Active detonation flame arrestor

Abstract

The application provides an active explosion flame arrester, comprising: a flame arrester shell; a flame-retardant unit arranged in the interior of the flame arrester shell; and an active explosion suppression device; wherein the active explosion suppression device can monitor a front-end flame signal in real time, and can generate an impact flame at one end close to the flame-retardant unit when the front-end flame is detected, the impact flame propagates forward to collide with the front-end flame to weaken an impact wave of the front-end flame, and consumes combustible gas in the flame arrester shell, so as to suppress the front-end flame propagation, and thus extinguish the front-end flame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flame arrester technology, specifically relating to an active detonation flame arrester. Background Technology

[0002] With restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, tank farm connectivity and VOCs control have become key measures to reduce VOCs emissions. As the last crucial line of defense against tank fires, the performance of flame arresters is paramount. Flame arresters are critical facilities for preventing flame propagation. Once ignited inside a pipeline, the flame velocity accelerates as it spreads. Flame propagation can generally be categorized into deflagration propagation or detonation propagation. During detonation propagation, the flame velocity can reach thousands of meters per second, and the peak explosion pressure can reach hundreds of times the initial pressure, resulting in immense destructive power.

[0003] Currently, most detonation flame arresters consist of a flame arrester shell and a flame-retardant unit. They rely on the heat transfer and wall effects of the flame-retardant unit (often composed of multiple layers of stainless steel corrugated plates) to cool the flame and quench free radicals. This process primarily suppresses flame propagation. However, detonation propagation, in addition to the high-speed flame front, is accompanied by the propagation of a spiral detonation wave. Due to the enormous impact of the detonation wave, the flame-retardant unit must be designed with sufficient thickness to withstand it. This results in significant flow resistance, limiting the efficient daily operation of the flame arrester, leading to higher maintenance and repair costs, and sometimes even causing the flame arrester to malfunction.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN111097118B discloses a flow-dispersing, low-pressure-drop, large-diameter flame arrester, comprising an upper shell and a lower shell, with the upper shell located directly above the lower shell. Both the upper and lower shells have multiple mounting holes spaced evenly in a circumferential direction. An air inlet is located on the upper side of the upper shell, and an air outlet is located on the lower side of the lower shell. Both the air inlet and outlet have threaded interfaces inside, and each of the two threaded interfaces has a flow-dividing mechanism for differentiating the flow rate. A connecting flange is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper shell. However, this flow-dispersing, low-pressure-drop, large-diameter flame arrester cannot actively weaken the energy of flame propagation within the pipeline, nor can it simultaneously consume the combustible gas inside the flame arrester's outer shell. While the flow-dividing mechanism can reduce flame impact to some extent, it cannot effectively extinguish the flame, resulting in poor flame-arresting performance.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN110314306A discloses a bidirectional detonation-resistant flame arrester, which includes a housing, two housings, a flame arresting component between the housings, and a shock wave absorbing device between the housing and the flame arresting component. A buffer chamber is provided inside the housing, where the detonation shock wave is depressurized and decelerated, protecting the flame arresting component. This invention uses the shock wave absorbing device to cause a backflow of the shock wave within the buffer chamber, braking the flame shock wave. The shock wave velocity and pressure cancel each other out, thus attenuating the detonation shock wave and reducing the impact on the flame arresting component. However, this bidirectional detonation-resistant flame arrester cannot actively weaken the energy of flame propagation within the pipeline, nor can it simultaneously consume the combustible gas inside the flame arrester's housing. While the shock wave absorbing device can reduce flame impact to some extent, it cannot effectively extinguish the flame, resulting in poor flame arresting performance.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN104274929A discloses a detonation-type flame arrester, belonging to the technical field of pipeline safety equipment. It includes a housing, a flame arrester, and pipe fittings. The housings are bolted together, and a flame arrester is installed between them. A buffer device is provided between the pipe fittings and the flame arrester plate, and the edge of the buffer device has a ring of through holes. This detonation-type flame arrester cannot actively weaken the energy of flame propagation within the pipeline, nor can it simultaneously consume the combustible gas inside the flame arrester housing. Although the buffer device can reduce flame impact to some extent, it cannot effectively extinguish the flame, resulting in poor flame-arresting performance.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an active detonation flame arrester that can achieve dual suppression of detonation waves and combustion, thereby significantly improving the performance of flame arresters. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the technical problems described above, this invention aims to provide an active detonation flame arrester. This active detonation flame arrester can actively weaken the energy of flame propagation within a pipeline while simultaneously consuming the combustible gas within the arrester's housing, achieving dual prevention of detonation waves and combustion, thereby extinguishing the flame and achieving flame arrest, which can greatly improve flame arresting performance.

