A turbine blade sequencing device and sequencing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a turbine blade sorting device and its sorting method. The device includes a measurement system, a calculation control system, and a support system. The support system provides a fixed support position for the measurement system. The measurement system is used to level the turbine blades before measuring their mass moment. It is also used to measure the mass of the blade root and blade body and transmit the measurement data to the calculation control system via an interface. The calculation control system controls the measurement operation of the measurement system and calculates the mass moment of each turbine blade, the static imbalance of the turbine rotor, and the unbalance phase angle based on the measurement data obtained from the measurement system. It then simulates the sorting of all turbine blades based on the calculated mass moment, static imbalance, and unbalance phase angle. This invention can reduce the impact of the turbine blade assembly sequence on the static imbalance of the turbine rotor, ensuring that the assembled turbine rotor meets the balance technical specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of engines, specifically to a turbine blade sorting device and sorting method. Background Technology

[0002] For turbine engines, the arrangement of blades on the blade disk is a crucial factor affecting the static imbalance of the turbine rotor assembly, which in turn affects the overall balance and vibration of the engine. The mass moment of the turbine blade (the product of the blade mass m and the distance L from the blade's center of gravity to the center of rotation of the blade disk, m·L) is the true factor reflecting the influence of the blades on the rotor's static imbalance.

[0003] Small turbine engine blades, formed by casting and machining, have relatively small blade mass and disk radius. Their shape, size, and center of gravity are well consistent, and the disk gyration radius is small (generally less than Φ300mm). Therefore, it is feasible and efficient to use a weighing and sorting assembly method for turbine rotor blades of small turbine engines. That is, after weighing the blades during the assembly process, the blades are sorted and assembled using a "binary method" based on the blade mass data. This usually meets the balance technical indicators of the turbine rotor.

[0004] Turbine blades of medium and large turbine engines (such as aero engines) that are cast have poor center of gravity consistency and a large radius of rotation of the turbine disk. The arrangement order of the blades on the disk has a significant impact on the static imbalance of the turbine rotor. The sorting method based on blade weighing can no longer meet the static balance requirements of medium and large turbine rotor assemblies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design a technical solution suitable for the sorting and assembly of blades of medium and large turbine engines to reduce the impact of the blade assembly order on the static imbalance of the turbine rotor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a turbine blade sorting device and sorting method, which can reduce the impact of turbine blade assembly sequence on the static imbalance of turbine rotor, so that the turbine rotor after assembly meets the balance technical indicators.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A turbine blade sorting device includes: a measurement system, a calculation and control system, a power system, and a support system;

[0008] The support system is used to provide a fixed support position for the measurement system and protect the measurement system. It has a vibration reduction function to eliminate the interference and influence of external vibration on the measurement of the turbine blade mass moment.

[0009] The measurement system is used to level the turbine blades before measuring their mass moment, in order to simulate the actual state of the turbine blades on the bladed disk when the turbine rotor is working; it is also used to measure the mass of the turbine blade root and blade body, and transmit the measurement data to the computing control system through an interface.

[0010] The calculation and control system is used to control the measurement work of the measurement system, and is also used to calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade, the static unbalance M0 of the turbine rotor and the unbalance phase angle Φ0 based on the measurement data obtained by the measurement system, and to simulate and sort all turbine blades based on the calculated mass moment M, static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0.

[0011] The power system is used to provide power to the entire device.

[0012] Furthermore, the measurement system includes: a rigid bracket, a first support fixture, a second support fixture, a horizontal displacement stage, a vertical lifting stage, a laser displacement sensor, a first gravity sensor, and a second gravity sensor;

[0013] The horizontal displacement table is mounted on a rigid support, and the bottom of the vertical lifting table is mounted on the slider of the horizontal displacement table.

[0014] The second gravity sensor is installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform; the first gravity sensor is installed on a rigid bracket; the first support fixture is installed on the top of the first gravity sensor, and the second support fixture is installed on the top of the second gravity sensor. The first support fixture is fixed in position, while the second support fixture can be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions under the action of the horizontal displacement platform and the vertical lifting platform. The first support fixture is used to support the root of the turbine blade, and the second support fixture is used to support the blade body of the turbine blade.

