A method and system for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane. The method includes: setting basic information of the tower crane; determining the jacking safety requirements of the tower crane, specifically including: collecting wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals, and performing safety assessments on these signals; determining whether the load is in place, and if not, providing guidance on the amplitude change direction during the load placement process; and determining the leveling completion status based on the measured values ​​of the ultrasonic ranging signal and the tilt angle signal. The system is used to implement the above method and includes: a wind speed and direction measuring device, an ultrasonic ranging device, a tilt angle measuring device, an amplitude measuring device, an edge intelligent device, and a jacking and leveling controller. This invention can efficiently and effectively guide workers in performing tower crane leveling work, providing objective and quantifiable evidence for leveling, and offering more intuitive and operable guidance for the monitoring and control system of tower cranes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tower crane monitoring method and system, and more particularly to a tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring method and system. Background Technology

[0002] During the lifting and dismantling of tower cranes, the balance of the upper part of the crane reflects the stress on the entire crane and is crucial to its safety. Therefore, before lifting the tower crane, its top must be leveled to avoid potential major safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, the industry primarily uses a method where operators refer to the operating manual and hoist an equal-weight counterweight at a reference position on the jib for tower crane jacking and leveling. However, due to factors such as wind speed, wind direction, the actual weight of the counterweight, and the actual position of the hook, the actual situation may not perfectly match the leveling experience parameters given in the operating manual. This often leads to inaccurate leveling results, which can result in difficulties during the jacking process. During jacking, operators need to rely on experience to make adjustments, which not only requires multiple people to work together, making it difficult, but also makes it difficult to avoid human error and misjudgment, posing significant safety hazards.

[0004] Additionally, during the lifting process, the tilt direction and angle of the tower crane can be monitored for balancing. However, due to the lack of standardized criteria for determining the tilt direction and angle, it is difficult to accurately assess the safety of the lifting operation. When the tower crane is already in the lifting position, adjustments to the tilt direction and angle typically rely on the experience of the operators and the cooperation of multiple people, resulting in unclear methods that cannot effectively prevent serious safety accidents caused by misoperation in crisis situations.

[0005] In general, existing tower crane jacking and leveling methods suffer from low accuracy, low efficiency, high difficulty, and low safety due to manual intervention. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a standard for the leveling status of tower cranes and, based on this, to propose a monitoring method for tower crane jacking and leveling to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for monitoring the jacking and leveling of tower cranes, addressing the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane; wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Set the basic information of the tower crane;

[0009] Step 2, determine the safety requirements for the tower crane's jacking, specifically including: collecting wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals, and making a safety assessment based on the above signals;

[0010] Step 3: Determine if the load is in place. If not, provide luffing direction guidance during the load placement process.

[0011] Step 4: Determine the completion status of balancing based on the measured values ​​of ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the basic information mentioned in step 1 includes at least: standard balancing position, standard section size, lifting frame size, number of standard sections, boom length, and ultrasonic sensor thickness value.

[0013] Furthermore, the acquisition of wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals mentioned in step 2 is accomplished by sensors installed on the tower crane.

[0014] Furthermore, the sensor described in step 2 includes at least:

[0015] Wind speed and direction sensors are used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment;

[0016] An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at any given moment.

[0017] The tilt sensor is used to measure the tilt angle between the tower crane's lifting frame and the tower body at the current moment.

[0018] Furthermore, the safety assessment described in step 2 is performed by the lifting and leveling controller.

[0019] Furthermore, the lifting and leveling controller mentioned in step 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] Real-time reading of wind speed, ultrasonic ranging, and tilt angle signals obtained from sensors;

[0021] The above signal is compared with a preset threshold.

[0022] If any signal exceeds the threshold in the comparison results, an alarm will be triggered.

[0023] Furthermore, step 3, determining whether the load is in place, specifically includes:

[0024] Step 3-1: Install an amplitude measuring device on the tower crane to collect amplitude signals in real time;

[0025] Step 3-2: Use the lifting and leveling controller to read the above amplitude signal in real time and compare it with the preset standard leveling position. If the preset position is not reached, it is determined that the load is not in place.