[0009] To address this, the present invention provides an active detonation flame arrester, comprising: a flame arrester housing; a flame-retardant unit disposed inside the flame arrester housing; and an active explosion suppression device; wherein the active explosion suppression device is capable of real-time monitoring of the front-end flame signal, and upon detecting the front-end flame, generates an impact flame at one end near the flame-retardant unit. The impact flame propagates forward to collide with the front-end flame, thereby weakening the shock wave of the front-end flame and consuming the combustible gas inside the flame arrester housing, thereby suppressing the propagation of the front-end flame and extinguishing the front-end flame.

[0010] In one embodiment, the active explosion suppression device includes a flame detection unit and an ignition unit.

[0011] The flame detection unit is installed on the pipe body connected to the flame arrester housing, and is used to monitor in real time whether a flame is generated inside the pipe body. The ignition unit is installed on the axial end face of the flame arrester unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the active explosion suppression device further includes a circuit amplification and control unit connected between the flame detection unit and the ignition unit.

[0013] The flame detection unit can generate an electrical signal when it detects a flame at the front end and transmit it to the circuit amplification and control unit. The electrical signal is amplified by the circuit amplification and control unit and then transmitted to the ignition unit to control the ignition unit to ignite.

[0014] In this embodiment, an active explosion suppression device detects the front-end flame and controls the ignition unit to ignite, generating an impact flame inside the flame arrester housing. The impact flame propagates forward and collides with the front-end flame, weakening its shock wave. Simultaneously, the impact flame consumes the combustible gas in the pipeline before the original flame propagates to the active detonation flame arrester, reducing the amount of combustible gas inside the flame arrester housing and thus weakening the intensity of the original pipeline flame propagation. Finally, the flame arrester unit prevents and extinguishes the deflagration / detonation flame in the pipeline, further improving flow performance and extinguishing the front-end flame. This greatly improves the reliability of flame extinguishing and significantly enhances the flame arrester's flame-arresting performance.

[0015] In one embodiment, one end of the circuit amplification control unit is connected to the flame detection unit via a first signal line, and the other end is connected to the ignition unit via a second signal line.

[0016] In one embodiment, the flame detection unit includes a cathode detection unit and an anode detection unit, which pass through the sidewall of the pipe body and extend inward.

[0017] Preferably, the extension dimensions of the cathode detection unit and the anode detection unit within the pipe body can be set to be between one-third and one-half of the inner diameter of the pipe body.

[0018] This structure of the cathode and anode detection sections effectively ensures the flame detection performance of the flame detection unit and further improves the reliability of the flame arrester.

[0019] In one embodiment, an insulating element is provided between the cathode detection unit and the anode detection unit.

[0020] In one embodiment, the ignition unit includes an ignition module disposed within the flame arrester housing.

[0021] In one embodiment, the ignition unit includes multiple ignition modules, which are disposed near the flame-retardant unit, and the circuit amplification control unit is capable of time-division control of the multiple ignition modules.

[0022] Preferably, the ignition module can be located inside the flame arrester housing.

[0023] More preferably, the ignition module can be installed in the middle of the flame arrestor unit, and the ignition module is arranged facing the pipe body.

