Priority-configurable multi-load data transmission method and system applied to satellite
By classifying and prioritizing satellite payloads, and combining address table management with MRAM and FPGA, dynamic storage and scheduling of satellite payload data were achieved, solving the problems of timeliness and randomness in satellite payload data transmission, and improving the flexibility and efficiency of data transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI SATELLITE ENG INST
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing satellite payload data transmission methods cannot meet the timeliness and randomness requirements of emergency missions, cannot finely manage the storage and download of payload data, cannot adapt to simultaneous write and read operations of multiple payloads and high-speed data, and generate too much index information, which leads to reduced memory efficiency.
By classifying the number of payloads carried by the satellite, pre-setting payload numbers and assigning priorities, and using the data control board and FPGA to transmit high-priority data first and low-priority data later, combined with the address table management of the MRAM chip and FPGA, dynamic storage and scheduling management of payload data can be realized, and data can be written and read out according to payload number.
It improves the timeliness, relevance, and practicality of payload data, meets the needs of satellite on-orbit observation, enhances the flexibility and efficiency of data transmission, and adapts to the complex scenarios of global imaging payloads.
Smart Images
Figure CN117768959B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of satellite remote sensing data transmission, and more specifically, to a method and system for priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission applied to satellites. Background Technology
[0002] Satellite payload data transmission is closely related to user mission plans. As the number of payloads carried by remote sensing satellites increases and the uncertainty of satellite imaging mission modes grows, new or changing mission observation requirements arise in real time during on-orbit operation, especially in response to national emergency missions. Traditional satellite payload data transmission methods employ hybrid transmission, lacking refined management of payload data storage and downlink, and thus failing to meet the timeliness and randomness requirements of on-orbit missions, particularly emergency missions.
[0003] Patent document CN111443868A (application number: 202010212832.5) discloses a method and apparatus for erasing stored data on remote sensing satellites. By calculating the storage requirements of remote sensing data and the available storage capacity on the satellite, it determines whether the available storage capacity meets the storage requirements of new missions. Based on the determination result, expired stored data is erased to free up storage space or the data is directly recorded, thereby improving satellite observation efficiency. This method achieves precise data control by marking data according to different times and types. Its drawback is that when facing the dynamic observation requirements of large-orbit satellites, it requires frequent pre-setting of time and priority thresholds, which cannot meet the complex situation of overlapping and misalignment between ground station observation times and satellite observation requirements.
[0004] Patent document CN108153487A (application number: 201711239591.8) discloses a spaceborne solid-state storage multi-source data file system based on NAND FLASH, including: a multi-source payload data flow control module, a multi-file address management module, a system information table creation module, a file directory table creation module, and a file address information table creation module. This enables the independent generation of files when multiple payload data are input simultaneously, improving the fusion processing of onboard multi-payload data and the download speed of specific payload data of particular interest to users. Its drawback is that this method still uses a file storage mode, with a one-to-one correspondence between logical addresses and chip physical addresses, and read / write operations are performed in blocks. This is suitable for mission-oriented satellites that are powered on, but cannot meet the observation needs of satellites carrying global imaging payloads. This invention adopts real-time scheduling, does not impose pre-constraints on file addresses, and writes data in pages with the smallest granularity, making the block-based write control more refined and complex than that of the NAND FLASH-based method.
[0005] Patent document CN111897766A (application number: 202010568535.4) discloses a spaceborne solid-state memory and a data processing method for simultaneous writing and erasing. This memory includes an FPGA and FLASH chips. By cascading all FLASH chips in parallel and sharing a single I / O port, data reading operations can be performed simultaneously with data writing, solving the high cost problem caused by previous time-sharing strategies and the use of numerous SRAMs. Its drawback is that this method requires setting the distance between the read / write operation sub-substrate and the erase operation sub-substrate to perform simultaneous read / write and erase operations on the FLASH chip, which is unsuitable for the current satellite operating mode of simultaneous writing of multiple payloads and high-speed data.
