regular SSB is R = 6, the number of preambles for contention-based access for regular UEs is R1 = 6, and the number of preambles for contention-based access for RIS-covered UEs is R2 = 4. The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0287] Implementation process 1: UE-side process.
[0288] Step 0: The UE detects the RIS coverage signal. Based on whether a RIS coverage signal is detected and whether the detected RIS coverage signal meets preset conditions (such as RSRP being greater than a first threshold), it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE; otherwise, it is a regular UE. Specifically:
[0289] If the UE is covered by RIS, continue with the following steps:
[0290] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with the SSB.
[0291] Step 2: Based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format, and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), the UE selects one or more ROs and / or preambles from the RIS-specific RO and / or preamble sequence subset, generates a PRACH preamble sequence, and transmits the random access preamble sequence on the selected RIS-specific PRACH time and frequency resources. Figure 6 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble sequences provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, CBRA1 is the preamble sequence for regular UE contention access, CBRA2 is the preamble sequence for RIS-covered UE contention access, and CFRA is the preamble sequence for non-contention access.
[0292] Step 3: The UE detects RAR messages within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and grants uplink scheduling permission for the transmission of Message 3 (msg3) for scheduling the UE. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0293] Step 4: The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0294] Step 5: The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 (msg4) on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0295] If it is a regular UE, continue with the following steps:
[0296] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, determines the SSB type, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with that SSB. If it is a RIS SSB, the PRACH resource configuration information selects a regular RO and / or a subset of preamble sequences. If it is a regular SSB, no selection is required.
[0297] Step 2': The UE generates a PRACH preamble sequence based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), and sends the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time and frequency resources.
[0298] Step 3': The UE detects RAR messages within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0299] Step 4': The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0300] Step 5': The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0301] Note: In the above process, the UE type is used as the criterion for determining the subsequent behavior of the UE. The order of step0 and step1 (or Step1') does not need to be sequential, as long as step0 and step1 (or Step1') are completed before step2.
[0302] Implementation Process 2: Network Side Process.
[0303] Step 1: The network side performs an SSB scan and sends two types of SSBs (regular SSB and RIS SSB) according to the defined rules, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 is known to both the network side and the UE side.
[0304] Table 1 SSB Burst Set List
[0305] 0 Standard SSB 1 RIS SSB 2 Standard SSB 3 Standard SSB 4 RIS SSB 5 RIS SSB 6 Standard SSB 7 RIS SSB
[0306] Step 2: The network side detects the preamble sequence sent by the UE on the predefined uplink PRACH resources. If the base station detects the preamble sequence, it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE based on the RO and / or preamble sequence selected by the UE. If it is a RIS-covered UE, it feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH, and simultaneously triggers the RIS to forward the RAR message to the UE. If it is a regular UE, it directly feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH.
[0307] Step 3: The base station receives and parses the UE identifier contained in message 3, and then sends message 4 on the PDSCH. If the UE is covered by RIS, it also needs to trigger RIS to forward message 4 to the UE.
[0308] Implementation process 3: RIS side process.
[0309] Step 0: The RIS transmits RIS coverage signals according to a predefined period.
[0310] Step 1: The RIS switches states according to trigger signals (such as preset time, base station control signaling, etc.) and forwards the SSB sent by the base station.
[0311] Step 2: RIS forwards Msg1 sent by UE.
[0312] Step 3: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards the Msg2 (RAR message) sent by the base station.
[0313] Step 4: RIS forwards Msg3 sent by UE.
[0314] Step 5: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards Msg4 sent by the base station.
[0315] Example 2: Send RIS coverage signal, 4-step random access, each SSB corresponds to multiple ROs.
[0316] by Figure 5 The illustrated RIS-assisted wireless communication system is described below. In this system, one base station and four RISs jointly cover a cell. The SSB burst set of the cell covered by the base station contains eight SSBs, four of which are RIS SSBs, pointing to RIS1 through RIS4 respectively. Each RIS has a controller, which is controlled by the network side (base station). The RIS controller has a simple signal transmission function and can send single-tone signals for UE detection to determine whether a UE is covered by the RIS.
[0317] Depending on the SSB type, the PRACH resources associated with the SSB also differ. The PRACH resource configuration information for a regular SSB only includes regular PRACH resources; the PRACH resource configuration information for a RIS-specific SSB includes both regular PRACH resources and / or RIS-specific PRACH resources. Regular PRACH resources refer to RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by regular UEs (i.e., UEs directly covered by the base station), while RIS-specific PRACH resources refer to RIS-specific RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by RIS-covered UEs (i.e., UEs covered by RIS).
[0318] The type of each SSB is known to both the network and the UE. Optionally, the base station can also inform the UE of the SSB type. SSB scanning is performed according to predefined rules for both types of SSBs.
[0319] When the base station sends a RIS SSB, the RIS switches states to forward the SSB according to predefined rules.
[0320] Assume each RO corresponds to N = 1 / 4 SSBs, meaning each SSB corresponds to 4 consecutive ROs. Of the 4 ROs corresponding to each RIS SSB, the first k = 2 are used for regular UE access, and the last 4 - k = 2 are used for RIS-covered UE access. All ROs corresponding to a regular SSB are used for regular UE access. The number of preambles contained in each RO is... The number of preambles for contention-based access (CBRA) for each regular SSB is R = 6. The number of preambles for contention-based access in the RO for regular UE access for each RIS SSB is R1 = 6. The number of preambles for contention-based access in the RO for RIS covered UE access is R2 = 6.