[0024] In this embodiment, before the original flame in the pipeline propagates to the active detonation flame arrester, on the one hand, the impact flame generated by the ignition module consumes the combustible gas in the pipeline in advance, thereby weakening the intensity of the original flame propagation. On the other hand, the impact flame generated by the ignition module propagates forward until the shock wave front of the impact flame collides with the flame wave front of the preceding flame, weakening the shock wave of the preceding flame and thus extinguishing the preceding flame. Finally, the flame-retardant unit prevents and extinguishes the deflagration / detonation flame in the pipeline, further improving the flow performance.

[0025] In one embodiment, the ignition module is provided with a flame guiding element for controlling the direction of flame development after ignition by the ignition module.

[0026] In this embodiment, the flame guiding element is constructed as a conical cylinder surrounding the ignition module. This guides the flame generated by the ignition module, which is located inside the flame arrester housing, towards the front end, thereby improving the flow of the flame at the front end and ensuring the impact capability of the flame.

[0027] In one embodiment, the ignition module is provided with a flame acceleration element to enhance the speed and intensity of flame propagation after ignition by the ignition module.

[0028] In one embodiment, the diameter of the flame arrester housing is set to be larger than the diameter of the pipe body, and the diameters at both ends of the flame arrester housing are set to decrease from the flame arrester housing to the pipe body.

[0029] In one embodiment, the flame arrester housing is provided with a flame-retardant unit support to prevent the flame-retardant unit from being structurally damaged or displaced under the impact of a flame explosion.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are:

[0031] The active detonation flame arrester of the present invention detects flame signals within the pipeline and converts these signals into voltage signals suitable for ignition. This allows for ignition upstream of the flame arrester, preemptively consuming combustible gases within the pipeline before the original flame reaches it, thus weakening the intensity of the original flame propagation. Consequently, the active detonation flame arrester actively weakens the energy of flame propagation within the pipeline, reducing the impact damage from deflagration / detonation flames and achieving dual inhibition of detonation waves and combustion. This effectively prevents flame propagation and significantly enhances the flame-arresting performance of the active detonation flame arrester. Furthermore, while weakening flame energy, the active detonation flame arrester further reduces the volume and thickness of the flame-arresting unit. This unit effectively prevents and extinguishes deflagration / detonation flames within the pipeline, further improving flow performance without compromising flame-arresting performance. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of the active detonation flame arrester according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0034] Figure 2 schematically shown Figure 1 The structure of the flame detection unit in the active detonation flame arrester.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the propagation of the impact flame after the ignition unit ignites the combustible gas.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the collision between the impact flame of the ignition unit after igniting the combustible gas and the flame at the front end of the pipe.

[0037] Figure 5 The structure of the flame guide element in the ignition module is schematically shown.

[0038] Figure 6 The structure of another embodiment of the flame guiding element in the ignition module is schematically shown.

[0039] Figure 7 The structure of the flame acceleration element in the ignition module is schematically shown.

[0040] Figure 8 The diagram schematically illustrates the distribution of an embodiment of the ignition module in an ignition unit.

[0041] Figure 9 The diagram schematically illustrates the distribution of another embodiment of the ignition module in the ignition unit.

[0042] Figure 10The schematic diagram of the detonation flame arrester test device is shown.

[0043] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0044] 100-Active detonation flame arrester; 1-Flame arrester housing; 12-Pipe body; 2-Flame retardant unit; 20-Front-end flame; 201-Flame wave front; 3-Flame detection unit; 31-Cathode detection unit; 32-Anode detection unit; 4-Ignition unit; 40-Impact flame; 41-Ignition module; 401-Impact wave front; 411-Flame guiding element; 5-Circuit amplification control unit; 51-First signal line; 52-Second signal line; 512-Flame acceleration element; 6-Flame retardant unit support; 200-Testing device; 71-Inlet; 72-Inlet blind end; 73-Ignition unit; 74-Unprotected side (combustion side) pipe; 76-Flame pressure sensor; 77-Position; 78-Flame sensor; 79-Protected side pipe; 80-Outlet blind end; 81-Outlet.