[0015] The laser displacement sensor is mounted on a rigid support and is used to emit lasers to measure the root bottom surface of the turbine blades. The tilt of the turbine blades is calculated through the feedback laser lines, and the turbine blades are determined in real time to determine whether they are in a horizontal state.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross-sections of both the first and second support fixtures are inverted T-shaped structures. The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is fixed to the first and second gravity sensors. The vertical part of the first support fixture is machined into an arc-shaped structure, which matches the arc shape of the tenon teeth of the leaf root.

[0017] The vertical part of the support fixture 2 is machined into a knife-edge structure, and the contact between the knife-edge structure and the blade body is a line contact.

[0018] Furthermore, the computational control system includes a display and a controller. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the first gravity sensor, the second gravity sensor, and the laser displacement sensor, and to control the movement of the horizontal displacement stage and the vertical lifting stage based on the feedback data from the laser displacement sensor. It is also used to calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade, the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor, and the imbalance phase angle Φ0 based on the measurement data obtained by the first gravity sensor and the second gravity sensor of the measurement system, and to simulate and sort all turbine blades based on the calculated mass moment M, static imbalance M0, and imbalance phase angle Φ0, and to send the positional relationship of the turbine blades in each simulated sort to the display for display.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for calculating the mass moment M of the turbine blade is as follows:

[0020] The masses m1 and m2 of the turbine blade root and blade body are measured by the first and second gravity sensors. From Newton's third law and the static equilibrium condition, we can obtain:

[0021] F1=m1g

[0022] F2=m2g

[0023] F1L1+F2(L1+L2)-mgL=0

[0024] In the formula, F1 is the supporting force of the pair of blade roots of the supporting fixture; F2 is the supporting force of the pair of blades of the supporting fixture; m1 is the mass of the blade root; m2 is the mass of the blade; g is the acceleration due to gravity; L1 is the horizontal distance from the center point of the first supporting fixture to the center of rotation of the turbine; L2 is the horizontal distance from the center point of the second supporting fixture to the center point of the first supporting fixture; L is the distance from the center of mass of the turbine blade to the center of rotation of the turbine; m is the mass of the turbine blade.

[0025] We can obtain the mass moment of the turbine blade M = m·L = m1·L1 + m2·(L1 + L2).

[0026] Furthermore, the calculation methods for the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor are as follows:

[0027] The mass moment M of each turbine blade is taken as its components in the X and Y directions. After summing the components in each direction, the static unbalance M0 and the unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor can be obtained. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, n is the number of turbine blades; n i For the i-th turbine blade, θ i M represents the phase angle corresponding to the i-th turbine blade; i M is the mass moment of the i-th turbine blade; x M is the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the X direction; y Let be the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the Y direction.

[0034] A method for sorting turbine blades, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0035] Step 1: Place the turbine blades on support fixture 1 and support fixture 2, and level the turbine blades to simulate the real state of the turbine blades on the bladed disk when the turbine rotor is working.

[0036] Step 2: Measure and calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade individually;

[0037] Step 3: Based on the mass moment data of all turbine blades, pre-sort the turbine blades using the bisection method;

[0038] Step 4: Calculate the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor;

[0039] Step 5: Based on the unbalanced phase angle Φ0 obtained in Step 4, calculate the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade being adjusted P;

[0040] Step 6: Swap the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade P being adjusted, and recalculate the static imbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor. Maintain the turbine blade position relationship after the turbine rotor static imbalance is reduced. Repeat steps 5 and 6 until the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor is minimized, and output the final sorting of the turbine blades.

[0041] Furthermore, in step six, the specific method for exchanging the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade P being adjusted is as follows:

[0042] Based on the unbalanced phase angle Φ0, calculate the position of the adjusting blade T: n T = (Φ0 + 180°) / 360°·n, since n T It is usually not an integer, so n is... T The blades T1 and T2 at two adjacent integer positions are used as adjustment blades;

[0043] If the total number of turbine blades n is odd, then the blade P to be adjusted is located at the two turbine blades adjacent to the adjusting blade T at a 180° symmetrical position; that is, the adjusting blade T1 is interchanged with the two blades P1 and P2 respectively, and the static imbalance M1 and M2 of the turbine rotor after each interchange are calculated; similarly, the adjusting blade T2 is interchanged with the two blades P3 and P4 respectively, and the static imbalance M3 and M4 of the turbine rotor after each interchange are calculated.

