Preparation method and application of polyamine with inhibition and solid phase cleaning effects

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing a polyamine that combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects. Compared with existing technologies, the polyamine prepared by this invention exhibits better inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects under high-temperature conditions, and also demonstrates better compatibility in drilling fluids. Its application in drilling fluids can effectively solve the wellbore instability problem in highly water-sensitive shale formations, and effectively avoid drilling fluid slurry formation problems caused by drill cuttings hydration, thus ensuring wellbore stability and drilling fluid cleanliness.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention filed on December 28, 2020, entitled "A polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning functions, its preparation method and application", with application number 202011597042.X. Technical Field

[0002] This invention belongs to the field of oilfield chemical drilling fluid treatment agent technology, and particularly relates to a method for preparing and applying a polyamine that has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects. Background Technology

[0003] With the continuous expansion of oil and gas exploration and development, the number of deep and ultra-deep wells, highly deviated directional wells, and long-section horizontal wells is increasing. This leads to a greater number of complex formations encountered, including high-temperature, highly reactive shale, mudstone-bearing, and interbedded mudstone, making wellbore stabilization increasingly challenging. While existing inhibitors can effectively address wellbore instability in highly reactive shale formations, their effectiveness in stabilizing the wellbore in easily collapsing high-temperature, highly reactive shale formations, as well as their solid phase cleaning effect on high-temperature drilling fluids, still needs improvement. Therefore, the development of high-temperature resistant, strong shale inhibitors and drilling fluid solid phase cleaners is imperative, meets the urgent technical needs of drilling sites, and is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a polyamine that has both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, and its application.

[0005] This invention provides a polyamine that combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, having the structure shown in formula (I):

[0006]

[0007] Where m is an integer from 1 to 10, n is an integer from 1 to 5, and R is a C1 to C5 alkylene group.

[0008] Preferably, n is 3; and R is CH2 or C2H4.

[0009] This invention also provides a method for preparing a polyamine that combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, comprising:

[0010] S1) A haloepoxide, water and an acidic catalyst are mixed and heated to react, yielding a haloalcohol solution;

[0011] S2) The haloalcohol solution is mixed with polyethylene polyamine and heated to react, yielding intermediate product I;

[0012] S3) The intermediate product I is mixed with dihaloethane and heated to react, yielding intermediate product II;

[0013] S4) The intermediate product II is mixed with polyethylene polyamine and heated to react, yielding intermediate product III;

[0014] S5) Acetic acid is added to the intermediate product III and heated to induce a chain termination reaction, yielding a polyamine that has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects.

[0015] Preferably, the halogenated epoxide is selected from C3-C7 chloroepoxides; the acidic catalyst is selected from one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid; the polyethylene polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and pentaethylenehexamine; and the dihaloethane is selected from dichloroethane.

[0016] Preferably, the halogenated epoxide is selected from epichlorohydrin and / or epichlorobutane; the polyethylene polyamine is selected from tetraethylenepentamine.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the halogenated epoxide, water, and acidic catalyst is 38:(60-120):(4-8); the mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide in step S2) is (70-90):38; the mass ratio of dihaloethane to halogenated epoxide is (40-60):38; the mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide in step S4) is (140-200):38; and the mass ratio of acetic acid to halogenated epoxide is (50-70):38.

[0018] Preferably, the heating reaction temperature in step S1) is 85℃~95℃; the heating reaction time is 0.5~1h;

[0019] In step S2), the temperature for heating the reaction is 60℃~90℃; the reaction time is 1~2h.

[0020] In step S3), the temperature for heating the reaction is 80℃~105℃; the reaction time is 2~4h.

[0021] In step S4), the temperature for heating the reaction is 70℃~95℃; the reaction time is 2~4h.

[0022] In step S5), the chain termination reaction temperature is 50℃~70℃; the heating reaction time is 0.5~1h.

[0023] Preferably, the reactions in steps S1) to S5) are all carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring speed is preferably 500 to 1000 r / min.

[0024] The present invention also provides a drilling fluid comprising the above-mentioned polyamine that has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects.