[0045] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are provided merely to illustrate the principles of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0047] Figure 1 The structure of the active detonation flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is schematically shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the active detonation flame arrester 100 includes a flame arrester housing 1, a flame-retardant unit 2, and an active explosion suppression device. The active explosion suppression device can monitor the front flame signal in real time and generate an impact flame at one end near the flame-retardant unit 2 when the front flame is detected. The impact flame propagates forward and collides with the front flame to weaken the shock wave of the front flame and consume the combustible gas in the flame arrester housing 1, thereby suppressing the propagation of the front flame and extinguishing the front flame.

[0048] The flame arrester housing 1 is connected to the pipe body 12. The flame-retardant unit 2 is disposed inside the flame arrester housing 1. The active explosion suppression device includes a flame detection unit 3 disposed on the pipe body 12 connected to the flame arrester housing 1, an ignition unit 4 disposed inside the flame arrester housing, and a circuit amplification control unit 5 connected between the flame detection unit 3 and the ignition unit 4. When the flame detection unit 3 detects a front flame, it generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the circuit amplification control unit 5. After the electrical signal is amplified by the circuit amplification control unit 5, it is transmitted to the ignition unit 4 and controls the ignition unit 4 to ignite, thereby generating an impact flame inside the flame arrester housing 1. The impact flame propagates forward and collides with the front flame, weakening the shock wave of the front flame and consuming the combustible gas inside the flame arrester housing 1, thereby extinguishing the front flame. It should be noted that the front end here refers to the end of the active detonation flame arrester 100 that is close to the end of the pipe where the flame is generated, and the rear end refers to the end away from the end of the pipe where the flame is generated.

[0049] The active detonation flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is connected in the pipeline during use. It detects the flame signal in the pipeline and converts the signal into a voltage signal that can be used for ignition, thereby realizing ignition upstream of the active detonation flame arrester 100. This consumes the combustible gas in the pipeline before the original flame in the pipeline propagates to the active detonation flame arrester 100, thereby weakening the intensity of the original flame propagation in the pipeline. Finally, the flame-retardant unit 2 prevents and extinguishes the deflagration / detonation flame in the pipeline, further improving the flow performance.

[0050] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the flame arrester housing 1 is set to be larger than the diameter of the pipe body 12, and the diameters at both ends of the flame arrester housing 1 are set to decrease from the flame arrester housing 1 to the pipe body 12. The two ends of the pipe body 12 are used to connect pipes to connect the active detonation flame arrester 100 to the application pipe.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the circuit amplification control unit 5 is connected to the flame detection unit 3 via the first signal line 51, and the other end is connected to the ignition unit 4 via the second signal line 52. Preferably, the flame detection unit 3 is located away from the flame-retardant unit 2 and is positioned at the front end of the pipe body 12, while the ignition unit 4 is located on the flame arrester housing 1 and is positioned close to the flame-retardant unit 2.

[0052] like Figure 2As shown, the flame detection unit 3 includes a cathode detection section 31 and an anode detection section 32. The cathode detection section 31 and the anode detection section 32 pass through the side wall of the pipe body 12 and extend inward along the diameter of the pipe body 12 for detecting flames. Preferably, the extension dimension of the cathode detection section 31 and the anode detection section 32 within the pipe body 12 can be set to be between one-third and one-half of the inner diameter of the pipe body 12. This effectively ensures the flame detection performance of the flame detection unit 3.

[0053] In one embodiment, an insulating element (not shown) is provided between the cathode detection unit 31 and the anode detection unit 32.

[0054] In actual operation, when combustion occurs in the pipeline, the flame propagates to the front-end flame detection unit 3. Due to the conductivity of flame ions, a conductive path is formed between the cathode detection part 31 and the anode detection part 32 of the front-end flame detection unit 3. At the same time, a weak electrical signal is generated and passes through the circuit amplification and control unit 5 along the direction of the second signal line 52. The circuit amplification and control unit 5 amplifies the weak electrical signal from the flame detection unit 3 and converts it into a kilovolt-level voltage signal. This voltage signal is then transmitted to the ignition unit 4 through the first signal line to achieve ignition.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ignition unit 4 includes an ignition module 41, which is located near the flame-retardant unit 2. Preferably, the ignition module 41 is located inside the flame arrester housing 1. More preferably, the ignition module 41 is installed in the middle of the flame-retardant unit 2 and is arranged towards the pipe body 12. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the propagation of the impact flame after the ignition unit 4 ignites the combustible gas.

