Non-stick materials, non-stick coatings, non-stick cookware, and methods for manufacturing non-stick cookware

Abstract

This application provides a non-stick material, a non-stick coating, non-stick cookware, and a method for manufacturing non-stick cookware. The non-stick material is a mixture of non-stick particles, a pore-forming agent, and a binder. The non-stick particles, by weight percentage, comprise: 15% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 40%, 1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 5%, 0.1% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 1%, 0.1% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 1%, 1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 5%, 0.5% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 3%, 0.2% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.3%, and 50% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 70%. According to the non-stick material of this application, a non-stick coating possessing both initial and long-lasting non-stick properties can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of non-stick cookware technology, and more specifically, to a non-stick material for cookware, a non-stick coating, non-stick cookware, and a method for manufacturing non-stick cookware. Background Technology

[0002] Fluoropolymer coatings are common non-stick coatings in this field. However, while non-stick coatings made with fluoropolymer coatings have excellent initial non-stick properties, they are easily damaged by spatulas and prone to aging or decomposition due to high temperatures during use. These problems have seriously affected the service life of coatings formed with fluoropolymer coatings, resulting in generally poor long-term non-stick properties.

[0003] Therefore, developing non-stick materials for cookware that combine initial non-stick properties with long-lasting non-stick properties remains a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a non-stick material for cookware, a non-stick coating, non-stick cookware, and a method for manufacturing non-stick cookware, so as to solve the problem that existing non-stick materials cannot simultaneously possess both initial non-stick and durable non-stick properties.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a non-stick material is provided for cookware, wherein the non-stick material is a mixture of non-stick particles, a pore-forming agent, and an adhesive, wherein the composition of the non-stick particles, by weight percentage, includes: 15% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 40%, 1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 5%, 0.1% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 1%, 0.1% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 1%, 1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 5%, 0.5% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 3%, 0.2% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.3%, and 50% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 70%.

[0006] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the non-stick particles, the pore-forming agent, and the adhesive is (100-200):(0.5-1):(8-15).

[0007] In some embodiments, the non-stick particles have a particle size of 600-1000 mesh; and / or the pore-forming agent has a particle size of 50μm-80μm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pore-forming agent includes at least one of sawdust, walnut shell powder, carbon particles, sugar granules, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, plastic particles, inorganic ammonium salts, hollow alumina spheres, and hollow glass microspheres; and / or the adhesive includes at least one of starch paste, methylcellulose, and alcohol-based adhesives.

[0009] In some embodiments, the non-stick particles are silicate materials.

[0010] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for preparing a non-stick coating is provided, wherein the method for preparing a non-stick coating includes: providing the non-stick material described in the above embodiments; pressing the non-stick material into a non-stick blank; and sintering the non-stick blank to obtain a non-stick coating having predetermined pores.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of sintering the non-stick preform includes: drying the non-stick preform at 80°C-90°C for 10 min-30 min; and sintering the dried non-stick preform at 1100-1350°C for 2 h-4 h to obtain a non-stick coating with predetermined pores.

[0012] According to a third aspect of this application, a non-stick coating is provided, wherein the non-stick coating comprises a non-stick coating prepared according to the method for preparing a non-stick coating provided in the above embodiments.

[0013] In some embodiments, the non-stick coating has at least one of the following characteristics: the thickness of the non-stick coating is 80 μm-200 μm; the surface energy of the non-stick coating is 30 dynes to 80 dynes; the porosity of the non-stick coating is 20% to 40%; the pore size of the non-stick coating is 1 μm to 20 μm; the hardness of the non-stick coating is 400 HV to 700 HV; the volume percentage of the amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55%-75%; and the color of the non-stick coating is black.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a non-stick cookware is provided, wherein the non-stick cookware includes a substrate and a non-stick coating formed on the substrate, the non-stick coating including the non-stick coating provided in the various embodiments described above.

[0015] In some embodiments, the nonstick cookware further includes a sealing layer comprising grease or silicone oil for filling the surface pores of the nonstick coating.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of this application, a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware is provided, wherein the method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware includes: providing a substrate; and forming a non-stick coating on the substrate using the method for preparing a non-stick coating provided in the above embodiments.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method of manufacturing non-stick cookware further includes: forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating to seal the surface pores of the non-stick coating.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes: immersing the non-stick coating in silicone oil with a molecular weight of 10,000-20,000 and sintering it at a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined time to form a sealing layer on the non-stick coating; or immersing the non-stick coating in grease at a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined time, so that the grease penetrates into the surface pores of the non-stick coating to form a sealing layer on the non-stick coating. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or other features and aspects of the inventive concept will become clear and readily understood through the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is an XRD pattern of non-stick particles provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cookware provided in the embodiment of this application after being cut along the thickness direction;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point I;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the non-stick coating and sealing layer of this application after being cut along the thickness direction.

[0024] Symbol explanation:

[0025] 100. Non-stick cookware; 110. Substrate; 120. Non-stick coating; 130. Base coat; 140. Sealing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example embodiments of the inventive concept will now be described in more detail. While example embodiments of the inventive concept are described below, it should be understood that the inventive concept can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the inventive concept to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Fluoropolymer coatings are common non-stick materials in this field. However, while non-stick coatings made with fluorine-based coatings have excellent initial non-stick properties, they are easily damaged by spatulas and prone to aging or decomposition due to high temperatures during use. These problems have seriously affected the service life of coatings formed with fluorine-based coatings, resulting in generally poor long-term non-stick properties. Furthermore, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) are indispensable raw materials for the synthesis of fluorine-based coatings. As industry regulations on PFAS become increasingly stringent, the withdrawal of fluorine-based coatings from the non-stick cookware market is inevitable. This also means that the materials available for cookware coatings are gradually decreasing, thus creating a pressing need for developing new non-stick materials in the cookware manufacturing industry.

