Two-way continuous impact device and method for drawing and sizing

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and exploitation, and discloses a bidirectional continuous impact device and method for drawing and shaping. The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping comprises an upper drilling tool, a torque transmission sleeve, a lower drilling tool and a lower hammer seat. The upper drilling tool comprises, from top to bottom, an upper joint, an upper hammer seat, an energy storage outer cylinder, a lower hammer, a torque transmission outer cylinder, a centralizing sleeve, a valve assembly and an upper hammer. The valve assembly is configured to elastically drive the upper hammer. The torque generated by the rotation of the upper drilling tool is transmitted to the torque transmission sleeve through the torque transmission outer cylinder. The lower drilling tool comprises, in sequence, a conversion joint, a connecting sleeve and a lower joint connected with the torque transmission sleeve. The top end inner hole of the lower hammer seat is connected with the bottom end shaft diameter of an energy storage mandrel. The top end of the energy storage mandrel is connected with the upper hammer. The bottom end of the lower hammer seat is connected with a bidirectional switching sleeve. The present application can realize efficient upward and downward hammering for multiple cycles, facilitating efficient fishing of fallen fish, and is especially suitable for the repair of high-angle sections, high-curvature wells and horizontal wells with thick wall casings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration and extraction technology, and in particular to a bidirectional continuous impact device and method for pull-out shaping. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of oil and gas resources and the continuous advancement of drilling and completion technologies, as well as the deepening development of unconventional resources such as tight oil and gas and shale oil and gas, horizontal wells have become one of the key technologies for the economical and effective development of various oil and gas reservoirs. Their application scale has been expanding year by year, and their production capacity share has been rising continuously.

[0003] As the length of horizontal well sections continues to increase, with the longest horizontal section reaching 5060m, the increase in the number of platform wells has led to an increase in three-dimensional horizontal wells, and the horizontal well modification and production processes have become more complex. These factors have all resulted in increasingly complex wellbore structures and wellbore conditions, making horizontal wellbore repair difficult, reducing the amount of horizontal well work, and leaving a large number of wells awaiting repair.

[0004] Well workover is an operation that maintains the normal production of an oil, gas, or water well throughout its entire life cycle after drilling. It plays a crucial role in extending the life cycle of oil and gas wells and bears the responsibility of ensuring quality and quantity. It is indispensable and of great significance in the production process of oil and gas wells.

[0005] Long horizontal well sections place higher demands on technologies such as fishing and channel repair. Regarding horizontal well fishing and channel repair technologies, existing techniques employ downhole hydraulic boosters, anchoring and sealing suspension tools, and hydraulic lifting tools. These can generate a 1200kN pulling force at the top of the fish (the section above the anchoring and sealing suspension tool) during fishing, while the tubing above the anchoring and sealing suspension tool is not subjected to stress. Furthermore, these technologies are designed for wells with small inclination and conventional wall thickness, and cannot solve the repair problems of horizontal wells with large inclination sections, high curvature, and thick-walled casing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping to solve the problem of horizontal well repair.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a bidirectional continuous impact method for pull-out shaping to solve the problem of horizontal well repair.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping includes:

[0010] The upper drilling tool includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector, an upper hammer seat, an energy storage outer cylinder, a lower hammer, a torque transmission outer cylinder, a centralizing sleeve, a valve assembly, and an upper hammer; the valve assembly and the upper hammer are slidably connected to the inner hole of the upper hammer seat, the valve assembly is configured to elastically drive the upper hammer, the upper hammer has a first shaft diameter and a second shaft diameter, the first shaft diameter is connected to the valve assembly and slidably connected to the inner hole of the upper hammer seat, the second shaft diameter is located inside the energy storage outer cylinder and elastically abuts against the lower hammer, and the second shaft diameter can abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer seat to limit the upward movement of the upper hammer;

[0011] A torque transmission sleeve is disposed inside the torque transmission outer cylinder and is connected to the torque transmission outer cylinder in a toothed clutch manner. The torque generated by the rotation of the upper drill bit is transmitted to the torque transmission sleeve through the torque transmission outer cylinder.

[0012] The lower drilling tool includes a conversion joint, a connecting sleeve, and a lower connector that are sequentially connected and fixed to the torque transmission sleeve. The conversion joint has a first annular boss protruding outward on its shaft diameter. The bottom end of the straightening sleeve abuts against the upper stepped surface of the first annular boss. The bottom end of the conversion joint is connected to the connecting sleeve.

[0013] A lower hammer seat is disposed inside the torque transmission outer cylinder, and the top end of the lower hammer seat is slidably connected to the torque transmission outer cylinder. The top end inner hole of the lower hammer seat is connected to the bottom end shaft of the energy storage mandrel. The top end of the energy storage mandrel passes through the lower hammer and the energy storage outer cylinder in sequence and is connected to the upper hammer. The bottom end of the lower hammer seat is connected to a bidirectional switching sleeve. The bidirectional switching sleeve is located inside the connecting sleeve and is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve. The two ends of the bidirectional switching sleeve can respectively abut against the bottom end of the conversion joint and the top end of the lower joint.