[0056] Before the existing flame in the pipeline propagates to the active detonation flame arrester 100, on the one hand, the impact flame 40 generated by the ignition module 41 consumes the combustible gas in the pipeline in advance, thereby weakening the intensity of the original pipeline flame 20. On the other hand, the impact flame 40 generated by the ignition module 41 propagates forward until the shock wave front 401 of the impact flame 40 collides with the flame wave front 201 of the leading flame, weakening the shock wave of the leading flame 20 and thus extinguishing the leading flame 20. Finally, the flame arrester unit 2 prevents and extinguishes the deflagration / detonation flame in the pipeline, further improving the flow performance. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the collision between the impact flame 40 after the ignition unit 4 ignites the combustible gas and the flame 20 at the front end of the pipe.

[0057] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ignition unit 4 in the active detonation flame arrester 100′ includes a plurality of ignition modules 41, which are disposed near the flame-retardant unit 2. All of the ignition modules 41 can be arranged inside the flame arrester housing 1. Alternatively, they can be positioned near the flame-retardant unit 2 and inside the flame arrester housing 1 according to certain positional requirements, preferably with at least one ignition module 41 inside the flame arrester housing 1. For example, at least one ignition module 41 is arranged inside the flame arrester housing 1, and the other ignition modules 41 can be arranged sequentially at intervals on the pipe body 12. The spacing of the ignition modules 41 arranged on the pipe body 12 can be determined according to the flame-retardant medium and pipe specifications. The circuit amplification control unit 5 can perform time-division control of the plurality of ignition modules 41. For example, the first ignition module 41 ignites immediately, the second ignition module 41 ignites 10 microseconds later than the first ignition module 41, and so on, to achieve sequential discharge ignition of the plurality of ignition modules 41.

[0058] For example, in Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the ignition unit 4 includes three ignition modules 41, which are sequentially spaced apart and disposed inside the flame arrester housing 1 and at the front end of the flame-retardant unit 2. Preferably, the distance between the ignition modules 41 decreases sequentially. Furthermore, all three ignition modules 41 are signal-connected to the circuit amplification and control unit 5 via a second signal line 52.

[0059] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the ignition unit 4 includes three ignition modules 41, one of which is disposed inside the flame arrester housing 1, and the other two are spaced apart on the pipe body 12. All three ignition modules 41 are connected to the circuit amplification and control unit 5 via a second signal line 52.

[0060] According to the present invention, when the ignition unit 4 includes two ignition modules 41, the distance between the ignition module 41 and the flame detection unit 3 is greater than 5D, preferably 10D. Here, D refers to the diameter of the pipe connecting the active detonation flame arrester 100.

[0061] When the ignition unit 4 includes at least three ignition modules 41, some of the ignition modules 41 are spaced apart on the pipe body 12, with the distance between the ignition modules 41 decreasing sequentially. The distance between the first ignition module 41 and the flame detection unit 3 is greater than 5D, preferably 10D, denoted as L1. The distance L2 between the second ignition module 41 and the third ignition module 41 is 0.8L1, preferably L2 < 0.5L1, and so on. The distance between the last two ignition modules 41 on the pipe body 12 is not less than 2D, preferably not less than 5D.

[0062] Alternatively, when there are at least two ignition modules 41, the ignition modules 41 are concentrated on one side of the flame-retardant unit 2. Preferably, at least one ignition module 41 is placed inside the flame arrester housing 1, and the remaining ignition modules 41 are no more than 10D away from the connection end between the flame-retardant unit 2 and the pipeline, preferably no more than 5D.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the ignition module 41 may be provided with a flame guiding element 411, which is used to control the direction of development of the impact flame 40 formed after the ignition module 41 is ignited.

[0064] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, for the ignition module 41 (e.g., arranged inside the flame arrester housing 1 and installed at the front end of the flame-retardant unit 2) Figure 6 As shown, its flame guiding element 411 is configured as a conical cylinder surrounding the ignition module 41. This allows the flame generated by the ignition of the ignition module 41, which is arranged inside the flame arrester housing 1, to be guided towards the front end.