[0028] Currently, no material with a lower surface energy than fluoropolymer coatings has been found, but the demand for non-stick coatings in the cookware industry remains constant. Ceramic coatings are now considered a potential replacement for fluoropolymer coatings. While the initial non-stick properties of ceramic coatings may be close to those of fluoropolymer coatings, the silicone oil is quickly consumed by high temperatures during cooking, causing them to lose their non-stick effect. Therefore, the long-lasting non-stick properties of ceramic coatings cannot meet the non-stick requirements of cookware.

[0029] With the development of the non-stick industry, spraying materials based on metals (e.g., iron, stainless steel, low-carbon steel, high-carbon steel, cast iron, and copper) or ceramics (e.g., titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, iron(II,III) oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide) have emerged. These materials can form a non-stick coating, a technology known in the industry as "coating-free non-stick technology." "Coating-free" simply means that it does not use organic coatings such as fluorinated or ceramic coatings. While the coating formed by these spraying materials is wear-resistant, cookware with this coating only exhibits non-stick properties when oily, and its initial non-stick performance is poor. It usually requires modification with materials that have good non-stick properties, such as polysiloxanes or fluorinated materials, to meet national standards for initial non-stick performance. Furthermore, the non-stick properties of these materials decrease rapidly after wear, and residual polysiloxanes can have a counterproductive effect on non-stick performance, making it even worse than before modification.

[0030] As can be seen from the above, existing non-stick materials struggle to achieve both initial and long-lasting non-stick properties. Therefore, developing new non-stick materials that combine both initial and long-lasting non-stick properties plays a crucial role in the cookware manufacturing industry.

[0031] According to a first aspect of this application, a non-stick material is provided for cookware, wherein the non-stick material is a mixture of non-stick particles, a pore-forming agent, and an adhesive, wherein the main components of the non-stick particles, by weight percentage, include: 15% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 40%, 1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 5%, 0.1% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 1%, 0.1% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 1%, 1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 5%, 0.5% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 3%, 0.2% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.3%, and 50% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 70%.

[0032] According to this application, the non-stick particles containing the components and amounts specified in this application have low surface energy, certain wear resistance, and hardness. The non-stick coating formed by the non-stick material including the non-stick particles containing the components and amounts specified in this application has low surface energy, as well as wear resistance and hardness, thus ensuring the durable non-stick performance of the coating. However, tests show that although the initial non-stick properties of the non-stick coating are good, generally at level II, it may still not provide a high level of user experience and cannot enhance the competitiveness of the product. Therefore, a mixture of non-stick particles, pore-forming agents, and adhesives is used as the non-stick material. The non-stick material containing the aforementioned pore-forming agent forms a coating with mostly open pores after sintering, which makes the coating of the cookware easy to retain oil, thereby ensuring the initial non-stick properties of the cookware. Therefore, when this non-stick coating is applied to cookware, it not only obtains durable non-stick properties due to the properties of the non-stick particles, but also further optimizes the initial non-stick properties due to its ability to retain oil. Thus, the non-stick coating can combine both initial and durable non-stick properties.

[0033] According to this application, the non-stick material is a mixture of non-stick particles, a pore-forming agent, and a binder. The mass ratio of the non-stick particles, pore-forming agent, and binder can be (100-200):(0.5-1):(8-15), respectively. The particle size of the non-stick particles is 600-1000 mesh, the particle size of the pore-forming agent is 50μm-80μm, and the viscosity of the binder is 100cp-500cp.

[0034] According to this application, non-stick particles are used as the main non-stick component in the mixed slurry. The non-stick particles according to this application will now be described in detail.

[0035] Provide non-stick particles

[0036] The non-stick particles according to this application will now be described in detail.

[0037] According to this application, the chemical composition of the non-stick particles, by weight percentage, includes: 15% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 40%, 1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 5%, 0.1% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 1%, 0.1% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 1%, 1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 5%, 0.5% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 3%, 0.2% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.3%, and 50% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 70%.

[0038] In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the non-stick particles, by weight percentage, includes: 18% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 30%, 1.1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 4%, 0.2% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 0.8%, 0.2% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 0.8%, 1.1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 4%, 1% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 2.5%, 0.3% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.0%, and 60% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 69.59%.

[0039] In this embodiment, the non-stick particles are not a mixture formed by directly mixing the above components, but a material with a basalt-like component structure.

[0040] According to the non-stick particles provided in the embodiments of this application, a non-stick coating with a preset amorphous phase volume ratio can be formed on cookware. Compared with coatings with a crystalline structure, the non-stick coating with an amorphous phase volume ratio has a low surface energy due to its amorphous properties, thus exhibiting excellent non-stick properties. In addition, the non-stick particles with an amorphous structure have a certain degree of hardness and wear resistance, which can further improve the scratch resistance of the non-stick coating formed by the non-stick particles.

[0041] According to this application, the non-stick particles may include silicon dioxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide. The non-stick particles can be materials with an amorphous phase volume fraction of 55%-75%. Compared to crystalline non-stick particles, non-stick particles with a certain degree of amorphousness can achieve a non-stick coating with a relatively higher amorphous phase volume fraction.

[0042] Figure 1 This is an XRD pattern of non-stick particles provided according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the characteristic peaks are not particularly obvious, and there are many disordered impurity peaks, indicating poor crystallinity. This suggests that the non-sticky particles have an amorphous structure. Calculations using conventional full-spectrum fitting methods show that the amorphous phase volume ratio of the non-sticky particles is 68%.

