A fire extinguishing system built into a gas turbine

Abstract

The application provides a fire extinguishing system built in a gas turbine, which comprises a storage tank for storing CO2, a control device for controlling the release of CO2, a spraying pipeline, a sealing device and a gas supply pipeline, the storage tank is connected with the spraying pipeline through a pipeline, the spraying end of the spraying pipeline extends into the turbine bearing cavity along the upper opening of the turbine bearing cavity, the sealing device is arranged at the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity, one end of the gas supply pipeline is connected with the spraying pipeline, and the other end of the gas supply pipeline is connected with the sealing device; the control device releases CO2, the spraying pipeline sprays CO2 at the same time, and the gas supply pipeline drives the sealing device to seal the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity; the spraying pipeline can realize twice spraying. The application has the advantages of compact structure, convenient use, effective extinguishing of the flame in the turbine bearing cavity, prevention of the rekindling in the turbine bearing cavity, great reduction of the amount of CO2 and cost reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbine equipment technology, and in particular to a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Gas turbines are high-temperature, high-speed rotating mechanical devices. Lubricating oil continuously flows into and out of the turbine bearing area. The turbine bearing cavity is connected to the atmosphere, creating an oxygen-rich environment. The hot gas flowing through the gas turbine's gas flow channels exceeds the ignition point of the lubricating oil. Even a slight leak of lubricating oil in the turbine bearing can easily ignite a fire within the bearing cavity. Furthermore, because gas turbines rotate at high speeds, if the main shaft within the turbine bearing continues to rotate after the initial flame is extinguished, the flame can easily reignite. Therefore, the turbine bearing cavity is a high-risk fire area in gas turbines, prone to fires and difficult to extinguish completely. A reliable fire suppression system is essential to ensure the safe operation of the gas turbine.

[0003] Currently, fire suppression methods for gas turbines employ either a protected area consisting of the gas turbine casing or a dedicated outer protective enclosure around the turbine bearing cavity. Both the turbine casing and the outer protective enclosure create relatively enclosed areas that can be extinguished through total CO2 flooding. However, using the turbine bearing cavity as the fire suppression protected area presents challenges. When a fire is detected within the bearing cavity, current technology cannot effectively extinguish the fire originating there. By the time the entire fire is extinguished using existing techniques, the turbine bearing cavity is often severely damaged, resulting in significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine.

[0005] This invention proposes a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine, comprising a storage tank for storing CO2, a control device for controlling CO2 release, a discharge pipeline, a sealing device, and a gas supply pipeline. The storage tank is connected to the discharge pipeline via a pipe, and the discharge end of the discharge pipeline extends into the gas turbine bearing cavity through the upper opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity. The sealing device is located at the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity. One end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the discharge pipeline, and the other end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the sealing device. When the control device releases CO2, the discharge pipeline discharges CO2 while the gas supply pipeline simultaneously drives the sealing device to seal the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the discharge pipeline includes a discharge main pipe, a first discharge pipe, and a second discharge pipe. The discharge main pipe is connected to the control device. The first discharge pipe has a first nozzle at its end and is connected to the discharge main pipe. The first nozzle extends into the turbine bearing cavity. The second discharge pipe has a plurality of second nozzles at its end and is connected to the discharge main pipe. The second nozzles extend into the gas turbine bearing cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the flow capacity of the first discharge pipe is Kv1 = f(V,P0,t1,k), and the flow capacity of the second discharge pipe is Kv2 = g(V,P0,t2,1-k), where f and g are calculation functions, V is the volume of the storage tank, P0 is the filling pressure of the storage tank, t1 is the time required for one discharge, t1 does not exceed 1 minute, t2 is the time required for a second discharge, t2 is not less than 20 minutes, k is a correction coefficient, and V·P0 ∝ the volume of the gas turbine bearing cavity / the opening area of ​​the gas turbine bearing cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the first discharge pipe is equipped with a pressure valve so that the rapid one-time discharge of CO2 gas can be stopped when the pressure of the storage tank drops to a set value P1, where P1 = k·P0.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing device includes an extension sleeve, a cylinder, and a cover plate. The extension sleeve is fixed at the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity, and the cylinder is located below the extension sleeve. The cover plate is located on the piston rod of the cylinder, and the cover plate is larger than the inner diameter of the extension sleeve. The cylinder is connected to the gas supply pipeline. Under the pressure of CO2 gas, the piston rod drives the cover plate to move upward until it is tightly fitted with the outer edge of the opening of the extension sleeve to form a closed area.