[0014] Optionally, the valve assembly includes a valve body, a valve head, a valve seat, a secondary spring, and a primary spring. The valve head is fixed to the bottom end of the valve body. The primary spring and the secondary spring are both sleeved on the valve body. The valve seat is fixedly connected to the top end of the upper hammer. The downward movement of the valve body or the upward movement of the upper hammer seat allows the primary spring and the secondary spring to elastically store energy.

[0015] Optionally, the valve assembly further includes a primary spring limiting sleeve, a secondary spring limiting sleeve, and a filter sleeve. The filter sleeve is disposed in the inner hole of the upper hammer seat. The top end of the filter sleeve abuts against the upper connector. The top end of the filter sleeve abuts against the top end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve. The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve is engaged with the top end of the valve body. When the valve body moves downward, it can drive the secondary spring limiting sleeve to compress the secondary spring for elastic energy storage. The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve can abut against the stepped surface of the inner hole of the upper hammer seat for limiting. The primary spring limiting sleeve is sleeved on the bottom end of the valve body. The primary spring is sleeved on the primary spring limiting sleeve. When the valve body moves downward, it can drive the primary spring limiting sleeve to compress the primary spring for elastic energy storage.

[0016] Optionally, the stiffness coefficient of the primary spring is smaller than that of the secondary spring.

[0017] Optionally, the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping further includes a third-stage spring and a fourth-stage spring. The shaft diameter of the energy storage mandrel is provided with an outwardly protruding second annular boss, and the energy storage outer cylinder is provided with an inwardly protruding third annular boss. The third-stage spring is sleeved on the top end of the energy storage mandrel, and the two ends of the third-stage spring respectively abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer and the third annular boss. The fourth-stage spring is sleeved on the bottom end of the energy storage mandrel, and the two ends of the fourth-stage spring respectively abut against the second annular boss and the lower hammer. The downward movement of the energy storage mandrel can compress the fourth-stage spring to elastically store energy, and the upward movement of the energy storage outer cylinder can compress the third-stage spring to elastically store energy.

[0018] Optionally, the valve seat is connected to the inner stepped hole of the upper hammer by screws, a first sealing ring is provided between the valve seat and the upper hammer, and a second sealing ring is provided between the upper hammer and the upper hammer seat.

[0019] Optionally, the valve body has a first breather hole on its side wall and a first through hole at its bottom end. When liquid flows through the first through hole, a pressure difference is generated to drive the valve body to compress the first-stage spring and the second-stage spring in sequence.

[0020] The present invention also provides a bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping, wherein the bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping includes the following steps:

[0021] S1, the upper drill string is pressed down so that the valve assembly and the upper hammer move downwards simultaneously until the bidirectional switching sleeve abuts against the lower connector. The valve assembly stores energy elastically. The bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping is in its initial state and is lowered to the predetermined position downhole.

[0022] S2, Upward Strike Operation: After cyclically rinsing the top of the fish, retrieve the fallen object. After confirming the capture of the fallen fish, lift the upper drill bit until the bidirectional switching sleeve separates from the lower connector. Start the pump and pump a set displacement of liquid into the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping. The valve assembly operates under the action of liquid pressure difference and elastically stores energy. Under the action of the elastic energy storage, the upper hammer is elastically driven to impact upward and drive the lower connector to impact upward. The impact force is directly transmitted to the fallen fish, and under the action of the elastic energy storage of the valve assembly, a cyclic impact is formed on the fallen fish. The frequency of the cyclic impact is repeated 180-300 times per minute.

[0023] Optionally, the bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping further includes step S3:

[0024] S3, Downward Strike Operation: After the upward strike operation stops, the pump is stopped, and the upper drill bit is pressed down until the bidirectional switching sleeve abuts against the lower connector; the pump is started, and the set displacement of liquid is pumped into the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping. The upper hammer cannot move downward. Under the action of liquid pressure difference, the upper connector, upper hammer seat, energy storage outer cylinder, lower hammer, torque transmission outer cylinder and centralizing sleeve move upward together. The centralizing sleeve separates from the conversion joint. At the same time, the valve assembly returns and elastically stores energy. When the elastic energy is greater than the liquid pressure difference, the lower hammer impacts the lower hammer seat, the bidirectional switching sleeve and the lower connector downward under the action of elastic force, thereby directly transmitting the impact force to the fish and forming a cyclic impact on the fish under the action of elastic force. The frequency of the cyclic impact is 180-300 times per minute.

[0025] Optionally, the up-click operation and the down-click operation are performed alternately.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] The bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping of the present invention, by setting a valve assembly to connect the upper hammer, can elastically drive the upper hammer to achieve multiple efficient upward impacts. By setting an energy storage mandrel to connect the lower hammer, it is easy to achieve multiple efficient downward impacts. The upper and lower impacts alternate multiple times, thereby achieving efficient retrieval of fallen fish. It is especially suitable for repairing horizontal wells with large deviated sections, large curvature wells and thick-walled casing.