[0065] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, for the ignition module 41 arranged on the pipe body 12 (e.g. Figure 6 As shown, its flame guiding element 411' is constructed in the shape of an arc-shaped plate, and the concave direction of the arc-shaped flame guiding element 411' is rearward. As a result, the flame generated by the ignition module 41 arranged on the pipe body 12 can be guided to the front end.

[0066] To enhance the propagation speed and intensity of the impact flame 40 formed after the ignition unit 4 ignites the combustible gas, the ignition module 41 may also be provided with a flame acceleration element 512. The flame acceleration element 512 may be, for example, a jet orifice plate or an acceleration device.

[0067] In one embodiment, the exterior of the flame arrester housing 1 may be provided with a flame-retardant unit support 6 (see...). Figure 1 The flame-retardant unit support 6 can effectively prevent the flame-retardant unit 2 from structural damage and displacement under the impact of a flame explosion. The flame-retardant unit support 6 can be constructed as a cross-shaped, star-shaped, or spider web-shaped support plate, for example.

[0068] The working process of the active detonation flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is described in detail below.

[0069] The two ends of the active detonation flame arrester 100 are connected to the pipeline through the pipeline body 12.

[0070] When combustion occurs in the pipeline, the flame 20 at the front end propagates within the pipeline to the flame detection unit 3 at the front end. Due to the conductivity of flame ions, a conductive path is formed between the cathode detection part 31 and the anode detection part 32 of the flame detection unit 3, simultaneously generating a weak electrical signal. This signal travels along the second signal line 52 through the circuit amplification and control unit 5. The circuit amplification and control unit 5 amplifies the weak electrical signal from the flame detection unit 3, converting it into a kilovolt-level voltage signal. This voltage signal is then conducted through the first signal line to the ignition unit 4 to achieve ignition. Since combustible gas is present throughout the flame arrester housing 1, the combustible gas in the flame arrester housing 1 is ignited and gradually forms a combustion cloud, further forming an impact flame 40. When the impact flame 40 encounters the flame-retardant unit 2, the heat transfer effect and wall effect of the flame-retardant unit 2 cause the impact flame 40 at the end of the flame-retardant unit 2 to extinguish.

[0071] Simultaneously, because the flame-retardant unit 2 provides some obstruction to the impact flame 40, the impact flame 40 tends to develop in the opposite direction, forming a shock wave front 401 that propagates forward. This shock wave front 401 then passes through the constriction formed at the connection between the flame arrester housing 1 and the pipe body 12, colliding with the flame wave front 201 of the continuously developing front flame 20. This weakens the shock wave energy of the front flame 20 and simultaneously consumes the combustible gas within the flame arrester housing 1. Consequently, when the front flame 20 reaches the flame-retardant unit 2, the flame energy is weakened due to the detonation wave, and the lack of combustible gas support prevents the flame from sustaining. Thus, the flame extinguishes, achieving successful flame arrest.

[0072] The active detonation flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0073] Example 1:

[0074] Taking the DN100 steady-state detonation flame arrester with an explosion-proof rating of IIA as an example, the active detonation flame arrester 100 is an example.

[0075] The flame-retardant unit 2 of the DN100 steady-state detonation flame arrester adopts a deflagration type flame-retardant unit. In this embodiment, the flame-retardant unit 2 specifically adopts a 50mm thick corrugated plate flame-retardant plate.

[0076] For ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the test is conducted using the detonation flame arrester test method recommended by ISO 16852. The test apparatus 200 used is as follows: Figure 10As shown, the test device 200 includes an air inlet 71, an air inlet blind end 72, an ignition unit 73, a non-protected side (combustion side) pipe 74, a flame pressure sensor 76, a flame sensor 78, a protected side pipe 79, an air outlet blind end 80, and an air outlet 81. Location 77 refers to the installation position of the DN100 steady-state detonation flame arrester to be tested. The flame velocity sensor 75 is used to measure the flame propagation velocities v1, v2, and v3 at the front end of the flame arrester. The flame pressure sensor 76 is used to measure the peak value Pm and average value P of the detonation pressure at the front end of the flame arrester. The flame sensor 78 is used to measure whether flame is passing through the rear end of the flame arrester.