[0010] Preferably, the cylinder is equipped with a check valve to prevent CO2 gas from escaping after entering the cylinder, thereby ensuring that the cover plate does not fall down after being lifted by the pressure of CO2 gas.

[0011] Preferably, the cylinder is further provided with a vent valve, which is located downstream of the check valve along the gas inlet direction to ensure that the piston rod can be reset.

[0012] As described above, the fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention constructs a fire suppression protection zone with openings at the top and bottom of the gas turbine bearing cavity. A fire suppression system is then built within this protection zone. Under normal conditions, the fire suppression protection zone is open, meaning the turbine bearing cavity is connected to the atmosphere. When a fire occurs in the gas turbine bearing cavity, a control device releases CO2 gas from a storage tank. As the CO2 gas enters the bearing cavity through the discharge pipeline, it drives a sealing device along the supply pipeline to seal the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity, rapidly closing the fire suppression protection zone. The two-stage release of CO2 gas through the discharge pipeline effectively extinguishes the fire. This invention is compact, easy to use, and effectively extinguishes flames within the gas turbine bearing cavity, preventing reignition. It also significantly reduces CO2 consumption and lowers costs. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This invention provides an assembly diagram of a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0017] 100. Storage tank; 200. Control device; 300. Discharge pipeline; 310. Discharge main pipe; 320. First discharge pipe; 321. First nozzle; 322. Pressure valve; 330. Second discharge pipe; 331. Second nozzle; 400. Sealing device; 410. Extension sleeve; 420. Cylinder; 421. Piston rod; 422. Check valve; 423. Vent valve; 430. Cover plate; 500. Gas supply pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0019] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the gas turbine has an upper opening and a lower opening at the turbine bearing cavity, which allows the gas turbine bearing cavity to communicate with the atmosphere.

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of a fire extinguishing system built inside a gas turbine includes a storage tank 100 for storing CO2 gas, a control device 200 for controlling the release of CO2 gas, a discharge pipeline 300, a sealing device 400, and a gas supply pipeline 500. The storage tank 100 is connected to the discharge pipeline 300 via a pipe. The discharge end of the discharge pipeline 300 extends into the gas turbine bearing cavity through the upper opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity. The sealing device 400 is located at the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity. One end of the gas supply pipeline 500 is connected to the discharge pipeline 300, and the other end of the gas supply pipeline 500 is connected to the sealing device 400. When the control device 200 releases CO2 gas, the discharge pipeline 300 discharges CO2 gas while the gas supply pipeline 500 drives the sealing device 400 to seal the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity. The discharge pipeline 300 can achieve two discharges. The control device 200 includes a controller and a release valve. One end of the release valve is connected to the storage tank 100 through a pipeline, and the other end of the release valve is connected to the discharge pipeline 300. The controller is connected to the release valve.

[0022] In operation, when a fire occurs in the gas turbine bearing cavity, the controller sends an opening command signal to the release valve. The release valve opens, and CO2 gas enters the discharge pipeline 300 from the storage tank 100. A portion of the CO2 gas enters the gas supply pipeline 500 from the discharge pipeline 300. The CO2 gas is then discharged into the gas turbine bearing cavity through the discharge pipeline 300. Simultaneously, the CO2 flows along the gas supply pipeline 500 into the sealing device 400, causing the sealing device 400 to seal the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity, forming a closed fire-extinguishing protection zone. Because CO2 is denser than air, it flows from the upper opening to the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity, achieving CO2 flooding fire suppression. It should be noted that when the discharge pipeline 300 discharges CO2 gas, the flow rate of the first CO2 discharge is greater than that of the second CO2 discharge. If the flame in the gas turbine bearing cavity is not completely extinguished after the first CO2 discharge, the second continuous CO2 discharge can completely extinguish the flame in the gas turbine bearing cavity and prevent reignition. After the flame is extinguished, the controller 200 sends a valve-closing signal to the release valve, causing the release valve to close and stopping the CO2 input to the discharge pipeline 300. Finally, the sealing device 400 is reset, releasing the sealed environmental protection area.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the discharge pipeline 300 includes a discharge main pipe 310, a first discharge pipe 320, and a second discharge pipe 330. The discharge main pipe 310 is connected to the control device 200. The first discharge pipe 320 is provided with a first nozzle 321 at its end and is connected to the discharge main pipe 310. The first nozzle 321 extends into the turbine bearing cavity. The second discharge pipe 330 is provided with a plurality of second nozzles 331 at its end and is connected to the discharge main pipe 310. The second nozzles 331 extend into the turbine bearing cavity. The flow capacity of the first discharge pipe 320 should be designed as Kv1 = f(V,P0,t1,k), and the flow capacity of the second discharge pipe 330 should be designed as Kv2 = g(V,P0,t2,1-k), where f and g are calculation functions, V is the volume of the storage tank 100, P0 is the filling pressure of the storage tank 100, t1 is the time required for one discharge, t1 does not exceed 1 minute, t2 is the time required for a second discharge, t2 is not less than 20 minutes, k is a correction coefficient, and V·P0 ∝ the volume of the gas turbine bearing cavity / the opening area of ​​the gas turbine bearing cavity.