[0028] The bidirectional continuous impact method for pull-out shaping of the present invention allows for the upward impact operation on a fallen fish by lowering a bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping into a predetermined position in a horizontal well. This enables high-frequency cyclic impact on the fallen fish, thereby achieving efficient fish retrieval. It is particularly suitable for the repair of horizontal wells with large deflection sections, large curvature, and thick-walled casing. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to the present invention;

[0030] Figures 2-4 This is a segmented enlarged schematic diagram of the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of section AA.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1. Upper connector; 2. Filter sleeve; 201. Second through hole; 3. Upper hammer seat; 4. Secondary spring limiting sleeve; 5. Valve body; 51. First breather hole; 52. First through hole; 6. Secondary spring; 7. Primary spring limiting sleeve; 8. Primary spring; 9. Valve head; 10. Valve seat; 11. Screw; 12. First sealing ring; 13. Second sealing ring; 14. Upper hammer; 15. Energy storage outer cylinder; 151. Third annular boss; 16. Energy storage spindle; 161. Second annular boss; 162. Third breather hole; 17. Tertiary spring; 18. Quaternary spring; 19. Lower hammer; 20. Lower hammer seat; 21. Torque transmission outer cylinder; 211. Second breather hole; 22. Torque transmission sleeve; 23. Converter connector; 231. First annular boss; 24. Straightening sleeve; 25. Connecting sleeve; 26. Bidirectional switching sleeve; 27. Lower connector. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0038] This invention provides a bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping, such as... Figures 1-4The system includes an upper drill string and a lower drill string, as well as a torque transmission sleeve 22 and a lower hammer seat 20. The upper drill string includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector 1, an upper hammer seat 3, an energy storage outer cylinder 15, a lower hammer 19, a torque transmission outer cylinder 21, a centralizing sleeve 24, a valve assembly, and an upper hammer 14. The valve assembly and the upper hammer 14 are slidably connected to the inner hole of the upper hammer seat 3. The valve assembly is configured to elastically drive the upper hammer 14. The upper hammer 14 has a first shaft diameter and a second shaft diameter. The first shaft diameter connects to the valve assembly and slides within the inner hole of the upper hammer seat 3. The second shaft diameter is located inside the energy storage outer cylinder 15 and elastically abuts against the lower hammer 19. The second shaft diameter can abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer seat 3 to limit the upward movement of the upper hammer 14. The torque transmission sleeve 22 is located inside the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 and is connected to the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 in a jaw-clamp manner. The torque generated by the rotation of the upper drill bit is transmitted to the torque transmission sleeve 22 through the torque transmission outer cylinder 21, and both have relative axial movement capabilities. The lower drilling tool includes a conversion joint 23, a connecting sleeve 25, and a lower connector 27, which are sequentially connected and fixed to the torque transmission sleeve 22. The conversion joint 23 has a first annular boss 231 protruding outward on its shaft diameter. The bottom end of the straightening sleeve 24 of the upper drilling tool abuts against the upper step surface of the first annular boss 231, and the two can be separated. The bottom end of the conversion joint 23 is connected to the connecting sleeve 25. The lower hammer seat 20 is located inside the torque transmission outer cylinder 21, and the top shaft diameter of the lower hammer seat 20 is slidably connected. The lower hammer seat 20 is connected to the inner hole at the top of the transmission cylinder 21. The bottom end of the energy storage spindle 16 is connected to the inner hole at the top of the lower hammer seat 20. The lower hammer 19 and the energy storage cylinder 15 are sequentially inserted through the top of the energy storage spindle 16 and connected to the upper hammer 14. The bottom end of the lower hammer seat 20 is connected to the bidirectional switching sleeve 26. The bidirectional switching sleeve 26 is located inside the connecting sleeve 25 and is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve 25. The two ends of the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 can respectively abut against the bottom end of the conversion joint 23 and the top end of the lower joint 27.