[0043] According to this application, the non-stick particles can be silicate-based inorganic non-metallic materials. In the non-stick particles, the various components are composited and collectively present as a silicate-based material. Specifically, silica in the non-stick particles mainly acts as a framework, while other components primarily provide metal cations. The silica, acting as a framework, is used to connect the metal cations. Furthermore, in the non-stick particles according to this application, multiple metal atoms occupy their original lattice positions, causing lattice distortion. Excessive atomic size differences may even lead to excessively high lattice distortion energy, making it impossible to maintain the crystal lattice configuration, thus causing the lattice to collapse and form an amorphous structure, resulting in a surface energy far lower than conventional materials. Moreover, the more types of metal cations in the material composition, the greater the degree of crystal distortion, which is more conducive to forming a higher degree of amorphousness.

[0044] In the non-stick particles for cookware provided according to this application, the non-stick particles are reaction products formed by the mutual "chelation" of the various main components, and exist as a silicate material as a whole. According to this application, the non-stick particles have at least one of a framework structure and a chain structure. As an example, in some embodiments, the silicate material may include NaAlSi3O8, which has a framework structure, in which some silicon atoms are replaced by aluminum atoms with larger radii, and all oxygen atoms are inert oxygen. The formed aluminosilicate anion can better adsorb metal cations, resulting in a large degree of distortion. In other embodiments, the silicate material may include Ca(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6], which has a chain structure, in which some silicon atoms are replaced by aluminum atoms with larger radii, and the material contains a variety of metal cations, resulting in a large degree of distortion.

[0045] In the embodiments, based on the total weight of the non-stick particles (100%), the silica content can be 15wt%-40wt%, optionally 15wt%-30wt%, 20wt%-30wt%, 15wt%-20wt%, or 15wt%-25wt%. The aluminum oxide content can be 1wt%-5wt%, optionally 1wt%-4wt%, 2wt%-3wt%, 2wt%-5wt%, or 3wt%-4wt%. The potassium oxide content can be 0.1wt%-1wt%, optionally 0.1wt%-0.9wt%, 0.2wt%-0.8wt%, 0.3wt%-0.7wt%, or 0.4wt%-1wt%. The sodium oxide content can be 0.1wt%-1wt%, optionally 0.1wt%-0.9wt%, 0.4wt%-0.8wt%, 0.3wt%-0.7wt%, or 0.4wt%-1wt%. The calcium oxide content can be 1wt%-5wt%, optionally 1wt%-3wt%, 2wt%-4wt%, 3wt%-0.5wt%, or 2wt%-5wt%. The magnesium oxide content can be 0.5wt%-3wt%, optionally 0.5wt%-2.5wt%, 1wt%-3wt%, 1.5wt%-3wt%, or 2wt%-3wt%. The titanium dioxide content is 0.2%-1.3%, optionally 0.2wt%-1.0wt%, 0.5wt%-1.3wt%, 0.9wt%-1.2wt%, or 0.8wt%-1.1wt%. The total content of iron oxide and ferrous oxide can be 50wt%-70wt%, and optionally, the content of iron oxide and ferrous oxide can be 50wt%-60wt%, 60wt%-70wt%, 50wt%-65wt%, or 55wt%-65wt%.

[0046] In some embodiments, the non-stick particles are black, primarily due to the iron oxide in the composition. The black non-stick particles do not change color after sintering, thus forming a black non-stick coating. On one hand, the black non-stick coating softens the contrast of the charred color, enhancing the user's visual experience; on the other hand, due to the inherent properties of the non-stick particles, the resulting coating is more brittle than coatings formed from metal materials, making it easier to polish during use and ensuring the cookware remains clean and new.

[0047] In some embodiments, the average particle size of the non-stick particles is in the range of 600 mesh to 1000 mesh. If the average particle size of the non-stick particles is greater than 600 mesh, the contact area between powder particles is small during sintering, the diffusion connection between substances is slow, the sintering efficiency is low, and the coating strength is poor; if the average particle size of the non-stick particles is less than 1000 mesh, the excessively fine particles are prone to adsorbing a large amount of gas, which hinders the contact between particles and impedes sintering.

[0048] According to this application, a method for manufacturing non-stick particles is provided. Specifically, the non-stick particles according to this application can be obtained from basalt.

[0049] Step S101: Prepare basalt.

[0050] In this embodiment, the basalt used here can be commercially available large blocks of natural basalt.

[0051] Step S102 involves preliminary crushing of the basalt. Specifically, a jaw crusher is used to break the original large blocks of basalt into smaller pieces with a diameter of 1cm-5cm.

[0052] Step S103, mineral processing and purification, involves processing the basalt after preliminary crushing based on its appearance characteristics to remove basalt containing impurities visible to the naked eye.

[0053] Step S104, coarse grinding: use a Raymond mill to grind the beneficiated and purified basalt into powder with a diameter of 0.1mm-1mm.

[0054] Step S105, gravity separation to remove impurities: The basalt powder is further purified by gravity separation to remove as much mud and other impurities as possible from the basalt powder.

[0055] Step S106: Fine grinding. A medium-speed micro-mill is used to further refine the basalt powder that has undergone gravity separation to remove impurities, bringing the powder to the micron level, for example, 75μm-150μm, equivalent to 100-200 mesh. This yields initial non-sticky particles with the aforementioned compositional range.

[0056] Step S107: The initial non-stick particles are crushed to obtain the non-stick particles according to this application, wherein the particle size of the non-stick particles is 600-1000 mesh, and the non-stick particles are materials with an amorphous phase volume ratio in the range of 55%-75%.