[0321] Example 2 follows the same process as Example 1, except for the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB and RO provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 The relationship between RO and SSB is illustrated using SSB0 (conventional SSB) and SSB1 (RIS SSB) as examples.
[0322] At this point, for a regular SSB (SSB 0), its mapping relationship is consistent with that specified in the existing New Radio (NR) system. For a RIS SSB (SSB 1), of its four associated ROs, RO0 to RO1 are used for regular UE access, and RO2 to RO3 are used for RIS-covered UE access. The number of preambles used for contention access within each RO can be the same as, or different from, the number of preambles used for contention access corresponding to each RO associated with the regular SSB.
[0323] Example 3: Send RIS coverage signal, 4-step random access, each SSB corresponds to multiple ROs.
[0324] by Figure 5 The illustrated RIS-assisted wireless communication system is described below. In this system, one base station and four RISs jointly cover a cell. The SSB burst set of the cell covered by the base station contains eight SSBs, four of which are RIS SSBs, pointing to RIS1 through RIS4 respectively. Each RIS has a controller, which is controlled by the network side (base station). The RIS controller has a simple signal transmission function and can send single-tone signals for UE detection to determine whether a UE is covered by the RIS.
[0325] Depending on the SSB type, the PRACH resources associated with the SSB also differ. The PRACH resource configuration information for a regular SSB only includes regular PRACH resources; the PRACH resource configuration information for a RIS-specific SSB includes both regular PRACH resources and / or RIS-specific PRACH resources. Regular PRACH resources refer to RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by regular UEs (i.e., UEs directly covered by the base station), while RIS-specific PRACH resources refer to RIS-specific RO and / or preamble sequences used for access by RIS-covered UEs (i.e., UEs covered by RIS).
[0326] The type of each SSB is known to both the network and the UE. Optionally, the base station can also inform the UE of the SSB type. SSB scanning is performed according to predefined rules for both types of SSBs.
[0327] When the base station sends a RIS SSB, the RIS switches states to forward the SSB according to predefined rules.
[0328] Assume each RO corresponds to N = 1 / 4 SSBs, meaning each SSB corresponds to 4 consecutive ROs. Of the 4 ROs corresponding to each RIS SSB, all ROs can be used for access by both regular UEs and RIS-covered UEs. All ROs corresponding to a regular SSB are used for access by regular UEs. The number of preambles contained in each RO is... The number of preambles for contention-based access (CBRA) for each regular SSB is R = 6. The number of preambles for contention-based access in the RO for regular UE access for each RIS SSB is R1 = 6. The number of preambles for contention-based access in the RO for RIS covered UE access is R2 = 6.
[0329] Example 3 follows the same process as Examples 1 and 2, except for the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble. Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble sequences provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 The diagram uses SSB0 (regular SSB) and SSB1 (RIS SSB) as examples to illustrate the relationship between ROs and SSBs. CBRA1 is the preamble sequence for regular UE contention access, CBRA2 is the preamble sequence for RIS-covered UE contention access, and CFRA is the preamble sequence for non-contention access. The diagram only shows examples of the mapping relationship between the first RO of SSB0 and the first RO of SSB1 and the preamble sequence; other ROs are similar to the first RO.
[0330] At this point, for the regular SSB (SSB 0), its mapping relationship is consistent with that specified in the existing NR system. For the RIS SSB (SSB 1), among its four associated ROs, the first 1 to 5 preamble sequences of each RO are used for contention access by regular UEs, and the 6th to 11th preamble sequences are used for contention access by RIS-covered UEs. The preamble used for regular UEs and the preamble used for RIS-covered UEs can be generated from different m-sequences.
[0331] Example 4: Send RIS coverage signal, 4-step random access, each SSB corresponds to multiple ROs.
[0332] Example 2 uses different ROs as access resources for different UEs, while Example 3 uses different preamble sequences as access resources for different UEs. The two differentiation methods can be combined to differentiate the access resources of different UEs through different ROs and / or different preambles, thereby reducing access contention.
[0333] Example 5: No RIS overlay signal is sent.
[0334] The steps mentioned in Examples 1 to 4 require the RIS to send a RIS coverage signal, and the UE to detect the RIS coverage signal to determine whether the UE is a RIS coverage UE.
[0335] When the RIS lacks simple signal transmission capabilities and cannot transmit RIS coverage signals, the RIS SSB coverage area does not distinguish UE characteristics, i.e., it does not determine whether a UE is a RIS-covered UE or a regular UE. In this case, UEs within the RIS SSB coverage area are collectively referred to as RIS-direction UEs. The RO and / or preamble associated with the RIS SSB are RIS-specific RO and / or preamble sequences, and all RIS-direction UEs can use these sequences for access. The specific steps are as follows (still based on...). Figure 5 The RIS-assisted wireless communication system shown in Table 1 is used as an example for illustration.
[0336] Implementation process 1: UE-side process.
[0337] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with the SSB.
[0338] Step 2: Based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format, and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), the UE generates a PRACH preamble sequence and sends the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time and frequency resources (which may be RIS specific or regular).