[0026] Step 3-3: If it is determined that the load is not in place, calculate the difference between the amplitude signal and the preset marked balance position to provide guidance on the amplitude change direction.

[0027] Furthermore, step 4, which involves determining the balancing completion status based on the measured values ​​of the ultrasonic ranging signal and the tilt angle signal, specifically includes:

[0028] Step 4-1: Read the basic tower crane information set in Step 1, including at least: the width D of the lifting frame, the width d of the standard section, and the thickness h of the ultrasonic ranging device;

[0029] Step 4-2: Read the measured values ​​of the tilt angle signal and the ultrasonic ranging signal acquired in real time in Step 2;

[0030] Let the intersection of the contact surface between the tilt sensor and the tower body and the horizontal plane be the x-axis, and the vertical upward direction be the z-axis. Establish a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system. Let the tilt angle in the x-direction be rot(x), the tilt angle in the y-direction be rot(y), the measured value of the ultrasonic ranging device be L, and the real-time wind speed be w.

[0031] Step 4-3: Determine whether the tower crane balancing is complete based on the tower crane balancing status formula, as detailed below:

[0032]

[0033] Where δ is the preset safety margin. If the above formula is satisfied, the balancing is determined to be completed and a balancing completion prompt is given; otherwise, the balancing is determined to be incomplete and an alarm is triggered.

[0034] The present invention also provides a tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring system for implementing the above method, the system comprising:

[0035] Wind speed and direction measuring device, namely wind speed and direction sensor, is used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment;

[0036] An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at any given moment.

[0037] Inclination measuring device, inclination sensor, used to measure the inclination angle between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at the current moment;

[0038] Amplitude measurement device, used to acquire amplitude signals in real time;

[0039] Edge intelligent devices are used to remotely transmit ultrasonic ranging values;

[0040] Except for the ultrasonic ranging device, all of the above measuring devices are connected to the jacking and balancing controller. The ultrasonic ranging device is connected to the edge intelligent device. The jacking and balancing controller is used to determine the jacking safety requirements of the tower crane, determine whether the load is in place, and determine the balancing completion status.

[0041] Furthermore, the lifting and leveling controller also includes:

[0042] The display unit is used to display the measurement information acquired by the above-mentioned measuring device, as well as the judgment status and alarm information.

[0043] Beneficial effects:

[0044] This invention addresses the problems of low accuracy, low efficiency, high difficulty, and low safety caused by manual intervention in existing tower crane jacking and leveling methods. It innovatively combines intelligent technology with engineering machinery, proposes a standard for the leveling status of tower cranes, and proposes a tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring method to solve the above problems, which helps to improve the working safety and digitalization level of tower cranes.

[0045] This invention provides efficient and high-quality guidance for workers performing tower crane balancing operations. Compared to traditional manual balancing methods, this invention offers significant advantages in improving the safety, efficiency, and digitalization of tower crane operations. Starting from the actual balancing state of tower cranes, this paper proposes a formulaic expression for the balancing state, providing an objective and quantifiable basis for tower crane balancing and offering more intuitive and operable guidance for the monitoring and control systems of tower cranes. Based on this formulaic expression for jacking and balancing, this paper develops a tower crane jacking and balancing monitoring method. Throughout the balancing process, based on measured wind speed and direction at the tower crane head, the distance between the standard section and the support frame, and tilt angle signals, it determines whether the current tower crane status meets the jacking requirements and employs a multi-indicator parallel early warning method. After preliminary balancing is completed, the balancing completion status is determined according to the balancing formula and displayed on a display unit, allowing operators to clearly understand the balancing status of the tower crane, reducing the uncertainty of subjective judgment, and improving operational accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the advantages of the present invention in the above and / or other aspects will become clearer.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each module in the tower crane balancing monitoring system.