[0025] This invention provides a method for preparing a polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects, comprising: S1) mixing a haloepoxide, water, and an acidic catalyst and heating to react, obtaining a haloalcohol solution; S2) mixing the haloalcohol solution with a polyethylenepolyamine and heating to react, obtaining intermediate product I; S3) mixing intermediate product I with a dihaloethane and heating to react, obtaining intermediate product II; S4) mixing intermediate product II with a polyethylenepolyamine and heating to react, obtaining intermediate product III; S5) adding acetic acid to intermediate product III and heating to induce a chain termination reaction, obtaining a polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects. Compared with the prior art, the polyamine prepared by this invention has better inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects under high-temperature conditions, and also has better compatibility in drilling fluids. Its application in drilling fluids can effectively solve the problem of wellbore instability in highly water-sensitive shale formations, and effectively avoid drilling fluid slurry formation problems caused by drill cuttings hydration, ensuring wellbore stability and drilling fluid cleanliness. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 The image shows the infrared spectrum of the polyamine obtained in Example 1 of this invention, which has both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] This invention provides a polyamine that combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, having the structure shown in formula (I):

[0029]

[0030] Wherein, m is an integer from 1 to 10, n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably an integer from 2 to 4, more preferably 3; R is a C1 to C5 alkylene group, preferably a C1 to C4 alkylene group, more preferably a C1 to C3 alkylene group, and even more preferably CH2 or C2H4.

[0031] The polyamine provided by this invention has good inhibitory solid phase cleaning effect under high temperature conditions, and also has good compatibility in drilling fluid. When applied to drilling fluid, it can not only effectively solve the problem of wellbore instability in highly water-sensitive shale formations, but also effectively avoid the drilling fluid slurry problem caused by drill cuttings hydration, thus ensuring wellbore stability and drilling fluid cleanliness.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, comprising: S1) mixing a haloepoxide, water and an acidic catalyst and heating to react, to obtain a haloalcohol solution; S2) mixing the haloalcohol solution with a polyethylenepolyamine and heating to react, to obtain intermediate product I; S3) mixing the intermediate product I with a dihaloethane and heating to react, to obtain intermediate product II; S4) mixing the intermediate product II with a polyethylenepolyamine and heating to react, to obtain intermediate product III; S5) adding acetic acid to the intermediate product III and heating to induce a chain termination reaction, to obtain the polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects.

[0033] In this invention, there are no special restrictions on the source of any raw materials; they can be commercially available.

[0034] A haloepoxide, water, and an acidic catalyst are mixed and heated to react, yielding a haloalcohol solution. The haloepoxide is preferably a C3-C7 chloroepoxide, more preferably a C3-C5 chloroepoxide, and even more preferably epichlorohydrin and / or epichlorobutane. The acidic catalyst is preferably one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. The mass ratio of the haloepoxide, water, and acidic catalyst is preferably 38:(60-120):(4-8). In some embodiments of this invention, the mass ratio of the haloepoxide, water, and acidic catalyst is preferably 38:60:4. In some embodiments of this invention, the haloepoxide... The preferred mass ratio of the halogenated epoxide, water, and acidic catalyst is 38:80:5; in some embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio is 38:100:7; in other embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio is 38:120:8; the preferred temperature for the heating reaction is 85℃~95℃; the preferred heating time is 0.5~1h; in the present invention, the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the preferred stirring speed is 500~1000r / min; this step yields a haloalcohol solution, preferably a chloroalcohol solution, through a hydrolysis reaction.

[0035] The haloalcohol solution is mixed with polyethylenepolyamine and heated to obtain intermediate product I; the mass ratio of polyethylenepolyamine to haloepoxide is preferably (70-90):38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of polyethylenepolyamine to haloepoxide is preferably 70:38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of polyethylenepolyamine to haloepoxide is preferably 80:38; in other embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of polyethylenepolyamine to haloepoxide is preferably 90:38; the polyethylenepolyamine is preferably one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and pentaethylenehexamine, more preferably tetraethylenepentamine; in this step, the haloalcohol and polyethylenepolyamine undergo a quaternization reaction; the heating temperature is preferably 60℃-90℃; the heating time is preferably 1-2h; in the present invention, the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring speed is preferably 500-1000 r / min.