[0006] Patent document CN114328508A (application number: 202111402066.X) discloses a fast retrieval method for spaceborne solid-state storage. This method addresses the problem of storage devices' inflexible and inefficient retrieval of effective satellite information by using external commands to activate internal software logic and retrieving image information based on the command content. This objectively reduces the requirements for data transmission. Its drawback is that the index information in this method includes both general index information and detailed index information. When adapting to global imaging payload data, this generates a large amount of index information, significantly reducing storage efficiency and making it impossible to accurately truncate data according to time.
[0007] Patent document CN113392036A (application number: 202010166525.8) discloses a solid-state memory and its data writing method and apparatus. The memory includes a data storage unit, which in turn includes a cache area and a flash memory area. Data is stored and written sequentially according to the fullness of the cache and flash memory areas, and the persistent storage in the cache area avoids data loss due to power outages, a problem common in traditional data writing methods. However, this method employs a two-level storage system, which does not meet the requirements of current satellite payload communication with data volumes reaching tens of gigabits per second.
[0008] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to improve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method and system for satellites.
[0010] According to the present invention, a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites is provided, the method comprising the following steps:
[0011] Step S1: Confirm the number of payloads carried by the satellite, and classify different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing the data, and pre-set the payload number according to the category;
[0012] Step S2: Before reading the data, pre-assign the priority order corresponding to each load number and transmit the order of various loads.
[0013] Step S3: Retrieve the mapping priority record table through the data control board, and transmit high-priority data first and low-priority data later;
[0014] Step S4: According to the usage requirements, perform data reset or read reset on the load number.
[0015] Preferably, before performing read / write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is injected into the single machine via instructions.
[0016] Preferably, during a write operation, multiple payload data are written simultaneously, a large cache is provided, different payload data are allocated to different caches, and independent read / write pointers are provided according to the payload number. They are stored in their respective independent data spaces and written to different write caches according to the payload number.
[0017] Preferably, during the read operation, the FPGA is controlled to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information, and to determine whether it is the earliest data according to the internal task number information. Once found, it is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read out, the search for the next priority data is started.
[0018] Preferably, the read pointer of the specified payload address is reset by changing the read information to unread information; the data of the specified payload address is reset by changing the unread information to read information.
[0019] The present invention also provides a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites, the system comprising the following modules:
[0020] Module M1: Confirms the number of payloads carried by the satellite, classifies different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing data, and pre-sets payload numbers according to the category;
[0021] Module M2: Before reading data, it pre-assigns the priority order of each load number and transmits the order of various loads.
[0022] Module M3: Retrieves the mapping priority record table through the data control board, transmitting high-priority data first and low-priority data later;
[0023] Module M4: Performs data reset or read reset on the load number according to usage requirements.
[0024] Preferably, before performing read / write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is injected into the single machine via instructions.
[0025] Preferably, during a write operation, multiple payload data are written simultaneously, a large cache is provided, different payload data are allocated to different caches, and independent read / write pointers are provided according to the payload number. They are stored in their respective independent data spaces and written to different write caches according to the payload number.
[0026] Preferably, during the read operation, the FPGA is controlled to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information, and to determine whether it is the earliest data according to the internal task number information. Once found, it is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read out, the search for the next priority data is started.
[0027] Preferably, the read pointer of the specified payload address is reset by changing the read information to unread information; the data of the specified payload address is reset by changing the unread information to read information.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0029] This invention enables dynamic storage, scheduling, and management of payload data, which will effectively improve the alignment between payload data storage methods, transmission order, and on-orbit observation requirements, and enhance the timeliness, relevance, and practicality of payload data. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0031] Figure 1 This is a mapping diagram between the load number and the load in this invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a design diagram for the read operation of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 3 Write the operation design diagram for this invention;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the contents of a single address in the address table used in this invention.
[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the operation execution of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 6This is a diagram illustrating the read operation execution of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 7 This invention specifies the load read reset setting diagram;
[0038] Figure 8 This invention specifies a load data reset diagram;
[0039] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the principle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] Example 1:
[0042] According to the present invention, a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites is provided, the method comprising the following steps:
[0043] Step S1: Confirm the number of payloads carried by the satellite, and classify different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing the data, and pre-set the payload number according to the category;
[0044] Step S2: Before reading the data, pre-assign the priority order corresponding to each load number and transmit the order of various loads.