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall process for monitoring the balancing of tower cranes.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a front view showing the installation location and key parameters of the tilt measuring device and ultrasonic radar.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view showing the installation location and key parameters of the tilt measuring device and ultrasonic radar. Detailed Implementation

[0051] This invention provides a method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane, specifically comprising:

[0052] Step 1: Input and correct the basic information of the tower crane, including the standard balancing position, standard section size, and jacking frame size;

[0053] Step 2: Determine the safety requirements for jacking, including the acquisition and judgment of wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals;

[0054] Step 3: Determine if the load is in place, and provide guidance on the luffing direction during the load placement process;

[0055] Step 4: Determine the completion status of balancing based on the ultrasonic and tilt angle measurements.

[0056] In step 1, the input and correction of the tower crane's basic information is achieved through a software-programmed visual interface, and the basic information is saved to the control system's storage.

[0057] In step 1, the basic information includes standard balancing position, standard section size, lifting frame size, number of standard sections, boom length, and ultrasonic sensor thickness value.

[0058] In step 2, the acquisition of wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals is accomplished by the following sensors:

[0059] Wind speed and direction sensors are used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment;

[0060] An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the lifting frame and the tower body at the current moment;

[0061] Inclination sensor is used to measure the current inclination angle between the tower crane's lifting frame and the tower body;

[0062] In step 2, the determination of the wind speed signal, ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal is all completed in the lifting and leveling controller.

[0063] In step 2, the lifting and leveling controller reads the wind speed signal, ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal in real time, compares them with the threshold set by the system, and adopts a multi-indicator parallel early warning method, that is, an alarm is triggered as long as any one of the signals exceeds the threshold allowable range.

[0064] In step 3, the lifting and balancing controller reads the amplitude signal in real time, compares it with the standard balancing position set by the system, and provides guidance on the amplitude change direction.

[0065] Step 4, determining the completion status of balancing based on ultrasonic and tilt angle measurements, includes:

[0066] Step 4-1: Read the jacking frame width D, standard section width d, and ultrasonic radar thickness h from the input tower crane basic information.

[0067] Step 4-2: Read the real-time monitoring values ​​from the tilt sensor and the ultrasonic radar ranging. Establish a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system, with the horizontal plane and the line intersecting the contact surface between the tilt sensor and the tower as the x-axis, and the vertically upward direction as the z-axis. Let the tilt angle in the x-direction be rot(x), and the tilt angle in the y-direction be rot(y). The maximum ultrasonic radar ranging value is L1, the minimum ultrasonic radar ranging value is L2, and the wind speed is W.

[0068] Step 4-3: Determine whether the tower crane balancing is complete based on the tower crane balancing status formula. If balancing is complete, a balancing completion message will be displayed; if the balancing completion conditions are not met, an alarm will be triggered. Let δ be the safety margin. The balancing status formula is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] In step 4, the lifting and leveling controller also includes a display unit for displaying the acquired wind speed information, ultrasonic ranging information, tilt angle information, leveling completion indicator information, etc.

[0071] This invention also proposes a tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring system for implementing the above method, the system comprising:

[0072] Wind speed and direction measuring device, namely wind speed and direction sensor, is used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment;

[0073] An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at any given moment.

[0074] Inclination measuring device, inclination sensor, used to measure the inclination angle between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at the current moment;

[0075] Amplitude measurement device, used to acquire amplitude signals in real time;

[0076] Edge intelligent devices are used to remotely transmit ultrasonic ranging values;

[0077] Except for the ultrasonic ranging device, all the aforementioned measuring devices are connected to the jacking and balancing controller. The ultrasonic ranging device is connected to an edge intelligent device. The jacking and balancing controller is used to determine the jacking safety requirements of the tower crane, whether the load is in place, and the completion status of balancing. The jacking and balancing controller also includes:

[0078] The display unit is used to display the measurement information acquired by the above-mentioned measuring device, as well as the judgment status and alarm information.

[0079] The network transmission unit is used to save the data generated by the tower crane leveling monitoring system to the cloud.

[0080] Example:

[0081] This invention provides a method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the hardware required for this method includes a lifting and leveling controller, an inclination measurement device, an ultrasonic ranging device, a wind speed and direction measurement device and an amplitude measurement device, as well as edge intelligent devices.