[0036] Intermediate product I is mixed with dihaloethane and heated to obtain intermediate product II; the dihaloethane is preferably dichloroethane; the mass ratio of dihaloethane to haloepoxide is preferably (40-60):38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of dihaloethane to haloepoxide is preferably 40:38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of dihaloethane to haloepoxide is preferably 50:38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of dihaloethane to haloepoxide is preferably 60:38; the temperature of the heating reaction is preferably 80℃-105℃; the heating reaction time is preferably 2-4h; in the present invention, the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring speed is preferably 500-1000 r / min. By introducing dihaloethane, C atoms and N atoms can be directly bonded, increasing the high-temperature stability of the molecule, thereby improving the temperature resistance of polyamine.

[0037] Intermediate product II is mixed with polyethylene polyamine and heated to react, yielding intermediate product III; the preferred mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide is (140-200):38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide is 140:38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide is 160:38; in some embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide is 180:38; in other embodiments of the present invention, the preferred mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to halogenated epoxide is 200:38; the preferred polyethylene polyamine is one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and pentaethylenehexamine, more preferably tetraethylenepentamine; the preferred temperature of the heating reaction is 70°C to 95°C; the preferred heating reaction time is 2-4 hours; in the present invention, the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the preferred stirring speed is 500-1000 r / min.

[0038] Acetic acid is added to intermediate III, and the mixture is heated to induce a chain termination reaction, yielding a polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning properties. The preferred mass ratio of acetic acid to the halogenated epoxide is (50–70):38. In some embodiments of this invention, the preferred mass ratio is 50:38. In some embodiments of this invention, the preferred mass ratio is 60:38. In other embodiments of this invention, the preferred mass ratio is 70:38. The preferred temperature for the chain termination reaction is 50°C–70°C. The preferred heating time is 0.5–1 h. In this invention, the reaction is preferably carried out under stirring conditions. The preferred stirring speed is 500–1000 r / min.

[0039] The preparation method provided by this invention has mild reaction conditions, uses water as a solvent, and produces no wastewater, waste gas, or waste residue.

[0040] The present invention also provides a drilling fluid comprising the above-mentioned polyamine that has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects.

[0041] To further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail, with reference to embodiments, a polyamine that combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, its preparation method, and its application.

[0042] All reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] 38g epichlorohydrin, 60g water, and 4g concentrated sulfuric acid were added to a reaction vessel. The stirring speed was controlled at 500 rpm, and the reaction was carried out at 85℃ for 0.5 h to obtain a chlorohydrin solution. 70g tetraethylenepentamine was added to the above chlorohydrin solution, and the reaction was carried out at 60℃ for 1.0 h to obtain intermediate product I. 40g dichloroethane was added to intermediate product I, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 2.0 h to obtain intermediate product II. 140g tetraethylenepentamine was added to intermediate product II, and the reaction was carried out at 70℃ for 2.0 h to obtain intermediate product III. 50g acetic acid was added to intermediate product III, and the reaction was carried out at 50℃ for 0.5 h, resulting in a chain termination reaction and yielding a reddish-brown viscous transparent liquid, which is the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects. The product yield was 93.42%.

[0045] The polyamine prepared in Example 1 of this invention, which combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, has the structure shown in Formula 1:

[0046]

[0047] In Equation 1, m is 1 to 10, n is 3, and R is CH2.

[0048] The polyamine obtained in Example 1, which has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects, was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, and its infrared spectrum is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] 38g of epichlorohydrin, 80g of water, and 5g of concentrated hydrochloric acid were added to a reactor. The stirring speed was controlled at 700 rpm, and the reaction was carried out at 90℃ for 1.0 h to obtain a chlorohydrin solution. 80g of tetraethylenepentamine was added to the above chlorohydrin solution, and the reaction was carried out at 70℃ for 2.0 h to obtain intermediate product I. 50g of dichloroethane was added to intermediate product I, and the reaction was carried out at 90℃ for 3.0 h to obtain intermediate product II. 160g of tetraethylenepentamine was added to intermediate product II, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 3.0 h to obtain intermediate product III. 60g of acetic acid was added to intermediate product III, and the reaction was carried out at 60℃ for 1.0 h, resulting in a chain termination reaction and yielding a reddish-brown viscous transparent liquid, which is the polyamine possessing both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning properties. The product yield was 92.87%.