[0339] Step 3: The UE detects the RAR message within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0340] Step 4: The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0341] Step 5: The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0342] Implementation Process 2: Network Side Process.
[0343] Step 1: The network side performs an SSB scan and sends two types of SSBs according to the defined rules.
[0344] Step 2: The network detects the preamble sequence sent by the UE on predefined uplink PRACH resources. If the base station detects the preamble sequence, it determines whether the UE is a RIS-direction UE based on the RO and / or preamble sequence selected by the UE. If it is a RIS-direction UE, it feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH and triggers the RIS to forward the RAR message to the UE. If it is a regular UE, it directly feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH.
[0345] Step 3: The base station receives and parses the UE identifier contained in message 3, and then sends message 4 on the PDSCH. If it is a RISdirection UE, it also needs to trigger RIS to forward message 4 to the UE.
[0346] Implementation process 3: RIS side process.
[0347] Step 1: The RIS switches states according to trigger signals (such as preset time, base station control signaling, etc.) and forwards the SSB sent by the base station.
[0348] Step 2: RIS forwards Msg1 sent by UE.
[0349] Step 3: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards the Msg2 (RAR message) sent by the base station.
[0350] Step 4: RIS forwards Msg3 sent by UE.
[0351] Step 5: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards Msg4 sent by the base station.
[0352] Example 6: 2-step random access.
[0353] The original four-step random access process merges the two uplink channels Msg1 and Msg3 into a new MsgA, and the two downlink channels Msg2 and Msg4 into a new MsgB. The entire random access process is simplified to only two steps, i.e., a two-step random access process. This process can be combined with any of the above embodiments to change the four-step random access in the above embodiments into a two-step random access. Taking embodiment 5 as an example, the specific process is as follows:
[0354] Implementation process 1: UE-side process.
[0355] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with the SSB.
[0356] Step 2: The UE generates a PRACH preamble sequence based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), and sends Msg A on the selected PRACH time and frequency resources (which may be RIS specific or regular).
[0357] Step 3: The UE detects Msg B within the RAR window, obtains the UE uplink timing advance and contention resolution message and decodes it. After the contention is successfully resolved, random access is completed.
[0358] Implementation Process 2: Network Side Process.
[0359] Step 1: The network side performs an SSB scan and sends two types of SSBs according to the defined rules.
[0360] Step 2: The network detects Msg A sent by the UE on predefined uplink PRACH resources. If the base station detects Msg A, it determines whether the UE is a RIS-direction UE based on the RO and / or preamble sequence selected by the UE. If it is a RIS-direction UE, it feeds back the corresponding Msg B on the PDCCH / PDSCH and triggers the RIS to forward the RAR message to the UE. If it is a regular UE, it directly feeds back the corresponding Msg B on the PDCCH / PDSCH.
[0361] Implementation process 3: RIS side process.
[0362] Step 1: The RIS switches states according to trigger signals (such as preset time, base station control signaling, etc.) and forwards the SSB sent by the base station.
[0363] Step 2: RIS forwards Msg A sent by UE.
[0364] Step 3: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards the Msg B sent by the base station.
[0365] Example 7: Multi-beam random access, RIS state associated with RO.
[0366] High-frequency bands have narrow beams, requiring more beams to achieve cell coverage. Uplink and downlink beam scanning and alignment can be performed during random access.
[0367] The beam scanning and alignment process for a conventional SSB is consistent with existing technologies. This section primarily describes the differences in the multi-beam process for RIS SSBs. For RIS SSBs, the multi-beam random access process may also need to consider RIS state switching. Assuming the RIS has four states, different ROs and / or different preamble sequences can be used to correspond to different RIS states. The base station includes the RIS state information in the SSB it sends.
[0368] Taking Example 2 as an example, according to Figure 7 As shown, the RIS SSB is associated with four consecutive ROs, and each RO is associated with a RIS state. For example, RO0 corresponds to RIS state 0, RO1 corresponds to RIS state 1, and so on. Therefore, the multi-beam random access process is as follows:
[0369] Implementation process 1: UE-side process.
[0370] Step 0: The UE detects the RIS coverage signal. Based on whether a RIS coverage signal is detected and whether the detected RIS coverage signal meets preset conditions (such as RSRP being greater than a first threshold), it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE; otherwise, it is a regular UE. Specifically:
[0371] If the UE is covered by RIS, continue with the following steps:
[0372] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information and RIS status information associated with the SSB.
[0373] Step 2: Based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indices, PRACH time-frequency resources, PRACH preamble format, and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), the UE selects an RO associated with the RIS state from the RIS-specific RO subset, selects a preamble associated with that RO, generates a PRACH preamble sequence, and transmits the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time-frequency resources. The mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.
[0374] For a regular SSB (SSB 0), its mapping relationship is consistent with that specified in the existing NR system. For a RIS SSB (SSB1), of its four associated ROs, RO0 to RO1 are used for regular UE access, and RO2 to RO3 are used for RIS coverage UE access. The number of preambles used for contention access within each RO can be the same as or different from the number of preambles used for contention access corresponding to each RO associated with the regular SSB.
[0375] Step 3: The UE detects the RAR message within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0376] Step 4: The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0377] Step 5: The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0378] If it is a regular UE, continue with the following steps:
[0379] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, determines the SSB type, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with that SSB. If it is a RIS SSB, the PRACH resource configuration information selects a regular RO and / or a subset of preamble sequences. If it is a regular SSB, no selection is required.