[0039] Combination Figures 1-4In this embodiment, the upper connector 1, upper hammer seat 3, energy storage outer cylinder 15, lower hammer 19, torque transmission outer cylinder 21, and centering sleeve 24 are sequentially threaded together to form the outer cylinder of the upper drill bit. The valve assembly and upper hammer 14 are located inside the outer cylinder of the upper drill bit for high-frequency impacting of the fish. The conversion connector 23, connecting sleeve 25, and lower connector 27 are sequentially threaded together to form the outer cylinder of the lower drill bit. The two ends of the lower hammer seat 20 are respectively threaded to the energy storage mandrel 16 and the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 and are located inside the outer cylinder of the lower drill bit for high-frequency impacting of the fish. The valve assembly and energy storage mandrel 16 can elastically store energy. Under the elastic force of the stored energy, the upper hammer 14 and the lower hammer 19 vibrate repeatedly up and down, forming the effect of a vibrator. When a specified displacement of liquid is injected into the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping, bidirectional impact is achieved by lifting and lowering. The bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping of this invention has no mechanical locking device. The impact effect depends on the fluid displacement pumped into the device. In high displacement and upward mode, the device becomes a vibratory puller, which is highly effective for pulling out objects such as sand-buried fish. The downward impact force is amplified and accelerated by the weight of the drill string and internal energy storage. It is generally applicable to the shaping of downhole objects, sand, wax, scale, and casing deformation. By setting a valve assembly to connect the upper hammer 14, the upper hammer 14 can be elastically driven to achieve multiple efficient upward strikes. By setting an energy storage mandrel 16 to connect the lower hammer 19, it is easy to achieve multiple efficient downward strikes. The alternating cycles of upward and downward strikes enable efficient retrieval of fish, especially suitable for repairing horizontal wells with high deviated sections, high curvature, and thick-walled casing.

[0040] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 and the outer wall of the torque transmission sleeve 22 are toothed together for rotational drive to transmit torque. The teeth also extend along their long axis to allow for relative axial movement during the downward strike operation. Both ends of the torque transmission sleeve 22 are threadedly connected to the top of the conversion joint 23, extending into the inner hole of the torque transmission sleeve 22. The lower hammer seat 20 passes through the inner hole of the conversion joint 23. During the stroke of the torque transmission sleeve 22 relative to the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 in the axial sliding direction, a second vent 211 is provided on the side wall of the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 to balance pressure. When the lower hammer 19 strikes downward at the top of the lower hammer seat 20, the lower hammer seat 20 drives the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 to strike the lower connector 27, thus striking the fish. It should be noted that the straightening sleeve 24 can perform axial stretching and compression relative to the conversion joint 23. Stretching activates the pump for upward strike operation, while compression activates the pump for downward strike operation. The retrieval spear (tube) and the fish dropper are located inside the lower connector 27. The impact force received by the lower connector 27 is directly transmitted to the fish dropper to achieve well repair or fish retrieval.

[0041] Optionally, such as Figure 2The valve assembly includes a valve body 5, a valve head 9, a valve seat 10, a secondary spring 6, and a primary spring 8. The valve head 9 is fixed at the bottom of the valve body 5. The primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6 are both sleeved on the valve body 5. The valve seat 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper hammer 14. When the valve body 5 moves downward or the upper hammer seat 3 moves upward, the primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6 can elastically store energy.

[0042] It should be noted that during the upward and downward movement of the valve body 5, under the elastic force of the primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6, the valve head 9 and the valve seat 10 separate and contact each other, thereby achieving repeated impact force on the upper hammer 14 connected to the valve seat 10, realizing the upward striking operation. During the upward striking operation, the upper hammer seat 3 remains relatively stationary, while the valve body 5 moves up and down relative to the upper hammer seat 3. It can be understood that the upper hammer seat 3 has a cavity for the movement of the valve body 5. During the downward movement of the valve body 5, the secondary spring 6 and the primary spring 8 are compressed in sequence to store energy, and the valve body 5 stops when it reaches the limit when the valve head 9 contacts the valve seat 10. During the upward movement of the valve body 5, after the elastic release, the primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6 are compressed in sequence to store energy, and the valve body 5 stops when it reaches the limit when it abuts against the upper connector 1 or the upper hammer seat 3. This reciprocating motion realizes the reciprocating elastic control and drive of the upper hammer 14.

[0043] Optionally, the valve assembly further includes a primary spring limiting sleeve 7, a secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, and a filter sleeve 2. The filter sleeve 2 is disposed in the inner hole of the upper hammer seat 3. The top end of the filter sleeve 2 abuts against the upper connector 1. The top end of the filter sleeve 2 abuts against the top end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4. The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 is engaged with the top end of the valve body 5. When the valve body 5 moves downward, it can drive the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 to compress the secondary spring 6 to store elastic energy. The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 can abut against the stepped surface of the inner hole of the upper hammer seat 3 for limiting. The primary spring limiting sleeve 7 is sleeved on the bottom end of the valve body 5. The primary spring 8 is sleeved on the primary spring limiting sleeve 7. When the valve body 5 moves downward, it can drive the primary spring limiting sleeve 7 to compress the primary spring 8 to store elastic energy.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, in one feasible embodiment, the filter sleeve 2 is used to adjust or control the movement distance of the valve body 5. The top end of the filter sleeve 2 abuts against the upper connector 1, and the bottom end abuts against the top end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4. The outer peripheral wall of the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper hammer seat 3, and the inner boss at the bottom end engages with the hook at the top of the valve body 5. When the valve body 5 moves downward, the hook drives the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 downward, thereby compressing the secondary spring 6. The inner hole of the upper hammer seat 3 is provided with a stepped hole. When the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 moves downward and abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole, it stops compressing the secondary spring 6, serving as the second limiting point of the valve body 5. The contact between the valve head 9 and the valve seat 10 is the first limiting point of the valve body 5. When the valve body 5 is at the first limiting point, a piston effect occurs, and the upper hammer 14 moves downward together with the valve body 5 to store energy. When the valve body 5 is at the second limiting point, the piston effect fails, and the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, the valve body 5, and the primary spring limiting sleeve 7 quickly return to their original positions under the elastic force of the primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6. At the same time, the upper hammer 14 quickly completes its upward strike. The primary spring limiting sleeve 7 is L-shaped, with its long side along the axial direction and its short side along the radial direction, and is located between the primary spring 8 and the secondary spring 6. When the secondary spring 6 is compressed, it can achieve secondary compression energy storage through the compression of the primary spring limiting sleeve 7 and the spring 8.