[0051] The polyamine prepared in Example 2 of this invention, which combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, has the structure shown in Formula 2:

[0052]

[0053] In Equation 2, m is 1 to 10, n is 3, and R is C2H4.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] 38g epichlorohydrin, 100g water, and 7g p-toluenesulfonic acid were added to a reactor, and the stirring speed was controlled at 900 r / min. The reaction was carried out at 95℃ for 1.0 h to obtain a chlorohydrin solution. 90g tetraethylenepentamine was added to the above chlorohydrin solution, and the reaction was carried out at 80℃ for 2.0 h to obtain intermediate product I. 60g dichloroethane was added to intermediate product I, and the reaction was carried out at 100℃ for 4.0 h to obtain intermediate product II. 180g tetraethylenepentamine was added to intermediate product II, and the reaction was carried out at 90℃ for 4.0 h to obtain intermediate product III. 70g acetic acid was added to intermediate product III, and the reaction was carried out at 70℃ for 1.0 h, resulting in a chain termination reaction and yielding a reddish-brown viscous transparent liquid, which is the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning properties. The product yield was 92.65%.

[0056] The polyamine prepared in Example 3 of this invention, which combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, has the structure shown in Formula 3:

[0057]

[0058] In Equation 3, m is 1 to 10, n is 3, and R is CH2.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] 38g epichlorohydrin, 120g water, and 8g dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid were added to a reactor, and the stirring speed was controlled at 1000 r / min. The reaction was carried out at 95℃ for 1.0 h to obtain a chlorohydrin solution. 90g tetraethylenepentamine was added to the above chlorohydrin solution, and the reaction was carried out at 90℃ for 2.0 h to obtain intermediate product I. 60g dichloroethane was added to intermediate product I, and the reaction was carried out at 105℃ for 4.0 h to obtain intermediate product II. 200g tetraethylenepentamine was added to intermediate product II, and the reaction was carried out at 95℃ for 4.0 h to obtain intermediate product III. 70g acetic acid was added to intermediate product III, and the reaction was carried out at 70℃ for 1.0 h, resulting in a chain termination reaction and yielding a reddish-brown viscous transparent liquid, which is the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects. The product yield was 93.96%.

[0061] The polyamine prepared in Example 4 of this invention, which combines inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, has the structure shown in Formula 4:

[0062]

[0063] In Equation 4, m is 1 to 10, n is 3, and R is CH2.

[0064] The polyamines with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects prepared in Examples 1-4 of this invention were hot-rolled at 200°C for 16 hours in 4% soil slurry (the mass of the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects was 1.0% of the mass of the soil slurry). The apparent viscosity AV and filtration loss FL were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1. The rock cuttings recovery rate (the mass of the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects was 1% of the mass of distilled water) and the relative inhibition rate on calcium-based soil slurry (the mass of the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects was 1% of the mass of the calcium-based soil slurry) of 1.0% polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects were hot-rolled at 200°C for 16 hours, and the test results of the rock cuttings recovery rate and the relative inhibition rate on calcium-based soil slurry are shown in Table 2.

[0065] According to GB / T 16783.1-2014 "Field Testing of Drilling Fluids for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry - Part 1: Water-based Drilling Fluids", the apparent viscosity and filtration loss of the drilling fluid composition were tested.

[0066] The rock cuttings recovery rate of polyamine, which has both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, was evaluated according to the following method. The primary recovery rate and relative recovery rate of rock cuttings were tested. The specific operation is as follows:

[0067] Pour 350 mL of distilled water into an aging tank, add 1% (by weight) of polyamine (which has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects) to the distilled water, take rock fragments of 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm and dry them at 103 °C for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, weigh G0 g of rock fragments and place them in the aging tank. Roll them at 200 °C for 16 h. After cooling, remove them and recover the rock fragments through a 0.42 mm sieve. Dry them at 103 °C for 4 h, cool them to room temperature, and weigh them. Record the recovered rock fragment mass as G1. Then, place the weighed recovered rock fragments in clean water and roll them at 200 °C for 2 h. After cooling, remove them and recover the rock fragments through a 0.42 mm sieve. Dry them at 103 °C for 4 h, cool them to room temperature, and weigh them. Record the recovered rock fragment mass as G2. Calculate the primary shale recovery rate R1, the secondary shale recovery rate R2, and the relative shale recovery rate R.

[0068] R1 = G1 / G0 × 100%;

[0069] R2 = G2 / G0 × 100%;

[0070] R = R2 / R1 × 100%.