[0045] Step S3: Retrieve the mapping priority record table through the data control board, and transmit high-priority data first and low-priority data later;
[0046] Step S4: According to the usage requirements, perform data reset or read reset on the load number.
[0047] Before executing read and write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is uploaded to the single machine via instructions. During the write operation, multiple payload data are written simultaneously. A large buffer is provided, and different payload data are allocated to different buffers. Each payload number is assigned an independent read and write pointer and stored in its own independent data space. Each payload number is written to a different write buffer. During the read operation, the FPGA is controlled to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information. It is determined whether it is the earliest data based on the internal task number information. Once found, it is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read, the search for the next priority data is started. The read pointer of the specified payload number address is reset by changing the read information to the unread information. The data of the specified payload number address is reset by changing the unread information to the read information.
[0048] The present invention also provides a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites. The priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites can be implemented by executing the process steps of the priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites as a preferred embodiment of the priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites.
[0049] Example 2:
[0050] The present invention also provides a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites, the system comprising the following modules:
[0051] Module M1: Confirms the number of payloads carried by the satellite, classifies different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing data, and pre-sets payload numbers according to the category;
[0052] Module M2: Before reading data, it pre-assigns the priority order of each load number and transmits the order of various loads.
[0053] Module M3: Retrieves the mapping priority record table through the data control board, transmitting high-priority data first and low-priority data later;
[0054] Module M4: Performs data reset or read reset on the load number according to usage requirements.
[0055] Before executing read and write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is uploaded to the single machine via instructions. During the write operation, multiple payload data are written simultaneously. A large buffer is provided, and different payload data are allocated to different buffers. Each payload number is assigned an independent read and write pointer and stored in its own independent data space. Each payload number is written to a different write buffer. During the read operation, the FPGA is controlled to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information. It is determined whether it is the earliest data based on the internal task number information. Once found, it is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read, the search for the next priority data is started. The read pointer of the specified payload number address is reset by changing the read information to the unread information. The data of the specified payload number address is reset by changing the unread information to the read information.
[0056] Example 3:
[0057] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites, taking into account the real-time and random requirements of remote sensing data use in actual satellite on-orbit operations and the current status of large-scale global imaging payload deployment. This method can meet the needs of routine, diversified, and specialized application scenarios, fully guarantee the application value of payload data, provide technical support for the daily monitoring and emergency response capabilities of national civilian space missions, and improve the timeliness, relevance, and practicality of payload data.
[0058] A priority-configurable multi-payload high-speed data transmission method includes the following steps:
[0059] The number of payloads carried by the satellite is confirmed, and different data streams are classified according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before data is written, and payload numbers are pre-set for each category;
[0060] Priority order is pre-assigned to each load number before data is read out, so as to realize the order of various loads.
[0061] The mapping priority record table can be quickly retrieved through the data control panel, and high-priority data is transmitted first and low-priority data is transmitted later.
[0062] Depending on the usage requirements, perform a data reset or read reset on the load number.
[0063] Before performing read / write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is uploaded to the single machine via instructions.
[0064] During write operations, since multiple payload data are written simultaneously, a large cache is required so that different payload data can be allocated to different caches. Each payload number is equipped with an independent read / write pointer and stored in its own independent data space so that it can be written to different write caches according to the payload number.
[0065] MRAM chips use an application address table to store data by page, which contains slave information, i.e., data attributes, including the write task number, payload number, erased / unerased, read / unread, and written page address for each address. This enables the core function of finding the corresponding memory address by payload number and replaying the data.
[0066] The data processing FPGA should allocate multiple write buffer areas to promptly write data with different payload numbers into different write buffers and notify the control FPGA to start querying the application address corresponding to the writable payload number data. Data should be sent after the control FPGA issues a write buffer output data request. Each time the control FPGA writes a segment of data, it records the relevant payload number information in the current address of the MRAM's application address table.
[0067] During the read operation, the FPGA controls the search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table based on the priority and payload number correspondence information. It then determines whether the data is the earliest based on the internal task number information and reads it out. After all payload number addresses have been read out, the search for the next priority data is started, thereby realizing the function of playing back the specified priority.
