Ground power supply system for electric vehicles

Abstract

The ground power supply system of the electric vehicle comprises a ground power supply module and a power collecting shoe. The ground power supply module is arranged between two steel rails and comprises a ground power supply positive module and a negative return contact rail. The power collecting shoe is arranged at the bottom of the electric vehicle and comprises a positive brush and a negative brush. The positive brush is in sliding contact with the ground power supply positive module, and the negative brush is in sliding contact with the negative return contact rail, so that the ground power supply module supplies power to the electric vehicle through the power collecting shoe. The negative return contact rail is grounded, so that the stray current generated when the power supply module returns to negative is limited in the ground power supply module, thereby avoiding the electric erosion damage of the stray current to the tie and the steel rail. The ground power supply system does not generate stray current to the outside through the negative module, and protects the railway facilities from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of power supply technology for electric vehicles, and more particularly to a ground power supply system for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Ground-based power supply technology is a type of power supply technology for modern trams that eliminates the need for overhead contact lines. The vehicle's current collector connects to the ground-based power supply device via contact or non-contact methods, enabling the ground to supply power to the vehicle's equipment or charge its energy storage devices. Ground-based contact power supply systems include the French APS system and the Italian Tramwave system, where the power supply modules are installed in the roadbed. Due to the unique structure of these systems, road construction costs are very high. Ground-based non-contact power supply uses the principle of electromagnetic induction, resulting in low power supply efficiency and electromagnetic pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0003] The Italian Tramwave off-track ground power supply system employs a flexible contact power switch structure. It achieves ground power transmission and disconnection through the magnetic force and gravity of the elastic band. However, it has a large number of contacts, a low supply current (rated 200A), and a short electrical life. It is also susceptible to contact adhesion due to the capacitive current of vehicles. Furthermore, the negative and positive steel plates, flush with the ground, are close together. If foreign metal objects are present on the module surface, a short circuit can occur, causing the power supply system to trip and disrupting normal operation. The power supply modules are fixed to the concrete foundation using fastening blocks, fixing grooves, and threaded fasteners. This fixing method makes module installation and disassembly time-consuming and labor-intensive. The investment cost of the Tramwave ground power supply system is approximately RMB 15 million to 20 million per km.

[0004] The prior art provides a ground power supply system for trolleybuses (CN 107776439 A), including a positive cable, a safety negative cable, a power supply module, a positive steel plate, and a negative steel plate. The positive cable and the safety negative cable are led out from a DC power supply cabinet and buried underground. The positive cable and the safety negative cable are electrically connected to the power supply module through a connector box. The power supply module is installed in the road foundation. The power supply module includes a module base, a positive conductive plate, a negative conductive plate, and a C-shaped conductive plate installed in the module base, and an elastic band that extends continuously and passes through the module base. The upper surface of the elastic band is provided with elastic copper sheets. The negative steel plate is the trolley's track. The trolley's negative current collector shoe is in contact with the trolley track, and the trolley's positive current collector shoe is in contact with the positive steel plate installed on the ground. The positive steel plate is electrically connected to the positive conductive plate. The return current flows from the negative current collector shoe back to the DC power supply cabinet via the track. This invention uses track return, reduces system components, simplifies the system, facilitates installation and maintenance, and effectively reduces costs. This invention optimizes the Italian Tramwave non-track return ground power supply system. The power supply module only has a positive steel plate, while the negative steel plate is the tram track. The track return scheme avoids short circuits between the positive and negative poles on the surface of the Tramwave power supply system module. However, since this scheme uses the running rail as the return conductor, insulation protection measures need to be taken for the rail to prevent stray currents generated by the DC power supply system, so as to reduce the negative impact on related internal and external systems of the rail transit.

[0005] The French APS system buries a third rail between the two running rails. This third rail is laid in an "interval" pattern of 8m power supply sections + 3m insulation sections, with power transmitted to the train via the vehicle's energizing shoes. The contact rail is powered by a DC 750V segment every 22m, energized only by a radio-controlled switch when a vehicle passes. The energizing shoes installed on the two bogies under the car receive power. After the vehicle passes, the contact rail connects to the running rail, and the voltage drops to zero to ensure pedestrian safety. Numerous zoned contact rail-side devices are buried along the line. The investment cost of the ground power supply system is approximately RMB 40-50 million per km, making it extremely expensive.