[0071] The relative inhibition rate of polyamine, which has both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects, on calcium bentonite slurry was evaluated according to the following method: Take 350 mL of distilled water, add 0.5% sodium carbonate, dissolve, then add 10% calcium bentonite, stir at high speed for 20 min, roll at 200℃ for 16 h, cool and remove to obtain calcium bentonite slurry, stir at high speed for 5 min, and measure the slurry's viscosity at 100 r / min using a six-speed rotational viscometer as Φ; take 350 mL of distilled water, add 0. 5% sodium carbonate and 0.5% polyamine sample with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects were fully dissolved, and then 10% calcium bentonite was added. The mixture was stirred at high speed for 20 min, rolled at 200℃ for 16 h, cooled, and then stirred at high speed for 5 min. The reading of 100 r / min of the calcium bentonite-based slurry with added polyamine was measured using a six-speed rotational viscometer, and recorded as Φ1. The relative inhibition rate of the polyamine product with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects on calcium bentonite was calculated according to the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula:

[0074] B—Relative inhibition rate of polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects on calcium-based slurry, %;

[0075] Stable reading of the rotational viscometer for Ф-calcium clay-based slurry at a rotational speed of 100 r / min;

[0076] Ф1—Stable reading of the rotational viscometer for calcium-based slurry containing polyamine, which has both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects, at a rotational speed of 100 r / min.

[0077] Table 1. Rheological test results of polyamine samples with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects on 4% soil slurry.

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 2. Results of rock debris recovery and relative inhibition rate tests for polyamine samples with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects.

[0081]

[0082] The data in Table 1 show that after aging at 200℃ for 16 hours, 1.0% of the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects had little effect on the apparent viscosity of the 4% soil slurry, with an apparent viscosity change of ≤1.0 mPa·s; the 1.0% polyamine sample with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects also had little effect on the filtration loss of the 4% soil slurry, with a filtration loss change of ≤0.6 mL; indicating that the polyamine with both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects exhibits good compatibility with the soil slurry.

[0083] As shown in Table 2, after aging at 200℃ for 16 hours, the cuttings recovery rate of 1.0% polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects is >97%, and the relative cuttings recovery rate is >99%. The relative inhibition rate of 1.0% polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects on calcareous soil-based slurry is >97%, indicating that polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects exhibits excellent strong inhibition and anti-collapse ability on shale well walls and solid-phase cleaning ability on drilling fluid.

Claims

1. A method for producing a polyamine having both inhibiting and solid phase cleaning effects, characterized by, include: S1) A haloepoxide, water and an acidic catalyst are mixed and heated to react, yielding a haloalcohol solution; S2) The haloalcohol solution is mixed with polyethylene polyamine and heated to react, yielding intermediate product I; the temperature of the heating reaction is 60℃~90℃. S3) The intermediate product I is mixed with dihaloethane and heated to react, yielding intermediate product II; the temperature of the heating reaction is 80℃~105℃. S4) The intermediate product II is mixed with polyethylene polyamine and heated to react, yielding intermediate product III; the heating temperature is 70℃~95℃. S5) Acetic acid is added to the intermediate product III and heated to induce a chain termination reaction, yielding a polyamine with both inhibition and solid-phase cleaning effects; In step S2), the mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to haloepoxide is (70~90):38; the mass ratio of dihaloethane to haloepoxide is (40~60):

38. In step S4), the mass ratio of polyethylene polyamine to haloepoxide is (140~200):38; the mass ratio of acetic acid to haloepoxide is (50~70):

38. The halogenated epoxide is selected from epichlorohydrin and / or epichlorobutane; the polyethylene polyamine is selected from tetraethylenepentamine.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The acidic catalyst is selected from one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the haloepoxide, water and acid catalyst is 38:(60~120):(4~8).

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1), the heating temperature is 85℃~95℃; the heating time is 0.5~1 h. The heating reaction time in step S2) is 1-2 h; The heating reaction time in step S3) is 2-4 hours; The heating reaction time in step S4) is 2-4 hours; In step S5), the temperature for the chain termination reaction is 50℃~70℃; the heating time is 0.5~1 h.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactions in steps S1) to S5) are all carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring speed is 500~1000 r / min.

6. A drilling fluid, characterized in that, The polyamines prepared by any one of claims 1 to 5 that have both inhibitory and solid-phase cleaning effects are included.

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