[0380] Step 2': The UE generates a PRACH preamble sequence based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), and sends the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time and frequency resources.
[0381] Step 3': The UE detects RAR messages within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0382] Step 4': The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0383] Step 5': The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0384] Implementation Process 2: Network Side Process.
[0385] Step 1: The network side performs an SSB scan and sends two types of SSBs (regular SSB and RIS SSB) according to the defined rules, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 is known to both the network side and the UE side.
[0386] Step 2: The network side detects the preamble sequence sent by the UE on the predefined uplink PRACH resources. If the base station detects the preamble sequence, it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE based on the RO selected by the UE and / or the preamble sequence. If it is a RIS-covered UE, it feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH, and simultaneously triggers the RIS to switch to the RIS state associated with the RO, forwarding the RAR message to the UE. If it is a regular UE, it directly feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH.
[0387] Step 3: The base station receives and parses the UE identifier contained in message 3, and then sends message 4 on the PDSCH. If the UE is covered by RIS, it also needs to trigger RIS to forward message 4 to the UE.
[0388] Implementation process 3: RIS side process.
[0389] Step 0: The RIS transmits RIS coverage signals according to a predefined period.
[0390] Step 1: The RIS switches states according to trigger signals (such as preset time, base station control signaling, etc.) and forwards the SSB sent by the base station.
[0391] Step 2: RIS forwards Msg1 sent by UE.
[0392] Step 3: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards the Msg2 (RAR message) sent by the base station.
[0393] Step 4: RIS forwards Msg3 sent by UE.
[0394] Step 5: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards Msg4 sent by the base station.
[0395] Example 8: Multi-beam random access, RIS state association preamble.
[0396] High-frequency bands have narrow beams, requiring more beams to achieve cell coverage. Uplink and downlink beam scanning and alignment can be performed during random access.
[0397] The beam scanning and alignment process for a conventional SSB is consistent with existing technologies. This section primarily describes the differences in the multi-beam process for RIS SSBs. For RIS SSBs, the multi-beam random access process may also need to consider RIS state switching. Assuming the RIS has four states, different ROs and / or different preamble sequences can be used to correspond to different RIS states. The base station includes the RIS state information in the SSB it sends.
[0398] Taking Example 2 as an example, according to Figure 7 As shown, the RIS SSB is associated with 4 consecutive ROs, and each RO is associated with 64 preamble sequences. For ease of explanation, the number of preamble sequences used for CBRA2 is modified to 8, with each RIS state corresponding to 2 preamble sequences. The number of preamble sequences used for CBRA1 remains 6. Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the mapping relationship between RIS SSB, RO, preamble sequences, and RIS states, as provided in this embodiment of the application. The multi-beam random access process is as follows:
[0399] Implementation process 1: UE-side process.
[0400] Step 0: The UE detects the RIS coverage signal. Based on whether a RIS coverage signal is detected and whether the detected RIS coverage signal meets preset conditions (such as RSRP being greater than a first threshold), it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE; otherwise, it is a regular UE. Specifically:
[0401] If the UE is covered by RIS, continue with the following steps:
[0402] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information and RIS status information associated with the SSB.
[0403] Step 2: Based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indices, PRACH time-frequency resources, PRACH preamble format, and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), the UE selects an RO from the RIS-specific RO subset, and selects the preamble sequence associated with that RIS state on that RO, generates a PRACH preamble sequence, and transmits the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time-frequency resources. The mapping relationship between RIS SSB, RO, RIS state, and preamble sequence is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.
[0404] Step 3: The UE detects the RAR message within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0405] Step 4: The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0406] Step 5: The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0407] If it is a regular UE, continue with the following steps:
[0408] Step 1: The UE receives the SSB, performs downlink synchronization, determines the SSB type, and obtains the PRACH resource configuration information associated with that SSB. If it is a RIS SSB, the PRACH resource configuration information selects a regular RO and / or a subset of preamble sequences. If it is a regular SSB, no selection is required.
[0409] Step 2': The UE generates a PRACH preamble sequence based on the obtained information (PRACH resource configuration information includes: the set of SSB indexes, PRACH time and frequency resources, PRACH preamble format and parameters of the PRACH preamble sequence set), and sends the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time and frequency resources.
[0410] Step 3': The UE detects RAR messages within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for UE message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0411] Step 4': The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0412] Step 5': The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0413] Implementation Process 2: Network Side Process.
[0414] Step 1: The network side performs an SSB scan and sends two types of SSBs (regular SSB and RIS SSB) according to the defined rules, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 is known to both the network side and the UE side.
[0415] Step 2: The network detects the preamble sequence sent by the UE on predefined uplink PRACH resources. If the base station detects the preamble sequence, it determines whether the UE is a RIS-covered UE based on the RO and / or preamble sequence selected by the UE. If it is a RIS-covered UE, it feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH, and simultaneously triggers the RIS to switch to the RIS state associated with the RO and / or preamble, forwarding the RAR message to the UE. If it is a regular UE, it directly feeds back the corresponding Random Access Response (RAR) message on the PDCCH / PDSCH.