[0057] In this application, the non-stick particles obtained by the above method are materials with a certain amorphous phase volume ratio. For example, the amorphous phase volume ratio is generally in the range of 55%-75%. The non-stick particles can be pretreated to obtain non-stick particles with a higher amorphous phase volume ratio. Specifically, the steps for providing non-stick particles include: providing initial non-stick particles; sintering the initial non-stick particles at 1300℃-1500℃ for 3-5 hours, and then cooling them at a preset cooling rate to obtain non-stick particles with a preset amorphous phase volume ratio. The preset cooling rate can be achieved by cooling the non-stick particles under cold air conditions. For example, the preset cooling rate can be 50℃ / s-100℃ / s. According to this application, the non-stick particles after certain pretreatment have a preset amorphous phase volume ratio, which can be in the range of 60%-80%. It can be understood that the non-stick particles are materials with an amorphous phase volume ratio in the range of 60%-80%.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the particle size of the non-stick particles before sintering can be in the range of 100-200 mesh. The method for preparing the non-stick material further includes crushing the non-stick particles obtained after sintering to obtain non-stick particles with a particle size of 600-1000 mesh and a preset amorphous phase volume ratio.

[0059] In some embodiments, the non-stick particles are spherical or near-spherical in shape. These spherical or near-spherical non-stick particles can form a densely packed spherical structure during sintering, thus exhibiting good strength. The non-stick particles exist in the mixed slurry with multiple particle sizes. By selecting powders with a combination of particle sizes as the non-stick particles in this application, a non-stick coating with closely packed particles can be obtained. Here, "near-spherical" can mean that the non-stick particles have, for example, an ellipsoidal shape. It should be noted that this application does not excessively limit the shape of the non-stick particles.

[0060] According to this application, a pore-forming agent can give the non-stick coating formed by the non-stick material a predetermined porosity during the sintering process. In exemplary embodiments, the pore-forming agent includes sawdust, walnut shell powder, carbon particles, sugar granules, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, plastic particles, inorganic ammonium salts, and hollow glass microspheres. Preferably, the pore-forming agent is hollow glass microspheres, whose main component is borosilicate, and whose wall thickness is 1μm-2μm. Considering environmental safety, pore-forming effect, and coating strength, hollow glass microspheres are chosen because they are non-toxic and harmless, have a good pore-forming effect, and the pore size can be adjusted (e.g., by selecting suitable cavities of hollow glass microspheres to form predetermined pores). Furthermore, its composition is closer to that of non-stick particles, resulting in a better bonding effect.

[0061] The pore-forming agents in this application can be divided into three categories. The first category includes sawdust, walnut shell powder, carbon particles, sugar granules, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, and plastic particles. These are organic materials that form pores by generating gas through high-temperature combustion during sintering. The second category includes inorganic ammonium salts, whose pore-forming principle is decomposition into ammonia gas at high temperatures, leaving pores. The third category also includes hollow glass microspheres, which are tiny, hollow spherical powders. These microspheres inherently possess closed pores. During high-temperature sintering, the glass softening temperature is low; above 600℃, it softens and forms a liquid phase. This facilitates material migration, promotes reaction sintering, and enhances the strength of the non-stick coating. Furthermore, it creates numerous open pores, providing excellent oil absorption and retention.

[0062] In existing technologies, cookware with porous oil-retaining structures typically forms its pores through oxidation processes such as micro-arc oxidation and anodic oxidation. However, the resulting oxide film has small pore diameters, only 1 micrometer or even nanometers in size, and these pores are straight, resulting in poor oil absorption and retention capacity. Some cookware coatings also have pores originating from the material's own pores, which are small in diameter and mostly closed-cell, also exhibiting poor oil absorption and retention capacity. Furthermore, pores can be formed through the accumulation of powder materials during thermal spraying, but the pores formed by thermal spraying are also closed-cell, with a porosity typically not exceeding 30%, resulting in poor oil absorption and retention capacity.

[0063] According to this application, the non-stick material containing the aforementioned pore-forming agent will form predetermined pores after the sintering process. These predetermined pores are open pores, not through-holes. According to this application, the particle size of the predetermined pores is at the micrometer level, exhibiting excellent oil absorption and storage effects. In this document, an open pore is a hole closed at one end and open at the other, or a hole with both ends connected. A through-hole is a vertically downward-facing straight hole, allowing oil to easily enter and exit.

[0064] According to this application, the adhesive is used to bond individual particles in the mixed slurry, and the adhesive includes starch paste, methylcellulose adhesive, and alcohol-based adhesive. The alcohol-based adhesive can be polyethylene glycol. In the mixed slurry, although some of the adhesive will form pores during the sintering process, the type of pores formed by the adhesive is random, generally open pores or closed pores. Closed pores are pores closed at both ends. Since the mass proportion of the adhesive in this application is extremely small, the influence of this portion of the pores is obviously negligible.

[0065] According to this application, a method for preparing a non-stick material is provided, wherein the method for preparing a non-stick material includes:

[0066] Step S101: Provide non-stick particles, pore-forming agent and adhesive.

[0067] Step S102: Mix the non-stick particles, pore-forming agent and adhesive evenly to form the non-stick material of this application.

[0068] In step S102, the mixing step includes first mixing the adhesive and pore-forming agent evenly to form a suspension, and then mixing the suspension with the non-stick particles to obtain the non-stick material of this application. This ensures that the components in the non-stick material are evenly mixed. It should be noted that this application does not intentionally limit the mixing order of the materials.

[0069] In step S102, the stirring speed needs to be controlled during the mixing process to prevent some components from breaking (e.g., to prevent hollow glass microspheres from breaking) and affecting the final result. In an exemplary embodiment, the stirring speed can be between 100 r / min and 200 r / min.

[0070] According to this application, the non-stick material is in the form of a paste, wherein the viscosity of the paste is 500cp-2000cp.

[0071] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for preparing a non-stick coating is provided, wherein the non-stick coating is a non-stick coating for cookware, and the method for preparing the non-stick coating includes:

[0072] Step S201: Provide non-stick material.

[0073] Step S202: Press the non-stick material into a non-stick blank.

[0074] Step S203: Sinter the non-stick preform to obtain a non-stick coating with predetermined pores.