[0024] During operation, in the fire extinguishing process, the first discharge pipe 320 and the second discharge pipe 330 simultaneously begin releasing CO2 gas. During release, the design calculations dictate that the first discharge pipe 320 can rapidly eject CO2 gas, quickly bringing the CO2 concentration within the gas turbine bearing cavity to the desired value, thereby extinguishing the flame. This rapid, single-stage CO2 gas release can be stopped when the pressure in the storage tank 100 drops to a set value P1, where P1 = k·P0. Stopping the release aims to conserve CO2. Subsequently, the second discharge pipe 330 can maintain the release for a sufficiently long time to maintain the CO2 concentration within the gas turbine bearing cavity at the level required for fire extinguishing. Even if the flame reignites within the gas turbine bearing cavity, it can still be effectively extinguished.

[0025] Furthermore, a pressure valve 322 is provided on the first discharge pipe 320 to enable rapid, one-time CO2 gas discharge with on-demand cessation, aiming to extinguish the flame in one continuous operation. The pressure valve 322 is a self-actuating valve based on the upstream pressure. When the upstream CO2 pressure reaches a preset value, the pressure valve 322 automatically opens; when the upstream CO2 pressure falls below the preset value, the pressure valve 322 closes. Initially, the pressure in the storage tank 100 is high. At this time, the upstream CO2 pressure of the pressure valve 322 on the first discharge pipe 320 is higher than the preset value of the pressure valve 322, causing the pressure valve 322 to open for the initial CO2 discharge. As the discharge proceeds, the CO2 pressure in the storage tank gradually decreases until the upstream CO2 pressure falls below the preset value, at which point the pressure valve 322 closes, ending the initial discharge. The remaining CO2 in the storage tank 100 is then discharged a second time through the second discharge pipe 330, continuing to prevent reignition.

[0026] Furthermore, the sealing device 400 includes an extension sleeve 410, a cylinder 420, and a cover plate 430. The extension sleeve 410 is fixed at the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity, and the cylinder 420 is located below the extension sleeve 410. The cover plate 430 is located on the piston rod 421 of the cylinder, and the cover plate 430 is larger than the inner diameter of the extension sleeve 410. The cylinder 420 is connected to the gas supply line 500. Under the pressure of CO2 gas, the piston rod 421 drives the cover plate 430 to move upward until it is tightly fitted with the outer edge of the opening of the extension sleeve 410 to form a closed area.

[0027] In use, CO2 gas is delivered to the cylinder through the gas supply line 500. The CO2 pushes the piston rod 421 upward, and the piston rod 421 drives the cover plate 430 upward at the same time until the cover plate 430 and the outer edge of the opening of the extension sleeve 410 are tightly fitted together, so that a closed fire extinguishing protection zone is formed inside the gas turbine bearing cavity to isolate the external air from the gas turbine bearing cavity, which facilitates CO2 flooding fire extinguishing.

[0028] Furthermore, a check valve 422 is provided on the cylinder 420 to prevent CO2 gas from escaping after entering the cylinder 420. When the gas supply line 500 delivers CO2 gas into the cylinder 420 through the check valve 422, the check valve 422 can prevent CO2 from escaping from the cylinder 420, so as to ensure that the CO2 gas can stably push the piston rod 421 upward, and to ensure that the cover plate 430 can fit tightly against the outer edge of the opening of the extension sleeve 410.