[0416] Step 3: The base station receives and parses the UE identifier contained in message 3, and then sends message 4 on the PDSCH. If the UE is covered by RIS, it also needs to trigger RIS to forward message 4 to the UE.
[0417] Implementation process 3: RIS side process.
[0418] Step 0: The RIS transmits RIS coverage signals according to a predefined period.
[0419] Step 1: The RIS switches states according to trigger signals (such as preset time, base station control signaling, etc.) and forwards the SSB sent by the base station.
[0420] Step 2: RIS forwards Msg1 sent by UE.
[0421] Step 3: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards the Msg2 (RAR message) sent by the base station.
[0422] Step 4: RIS forwards Msg3 sent by UE.
[0423] Step 5: The RIS switches states based on the trigger signal and forwards Msg4 sent by the base station.
[0424] Example 9: Multi-beam random access, RIS state associated radio frame number.
[0425] In Example 7, the RIS SSB is associated with four consecutive ROs, and each RO is associated with a RIS state. For example, RO0 corresponds to RIS state 0, RO1 corresponds to RIS state 1, and so on. The actual ROs and radio frames or subframes exist as follows: Figure 10 The mapping relationship shown is as follows: Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of PRACH time-domain resource configuration provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0426] Therefore, the association between the RIS state and RO can also be changed to an association with the radio frame number or subframe number. Taking the radio frame as an example, according to... Figure 10 The wireless frame containing RO shown can be associated with wireless frame #1 in RIS state 1, wireless frame #3 in RIS state 2, and so on.
[0427] The same applies to the RIS state-related subframe number, so I won't go into details.
[0428] Example 10: A scheduling scheme.
[0429] Building upon Examples 7 and 8, since the RIS state is associated with PRACH resources, it can be considered for scheduling. The implementation of this scheme primarily occurs on the network side; the UE access process remains unchanged, consistent with Examples 7 and 8. Based on this:
[0430] The network side detects PRACH resources associated with the RIS or RIS state within a certain period. If no PRACH resource associated with the RIS is received within a predefined time, the network side adjusts the RIS to a silent state (invisible or no longer undergoing phase modulation, equivalent to environmental objects such as metal plates, glass, or walls). At this time, the RIS will no longer forward broadcast signals from the base station.
[0431] A RIS in a silent state can be woken up by the network to enter working state, or its silent state can be turned off at regular intervals.
[0432] Example 11: Select PRACH resources based on the measurement results of the SSB signal received by the UE.
[0433] The process of selecting PRACH resources based on UE type in all the above embodiments can be replaced by selecting PRACH resources based on the measurement results of the SSB signal received by the UE. The main difference between the implementation process of selecting PRACH resources based on SSB signal measurement results and the process of selecting PRACH resources based on UE type lies on the UE side; the following description focuses only on the behavior on the UE side.
[0434] UE side:
[0435] Step 1: The UE monitors the SSB. When an SSB is detected, it performs measurements and downlink synchronization to obtain the RSRP of the SSB and its associated PRACH resource configuration information.
[0436] Step 2: The UE selects PRACH resources according to the following criteria:
[0437] When the UE detects a regular SSB and its RSRP is greater than or equal to a predefined threshold A, it selects a regular PRACH resource and resets the SSB detection count to zero.
[0438] When a UE detects a regular SSB and its RSRP is less than a predefined threshold A, it determines whether the SSB detection count is greater than 2. If it is less than or equal to 2, the UE's SSB detection count is incremented by 1; if it is greater than 2, a regular PRACH resource is selected and the SSB detection count is cleared to zero.
[0439] When the UE detects a RIS SSB and its RSRP is greater than or equal to a predefined threshold B (B>A), the UE selects the regular PRACH resource and clears the SSB detection count to zero.
[0440] When the UE detects a RIS SSB, and its RSRP is greater than or equal to threshold A and less than B (B>A), the UE selects the RIS-specific PRACH resource and clears the SSB detection count to zero.
[0441] When a UE detects a RIS SSB and its RSRP is less than a predefined threshold A, it determines whether the SSB detection count is greater than 2. If it is less than or equal to 2, the UE's SSB detection count is incremented by 1; if it is greater than 2, the RIS specific PRACH resource is selected and the SSB detection count is cleared to zero.
[0442] Explanation of thresholds A and B: Threshold A is the RSRP value of the SSB signal that satisfies a certain UE random access probability (excluding random access caused by other contention conflicts), and threshold B is the RSRP value of the SSB signal received by users in the cell center. That is, users who satisfy threshold B are generally located in the cell center area. Therefore, threshold B is significantly greater than threshold A.
[0443] Step 3: The UE selects one or more ROs and / or preambles from the ROs and / or preamble subsets corresponding to the selected PRACH resources, generates a PRACH preamble sequence, and transmits the random access preamble sequence on the selected PRACH time-frequency resources. The mapping relationship between SSB, RO, and preamble can be any of those in the foregoing embodiments.
[0444] Step 4: The UE detects the RAR message within the RAR window, obtains the UE's uplink timing advance, and obtains uplink scheduling permission for Message 3 transmission. If the UE detects a response RAR message, it means that the preamble sequence sent by the UE has been detected by the base station. This preamble is the one selected by the UE, but it may not necessarily be the one sent by the UE. There may be a situation where multiple UEs simultaneously select the same preamble on the same RO to initiate random access, which is detected by the base station.