[0068] Since the load number and playback priority of the load data settings may be changed during application, the standalone unit needs to be configured with instructions to specify the load number and the download priority for each load data, telemetry for the corresponding specified status, and functional interfaces such as specified load number data reset, read reset instruction, corresponding status telemetry and capacity telemetry.
[0069] By changing the read information of a specified payload address to unread information, the read pointer function of the specified payload address can be reset.
[0070] By changing the unread information of a specified payload address to read information, the data reset function of the specified payload address can be achieved.
[0071] A priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites includes three parts: classification and storage of payload data, scheduling management, and customized downlink, which enables flexible scheduling of the downlink order of payload data during satellite operation.
[0072] in:
[0073] Payload data is categorized and stored according to its type or observation mode. Each category is assigned a payload number, with different payload numbers corresponding to different priorities in a one-to-one correspondence. In this method, each payload data item is equipped with its own buffer, and the same payload number corresponds to the same write buffer. These write buffers are independent of each other. During the write process, each payload number is assigned an independent write pointer, enabling dynamic management of the storage area size corresponding to each payload number based on the actual amount of data written.
[0074] Payload data scheduling and management: The MRAM chip stores data dependency information, i.e., data attributes, on a page-by-page basis through an application address table. This includes information such as the write task number, payload number, erased / unerased, read / unread, and written page address for each address. The payload number is associated with its corresponding memory address; this mapping is called the application address table. When the data processing FPGA writes data to the write buffer, the control FPGA queries this mapping. After confirming the mapping, the data in the write buffer is pushed to the corresponding memory address, and the corresponding information is simultaneously updated in the MRAM's application address table. Data in the MRAM's application address table is marked by address and also has the function of being manipulated via ground commands. This includes changing the read / unread flags to achieve data reset by payload number and read reset functions.
[0075] Customized payload data download: Payload numbers are prioritized and modified promptly based on actual on-orbit requirements. During read operations, the FPGA controls the FPGA to sequentially query unread addresses of the highest-priority payload numbers according to the set payload number and priority correspondence, and determines whether the data is the earliest based on the internal task number. Once found, it is read. Only after all high-priority payload numbers have been read will the data corresponding to the next highest-priority payload number be read. This strategy is executed during data downloads at each station visit.
[0076] This invention provides a priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites, which can be applied to remote sensing satellites, such as hyperspectral observation satellites. The method specifically includes the following steps:
[0077] The hyperspectral observation satellite comprises six payloads: an Absorbing Aerosol Detector, a High-Precision Polarization Scanner, an Atmospheric Major Greenhouse Gas Monitor, a Full-Spectrum Spectral Imager, an Atmospheric Aerosol Multi-Angle Polarization Detector, an Atmospheric Trace Gas Differential Absorption Spectrometer, and a Visible-Shortwave Infrared Hyperspectral Camera. Based on the imaging target, they can be divided into land surface payloads and atmospheric payloads. The former includes the Full-Spectrum Spectral Imager and the Visible-Shortwave Infrared Hyperspectral Camera; the other payloads are atmospheric payloads. The two land surface payloads are designated as payload number #0, and the four atmospheric payloads are designated as payload number #1, such as... Figure 1 As shown.
[0078] The hyperspectral observation satellite refines the storage unit into a physical page, with each physical page corresponding to a table entry. The payload number is used as the key, and the data is stored in order of physical address.
[0079] After receiving remote sensing data, the hyperspectral observation satellite uses two independent write buffers to process the received land surface payload and atmospheric payload. Write pointer #0 and read pointer #0 are assigned to the land surface payload, and read / write pointer #1 and read pointer #1 are assigned to the atmospheric payload. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown.
[0080] Based on the storage characteristics of NAND FLASH, each payload number is assigned an independent write task number, erased / unerased status, read / unread status, and written page address. The satellite uses an MRAM chip to record and associate this information, which is called an application address table. Figure 4 As shown.