[0075] Provide non-stick materials

[0076] According to this application, the non-stick material can be the non-stick material provided in the above embodiments. The viscosity of the non-stick material (mixture slurry) can be in the range of 500cp-2000cp, thereby enabling it to reliably adhere to the substrate described below to form a non-stick preform.

[0077] Press the non-stick material into a non-stick blank.

[0078] According to this application, a prepared non-stick material is coated and extruded onto the surface of a substrate to form a film layer, wherein the thickness of the film layer is 80 μm-200 μm. In an exemplary embodiment, the pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa.

[0079] According to this application, a mold that matches the cookware can be set up, and the surface flatness of the non-stick blank can be guaranteed by the mold.

[0080] Sintered non-stick green body

[0081] According to this application, the sintering step of the non-stick preform includes first drying the non-stick preform at 80℃-90℃ for 10min-30min, then sintering the dried non-stick preform at 1100-1350℃ for 2h-4h, and then cooling it in the furnace to obtain a non-stick coating.

[0082] According to a third aspect of this application, a non-stick coating is provided, wherein the non-stick coating includes a non-stick coating prepared by the method for preparing a non-stick coating according to the above embodiments, or includes a non-stick coating provided according to the above embodiments.

[0083] In the embodiments, the non-stick coating has at least the following characteristics: the thickness of the non-stick preform is 80 μm to 200 μm; and / or the surface energy of the non-stick coating is 30 dynes to 80 dynes; the porosity of the non-stick coating is 20% to 40%; and / or the pore size of the non-stick coating is 1 μm to 20 μm; and / or the hardness of the non-stick coating is 400 HV to 700 HV; the volume fraction of the amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55% to 75%; and / or the color of the non-stick coating is black.

[0084] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a non-stick cookware is provided, wherein the non-stick cookware includes a substrate and a non-stick coating disposed on the substrate, the non-stick coating including the non-stick coating provided in the above embodiments.

[0085] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cookware provided in the embodiment of this application after being cut along the thickness direction. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point I. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 The non-stick cookware 100 may include a substrate 110 and a non-stick coating 120. In some embodiments, the formed non-stick coating may have a thickness of 40 μm to 100 μm.

[0086] In some embodiments, the substrate can be made of conventional metal materials. The non-stick material belongs to the category of ceramic materials, and its adhesion to the metal substrate is relatively poor. In order to increase the adhesion between the non-stick coating and the substrate, the cookware further includes a base coat 130 made of metal material, wherein the base coat 130 is disposed between the substrate 110 and the non-stick coating 120.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, the undercoat can be prepared by thermal spraying or cold spraying of a metal material. The undercoat material is selected from conventional metal materials, such as at least one of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, iron alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, zinc, zinc alloy, copper, copper alloy, zirconium, and zirconium alloy.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the underlayer is in the range of 30μm-60μm.

[0089] In some embodiments, one side (lower surface) of the non-stick coating is connected to the undercoat or substrate, and the other side (upper surface) of the non-stick coating can directly serve as the inner surface of the cookware. To further enhance the non-stick performance of the cookware, in other embodiments, one side (lower surface) of the non-stick coating is connected to the undercoat or substrate, and grease or silicone oil fills the surface pores of the non-stick coating from the other side (upper surface) to become part of the inner surface of the cookware. Figure 4 As shown, the inner surface of the cookware is formed with an alternating structure of a non-stick coating and a sealing layer. It can be understood that after grease or silicone oil fills the surface pores of the non-stick coating 120 to form the sealing layer 140, the non-stick coating 120 and the sealing layer 140 are distributed alternately to form the inner surface of the cookware. The non-stick coating 120 can be continuous, while the sealing layer 140 is a collective term for multiple discontinuous sub-layers.

[0090] According to a fifth aspect of this application, a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware is provided, wherein the method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware includes:

[0091] Step S301, provide a substrate;

[0092] Step S302: Press the non-stick material into a non-stick blank.

[0093] Step S203: Sinter the non-stick preform to obtain a non-stick coating with predetermined pores.

[0094] The method for manufacturing non-stick cookware according to this application will be described in detail below.

[0095] Provide matrix

[0096] According to this application, the substrate 110 can be made of commonly used materials. Exemplary materials may include stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, their corresponding alloys, and composite materials. The substrate 110 may have a shape corresponding to its function, for example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, when the non-stick cookware 100 is a non-stick pan, the base 110 can have a conventional pan shape. It should be understood that... Figure 2 The nonstick pan is shown only as an example of the main body and other parts are not shown. The nonstick pan according to the present invention may also include common cookware structures / components such as handles (e.g., pot handles).

[0097] According to this application, the substrate 110 can undergo certain pretreatment processes, such as grinding, sandblasting, and pickling. The surface of the substrate 110 can have a certain roughness; in an exemplary embodiment, the Ra value of the surface roughness can be in the range of 3 μm to 5 μm.

[0098] Provide non-stick materials

[0099] The non-stick material provided in the above embodiments of this application is used.

[0100] Press the non-stick material into a non-stick blank.

[0101] According to this application, a prepared non-stick material is coated and extruded onto the surface of a substrate to form a film layer, wherein the thickness of the film layer is 80 μm-200 μm. In an exemplary embodiment, the pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa.

[0102] According to this application, a mold that matches the cookware can be set up, and the surface flatness of the non-stick blank can be guaranteed by the mold.

[0103] Sintered non-stick green body

[0104] According to this application, the sintering step of the non-stick preform includes first drying the non-stick preform at 80℃-90℃ for 10min-30min, then sintering the dried non-stick preform at 1100-1350℃ for 2h-4h, and then cooling it in the furnace to obtain a non-stick coating.

[0105] Form a closed layer

[0106] According to this application, after forming the non-stick coating, a sealing layer can be provided outside the non-stick coating to further improve the corrosion resistance of the cookware. Accordingly, the method of manufacturing cookware also includes forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating to seal the surface pores of the non-stick coating.