[0445] Step 4: The UE obtains uplink synchronization based on the uplink timing advance and sends message 3 on the PUSCH according to the uplink scheduling permission.
[0446] Step 5: The UE receives and decodes the contention resolution message contained in message 4 on the PDSCH, and completes random access after the contention resolution is successful.
[0447] The methods and apparatuses provided in the various embodiments of this application are based on the same concept. Since the methods and apparatuses solve problems in similar ways, the implementations of the apparatuses and methods can refer to each other, and repeated details will not be repeated.
[0448] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the terminal includes a memory 1120, a transceiver 1110, and a processor 1100; wherein the processor 1100 and the memory 1120 can also be physically arranged separately.
[0449] The memory 1120 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 1110 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 1100.
[0450] Specifically, transceiver 1110 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 1100.
[0451] Among them, Figure 11 In this application, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1100 and memory represented by memory 1120 together. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1110 can be multiple components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. For different user equipment, the user interface 1130 can also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.
[0452] The processor 1100 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1120 can store the data used by the processor 1100 when performing operations.
[0453] The processor 1100 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.
[0454] The processor 1100 invokes a computer program stored in the memory 1120 to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application according to the obtained executable instructions, such as: receiving one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; determining a target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals; and initiating random access to the network device based on the target random access resource.
[0455] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0456] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0457] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0458] The target random access resource is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals; or,
[0459] The target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0460] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0461] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0462] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0463] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0464] The terminal type is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node;
[0465] The target random access resource is determined based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0466] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type is determined, including:
[0467] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-class terminal; or,
[0468] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than the first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
[0469] Optionally, based on the terminal type and one or more random access resources associated with synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0470] If the terminal is determined to be a Type I terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0471] If the terminal is determined to be a Type II terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal or the Type II synchronization signal.
[0472] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, including any of the following:
[0473] If a first-type synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first-type synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0474] If a Type I synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the Type I synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, then the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0475] If a Type II synchronization signal is detected and the measurement result of the Type II synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal; or,
[0476] If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
[0477] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count, including:
[0478] If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
[0479] Optionally, determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes:
[0480] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type I synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0481] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type II synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal.
[0482] Optionally, when determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal, determining the target random access resource includes:
[0483] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
[0484] Optionally, random access resources include random access opportunities and / or random access preamble sequences.
[0485] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0486] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR exists within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR does not exist within the coverage area.
[0487] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0488] Optionally, the first type of terminal is a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal is a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
[0489] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the network device includes a memory 1220, a transceiver 1210, and a processor 1200; wherein the processor 1200 and the memory 1220 can also be physically arranged separately.
[0490] The memory 1220 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 1210 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 1200.
[0491] Specifically, transceiver 1210 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 1200.
[0492] Among them, Figure 12In this application, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1200 and memory represented by memory 1220 together. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1210 may be multiple elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, and other transmission media.
[0493] The processor 1200 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 1220 can store the data used by the processor 1200 when performing operations.
[0494] The processor 1200 can be a CPU, ASIC, FPGA or CPLD, and the processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.
[0495] The processor 1200 calls a computer program stored in the memory 1220 to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application according to the obtained executable instructions, such as broadcasting one or more synchronization signals to the terminal, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0496] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0497] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0498] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0499] Based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0500] Optionally, based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal, including:
[0501] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type I random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward the random access response message to the terminal; or,
[0502] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type II random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0503] Optionally, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal, including:
[0504] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state;
[0505] The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
[0506] Optionally, the method further includes:
[0507] If no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a set time period, the first network node is triggered to switch to a silent state, in which the first network node does not forward signals.
[0508] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0509] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR exists within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR does not exist within the coverage area.
[0510] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0511] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first network node provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 13 As shown, the first network node includes a memory 1320, a transceiver 1310, and a processor 1300; wherein the processor 1300 and the memory 1320 can also be physically arranged separately.
[0512] The memory 1320 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 1310 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 1300.
[0513] Specifically, transceiver 1310 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 1300.
[0514] Among them, Figure 13In this application, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1300 and memory represented by memory 1320 together. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1310 may be multiple elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, and other transmission media.
[0515] The processor 1300 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 1320 can store the data used by the processor 1300 when performing operations.
[0516] The processor 1300 can be a CPU, ASIC, FPGA or CPLD, and the processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.
[0517] The processor 1300 calls a computer program stored in the memory 1320 to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application according to the obtained executable instructions, such as sending an overlay signal to the terminal, the overlay signal being used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource used to initiate random access.
[0518] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal is the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal by the network device.
[0519] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0520] It should be noted that the terminal, network device and first network node provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.
[0521] Figure 14 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a random access device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device can be applied to a terminal, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the device includes:
[0522] The receiving unit 1400 is configured to receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, wherein the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0523] The determining unit 1410 is used to determine a target random access resource based on random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals;
[0524] Access unit 1420 is used to initiate random access to network devices based on target random access resources.
[0525] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0526] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0527] Optionally, determining the target random access resource based on random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals includes:
[0528] The target random access resource is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals; or,
[0529] The target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0530] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0531] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or,
[0532] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
[0533] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0534] The terminal type is determined based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node;
[0535] The target random access resource is determined based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with one or more synchronization signals.