[0045] Optionally, the stiffness coefficient of the primary spring 8 is less than that of the secondary spring 6. The two springs with different elasticity facilitate the upper hammer 14 to generate pulse-type continuous vibration. The bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping of the present invention is 400 times more efficient than conventional shock devices and is particularly suitable for fishing in horizontal wells and highly deviated wells.

[0046] Optionally, such as Figure 3 The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping also includes a three-stage spring 17 and a four-stage spring 18. The shaft diameter of the energy storage spindle 16 is provided with an outwardly protruding second annular boss 161, and the energy storage outer cylinder 15 is provided with an inwardly protruding third annular boss 151. The three-stage spring 7 is sleeved on the top end of the energy storage spindle 16, and the two ends of the three-stage spring 17 abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer 14 and the third annular boss 151, respectively. The four-stage spring 18 is sleeved on the bottom end of the energy storage spindle 16, and the two ends of the four-stage spring 18 abut against the second annular boss 161 and the lower hammer 19, respectively. When the energy storage spindle 16 moves downward, it can compress the four-stage spring 18 to store energy elastically, and when the energy storage outer cylinder 15 moves upward, it can compress the three-stage spring 17 to store energy elastically.

[0047] It should be noted that several third breathing holes 162 are provided on the side wall of the energy storage spindle 16. The third breathing holes 162 connect the mounting cavities of the third-stage spring 17 and the fourth-stage spring 18 to balance the internal and external pressures and facilitate the compression and recovery of the third-stage spring 17 and the fourth-stage spring 18. When the upper hammer 14 moves downward, it compresses the third-stage spring 17 and drives the energy storage spindle 16 downward. The energy storage spindle 16 compresses the fourth-stage spring 18 and drives the lower hammer seat 20 downward. The lower hammer seat 20 drives the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 downward and impacts the lower connector 27. The lower connector 27 drives the conversion connector 23 and the torque transmission sleeve 22 downward relative to the torque transmission outer cylinder 21 through the connecting sleeve 25. The conversion connector 23 and the straightening sleeve 24 separate, realizing one impact.

[0048] Optionally, the valve seat 10 is connected to the inner stepped hole of the upper hammer 14 by screws 11, a first sealing ring 12 is provided between the valve seat 10 and the upper hammer 14, and a second sealing ring 13 is provided between the upper hammer 14 and the upper hammer seat 3.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the first sealing ring 12 is preferably an O-ring, and at least two first sealing rings 12 are provided, respectively fitted on both sides of the screw 11. The valve seat 10 is made of YG8 hard alloy, which can withstand impact and long-term erosion by fluid. The first sealing rings 12 fitted on the surface are used to seal the gap between the valve seat 10 and the upper hammer 14, ensuring the generation of liquid pressure differential. The second sealing ring 13 is preferably a Y-ring or O-ring, and multiple second sealing rings 13 are provided. Multiple second sealing rings 13 are spaced apart between the upper hammer 14 and the upper hammer seat 3 to achieve a sliding sealing fit between the two. (Further details may vary.) Figure 1 The bottom end of the upper hammer seat 3 is externally threaded, and the top end of the energy storage outer cylinder 15 is internally threaded. After the two are threadedly connected, the second shaft diameter of the upper hammer 14 can stop against the bottom end face of the upper hammer seat 3 to achieve upward limit.

[0050] Optionally, the valve body 5 has a first breather hole 51 on its side wall and a first through hole 52 at its bottom end. When the liquid flows through the first through hole 52, a pressure difference is generated to drive the valve body 5 to compress the first-stage spring 8 and the second-stage spring 6 in sequence.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, the first breather hole 51 connects the inner cavity of the valve body 5 and the mounting cavity of the first-stage spring 8 and the second-stage spring 6, which can balance the internal and external pressures and facilitate the compression or recovery of the first-stage spring 8 and the second-stage spring 6. The first through hole 52 is an oblique hole, tilted outward relative to the axis of the valve body 5. The first through hole 52 can connect the inner cavity of the valve body 5 and the top of the valve seat 10. When the pumped liquid passes through the second through hole 201 at the bottom of the filter sleeve 2, the top of the valve body 5 is subjected to liquid pressure and moves downward to the valve head 9 and valve seat 10, and the valve assembly is in the closed state. The first-stage spring 8 and the second-stage spring 6 store elastic energy, and the upper hammer 14 moves downward. After the liquid passes through the first through hole 52, the liquid pressure difference gradually increases to be greater than the elastic force stored in the elastic energy. Under the downward inertia of the upper hammer 14, the valve head 9 and valve seat 10 separate, and the valve assembly is in the open state. The valve body 5 rebounds, that is, returns. The upper hammer 14 impacts upward under the action of the spring force and drives the lower connector 27 to impact upward, thereby directly transmitting the 10-20 ton impact force to the fishing spear (tube) and the fish dropper.