[0006] Therefore, existing technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a ground power supply system for an electric vehicle, comprising: a ground power supply module disposed between two rails, including a positive ground power supply module and a negative return contact rail; and a receiving shoe disposed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, including a positive brush and a negative brush. The positive brush slides in contact with the positive ground power supply module, and the negative brush slides in contact with the negative return contact rail, so that the ground power supply module supplies power to the electric vehicle through the receiving shoe. The negative return contact rail is grounded, so that stray current generated during negative return of the power supply module is confined within the ground power supply module, thereby preventing stray current from causing electrolytic corrosion damage to the sleepers and rails.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a module base, which is installed on the rail sleepers. The module base includes a metal shell and insulating material. The ground power supply positive module is set inside the module base and located between the metal shell and the insulating material. The metal shell forms the negative return contact rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the ground power supply positive module includes a positive steel plate, which is disposed on top of the ground power supply positive module, and the positive brush is slidably disposed on the positive steel plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the ground negative electrode module includes a negative electrode steel plate, which is disposed on top of the metal casing, and the negative electrode brush is slidably disposed on the negative electrode steel plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the positive electrode module is covered with a first insulating material.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an insulator disposed between the positive electrode steel plate and the negative electrode steel plate to insulate the positive electrode steel plate and the negative electrode steel plate.

[0013] Furthermore, it includes a drainage channel, which is located below the module base.

[0014] Furthermore, the positive electrode module contains multiple power electronic device switches.

[0015] Furthermore, a detection circuit is provided between the positive and negative brushes. The detection circuit outputs commands to the ground power supply module so that the ground power supply module can determine whether the electric vehicle has arrived at or left the ground power supply module.

[0016] Furthermore, the ground power supply positive module is equipped with a positive interface and a negative interface for connecting to the positive busbar and negative cable of the ground power supply system, respectively.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: The negative electrode module prevents the ground power supply system from generating stray currents to the outside, protecting railway facilities from damage; the positive electrode module is equipped with multiple power electronic device switches, enabling high-current power supply, long electrical life, and ensuring power supply safety; the ground power supply module forms an integrated assembly structure, eliminating the need for additional fasteners or other fixing components, saving material and labor costs, and increasing module installation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the ground power supply module and the track and sleepers disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ground power supply module disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention shown in the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this invention, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that various modifications are possible without substantially departing from the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, all such modifications should be included within the scope of the invention. Other substitutions, modifications, variations, and deletions can be made to the design, operating conditions, and parameters of the following exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0022] This invention provides a ground power supply system for an electric vehicle, comprising: a ground power supply module disposed between two rails, including a positive ground power supply module and a negative return contact rail; and a receiving shoe disposed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, including a positive brush and a negative brush. The positive brush slides in contact with the positive ground power supply module, and the negative brush slides in contact with the negative return contact rail, so that the ground power supply module supplies power to the electric vehicle through the receiving shoe. The negative return contact rail is grounded, so that stray current generated during negative return of the power supply module is confined within the ground power supply module, thereby preventing stray current from causing electrolytic corrosion damage to the sleepers and rails.

[0023] The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, by using a negative electrode module, prevents the ground power supply system from generating stray currents to the outside, thus protecting railway facilities from damage.

[0024] The power supply system described above also includes a module base, which is mounted on rail sleepers. The module base includes a metal shell and an insulator. The ground power supply positive module is located inside the module base and between the metal shell and the insulating material. The metal shell forms the negative return contact rail.

[0025] In the above power supply system, the ground power supply positive module includes a positive steel plate, which is set on top of the ground power supply positive module, and the positive brush is slidably set on the positive steel plate.

[0026] In the aforementioned power supply system, the ground negative electrode module includes a negative electrode steel plate, which is disposed on the top of the metal casing, and the negative electrode brush is slidably disposed on the negative electrode steel plate.