[0536] Optionally, based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type is determined, including:
[0537] If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-class terminal; or,
[0538] If it is determined that no coverage signal is detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than the first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
[0539] Optionally, based on the terminal type and one or more random access resources associated with synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined, including:
[0540] If the terminal is determined to be a Type I terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0541] If the terminal is determined to be a Type II terminal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal or the Type II synchronization signal.
[0542] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the measurement results of one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, including any of the following:
[0543] If a first-type synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first-type synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the second-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or,
[0544] If a Type I synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the Type I synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, then the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0545] If a Type II synchronization signal is detected and the measurement result of the Type II synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal; or,
[0546] If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
[0547] Optionally, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count, including:
[0548] If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
[0549] Optionally, determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes:
[0550] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type I synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type I random access resources associated with the Type I synchronization signal; or,
[0551] If the detected synchronization signal is a Type II synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the Type II random access resources associated with the Type II synchronization signal.
[0552] Optionally, when determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal, determining the target random access resource includes:
[0553] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
[0554] Optionally, random access resources include random access opportunities and / or random access preamble sequences.
[0555] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0556] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR exists within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR does not exist within the coverage area.
[0557] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0558] Optionally, the first type of terminal is a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal is a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
[0559] Figure 15 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the random access device provided in the embodiments of this application. This device can be applied to network devices, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the device includes:
[0560] The broadcast unit 1500 is used to broadcast one or more synchronization signals to a terminal, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal.
[0561] Optionally, one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal, wherein there is no first network node for enhancing coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal.
[0562] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
[0563] Optionally, the device further includes:
[0564] The first sending unit is used to send a random access response message to the terminal based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access.
[0565] Optionally, based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal, including:
[0566] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type I random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward the random access response message to the terminal; or,
[0567] If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using Type II random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
[0568] Optionally, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal, including:
[0569] Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state;
[0570] The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
[0571] Optionally, the device further includes:
[0572] The control unit is used to trigger the first network node to switch to a silent state if no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a predetermined time period. In the silent state, the first network node does not forward signals.
[0573] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0574] Optionally, the first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR exists within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal where RIS or NCR does not exist within the coverage area.
[0575] Optionally, the first type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of the RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is a random access resource used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of the RIS or NCR.
[0576] Figure 16 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the random access device provided in the embodiments of this application. This device can be applied to a first network node, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the device includes:
[0577] The second transmitting unit 1600 is used to send a coverage signal to the terminal, the coverage signal being used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access.
[0578] Optionally, the transmission period of the coverage signal is the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal by the network device.
[0579] Optionally, the first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
[0580] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated units described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.
[0581] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.
[0582] It should be noted that the apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.
[0583] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a computer to execute the random access methods provided in the above embodiments.
[0584] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.
[0585] The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that a computer can access, including but not limited to magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND flash), solid-state drives (SSDs)).
[0586] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various systems, especially 5G systems. For example, applicable systems include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and 5G New Radio (NR). All of these systems include terminal equipment and network equipment. The systems may also include a core network component, such as Evolved Packet System (EPS) and 5G system (5GS).
[0587] The terminal involved in the embodiments of this application can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The name of the terminal may differ in different systems; for example, in a 5G system, the terminal can be called a User Equipment (UE). Wireless terminal devices can communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a Radio Access Network (RAN). Wireless terminal devices can be mobile terminal devices, such as mobile phones (or "cellular" phones) and computers with mobile terminal devices, for example, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile devices that exchange voice and / or data with the RAN. Examples include Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). Wireless terminal equipment can also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user device, but is not limited to these terms in the embodiments of this application.
[0588] The network device involved in this application embodiment can be a base station, which may include multiple cells providing services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, a base station may also be called an access point, or a device in an access network that communicates with a wireless terminal device through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The network device can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network equipment involved in the embodiments of this application can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), a NodeB in a Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, etc., and is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In some network structures, the network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, and the centralized unit and distributed unit may be geographically separated.
[0589] Network devices and terminals can each use one or more antennas for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission. MIMO transmission can be Single-User MIMO (SU-MIMO) or Multiple-User MIMO (MU-MIMO). Depending on the configuration and number of antenna combinations, MIMO transmission can be 2D-MIMO, 3D-MIMO, FD-MIMO, or massive-MIMO, and can also be diversity transmission, precoding transmission, or beamforming transmission, etc.
[0590] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.
[0591] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0592] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0593] These processors can execute instructions that can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0594] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A random access method, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: Receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; Based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, determine the target random access resource; Based on the target random access resources, initiate random access to the network device; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
2. The random access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal.
3. The random access method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
4. The random access method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The determination of the target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes: Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined; or, Based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
5. The random access method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes: If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or, If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
6. The random access method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the target random access resource based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes: Based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node, the terminal type of the terminal is determined; Based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, the target random access resource is determined.
7. The random access method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the terminal type based on the coverage signal sent by the first network node includes: If the measurement result of the coverage signal is determined to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a first-type terminal; or, If it is determined that the coverage signal is not detected or the measurement result of the coverage signal is less than a first threshold, the terminal is identified as a second type of terminal.
8. The random access method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the target random access resource based on the terminal type of the terminal and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes: If the terminal is determined to be a first-type terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or, If the terminal is determined to be a second type of terminal, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal or the second type of synchronization signal.