[0044] Compare whether min{M1, M2, M3, M4} is less than the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor. If it is less, record min{M1, M2, M3, M4} as the new M0, and keep the positional relationship of the interchanged blades. Repeat the above operation until the static imbalance of the turbine rotor cannot be reduced no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted; otherwise, directly output the arrangement sequence of the turbine blades.

[0045] If the total number of blades n is even, the blade P to be adjusted is located at a position symmetrical about 180° to the adjusting blade, that is, the adjusting blade T1 and the blade P1 to be adjusted are interchanged, and the static imbalance M1 of the turbine rotor after the interchange is calculated; similarly, the adjusting blade T2 and the blade P2 to be adjusted are interchanged, and the static imbalance M2 of the turbine rotor after the interchange is calculated.

[0046] Compare whether min{M1, M2} is less than the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor. If it is less, record min{M1, M2} as the new M0 and maintain the positional relationship of the interchanged blades. Repeat the above operation until the static imbalance of the turbine rotor cannot be reduced no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted; otherwise, directly output the arrangement sequence of the turbine blades.

[0047] Beneficial effects:

[0048] (1) This invention is a device for sorting turbine rotor blades of medium and large turbine engines. It is mainly used to adjust the positional order between turbine blades and obtain a reasonable positional relationship based on the mass moment measurement data during the turbine rotor assembly process, thereby reducing the impact of the blade assembly order on the static imbalance of the turbine rotor. This invention can measure the mass moment of turbine rotor blades of different specifications, sizes and shapes. Based on the mass moment measurement data, with the minimum static imbalance as the optimization goal, the positional relationship of the blades is adjusted and iteratively sorted. This solves the problem that the sorting method based on blade weighing cannot meet the static balance requirements of medium and large turbine rotor components, improves the assembly quality and assembly efficiency of turbine rotors, and provides a strong guarantee for the subsequent dynamic balancing of turbine rotors to meet the balance technical indicators.

[0049] (2) The measurement system of the present invention can adjust the turbine blades to a horizontal state through a horizontal displacement stage, a vertical displacement stage and a laser displacement sensor to simulate the real state of the blades on the blade disk when the turbine rotor is running, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the blade mass moment value measurement.

[0050] (3) The present invention can design and customize different support fixture structures for turbine blades of different shapes. This method is low in cost, simple in measurement, and can meet the needs of mass moment measurement for blades of different specifications. The vertical part of the support fixture one of the present invention is machined into an arc-shaped structure. The arc-shaped structure is designed according to the shape and size of the arc of the tenon tooth of the blade root, so that the support fixture one can fit tightly with the tenon tooth of the blade root when in contact. The vertical part of the support fixture two is machined into a knife-edge structure. The knife-edge structure contacts the blade body in a line contact manner. This line contact support method facilitates the picking and placing of the blade and ensures that the blade is placed stably during the mass moment measurement process and is not prone to swaying.

[0051] (4) The method for calculating the mass moment of the turbine blade in this invention is based on the principle of static equilibrium. The mass moment of the turbine blade is calculated using the formula M = m1·L1 + m2·(L1 + L2). This measurement method does not require knowing the unknown position of the blade's center of mass. It can convert the static moment of the blade's center of mass about the turbine's rotation center into the static moments of the blade root and blade body about the turbine's rotation center. In addition, this measurement method is not affected by the size of the blade disk's rotation radius. By defining the values ​​of L1 and L2, the mass moment of the turbine rotor blade with different rotation radii can be calculated.

[0052] (5) The method for calculating the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor of the present invention adopts the method of taking the mass moment M of each turbine blade in the X and Y directions, and summing them in their respective directions, which can quickly obtain the static unbalance and unbalance phase angle of the turbine blade group.

[0053] (6) The turbine blade sorting position relationship adjustment of the present invention is based on the "division method" (equal division method) to pre-sort the blade group, and then gradually adjusts the blade position according to the unbalance phase angle until the static unbalance of the blade group is minimized. In the absence of dedicated blade sorting (program) software, this method can quickly (within about 6 times) iterate the unbalance of the blade group to the minimum.