[0081] When the data processing FPGA pushes data for a specific payload number into the write buffer, the control FPGA will query the corresponding relationship. After confirming the relationship, the data in the write buffer will be pushed to the corresponding memory address, and the corresponding information will also be updated synchronously in the application address table of the MRAM. Figure 5 As shown.
[0082] To ensure the timeliness of atmospheric payload remote sensing data for global imaging during the hyperspectral observation satellite's in-orbit operation, priority settings were implemented. Payload number #0 corresponding to the land surface payload was assigned priority #1, and payload number #1 corresponding to the atmospheric payload was assigned priority #0. During each revisit, the FPGA control system, based on the set payload number and priority correspondence, sequentially queries the unread addresses corresponding to payload number #1 and payload number #0, finds the earliest data based on the internal task number, and begins data download. During revisit, data corresponding to payload number #0 will only be read after payload number #1 has been emptied. Figure 6 As shown.
[0083] According to the application address table in MRAM, the functions of data reset by payload number and read reset can be achieved by changing the read and unread flags. For example, if the atmospheric payload remote sensing data of payload number #0 is poorly received due to environmental factors during a certain station observation period, an instruction can be sent to change the read data to unread data, thereby enabling retransmission. Figure 7 As shown. If the land surface payload corresponding to payload #1 needs to conduct extensive observations of a certain area due to an emergency mission, the remote sensing data of payload #0 can be changed from unread to read. In subsequent imaging processes, the remote sensing data corresponding to payload #1 can cover this portion of the data, ensuring the responsiveness of the emergency mission. Figure 8 As shown.
[0084] This strategy will be executed in this manner until the relationship between load number and priority is redefined.
[0085] Those skilled in the art can understand this embodiment as a more specific description of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.
[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that, besides implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention in the form of purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved entirely through logical programming of the method steps, making the system and its various devices, modules, and units of this invention function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; alternatively, the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.
[0087] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Claims
1. A priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Confirm the number of payloads carried by the satellite, and classify different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing the data, and pre-set the payload number according to the category; Step S2: Before reading the data, pre-assign the priority order corresponding to each load number and transmit the order of various loads. Step S3: Retrieve the mapping priority record table through the data control board, and transmit high-priority data first and low-priority data later; Step S4: According to the usage requirements, perform data reset or read reset on the load number; During write operations, multiple payload data are written simultaneously. A large cache is provided, and different payload data are allocated to different caches. Each payload data is equipped with an independent read / write pointer and stored in its own independent data space. Each payload data is written to a different write cache according to its payload number. During the read operation, the FPGA controls the FPGA to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information. It then determines whether the data is the earliest based on the internal task number information. Once found, the data is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read out, the search for the next priority data is started. The read pointer of a specified payload address is reset by changing the read information to unread information; the data of a specified payload address is reset by changing the unread information to read information.
2. The priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission method for satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before performing read / write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is uploaded to the single machine via instructions.
3. A priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites, characterized in that, The system includes the following modules: Module M1: Confirms the number of payloads carried by the satellite, classifies different data streams according to the effective payload or payload observation mode before writing data, and pre-sets payload numbers according to the category; Module M2: Before reading data, it pre-assigns the priority order of each load number and transmits the order of various loads. Module M3: Retrieves the mapping priority record table through the data control board, transmitting high-priority data first and low-priority data later; Module M4: Performs data reset or read reset on the load number according to usage requirements; During write operations, multiple payload data are written simultaneously. A large cache is provided, and different payload data are allocated to different caches. Each payload data is equipped with an independent read / write pointer and stored in its own independent data space. Each payload data is written to a different write cache according to its payload number. During the read operation, the FPGA controls the FPGA to search for the highest priority unread address of the payload number in the application address table according to the priority and payload number correspondence information. It then determines whether the data is the earliest based on the internal task number information. Once found, the data is read out. After all payload number addresses have been read out, the search for the next priority data is started. The read pointer of a specified payload address is reset by changing the read information to unread information; the data of a specified payload address is reset by changing the unread information to read information.
4. The priority-configurable multi-payload data transmission system for satellites according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before performing read / write tasks, the payload data stream is classified to form payload numbers, and the mapping relationship is uploaded to the single machine via instructions.