[0107] In some embodiments, the step of forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes immersing the non-stick coating in a silicone oil with a molecular weight of 10,000-20,000 and sintering it at a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined time, thereby forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the silicone oil may be polydimethyl silicone oil. After immersion, the cookware immersed in polydimethyl silicone oil can be placed in a sintering furnace for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 320°C-380°C and the curing time is 4-6 minutes.

[0108] In other embodiments, the step of forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes immersing the non-stick coating in an grease at a second preset temperature for a second preset time, allowing the grease to penetrate the surface pores of the non-stick coating, thereby forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the grease may be peanut oil or palm oil, allowing the peanut oil or palm oil to penetrate the surface pores of the non-stick coating, thereby forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating, wherein the second preset immersion temperature is between 80°C and 100°C, and the second preset immersion time is 10-30 minutes.

[0109] According to this application, a non-stick coating made of silicone oil or grease has a hydrophobic silicone oil coating that prevents corrosive media from penetrating, thus improving the corrosion resistance of cookware. Furthermore, the non-stick properties are achieved due to its low surface energy and the principle of a sealed layer. For example, before silicone oil treatment, the non-stick coating may have a surface energy of 30 to 40 dynes. Although this is lower than the surface energy of fluoropolymer non-stick coatings (18 to 25 dynes), after silicone oil treatment, the surface energy can be reduced to 10 to 20 dynes, thus achieving non-stick performance that is essentially equivalent to or even better than that of fluoropolymer non-stick coatings. Silicone oil is better than grease in optimizing non-stick properties.

[0110] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.

[0111] Example 1

[0112] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 21.06% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 69.59% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities (e.g., organic matter and / or water).

[0113] Example 2

[0114] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 21.06% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 50% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0115] Example 3

[0116] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 21.06% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 60% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0117] Example 4

[0118] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 15% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 69.59% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 30% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 62% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0121] Example 6

[0122] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 40% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 50% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0123] Example 7

[0124] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 15% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 60% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0125] Example 8

[0126] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 20% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 60% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0127] Example 9

[0128] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 30% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 60% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0129] Example 10

[0130] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 20% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 50% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0131] Example 11

[0132] Prepare non-stick granules with an average particle size of 600-1000 mesh. The main components of the non-stick granules include: 30% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, and 50% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, with the balance being impurities.

[0133] Comparative Example 1

[0134] The material in this comparative example is a mixture of 21.06% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, 69.59% iron oxide, and the balance being impurities.

[0135] Comparative Example 2

[0136] The material used in this comparative example is a mixture of 30% silicon dioxide, 1.32% aluminum oxide, 0.44% potassium oxide, 0.27% sodium oxide, 3.71% calcium oxide, 1.19% magnesium oxide, 0.45% titanium oxide, 50% iron oxide, and the balance being impurities.

[0137] Comparative Example 3

[0138] The materials in this comparative example consist of 45 wt% titanium dioxide, 45 wt% iron oxide + ferrous oxide, and 5 wt% calcium oxide + magnesium oxide, with the remainder being phosphorus, carbon, and silicon.

[0139] Comparative Example 4

[0140] The material used in this comparative example is ferrous aluminum magnesium titanate.

[0141] Test methods and evaluation criteria, test results

[0142] The degree of amorphization of the materials in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0143] I. Testing Methods and Evaluation Criteria

[0144] 1. Amorphousness Test Method

[0145] Amorphousness testing method: XRD testing was used, and the amorphization degree of the sample was analyzed and calculated using the conventional full-spectrum fitting method. The steps of the conventional full-spectrum fitting method are as follows: First, a crystalline phase with the same chemical structure as the amorphous phase is found. It is assumed that the amorphous phase is a tiny grain of this crystalline phase, and this crystalline phase can be used to establish a model of the peak position and intensity of the amorphous phase; Second, the spectrum of the pure amorphous phase is fitted to determine the grain size and microstrain; Finally, the grain size and microstrain are fixed, and this phase is included in the traditional Rietveld quantitative calculation to obtain the volume fraction of the amorphous phase (i.e., the amorphization degree), which is recorded in Table 2 below.

[0146] II. Test Results

[0147] Table 1 Test Results

[0148]

[0149] As can be seen from Table 1, the non-stick particles in this embodiment are materials with a certain volume ratio of amorphous phase. Looking at the composition of the non-stick particles, the lower the silica content and the higher the content of other oxides (i.e., iron oxides, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide), the more large-diameter metal cations there are, resulting in more severe lattice distortion and a higher degree of amorphization. Pure metal oxides are usually crystalline materials and do not exhibit amorphization.

[0150] Example 12

[0151] The cookware according to Example 12 is manufactured by the following method.

[0152] Step S10, Prepare the cookware base. Specifically, prepare the cookware base by deep drawing a stainless steel sheet, washing the surface with alkaline detergent to remove oil, drying, and sandblasting to obtain a cookware base with a thickness of 1.5cm.

[0153] Step S20: Prepare non-stick material.

[0154] Step S21, provide the non-stick particles of Example 1.

[0155] Step S22: Hollow glass microspheres with a particle size of 50μm-60μm are provided as pore-forming agents.

[0156] Step S23: Provide a starch paste with a concentration of 10% as a binder.

[0157] Step S24: Prepare a mixed slurry by mixing non-stick particles, pore-forming agent, and adhesive in a mass ratio of 100:1:10. Specifically, first mix the adhesive and pore-forming agent evenly to form a suspension, and then mix the suspension with the non-stick particles to form the non-stick material of this embodiment.

[0158] Step S30: Prepare a non-stick preform.

[0159] A non-stick material is coated onto the surface of the cookware substrate, thereby forming a non-stick blank with a thickness of 80 μm on the surface of the cookware substrate.