[0054] In summary, this invention, based on the principle of static equilibrium, designs a method for measuring the mass moment of turbine blades. When the center of mass of each turbine blade is inconsistent or unclear, it transforms the difficult-to-calculate "mass moment from the center of mass to the center of rotation" into a measurable and calculable "mass moment from the support point to the center of rotation." Based on the mass moment data of the turbine blades, a "bisection method" is used to pre-sort the blades on the bladed disk, and the turbine blades in the lighter and heavier positions are repeatedly swapped. The static imbalance and phase angle of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) are calculated, and this process is iterated to obtain the blade arrangement sequence that minimizes the static imbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only). This invention overcomes the limitations of weighing and sorting methods that cannot meet the balancing technical specifications of medium and large turbine rotors, and can effectively reduce the static imbalance of turbine rotors. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the sorting device of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the measurement system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the fit between the two support fixtures of the present invention and the turbine blades;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of turbine blade mass moment measurement and calculation according to the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation principle of static imbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) according to the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the turbine blade sorting method of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the turbine blade bisection pre-sorting method of the present invention.

[0062] Among them, 1-power system, 2-support system, 3-measurement system, 4-computation control system, 5-turbine blade, 201-dust cover, 202-marble tabletop, 203-shock damping components, 204-steel frame structure, 205-base, 301-rigid support, 302-horizontal displacement platform, 303-vertical lifting platform, 304-first gravity sensor, 305-second gravity sensor, 306-support fixture one, 307-support fixture two, 308-laser displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] This embodiment provides a turbine blade sorting device; see attached document. Figure 1 It includes: measurement system 3, calculation and control system 4, power system 1 and support system 2;

[0066] The support system 2 is used to provide a fixed support position for the measurement system 3 and protect the measurement system 3. It has a vibration reduction function to eliminate the interference and influence of external vibration on the measurement of the turbine blade mass moment.

[0067] The measurement system 3 is used to level the turbine blade 5 before measuring the mass moment of the turbine blade, so as to simulate the real state of the turbine blade 5 on the blade disk when the turbine rotor is working; it is also used to measure the mass of the blade root and blade body of the turbine blade 5, and transmit the measurement data to the computing control system 4 through the interface.

[0068] The calculation and control system 4 is used to control the measurement work of the measurement system 3, and is also used to calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade 5, the static unbalance M0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) and the unbalance phase angle Φ0 based on the measurement data obtained by the measurement system 3, and to simulate and sort all turbine blades 5 according to the calculated mass moment M, static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0.

[0069] The power system 1 uses a power supply cabinet to provide power to the entire device.

[0070] Specifically, the support system 2 includes: a steel frame structure 204, a marble countertop 202, a shock-absorbing damping component 203, and a dust cover 201; a base 205 is installed at the bottom of the steel frame structure 204, the marble countertop 202 is installed on top of the steel frame structure 204 through the shock-absorbing damping component 203, the measuring system 3 is installed on the marble countertop 202, and the dust cover 201 is installed on the outside of the measuring system 3; the shock-absorbing damping component 203 is used to reduce vibration of the measuring system 3; the dust cover 201 is used to protect the measuring system 3 from dust.

[0071] For details, please see the appendix. Figure 2 The measurement system 3 includes: a rigid bracket 301, a first support fixture 306, a second support fixture 307, a horizontal displacement stage 302, a vertical lifting stage 303, a laser displacement sensor 308, and two gravity sensors.

[0072] The horizontal displacement stage 302 and the vertical lifting stage 303 are respectively precision horizontal displacement stage and precision vertical lifting stage; the horizontal displacement stage 302 is mounted on the rigid support 301, and the bottom of the vertical lifting stage 303 is mounted on the slider of the horizontal displacement stage 302.

[0073] The two gravity sensors are a first gravity sensor 304 and a second gravity sensor 305. The second gravity sensor 305 is installed on the top of the vertical lifting platform 303; the first gravity sensor 304 is installed on the rigid bracket 301.

[0074] The first support fixture 306 is installed on the top of the first gravity sensor 304, and the second support fixture 307 is installed on the top of the second gravity sensor 305. The first support fixture 306 is fixed in position, and the second support fixture 307 can be precisely adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions under the action of the horizontal displacement table 302 and the vertical lifting table 303.