[0052] Based on the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping described in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1, pressing down on the upper drill string causes the valve assembly and the upper hammer 14 to move downwards simultaneously until the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 abuts against the lower connector 27. The valve assembly elastically stores energy, and the bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping is in position. Figure 1 The initial state is shown, and the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping is lowered to the predetermined position downhole;

[0054] S2, Upward Strike Operation: After circulating and rinsing the top of the fish, retrieve the fallen object. After confirming the capture of the fallen fish, lift the upper drill bit until the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 separates from the lower connector 27, and the straightening sleeve 24 separates from the conversion connector 23. Start the pump and pump the set displacement of liquid into the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping. The valve assembly operates under the action of liquid pressure difference and elastically stores energy. Under the action of elastic energy storage, the upper hammer 14 is elastically driven to impact upward and drive the lower connector 27 to impact upward. The impact force is directly transmitted to the fallen fish, and under the action of the elastic energy storage of the valve assembly, a cyclic impact is formed on the fallen fish. The frequency of the cyclic impact is repeated 180-300 times per minute.

[0055] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, a pump truck is used to pump clean liquid, such as water, brine, fiber-free slurry, or low-solids slurry, into the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping. When the pump's displacement is less than 8 L / s, no vibration is generated. When the displacement is greater than 10 L / s, the working displacement of the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping is reached, i.e., the set displacement. The valve body 5 can move under the action of the pressure difference and close the upper hammer 14. The valve body 5 and the upper hammer 14 move downwards simultaneously, and the first-stage spring 8, the second-stage spring 6, the third-stage spring 17, and the fourth-stage spring 18 all elastically store energy.

[0056] After confirming the capture of the fish, the pump is lifted by 10-20 tons, separating the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 and the lower connector 27, activating the upward striking state. When the pump is started at the set displacement, and the valve body 5 reaches the first limit point, the primary spring 8 is compressed, and the valve head 9 and valve seat 10 contact to form a closed piston. The secondary spring limiting sleeve 4 descends until it abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped hole of the upper hammer seat 3. At this point, the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, valve body 5, valve head 9, valve seat 10, and upper hammer 14 are all in critical positions. The upper hammer 14 continues to descend, and simultaneously, the valve assembly is open, the piston effect fails, the valve body 5 returns, and the upper hammer 14 continues to descend. The secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, valve body 5, primary spring limiting sleeve 7, and valve head 9 quickly return to their original states, and the upper hammer 14 strikes upward, completing one upward striking operation. Only then can the next upward striking cycle begin. It is understandable that the 10-20 tons of force applied during the upward movement is stored through elastic energy storage, so that when released, the 10-20 tons of impact force can be directly transmitted to the fish through the lower connector 27. Under the elastic force of the stored energy, the upward striking action of the upper hammer 14 is repeated 180-300 times per minute, resulting in efficient impact and retrieval.

[0057] In actual working conditions, if the up-click operation in step S2 has no effect after 1-2 hours, the down-click operation in step S3 can be used.

[0058] S3, Downward Impact Operation: After the upward impact operation stops, stop the pump, grab the fallen fish and press down the upper drill string until the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 abuts against the lower connector 27; start the pump and pump the set displacement of liquid into the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping. The first-stage spring 8 is compressed until the valve body 5 is at the first limit point, and the valve head 9 and valve body 10 contact to form a closed piston; the second-stage spring 6 is compressed until the second-stage spring limit sleeve 4 abuts against the stepped surface inside the upper hammer seat 3, and the valve body 5 is at the second limit point; the upper drill string, upper connector 1, upper hammer seat 3 and energy storage outer cylinder 15 move upward, and a separation space is created between the upper hammer 14, upper hammer seat 3 and energy storage outer cylinder 15. The lower hammer seat 20 and lower hammer 19 separate, and the straightening sleeve 24 separates from the conversion connector 23. At this point, the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, valve body 5, valve head 9, valve seat 10, and upper hammer 14 are all in critical positions. Under the action of liquid pressure difference, the upper connector 1, upper hammer seat 3, and energy storage outer cylinder 15 continue to move upward, the valve head 9 and valve seat 10 separate, the piston effect fails, the secondary spring limiting sleeve 4, valve body 5, primary spring limiting sleeve 7, and valve head 9 quickly return to their original state, the upper connector 1, upper hammer seat 3, and energy storage outer cylinder 15 quickly move downward, and the lower hammer 19 impacts the lower hammer seat 20 downward under the action of elastic energy storage, completing one downward impact and directly transmitting the impact force to the fish. Then, the next downward impact cycle begins, forming a cyclic impact on the fish. The frequency of the cyclic impact is 180-300 times per minute.