[0160] Step S40: Sinter the non-stick blank.

[0161] Dry the cookware base with a non-stick blank at 90℃ for 10 minutes;

[0162] The dried cookware substrate with non-stick blank was then sintered at 1200°C for 2 hours and finally cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain a non-stick coating with a predetermined porosity (wherein the porosity is 30% and the pore size is 10 μm) and a thickness of 65 μm, thereby completing the manufacture of the cookware of Example 1.

[0163] Example 13

[0164] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 2 are used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 13 is manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0165] Example 14

[0166] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 3 are used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 14 is manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0167] Example 15

[0168] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 4 are used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 15 is manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0169] Example 16

[0170] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 5 were used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 16 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0171] Example 17

[0172] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 6 were used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 17 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0173] Example 18

[0174] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 7 were used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 18 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0175] Example 19

[0176] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 8 were used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 19 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0177] Example 20

[0178] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 9 were used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 20 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0179] Example 21

[0180] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 10 are used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 21 is manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0181] Example 22

[0182] Except that in step S21, the non-stick particles of Example 11 are used instead of the non-stick particles of Example 12, the cookware of Example 22 is manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0183] Example 23

[0184] Except that in step S22, sawdust of the same particle size was used instead of the pore-forming agent of Example 12, the cookware of Example 23 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0185] Example 24

[0186] Except that in step S22, an inorganic ammonium salt of the same particle size was used instead of the pore-forming agent of Example 12, the cookware of Example 24 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0187] Example 25

[0188] Except that in step S22, carbon particles of the same size are used instead of the pore-forming agent of Example 12, the cookware of Example 25 is manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0189] Example 26

[0190] Except that in step 23, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 500 was used instead of the adhesive of Example 12, the cookware of Example 26 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0191] Example 27

[0192] Except that in step 23, a methyl cellulose adhesive with a viscosity of 300 cp was used instead of the adhesive of Example 12, the cookware of Example 27 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0193] Example 28

[0194] Except that in step 24, the non-stick material of this embodiment is formed by mixing non-stick particles, pore-forming agent and adhesive in a mass ratio of 200:1:10 to form a slurry, which is used instead of the non-stick material of Example 12, the cookware of Example 28 is manufactured by the same method as that of Example 12.

[0195] Example 29

[0196] Except that in step 24, the non-stick material of this embodiment is formed by mixing non-stick particles, pore-forming agent and adhesive in a mass ratio of 150:1:10 to form a slurry, which is used instead of the non-stick material of Example 12, the cookware of Example 29 is manufactured by the same method as that of Example 12.

[0197] Example 30

[0198] Except that in step 24, the non-stick material of this embodiment is formed by mixing non-stick particles, pore-forming agent and adhesive in a mass ratio of 100:0.5:10 to form a non-stick material, which is used instead of the non-stick material of Example 12, the cookware of Example 30 is manufactured by the same method as that of Example 12.

[0199] Example 31

[0200] Except for step S40 in Example 12, which involves coating the non-stick coating obtained in Example 12 with silicone oil of molecular weight 15,000 and curing it (curing time is 5 min, curing temperature is 350°C), the cookware of Example 31 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0201] Example 32

[0202] Except for adding a step of soaking the non-stick coating obtained in Example 12 in palm oil after step S40 in Example 12 (soaking time is 15 min, soaking temperature is 100°C), the cookware of Example 32 was manufactured using the same method as in Example 12.

[0203] Comparative Example 5

[0204] The cookware of Comparative Example 5 was manufactured by forming a non-stick coating with a thickness of 65 μm using the mixture of Comparative Example 1 through plasma spraying.

[0205] Comparative Example 6

[0206] The mixture of Comparative Example 2 was used to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 65 μm by plasma spraying, thereby completing the manufacture of the cookware of Comparative Example 6.

[0207] Comparative Example 7

[0208] The cookware of Comparative Example 7 was manufactured by forming a non-stick coating with a thickness of 65 μm using the material of Comparative Example 3 through plasma spraying.

[0209] Comparative Example 8

[0210] The cookware of Comparative Example 8 was manufactured by forming a non-stick coating with a thickness of 65 μm using the material of Comparative Example 4 through plasma spraying.

[0211] Comparative Example 9

[0212] Except that the non-stick particles of Example 12 were replaced with the mixture of Comparative Example 1 to form a non-stick material, the cookware of Comparative Example 9 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0213] Comparative Example 10

[0214] Except that the non-stick particles of Example 12 were replaced with the mixture of Comparative Example 2 to form a non-stick material, the cookware of Comparative Example 10 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0215] Comparative Example 11

[0216] Except that the non-stick particles of Example 12 were replaced with the material of Comparative Example 3 to form a non-stick material, the cookware of Comparative Example 11 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0217] Comparative Example 12

[0218] Except that the non-stick particles of Example 12 were replaced with the material of Comparative Example 4 to form a non-stick material, the cookware of Comparative Example 12 was manufactured using the same method as that of Example 12.

[0219] The coatings of the cookware obtained in Examples 12-32 and Comparative Examples 5-12 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are recorded in Table 2 below. The specific performance test methods are as follows:

[0220] I. Testing Methods and Evaluation Criteria

[0221] 1. Amorphousness Test Method

[0222] Amorphousness testing method: XRD testing was used, followed by conventional full-spectrum fitting analysis to obtain the amorphousness of the sample. The steps of the conventional full-spectrum fitting method are as follows: First, a crystalline phase with the same chemical structure as the amorphous phase is found. It is assumed that the amorphous phase is a tiny grain of this crystalline phase, and this crystalline phase can be used to establish a model of the peak positions and intensities of the amorphous phase. Second, the spectrum of the pure amorphous phase is fitted to determine the grain size and microstrain. Finally, the grain size and microstrain are fixed, and this phase is included in the traditional Rietveld quantitative calculation to obtain the volume fraction of the amorphous phase (i.e., the degree of amorphousness).