[0075] See Appendix Figure 3 The first support fixture 306 and the second support fixture 307 are respectively used to support the blade root and blade body of the turbine blade 5, that is, the first support fixture 306 is used to support the blade root of the turbine blade 5, and the second support fixture 307 is used to support the blade body of the turbine blade 5.

[0076] Both the first support fixture 306 and the second support fixture 307 have inverted T-shaped cross sections. The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is fixed to the gravity sensor. The top of the vertical part of the first support fixture 306 (i.e. the top point in the figure) is processed into an arc-shaped structure. The arc-shaped structure is designed according to the shape and size of the tenon arc of the blade root, so that the first support fixture 306 can fit tightly with the tenon of the blade root when in contact.

[0077] The vertical part of the support fixture 2 307 has a top point (i.e., the top point in the figure) machined into a knife-edge structure. The contact between this knife-edge structure and the blade body is a line contact. This line contact support method facilitates the handling and placement of the blade and ensures that the blade is placed stably during the measurement of the mass moment, making it less prone to swaying.

[0078] The laser displacement sensor 308 is mounted on the rigid bracket 301 and is used to emit laser to measure the root bottom surface of the turbine blade 5. The tilt of the turbine blade 5 is calculated by the feedback laser line, and the turbine blade 5 is determined in real time whether it is in a horizontal state.

[0079] The horizontal leveling method of the measurement system 3 is as follows: the turbine blade 5 is placed on support fixture 1 306 and support fixture 2 307, which support the blade root and blade body of the turbine blade 5 respectively; the horizontal displacement table 302 is operated to adjust the horizontal distance between support fixture 2 307 and support fixture 1 306 so that the blade is visually level; the vertical lifting table 303 is operated to finely adjust the vertical height of support fixture 2 307, and the bottom surface of the blade root is measured by the laser displacement sensor 308. The tilt of the turbine blade 5 is calculated based on the feedback laser line, and the turbine blade 5 is determined in real time whether it is in a horizontal state; if it is horizontal, the next operation is performed; otherwise, the vertical height of support fixture 2 307 is adjusted until the turbine blade 5 is horizontal.

[0080] Specifically, the calculation control system 4 includes a display and a controller. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of each sensor (two gravity sensors and one laser displacement sensor 308), and to control the movement of the horizontal displacement stage 302 and the vertical lifting stage 303 according to the feedback data of the laser displacement sensor 308. It is also used to calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade 5, the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor (only the blade combination) and the unbalance phase angle Φ0 according to the measurement data obtained by the two gravity sensors of the measurement system 3, and to simulate and sort all the turbine blades 5 according to the calculated mass moment M, static imbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0, and send the positional relationship of the turbine blades 5 in each simulated sort to the display for display.

[0081] For details, please see the appendix. Figure 4 The method for calculating the mass moment M of the turbine blade 5 is as follows:

[0082] The masses m1 and m2 of the turbine blade 5 root and blade body were measured by two gravity sensors. From Newton's third law and the static equilibrium condition, we can obtain:

[0083] F1=m1g

[0084] F2=m2g

[0085] F1L1+F2(L1+L2)-mgL=0

[0086] In the formula, F1 is the supporting force of support fixture 306 on the blade root; F2 is the supporting force of support fixture 307 on the blade body; m1 is the mass of the blade root; m2 is the mass of the blade body; g is the acceleration due to gravity; L1 is the horizontal distance from the center point of support fixture 306 to the turbine rotation center; L2 is the horizontal distance from the center point of support fixture 307 to the center point of support fixture 306; L is the distance from the center of mass of turbine blade 5 to the turbine rotation center; m is the mass of turbine blade 5.

[0087] From the above formula, we can obtain the mass moment of turbine blade 5: M = m·L = m1·L1 + m2·(L1 + L2);

[0088] This measurement method does not require specifying the position of the center of mass of turbine blade 5. It converts the static moment of the center of mass of turbine blade 5 about the turbine rotation center into the static moments of the blade root and blade body about the turbine rotation center. In addition, this measurement method is not affected by the rotation radius of the blade disk. By defining the values ​​of L1 and L2, the mass moment of turbine rotor blades with different rotation radii can be calculated.