[0082] This embodiment specifically illustrates the lifting and leveling state of a tower crane model, as shown in the example. Figure 2 As shown, the tower crane column comprises 5 standard sections, each measuring 23cm × 23cm × 26cm, and the jacking frame measures 33cm × 33cm × 73cm. The tilt measuring device consists of two tilt sensors, each mounted on the tower body and the jacking frame. The wind speed and direction device can be installed at the tower crane head, preferably at the highest point of the tower crane; specifically, it can be an anemometer, and the amplitude sensor can be an encoder connected to the luffing motor. The ultrasonic ranging device is mounted on the jacking frame and should ensure that the distance to the tower body can be monitored throughout the balancing process; however, this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0083] Except for the ultrasonic ranging device, all of the above measuring devices are connected to the jacking and balancing controller. The ultrasonic ranging device is connected to the edge intelligent device. The jacking and balancing controller is used to determine the jacking safety requirements of the tower crane, determine whether the load is in place, and determine the balancing completion status.

[0084] The ultrasonic ranging device consists of eight ultrasonic radars connected to an edge intelligent device. The ultrasonic ranging values ​​are transmitted to the edge intelligent device via a serial port. The edge intelligent device calculates the maximum ranging value L1 and the minimum ranging value L2 of the eight ultrasonic radars and wirelessly transmits the distance values ​​to the lifting and leveling controller via UDP protocol. The ultrasonic ranging device and the lifting and leveling controller are not connected by cables, which can avoid cable damage during the lifting process. The edge intelligent device can be a microcontroller with a wireless module.

[0085] The lifting and leveling controller also includes:

[0086] The display unit is used to display the measurement information acquired by the above-mentioned measuring device, as well as the judgment status and alarm information.

[0087] The network transmission unit is used to save the data generated by the tower crane leveling monitoring system to the cloud.

[0088] Tower crane leveling monitoring process as follows Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include: Step 1, inputting and correcting basic tower crane information, including standard balancing position, standard section dimensions, and jacking frame dimensions; Step 2, determining jacking safety requirements, including the acquisition and judgment of wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals; Step 3, determining whether the load is in place, and providing luffing direction guidance during the load placement process; Step 4, determining the balancing completion status based on the ultrasonic and tilt angle measurement values.

[0089] Step 1: Inputting and correcting the tower crane's basic information. The input interface is a visual interface implemented by software programming, and the basic information is saved to the control system's storage.

[0090] Step 1, the basic information includes standard balancing position 40cm, standard balancing mass 20kg, standard section size 23cm×23cm×26cm, lifting frame size 33cm×33cm×73cm, number of standard sections 5, boom length 80cm, and ultrasonic sensor thickness value 1cm, etc.

[0091] Step 2, the acquisition of wind speed signal, ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal is completed by the following sensors:

[0092] Wind speed and direction sensors are used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment;

[0093] An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the lifting frame and the tower body at the current moment;

[0094] Inclination sensor is used to measure the current inclination angle between the tower crane's lifting frame and the tower body;

[0095] Step 2: The determination of the wind speed signal, ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal is all completed in the lifting and leveling controller.

[0096] Step 2: The lifting and leveling controller reads the wind speed signal, ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal in real time, compares them with the threshold set by the system, and adopts a multi-indicator parallel early warning method. That is, an alarm will be triggered as long as any one of the signals exceeds the threshold allowable range.

[0097] Step 3: The lifting and balancing controller reads the amplitude signal in real time, compares it with the standard balancing position set by the system, and provides guidance on the amplitude change direction.

[0098] Step 4, the installation positions of the tilt measuring device and the ultrasonic ranging device are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the installation location and key parameters of the tilt measuring device and ultrasonic radar are shown in the cross-sectional view. Figure 4 As shown, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The following analysis examines the basis for the formulaic expression of the balancing state of tower cranes:

[0099] Let the horizontal plane and the straight line intersecting the contact surface between the tilt sensor and the tower be the x-axis, and the vertical upward direction be the z-axis. Establish a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system. The width D of the lifting frame is 33cm, the width d of the standard section is 23cm, the thickness h of the ultrasonic radar is 1cm, the tilt angle in the x-direction is rot(x), the tilt angle in the y-direction is rot(y), the wind speed is W, the maximum value of the ultrasonic radar ranging is L1, the minimum value of the ultrasonic radar ranging is L2, and the safety margin δ is 1cm.