[0223] 2. Initial non-stick test method: GB / T32095.2-2015 test method for non-stick properties of fried eggs. This method is for initial non-stick properties and is divided into three levels: I, II and III. Level I has the best non-stick properties and Level III has the worst non-stick properties.

[0224] 3. Durable non-stick test method: The durable non-stick test method in GB / T32388-2015, the unit is the number of times. The higher the number of times, the longer the life. 500 times is used to evaluate the non-stick result once. The number of times is recorded until the use reaches level III.

[0225] 4. Hardness Testing and Evaluation Standards: The Vickers hardness test method is used to test the Vickers hardness of the cookware coating. The unit of hardness value is HV. The higher the measured hardness value, the harder the sample, and the stronger the resistance of the non-stick coating to abrasion from metal spatulas and food. It is less prone to wear and tear, and therefore has a longer service life. Generally, it is desirable for the hardness of the non-stick coating to be no less than 200 HV.

[0226] 5. Surface Energy Testing and Evaluation Standards: Under a temperature condition of 20℃, the contact angles of water and ethylene glycol on the sample surface were measured using a SINDIN SDC-200SH contact angle meter according to the goniometry method, and the surface energy of the sample was calculated using the OWRK method. For surface energy testing, it is expected that the measured surface energy value of the sample will not exceed 100 dynes.

[0227] II. Test Results

[0228] Table 2 Results Test Table

[0229]

[0230]

[0231] As shown in Table 2, the non-stick coating obtained in this application exhibits excellent initial and long-lasting non-stick properties. By sealing the coating formed through the thermal spraying process, a lower surface energy than that of fluorine coatings can be achieved, ensuring initial non-stick properties. By controlling the spraying process (i.e., placing the outer surface of the cookware in a cooling gas environment during plasma spraying), the degree of amorphization of the non-stick coating can be increased to a certain extent, resulting in a relatively low surface energy and thus ensuring good long-lasting non-stick performance.

[0232] While the invention has been specifically shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in a descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes only. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not defined by the specific embodiments thereof, but by the claims, and all differences within that scope will be construed as included in the invention.

Claims

1. A non-stick material for cookware, characterized in that, The non-stick material is a mixed slurry comprising non-stick particles, a pore-forming agent, and a binder. The non-stick particles, by weight percentage, comprise: 15% ≤ silicon dioxide ≤ 40%, 1% ≤ aluminum oxide ≤ 5%, 0.1% ≤ potassium oxide ≤ 1%, 0.1% ≤ sodium oxide ≤ 1%, 1% ≤ calcium oxide ≤ 5%, 0.5% ≤ magnesium oxide ≤ 3%, 0.2% ≤ titanium oxide ≤ 1.3%, and 50% ≤ iron oxide + ferrous oxide ≤ 70%. The mass ratio of the non-stick particles, the pore-forming agent, and the binder is (100-200):(0.5-1). (8-15) The particle size of the non-stick particles is 600-1000 mesh, and the volume ratio of the amorphous phase of the non-stick particles is 55%-75%. The pore-forming agent includes at least one of sawdust, walnut shell powder, carbon particles, sugar granules, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, plastic particles, inorganic ammonium salts, hollow alumina spheres, and hollow glass microspheres.

2. The non-stick material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-sticky particles were obtained from basalt rock processing.

3. The non-stick material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the pore-forming agent is 50μm-80μm.

4. The non-stick material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-stick particles have at least one of a framework structure and a chain structure.

5. The non-stick material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive includes at least one of starch paste, methylcellulose, and alcohol-based adhesives.

6. The non-stick material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The non-stick particles are silicate materials.

7. A method for preparing a non-stick coating, characterized in that, The method for preparing the non-stick coating includes: Provide a non-stick material according to any one of claims 1 to 6; Press the non-stick material into a non-stick blank; The non-stick preform is sintered to obtain a non-stick coating with predetermined pores.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of sintering the non-stick preform includes: The non-stick preform is dried at 80℃-90℃ for 10min-30min; The dried non-stick preform is sintered at 1100-1350℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain a non-stick coating with predetermined pores.

9. A non-stick coating, characterized in that, The non-stick coating includes the non-stick coating prepared by the method for preparing a non-stick coating according to claim 7 or 8.

10. The non-stick coating according to claim 9, characterized in that, The non-stick coating has at least one of the following characteristics: The thickness of the non-stick coating is 80μm-200μm; The surface energy of the non-stick coating is 30 to 80 dynes; The porosity of the non-stick coating is 20% to 40%; The pore size of the non-stick coating is from 1 μm to 20 μm; The hardness of the non-stick coating is 400 HV to 700 HV; The volume percentage of the amorphous phase in the non-stick coating is 55%-75%; The non-stick coating is black.

11. A non-stick cookware, characterized in that, The non-stick cookware includes a substrate and a non-stick coating formed on the substrate, the non-stick coating including the non-stick coating according to claim 9 or 10.

12. The non-stick cookware according to claim 11, characterized in that, The non-stick cookware also includes: A sealing layer, comprising grease or silicone oil, is used to fill the surface pores of the non-stick coating.

13. A method for manufacturing non-stick cookware, characterized in that, include: Provide a matrix; The non-stick coating is formed on the substrate using the method for preparing a non-stick coating according to claim 7 or 8.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing non-stick cookware further includes: forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating to seal the surface pores of the non-stick coating.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating includes: A non-stick coating is formed by impregnating it with silicone oil of molecular weight 10,000-20,000 and sintering it at a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined time; or The non-stick coating is immersed in grease at a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined time, so that the grease penetrates into the surface pores of the non-stick coating, thereby forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating.

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