[0089] For details, please see the appendix. Figure 5The calculation methods for the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) are as follows:

[0090] The mass moment M of each turbine blade 5 is taken as its components in the X and Y directions. After summing them in their respective directions, the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) can be obtained. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, n is the number of turbine blades; n i For the i-th turbine blade, θ i M represents the phase angle corresponding to the i-th turbine blade; i M is the mass moment of the i-th turbine blade; x M is the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the X direction; y M0 is the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the Y direction; M0 is the static unbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only); and Φ0 is the unbalance phase angle.

[0097] Example 2:

[0098] This embodiment provides a method for sorting turbine blades; see appendix. Figure 6 The specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0099] Step 1: Design support fixture 1 306 and support fixture 2 307, which are used to support the blade root and blade body of turbine blade 5, respectively;

[0100] Step 2: Place the turbine blade 5 on support fixture 1 306 and support fixture 2 307, and level the turbine blade 5 to simulate the real state of the turbine blade 5 on the bladed disk when the turbine rotor is working.

[0101] Step 3: Measure and calculate the mass moment M of each turbine blade 5 one by one;

[0102] Step 4: Based on the mass moment data of all turbine blades, pre-sort the turbine blades 5 using the "bisection method";

[0103] Step 5: Calculate the static unbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only);

[0104] Step 6: Based on the unbalanced phase angle Φ0 obtained in Step 5, calculate the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade being adjusted P;

[0105] Step 7: Swap the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade P being adjusted, and recalculate the static imbalance M0 and unbalance phase angle Φ0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only). Maintain the positional relationship of the turbine blades 5 after the static imbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) is reduced. Repeat steps 6 and 7 until the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) is minimized, and output the final sorting of the turbine blades 5.

[0106] In step 4, see Appendix Figure 7 The specific method for pre-sorting turbine blades using the "binary method" is as follows:

[0107] The "bisection method" involves symmetrically assembling the turbine blades with the largest and second largest mass moments along the turbine center, assembling the turbine blades with the largest and smallest mass moments adjacent to each other, assembling the blades with the second largest and second smallest mass moments adjacent to each other, and so on in a clockwise / counterclockwise direction, so that the algebraic sum of the mass moments between the turbine blades is as close to zero as possible, thereby minimizing the static imbalance of the rotor as much as possible after the turbine blades are arranged; the turbine blade pre-sorting can adopt, but is not limited to, the "bisection method", the "trisection method", the "quadrisection method", etc., which can also initially reduce the static imbalance of the rotor (blade assembly only).

[0108] In step 7, the specific method for exchanging the positions of the adjusting blade T and the blade P being adjusted is as follows:

[0109] Based on the unbalanced phase angle Φ0, calculate the position of the adjusting blade T: n T = (Φ0 + 180°) / 360°·n, since n T It is usually not an integer, so n is... T The blades T1 and T2 at two adjacent integer positions are used as adjustment blades; since Φ0 is obtained from the arctangent function and may be negative, the position n of the adjustment blade T is calculated accordingly. T When = (Φ0+180°) / 360°·n, Φ0 needs to be increased by 180° to convert it to a positive value. Therefore, the blade being adjusted is actually the blade at the light point position, and the blade being adjusted is the blade at the heavy point position.

[0110] If the total number of turbine blades n is odd, then the blade to be adjusted P is located at the two turbine blades adjacent to the adjusting blade T at a 180° symmetrical position; that is, the adjusting blade T1 is interchanged with the two blades to be adjusted P1 and P2 respectively, and the static imbalance M1 and M2 of the turbine rotor (blade combination only) after each interchange is calculated; similarly, the adjusting blade T2 is interchanged with the two blades to be adjusted P3 and P4 respectively, and the static imbalance M3 and M4 of the turbine rotor (blade combination only) after each interchange is calculated;

[0111] Compare whether min{M1, M2, M3, M4} is less than the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only). If it is less, record min{M1, M2, M3, M4} as the new M0, and maintain the positional relationship of the interchanged blades. Repeat the above operation until the static imbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) cannot be reduced no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted; otherwise, directly output the arrangement sequence of the turbine blades.