[0100] The standard GB / T5031-2008 for tower cranes clearly requires that the wind speed at the top of the tower crane must not exceed 12 m / s during installation, dismantling, and jacking. Therefore, the first formula for the balancing state of a tower crane can be derived:

[0101] W < 12

[0102] Consulting the tower crane operation manual reveals the following: the tower crane is in a balanced state when the lower slewing outrigger and the tower upright are on the same vertical line, and the gaps between the 16 climbing guide wheels of the support frame and the tower upright are basically the same.

[0103] When determining whether the lower slewing outrigger and the tower upright are on the same vertical line, we use the inclination angle values ​​along the x and y directions. According to national standards, the absolute value of the inclination angle between the lifting frame and the tower should be kept within 4‰. To ensure that the lower slewing outrigger and the tower upright are on the same vertical line, referring to national standards and through multiple tests, it is stipulated that the difference in inclination angle between the lifting frame and the tower in the x and y directions should be less than 4‰, thus limiting the rotational degrees of freedom of the lifting frame and the standard section in the x and y directions. From this, we can derive the second formula for the jacking and leveling state of the tower crane:

[0104]

[0105] Regarding the question of whether the gaps between the 16 climbing guide rollers on the lifting frame and the tower uprights are essentially the same, we state that the gaps between the lifting frame and the standard section in the x and y directions should be essentially consistent. This stipulation constrains the degrees of freedom of movement of the lifting frame and the standard section in the x and y directions. Since multiple ultrasonic ranging devices are arranged in the x and y directions respectively, it also constrains the rotational degree of freedom along the z-axis. From this, we can derive the third formula for the jacking and leveling state of the tower crane:

[0106]

[0107] Based on the theory of degrees of freedom and constraints according to mechanical principles, the aforementioned constraints restrict the degree of freedom of the jacking frame to movement along the z-axis, thereby enabling a scientific and accurate judgment of the jacking and balancing state of the tower crane. This method has been verified in practice and is highly feasible.

[0108] Step 4, determining the completion status of balancing based on ultrasonic and tilt angle measurements includes:

[0109] Step 4-1: Read the basic information of the tower crane, including the width D of the lifting frame, the width d of the standard section, the thickness h of the ultrasonic radar, and the safety margin δ of 1cm.

[0110] Step 4-2: Read the real-time monitoring values ​​from the tilt sensor and the ultrasonic radar ranging. Establish a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system, with the horizontal plane and the line intersecting the contact surface between the tilt sensor and the tower as the x-axis, and the vertically upward direction as the z-axis. Let the tilt angle in the x-direction be rot(x), the tilt angle in the y-direction be rot(y), the maximum ultrasonic radar ranging value be L1, the minimum ultrasonic radar ranging value be L2, and the wind speed be W. Step 4-3: Determine whether the tower crane balancing is complete based on the tower crane balancing status formula. If balancing is complete, display a balancing completion message; if the balancing completion conditions are not met, trigger an alarm. The balancing status formula is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Step 4: The jacking and leveling controller also includes a display unit for displaying acquired wind speed information, ultrasonic ranging information, tilt angle information, and leveling completion indicator information. Table 1 illustrates this with four sets of measured data:

[0113] Table 1 Measured Data

[0114]

[0115] For measured data 1, W does not exceed the wind speed safety threshold, but rot(x) exceeds the tilt angle safety threshold, which does not meet the jacking safety requirements, and the system safety alarm is triggered.

[0116] For measured data 2, rot(x) and rot(y) did not exceed the tilt angle safety threshold, but W exceeded the wind speed safety threshold, which did not meet the jacking safety requirements, and the system safety alarm was triggered.

[0117] For measured data 3, W, rot(x) and rot(y) did not exceed the safety threshold, but L2 exceeded the balancing requirement threshold, triggering a balancing alarm in the system and causing the balancing indicator light to turn off.