[0029] Furthermore, the cylinder 420 is also equipped with a vent valve 423, which is located downstream of the check valve 422 along the gas inlet direction to ensure that the piston rod 421 can return to its original position. After the fire is extinguished, the CO2 gas in the cylinder 420 is released by opening the vent valve 423, causing the piston rod 421 to move down until it returns to its original position, thereby causing the cover plate 430 to move down and release the sealed area. Finally, CO2 gas is replenished into the storage tank 100 to restore the entire fire extinguishing system to its initial state.

[0030] In summary, this invention provides a fire suppression system built inside a gas turbine. A fire suppression protection zone is constructed with openings at the top and bottom of the turbine bearing cavity. The fire suppression system is then built within this protection zone. Under normal conditions, the fire suppression protection zone is open, meaning the turbine bearing cavity is connected to the atmosphere. When a fire occurs in the turbine bearing cavity, a control device releases CO2 gas from a storage tank. As the CO2 enters the turbine bearing cavity through the discharge pipeline, it drives a sealing device along the gas supply pipeline to seal the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity, rapidly closing the fire suppression protection zone. The two-stage CO2 release through the discharge pipeline effectively extinguishes the fire. This invention features a compact structure, ease of use, effective fire suppression, prevention of reignition within the turbine bearing cavity, and a significant reduction in CO2 consumption, thus lowering costs.

[0031] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine, characterized in that, The system includes a storage tank (100) for storing CO2, a control device (200) for controlling CO2 release, a discharge pipeline (300), a sealing device (400), and a gas supply pipeline (500). The storage tank (100) is connected to the discharge pipeline (300) via a pipe. The discharge end of the discharge pipeline (300) extends into the gas turbine bearing cavity through the upper opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity. The sealing device (400) is located on the gas turbine bearing. At the lower opening of the bearing cavity, one end of the gas supply line (500) is connected to the discharge line (300), and the other end of the gas supply line (500) is connected to the sealing device (400); when the control device (200) releases CO2, the discharge line (300) discharges CO2 while the gas supply line (500) drives the sealing device (400) to seal the lower opening of the gas turbine bearing cavity; the discharge line (300) can achieve two discharges; The sealing device (400) includes an extension sleeve (410), a cylinder (420), and a cover plate (430). The extension sleeve (410) is fixed at the lower opening of the turbine bearing cavity, and the cylinder (420) is located below the extension sleeve (410). The cover plate (430) is located on the piston rod (421) of the cylinder, and the cover plate (430) is larger than the inner diameter of the extension sleeve (410). The cylinder (420) is connected to the gas supply pipeline (500). Under the pressure of CO2 gas, the piston rod (421) drives the cover plate (430) to move upward until it is tightly fitted with the outer edge of the opening of the extension sleeve (410) to form a closed area.

2. The fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge pipeline (300) includes a discharge main pipe (310), a first discharge pipe (320), and a second discharge pipe (330). The discharge main pipe (310) is connected to the control device (200). The first discharge pipe (320) is provided with a first nozzle (321) at its end. The first discharge pipe (320) is connected to the discharge main pipe (310). The first nozzle (321) extends into the turbine bearing cavity of the gas turbine. The second discharge pipe (330) is provided with a plurality of second nozzles (331) at its end. The second discharge pipe (330) is connected to the discharge main pipe (310). The second nozzles (331) extend into the turbine bearing cavity of the gas turbine.

3. The fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge pipe (320) is equipped with a pressure valve (322) to enable rapid one-time discharge of CO2 gas. The discharge can be stopped when the pressure of the storage tank (100) drops to a set value P1, where P1 = k·P0.

4. The fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (420) is equipped with a check valve (422) to prevent CO2 gas from escaping after entering the cylinder (420), thereby ensuring that the cover plate (430) does not fall down after being lifted by the pressure of CO2 gas.

5. The fire extinguishing system constructed inside a gas turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylinder (420) is also provided with a vent valve (423), which is located downstream of the check valve (422) in the direction of gas inlet to ensure that the piston rod (421) can be reset.

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