[0112] If the total number of blades n is even, the blade P to be adjusted is located at a position symmetrical about 180° to the adjusting blade, that is, the adjusting blade T1 and the blade P1 to be adjusted are interchanged, and the static imbalance M1 of the turbine rotor (blade combination only) after the interchange is calculated; similarly, the adjusting blade T2 and the blade P2 to be adjusted are interchanged, and the static imbalance M2 of the turbine rotor (blade combination only) after the interchange is calculated.

[0113] Compare whether min{M1, M2} is less than the static imbalance M0 of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only). If it is less, record min{M1, M2} as the new M0 and maintain the positional relationship of the interchanged blades. Repeat the above operation until the static imbalance of the turbine rotor (blade assembly only) cannot be reduced no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted; otherwise, directly output the arrangement sequence of the turbine blades.

[0114] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine blade sorting method, based on a turbine blade sorting device, comprising: Measurement system, computing and control system, power system and support system; The support system provides a fixed support position for the measurement system, protects the system, and has vibration damping capabilities to eliminate interference and influence from external vibrations on the turbine blade mass moment measurement. The measurement system is used to level the turbine blades before the mass moment measurement to simulate the actual state of the turbine blades on the bladed disk during turbine rotor operation. It also measures the mass of the turbine blade root and blade body, and transmits the measurement data to the computational control system via an interface. The computational control system controls the measurement operation of the measurement system and calculates the mass moment of each turbine blade based on the measurement data obtained. M Static imbalance of turbine rotor M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0, and based on the calculated mass moment M、 static imbalance M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0. Simulate sorting of all turbine blades; The power system provides power to the entire device; the measurement system includes: a rigid support, a first support fixture, a second support fixture, a horizontal displacement stage, a vertical lifting stage, a laser displacement sensor, a first gravity sensor, and a second gravity sensor; the horizontal displacement stage is mounted on the rigid support, and the bottom of the vertical lifting stage is mounted on the slider of the horizontal displacement stage; the second gravity sensor is mounted on the top of the vertical lifting stage; the first gravity sensor is mounted on the rigid support; the first support fixture is mounted on the top of the first gravity sensor, and the second support fixture is mounted on the top of the second gravity sensor; the first support fixture is fixed in position, and the second support fixture can be adjusted horizontally and vertically under the action of the horizontal displacement stage and the vertical lifting stage; the first support fixture is used to support the root of the turbine blade, and the second support fixture is used to support the blade body of the turbine blade; the laser displacement sensor is mounted on the rigid support and is used to emit a laser to measure the bottom surface of the root of the turbine blade, calculate the inclination of the turbine blade through the feedback laser line, and determine in real time whether the turbine blade is in a horizontal state; the specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Place the turbine blades on support fixture 1 and support fixture 2, and level the turbine blades to simulate the real state of the turbine blades on the bladed disk when the turbine rotor is working. Step 2: Measure and calculate the mass moment of each turbine blade individually. M ; Step 3: Based on the mass moment data of all turbine blades, pre-sort the turbine blades using the bisection method; Step 4: Calculate the static imbalance of the turbine rotor. M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0; Step 5: Based on the unbalanced phase angle obtained in Step 4 Φ 0, calculate and adjust the blades T With the blade being adjusted P Location; Step Six: Adjust the blades T With the blade being adjusted P The positions are interchanged, and the static imbalance of the turbine rotor is recalculated. M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0. Maintaining the turbine blade positional relationship after the turbine rotor static imbalance is reduced, repeat steps five and six until the turbine rotor static imbalance is reduced. M 0 is the minimum, and the final sorting of the turbine blades is output.