[0118] For measured data 4, W, rot(x) and rot(y) did not exceed the safety threshold, and L1 and L2 did not exceed the balancing requirement threshold. The system did not alarm, and the balancing indicator light lit up.

[0119] In its specific implementation, this application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit. The computer storage medium is capable of storing a computer program, which, when executed by the data processing unit, can run the invention content of a tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring method provided by this invention, as well as some or all of the steps in various embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using computer programs and their corresponding general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of computer programs, i.e., software products. These computer program software products can be stored in a storage medium and include several instructions to cause a device containing a data processing unit (which may be a personal computer, server, microcontroller, MCU, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0121] This invention provides a concept and method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of tower cranes. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the basic information of the tower crane, including at least: standard balancing position, standard section size, jacking frame size, number of standard sections, boom length and ultrasonic sensor thickness value; Step 2, determine the safety requirements for the tower crane's jacking, specifically including: collecting wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals, and making a safety judgment on the above signals; collecting wind speed signals, ultrasonic ranging signals, and tilt angle signals is accomplished through sensors installed on the tower crane; The sensor mentioned above includes at least: Wind speed and direction sensors are used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment; An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at any given moment. Inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination angle between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at the current moment; Step 3: Determine if the load is in place. If not, provide luffing direction guidance during the load placement process. Step 4: Determine the balancing completion status based on the measured values ​​of the ultrasonic ranging signal and tilt angle signal, specifically including: Step 4-1: Read the basic tower crane information set in Step 1, including at least: the width D of the jacking frame and the width of the standard section. And the thickness of the ultrasonic ranging device ; Step 4-2: Read the measured values ​​of the tilt angle signal and the ultrasonic ranging signal acquired in real time in Step 2; Let the intersection of the contact surface between the tilt sensor and the tower body and the horizontal plane be the x-axis, and the vertical upward direction be the z-axis. Establish a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system, and let the tilt angle in the x-direction be denoted as . The tilt angle in the y direction is... The measured value of the ultrasonic ranging device The real-time wind speed is w; Step 4-3: Determine whether the tower crane balancing is complete based on the tower crane balancing status formula, as detailed below: ； in, The preset safety margin is used. If the above formula is met, the balancing is considered complete and a balancing completion prompt is given. Otherwise, the balancing is considered incomplete and an alarm is triggered.

2. The method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety assessment described in step 2 is performed by the lifting and leveling controller.

3. The method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting and leveling controller mentioned in step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Real-time reading of wind speed, ultrasonic ranging, and tilt angle signals obtained from sensors; The above signal is compared with a preset threshold. If any signal exceeds the threshold in the comparison results, an alarm will be triggered.

4. The method for monitoring the jacking and leveling of a tower crane according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step 3, determining whether the load is in place, specifically includes: Step 3-1: Install an amplitude measuring device on the tower crane to collect amplitude signals in real time; Step 3-2: Use the lifting and leveling controller to read the above amplitude signal in real time and compare it with the preset standard leveling position. If the preset position is not reached, it is determined that the load is not in place. Step 3-3: If it is determined that the load is not in place, calculate the difference between the amplitude signal and the preset marked balance position to provide guidance on the amplitude change direction.

5. A tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring system, used to implement any of the methods described in claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The system includes: Wind speed and direction measuring device, namely wind speed and direction sensor, is used to measure the wind speed and direction at the head of the tower crane at the current moment; An ultrasonic ranging device is used to measure the distance between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at any given moment. Inclination measuring device, inclination sensor, used to measure the inclination angle between the tower crane's jacking frame and the tower body at the current moment; Amplitude measurement device, used to acquire amplitude signals in real time; Edge intelligent devices are used to remotely transmit ultrasonic ranging values; Except for the ultrasonic ranging device, all of the above measuring devices are connected to the jacking and balancing controller. The ultrasonic ranging device is connected to the edge intelligent device. The jacking and balancing controller is used to determine the jacking safety requirements of the tower crane, determine whether the load is in place, and determine the balancing completion status.

6. The tower crane jacking and leveling monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting and leveling controller also includes: The display unit is used to display the measurement information acquired by the above-mentioned measuring device, as well as the judgment status and alarm information.

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