[0059] It should be noted that when the upper drill string is pressed down until the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 and the lower connector 27 overlap, the downward force is generally 10-20 tons. When the pump is started at the set displacement, when the valve body 5 is at the second limit point (valve head 9 and valve seat 10 are engaged), the upper hammer 14 cannot continue to descend because the bidirectional switching sleeve 26 and the lower connector 27 are in contact. The upper hammer 14 acts as a piston. Under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the upper connector 1, upper hammer seat 3, energy storage outer cylinder 15, lower hammer 19, torque transmission outer cylinder 21, and centering device move downwards. Sleeve 24 will move upwards together with adapter 23, straightening sleeve 24 will separate from adapter 23, and at the same time the valve assembly will open. When valve body 5 returns to the first limit point, it will rebound, driving the lower hammer 19 to strike the lower hammer seat 20 downwards. Then, through bidirectional switching sleeve 26, it will strike the lower connector 27 downwards, thereby directly transmitting 10-20 tons of impact force to the fish. Under the action of elastic energy storage and elastic force, the lower connector 27 has a striking frequency of 180-300 times per minute, forming a highly efficient striking action.

[0060] Preferably, the upward and downward impact operations can be performed independently or alternately for better retrieval results. By using a bidirectional continuous impact device for pull-out shaping, with an impact force of not less than 10-20 tons and an impact frequency of 3-5Hz, a horizontal well repair technology is formed, achieving integrated shock shaping and casing grinding, with a wellbore repair capability of 1500mm.

[0061] The present invention relates to a bidirectional continuous impact method for pull-out shaping. By lowering a bidirectional continuous impact device into a predetermined position within a horizontal well, it can perform upward impacts on fallen fish, enabling high-frequency cyclic impacts and thus achieving efficient fish retrieval. This method is particularly suitable for repairing horizontal wells with high deflection, high curvature, and thick-walled casing. Compared to existing technologies, this invention can improve fish retrieval efficiency by 3-5 days, effectively shortening the operation cycle, and is especially suitable for thick-walled casing well workover operations.

[0062] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping, characterized in that, include: The upper drilling tool includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector (1), an upper hammer seat (3), an energy storage outer cylinder (15), a lower hammer (19), a torque transmission outer cylinder (21), a centralizing sleeve (24), a valve assembly, and an upper hammer (14); the valve assembly and the upper hammer (14) are slidably connected to the inner hole of the upper hammer seat (3), the valve assembly is configured to elastically drive the upper hammer (14), the upper hammer (14) has a first shaft diameter and a second shaft diameter, the first shaft diameter is connected to the valve assembly and slidably connected to the inner hole of the upper hammer seat (3), the second shaft diameter is located inside the energy storage outer cylinder (15) and elastically abuts against the lower hammer (19), the second shaft diameter can abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer seat (3) to limit the upward movement of the upper hammer (14); Torque transmission sleeve (22) is located inside the torque transmission outer cylinder (21) and is connected to the torque transmission outer cylinder (21) in a toothed manner. The torque generated by the rotation of the upper drill bit is transmitted to the torque transmission sleeve (22) through the torque transmission outer cylinder (21). The lower drilling tool includes a conversion joint (23), a connecting sleeve (25), and a lower connector (27) that are sequentially connected and fixed to the torque transmission sleeve (22). The conversion joint (23) has a first annular boss (231) protruding outward on its shaft diameter. The bottom end of the straightening sleeve (24) abuts against the upper step surface of the first annular boss (231). The bottom end of the conversion joint (23) is connected to the connecting sleeve (25). The lower hammer seat (20) is located inside the torque transmission outer cylinder (21), and the top shaft diameter of the lower hammer seat (20) is slidably connected to the torque transmission outer cylinder (21). The top inner hole of the lower hammer seat (20) is connected to the bottom shaft diameter of the energy storage spindle (16). The top of the energy storage spindle (16) passes through the lower hammer (19) and the energy storage outer cylinder (15) in sequence and is connected to the upper hammer (14). The bottom end of the lower hammer seat (20) is connected to the bidirectional switching sleeve (26). The bidirectional switching sleeve (26) is located inside the connecting sleeve (25) and is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve (25). The two ends of the bidirectional switching sleeve (26) can respectively abut against the bottom end of the conversion joint (23) and the top end of the lower joint (27). The valve assembly includes a valve body (5), a valve head (9), a valve seat (10), a secondary spring (6), and a primary spring (8). The valve head (9) is fixed at the bottom of the valve body (5). The primary spring (8) and the secondary spring (6) are both sleeved on the valve body (5). The valve seat (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper hammer (14). The downward movement of the valve body (5) or the upward movement of the upper hammer seat (3) enables the primary spring (8) and the secondary spring (6) to elastically store energy. The valve assembly further includes a primary spring limiting sleeve (7), a secondary spring limiting sleeve (4), and a filter sleeve (2). The filter sleeve (2) is disposed in the inner hole of the upper hammer seat (3). The top end of the filter sleeve (2) abuts against the upper connector (1). The top end of the filter sleeve (2) abuts against the top end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve (4). The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve (4) is engaged with the top end of the valve body (5). When the valve body (5) moves downward, it can drive the secondary spring limiting sleeve (4) to compress the secondary spring (6) to store elastic energy. The bottom end of the secondary spring limiting sleeve (4) can abut against the inner hole step surface of the upper hammer seat (3) to limit the movement. The primary spring limiting sleeve (7) is sleeved on the bottom end of the valve body (5). The primary spring (8) is sleeved on the primary spring limiting sleeve (7). When the valve body (5) moves downward, it can drive the primary spring limiting sleeve (7) to compress the primary spring (8) to store elastic energy.