[0027] In the aforementioned power supply system, the positive module is covered with a first insulating material.

[0028] The power supply system described above also includes an insulator, which is disposed between the positive and negative steel plates to insulate the positive and negative steel plates.

[0029] The power supply system described above includes a drainage trough, which is located below the module base.

[0030] In the aforementioned power supply system, the positive module contains multiple power electronic device switches.

[0031] In the aforementioned power supply system, a detection circuit is installed between the positive and negative brushes. The detection circuit outputs commands to the ground power supply module to enable the ground power supply module to determine whether the electric vehicle has arrived at or left the ground power supply module.

[0032] In the aforementioned power supply system, the ground power supply positive module is equipped with a positive interface and a negative interface for connecting to the positive busbar and negative cable of the ground power supply system, respectively.

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1-2 As shown:

[0035] The ground power supply module is located between the two steel rails of the vehicle and is placed on the concrete sleepers.

[0036] The ground power supply module consists of a positive power supply module and a module base containing a negative return contact rail.

[0037] The power input of the positive module is connected to the positive power supply located on one side of the module base, and the negative cable of the positive module is located on the other side of the base and is connected in parallel (equipotential) with the negative return line of the power supply module.

[0038] The positive electrode module shell and the module base are made of insulating materials, and the base shell is made of metal materials, which ensures that stray current is limited to the module during negative electrode return and prevents electrolytic corrosion damage to sleepers and rails.

[0039] The positive module has raised structures on both sides of the upper part and grooves along the length of the module to separate the positive and negative terminals of the ground power supply module and avoid short circuit between the positive and negative terminals.

[0040] The vehicle's power receiving shoe brushes are in contact with the positive and negative terminals of the ground power supply module. Through a detection circuit set between the positive and negative brushes of the power receiving shoe, the detection circuit outputs commands to the ground power supply module, enabling the ground power supply module to accurately determine whether the vehicle has arrived at or left the power supply module, thereby supplying or de-energizing power and ensuring safe power supply.

[0041] The positive module contains N power electronic device switches (N≥2) controlled by a microcomputer, which control the closing and opening of the switches according to the microcomputer program.

[0042] A drainage channel is installed at the bottom of the module to prevent water accumulation from affecting the insulation of the power supply cable.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground power supply system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: A ground power supply module is installed between two steel rails and includes a ground power supply positive module and a negative return contact rail. A power receiving shoe, which is disposed at the bottom of an electrical vehicle, includes a positive brush and a negative brush; The positive brush slides in contact with the ground power supply positive module, and the negative brush slides in contact with the negative return contact rail, so that the ground power supply module can supply power to the electric vehicle through the power receiving shoe. The negative return contact rail is grounded so that the stray current generated when the power supply module returns to the negative terminal is confined within the ground power supply module. ， To avoid stray currents causing electrolytic corrosion damage to sleepers and rails; It also includes a module base, which is mounted on the rail sleepers. The module base includes a metal shell and insulating material. The ground power supply positive module is disposed in the module base and located between the metal shell and the insulating material. The metal shell forms the negative return contact rail.

2. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground power supply positive electrode module includes a positive electrode steel plate, which is disposed on the top of the ground power supply positive electrode module, and the positive electrode brush is slidably disposed on the positive electrode steel plate.

3. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative electrode return contact rail includes a negative electrode steel plate, which is disposed on the top of the metal casing, and the negative electrode brush is slidably disposed on the negative electrode steel plate.

4. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode module is covered with a first insulating material.

5. The ground power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an insulator disposed between the positive electrode steel plate and the negative electrode steel plate for insulating the positive electrode steel plate and the negative electrode steel plate.

6. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a drainage channel, which is disposed below the module base.

7. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode module is equipped with multiple power electronic device switches.

8. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A detection circuit is provided between the positive and negative brushes. The detection circuit outputs commands to the ground power supply module so that the ground power supply module can determine whether the electric vehicle has arrived or left the ground power supply module.

9. The ground power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground power supply positive module is equipped with a positive interface and a negative interface for connecting to the positive bus and negative cable of the ground power supply system, respectively.

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