2. In the turbine blade sorting method as described in claim 1, in step six, the blades are adjusted... T With the blade being adjusted P The specific method for swapping the positions is as follows: Based on unbalanced phase angle Φ 0, calculate and adjust the blades T Location: n T =( Φ (0+180°) / 360° n ,because n T It is usually not an integer, so it will be n T blades at two adjacent integer positions T 1 and T 2 is used as an adjustment blade; If the total number of turbine blades n If the number is odd, then the blade is tuned. P Located in the adjustment blade T Regarding two adjacent turbine blades at a 180° symmetrical position; i.e., adjusting the blades. T 1 and the two controlled blades respectively P 1. P 2. Interchange their positions and calculate the static imbalance of the turbine rotor after each interchange. M 1. M 2; Similarly, adjust the blades. T 2 respectively with the two tuned blades P 3. P 4. Interchange positions and calculate the static imbalance of the turbine rotor after each interchange. M 3. M 4; Compare min{ M 1, M 2, M 3, M 4} Is it less than the static imbalance of the turbine rotor? M 0, if less than, then min{ M 1, M 2, M 3, M 4} is recorded as new M 0, and maintain the positional relationship of the interchanged blades, repeat the above operation until no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted, the static imbalance of the turbine rotor cannot be reduced. Otherwise, directly output the turbine blade arrangement sequence; If the total number of leaves n If the number is even, then the tuned blades P Located at a position where the blades are symmetrical about 180°, i.e., the blades are adjusted. T 1 with the blade being adjusted P 1. Interchange their positions and calculate the static imbalance of the turbine rotor after the interchange. M 1; Similarly, adjust the blades. T 2 with the blade being adjusted P 2. Interchange their positions and calculate the static imbalance of the turbine rotor after the interchange. M 2; Compare min{ M 1, M 2} Is it less than the static imbalance of the turbine rotor? M 0, if less than, then min{ M 1, M 2} is recorded as new M 0, and maintain the positional relationship of the interchanged blades, repeat the above operation until no matter how the blade sequence is adjusted, the static imbalance of the turbine rotor cannot be reduced; otherwise, directly output the arrangement sequence of the turbine blades.

3. The turbine blade sorting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the mass moment of the turbine blade M The calculation method is as follows: The mass of the turbine blade root and blade body was measured using a first gravity sensor and a second gravity sensor. m 1 and m 2. From Newton's third law and the conditions for static equilibrium, we can obtain: In the formula, F 1 is the supporting force for a pair of blade roots supporting the tooling; F 2 is the supporting force for the second pair of blades of the tooling; m 1 represents the mass of the leaf root; m 2 is the mass of the blade; g is the acceleration due to gravity; L 1 represents the horizontal distance from the center point of the support fixture to the center of the turbine rotation; L 2 represents the horizontal distance from the center point of support fixture 2 to the center point of support fixture 1. L This is the distance from the center of mass of the turbine blade to the center of rotation of the turbine. m The mass of the turbine blade; The mass moment of the turbine blade can be obtained. M=m·L=m 1 ·L 1 +m 2 · ( L 1 +L 2).

4. The turbine blade sorting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the static imbalance of the turbine rotor M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ The calculation method for 0 is as follows: The mass moment of each turbine blade M By taking the components in the X and Y directions, summing them in their respective directions, and then summing the results, the static imbalance of the turbine rotor can be obtained. M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0, the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, n This refers to the number of turbine blades; n i For the first i No. 1 turbine blade, θ i For the first i The phase angle corresponding to turbine blade number 1; M i For the first i The mass moment of the turbine blade; M x Let be the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the X direction; M y Let be the algebraic sum of the mass moments of all turbine blades in the Y direction.

5. The turbine blade sorting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second support fixtures have inverted T-shaped cross sections. The horizontal part of the T-shaped structure is fixed to the first and second gravity sensors. The vertical part of the first support fixture is machined into an arc-shaped structure, which matches the arc shape of the tenon teeth of the leaf root. The vertical part of the support fixture 2 is machined into a knife-edge structure, and the contact between the knife-edge structure and the blade body is a line contact.

6. The turbine blade sorting method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The computational control system includes a display and a controller. The controller controls the opening and closing of the first gravity sensor, the second gravity sensor, and the laser displacement sensor, and controls the movement of the horizontal displacement stage and the vertical lifting stage based on the feedback data from the laser displacement sensor. It is also used to calculate the mass moment of each turbine blade based on the measurement data obtained from the first and second gravity sensors of the measurement system. M Static imbalance of turbine rotor M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0, and based on the calculated mass moment M、 static imbalance M 0 and unbalanced phase angle Φ 0. Simulate sorting of all turbine blades and send the positional relationship of the turbine blades in each simulation sort to the display for display.

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