2. The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring constant of the first-stage spring (8) is less than that of the second-stage spring (6).

3. The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping further includes a three-stage spring (17) and a four-stage spring (18). The shaft diameter of the energy storage spindle (16) is provided with an outwardly protruding second annular boss (161), and the energy storage outer cylinder (15) is provided with an inwardly protruding third annular boss (151). The three-stage spring (17) is sleeved on the top of the energy storage spindle (16), and the two ends of the three-stage spring (17) respectively abut against the bottom end of the upper hammer (14) and the third annular boss (151). The four-stage spring (18) is sleeved on the bottom end of the energy storage spindle (16), and the two ends of the four-stage spring (18) respectively abut against the second annular boss (161) and the lower hammer (19). When the energy storage spindle (16) moves downward, it can compress the four-stage spring (18) to store energy elastically. When the energy storage outer cylinder (15) moves upward, it can compress the three-stage spring (17) to store energy elastically.

4. The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve seat (10) is connected to the inner stepped hole of the upper hammer (14) by a screw (11). A first sealing ring (12) is provided between the valve seat (10) and the upper hammer (14), and a second sealing ring (13) is provided between the upper hammer (14) and the upper hammer seat (3).

5. The bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (5) has a first breathing hole (51) on its side wall and a first through hole (52) at its bottom end. When the liquid flows through the first through hole (52), a pressure difference is generated to drive the valve body (5) to compress the first-stage spring (8) and the second-stage spring (6) in sequence.

6. A bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping, characterized in that, The bidirectional continuous impact apparatus for drawing and shaping according to any one of claims 1-5, and the bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping, comprises the following steps: S1, the upper drill string is pressed down so that the valve assembly and the upper hammer (14) move downward simultaneously to the bidirectional switching sleeve (26) and the lower connector (27) abut against each other. The valve assembly stores energy elastically. The bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping is in the initial state and the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping is lowered to the predetermined position downhole. S2, Upward Strike Operation: After circulating and rinsing the top of the fish, retrieve the fallen object. After confirming that the fallen fish has been captured, lift the upper drill bit until the bidirectional switching sleeve (26) is separated from the lower connector (27). Start the pump and pump the set displacement of liquid into the bidirectional continuous impact device for pulling and shaping. The valve assembly operates under the action of liquid pressure difference and elastically stores energy. Under the action of the elastic energy storage, the upper hammer (14) is elastically driven to impact upward and drive the lower connector (27) to impact upward. The impact force is directly transmitted to the fallen fish and forms a cyclic impact on the fallen fish under the action of the elastic energy storage of the valve assembly. The frequency of the cyclic impact is repeated 180-300 times per minute.

7. The bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes step S3: S3, Downward Operation: After the upward operation stops, stop the pump and press down the upper drill bit until the bidirectional switching sleeve (26) abuts against the lower connector (27); The pump is turned on, and the set displacement of liquid is pumped into the bidirectional continuous impact device for drawing and shaping. The upper hammer (14) cannot move downward. Under the action of liquid pressure difference, the upper connector (1), upper hammer seat (3), energy storage outer cylinder (15), lower hammer (19), torque transmission outer cylinder (21) and straightening sleeve (24) move upward together. The straightening sleeve (24) separates from the conversion connector (23). At the same time, the valve assembly returns and elastically stores energy. When the elastic energy is greater than the liquid pressure difference, the lower hammer (19) impacts the lower hammer seat (20), the bidirectional switching sleeve (26) and the lower connector (27) downward under the action of elastic force, thereby directly transmitting the impact force to the fish and forming a cyclic impact on the fish under the action of elastic force. The frequency of the cyclic impact is 180-300 times per minute.

8. The bidirectional continuous impact method for drawing and shaping according to claim 7, characterized in that, The up-click operation and the down-click operation are repeated alternately.

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