9. The random access method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the target random access resource based on the measurement results of the one or more synchronization signals and the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals includes any one of the following: If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or, If a first type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the first type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold and less than a second threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the first type of random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal; or, If a second type of synchronization signal is detected, and the measurement result of the second type of synchronization signal is greater than or equal to a third threshold, a target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal; or, If the measured result of the detected synchronization signal is less than the third threshold, the target random access resource is determined based on the synchronization signal detection count.
10. The random access method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the target random access resource based on the synchronization signal detection count includes: If the synchronization signal detection count is determined to be greater than a first value, a target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal.
11. The random access method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Determining the target random access resource from the random access resources associated with the detected synchronization signal includes: If the detected synchronization signal is a first-type synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the first-type random access resources associated with the first-type synchronization signal; or, If the detected synchronization signal is a second type of synchronization signal, the target random access resource is determined from the second type of random access resources associated with the second type of synchronization signal.
12. The random access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In determining a target random access resource from random access resources associated with a first type of synchronization signal, the determination of the target random access resource includes: Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the target random access resource is determined from the random access resources associated with the first type of synchronization signal.
13. The random access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The random access resources include random access opportunities and / or random access preamble sequences.
14. The random access method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
15. The random access method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal that has RIS or NCR within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal that does not have RIS or NCR within the coverage area.
16. The random access method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first type of random access resource is used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
17. The random access method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first type of terminal is a terminal within the coverage area of RIS or NCR, and the second type of terminal is a terminal outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
18. A random access method, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: One or more synchronization signals are broadcast to the terminal, including a first type of synchronization signal, which is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
19. The random access method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal and a second type of synchronization signal.
20. The random access method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first type of synchronization signal is associated with the first type of random access resource and the second type of random access resource, and the second type of synchronization signal is associated with the second type of random access resource.
21. The random access method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
22. The random access method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The step of sending a random access response message to the terminal based on the random access resources used by the terminal to initiate random access includes: If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the first type of random access resources, the first network node is triggered to forward a random access response message to the terminal; or... If it is determined that the terminal initiates random access using the second type of random access resources, a random access response message is sent to the terminal.
23. The random access method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The step of triggering the first network node to forward the random access response message to the terminal includes: Based on the association between the state of the first network node and the random access resources, and / or the association between the state of the first network node and the radio frame, the first network node is triggered to switch its state to the first state; The first network node in the first state forwards the random access response message to the terminal.
24. The random access method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The method further includes: If no random access resources associated with the first network node are detected within a set time period, the first network node is triggered to switch to a silent state, in which the first network node does not forward signals.
25. The random access method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
26. The random access method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal that has RIS or NCR within the coverage area; the second type of synchronization signal is a synchronization signal that does not have RIS or NCR within the coverage area.
27. The random access method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first type of random access resource is used for random access by terminals within the coverage area of RIS or NCR; the second type of random access resource is used for random access by terminals outside the coverage area of RIS or NCR.
28. A random access method, characterized in that, Applied to the first network node, including: Send an overlay signal to the terminal, the overlay signal being used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access based on the overlay signal and one or more synchronization signals broadcast by the network device associated with the random access resource; The one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, which is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
29. The random access method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The transmission period of the coverage signal is the same as the transmission period of the synchronization signal by the network device.
30. The random access method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The first network node includes a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) or a network control relay (NCR).
31. A terminal, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor; A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: Receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, the one or more synchronization signals including a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; Based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals, determine the target random access resource; Based on the target random access resources, initiate random access to the network device; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
32. A network device, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor; A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: One or more synchronization signals are broadcast to the terminal, including a first type of synchronization signal, which is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
33. A first network node, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor; A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: Send an overlay signal to the terminal, the overlay signal being used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource to initiate random access based on the overlay signal and one or more synchronization signals broadcast by the network device associated with the random access resource; The one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, which is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
34. A random access device, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: A receiving unit is configured to receive one or more synchronization signals broadcast by a network device, wherein the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal. The determining unit is configured to determine a target random access resource based on the random access resources associated with the one or more synchronization signals; An access unit is configured to initiate random access to the network device based on the target random access resource; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
35. A random access device, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: A broadcast unit is used to broadcast one or more synchronization signals to a terminal, wherein the one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, the first type of synchronization signal being associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
36. A random access device, characterized in that, Applied to the first network node, including: The second sending unit is used to send a coverage signal to the terminal. The coverage signal is used by the terminal to determine the target random access resource used to initiate random access based on the coverage signal and one or more synchronization signals broadcast by the network device. The one or more synchronization signals include a first type of synchronization signal, which is associated with one or more types of random access resources; wherein, a first network node for enhancing coverage exists within the coverage area of the first type of synchronization signal; When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with a type of random access resource, the type of random access resource associated with the first type of synchronization signal is different from the random access resource associated with the second type of synchronization signal, and there is no first network node for enhanced coverage within the coverage area of the second type of synchronization signal. When the first type of synchronization signal is associated with multiple types of random access resources, the multiple types of random access resources include a first type of random access resources and a second type of random access resources. The first type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals within the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access, and the second type of random access resources are random access resources used for terminals outside the coverage area of the first network node to perform random access.
37. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or the method according to any one of claims 18 to 27, or the method according to any one of claims 28 to 30.
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