[0077] The flame-retardant unit 2 is equipped with an ion ignition system on its explosion-facing surface.

[0078] The active detonation flame arrester 100 underwent flame arresting performance testing on a 20m long DN100 pipeline using testing device 200. The ignition source was located 20m away from the active detonation flame arrester 100. The pipeline was filled with a mixture of propane and air (propane volume fraction of 4.2%).

[0079] The front-end flame detection unit 3 uses an ion probe. It is placed 5m away from the ignition source. After the ignition source ignites the combustible gas in the pipeline, the flame propagates forward to the ion probe. Under the action of the flame, the ion probe conducts and generates a weak electrical signal (millivolt level electrical signal) which is transmitted to the circuit amplification unit 5.

[0080] The circuit amplification unit 5 includes a signal filter (to remove interference noise from weak electrical signals), a signal rectification module, and a signal amplification module, which converts millivolt-level electrical signals into kilovolt-level electrical signals.

[0081] A kilovolt-level electrical signal is conducted to the explosion-facing surface of flame-retardant unit 2 for ion ignition, igniting the combustible gas at the explosion-facing end of flame-retardant unit 2. No flame is observed passing through the back explosion-facing side of flame-retardant unit 2 at this time. The combustible gas burning at the explosion-facing end further propagates towards the ignition section, and a signal indicating flame propagation towards the ignition section is detected on the testing device 200.

[0082] The flame signal at the rear end of the active detonation flame arrester 100 indicates that the active detonation flame arrester 100 has successfully achieved flame arrest.

[0083] According to the testing requirements, the flame-retardant performance was tested on a 20m long DN100 pipeline using testing device 200. Specifically, five consecutive detonation tests and five deflagration tests were conducted, and flame arrest was achieved in all cases. This proves that the active detonation flame arrester 100 has good flame-retardant performance.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] Taking the DN100 unsteady-state detonation flame arrester with an explosion-proof rating of IIA as an example, the active detonation flame arrester 100 is an example.

[0086] The DN100 unsteady detonation flame arrester uses a deflagration type flame arrester flame arrester unit. In this embodiment, the flame arrester unit is specifically a 50mm thick corrugated plate flame arrestor plate.

[0087] For ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the test is also conducted using the detonation flame arrester test method recommended by ISO 16852, which is the same as the test method in Embodiment 1.

[0088] The front-end flame detection unit 3 uses an ion probe. It is placed 5m away from the ignition source.

[0089] Ignition unit 4 employs ion ignition. In this embodiment, three ion igniters are used: two are arranged on the pipe in the flame propagation direction, at distances of 1.0m (10D) and 1.5m (15D) from the ion probe, respectively, and one is arranged inside the explosion-facing cavity of the flame arrester. These are, in order, ion igniter 1, ion igniter 2, and ion igniter 3.

[0090] The active detonation flame arrester 100 underwent flame arresting performance testing on a 14m long DN100 pipeline using testing device 200. The ignition source was located 14m away from the flame arrester. The pipeline was filled with a mixture of propane and air (propane volume fraction of 4.2%).

[0091] After the ignition source ignites the combustible gas in the pipeline, the flame propagates forward to the ion probe. Under the action of the flame, the ion probe is turned on, generating a weak electrical signal (millivolt level electrical signal) which is transmitted to the circuit amplification unit.

[0092] The circuit amplification unit 5 includes a signal filter (to remove interference noise from weak electrical signals), a signal rectification module, and a signal amplification module, which converts millivolt-level electrical signals into kilovolt-level electrical signals.

[0093] A kilovolt-level electrical signal is transmitted to three ignition units for instantaneous ignition. When the flame propagates from the pipeline to ion igniter 1, it ignites the combustible gas, creating an oxygen-free space (oxygen deficiency or combustion-inhibiting carbon dioxide) at ion igniter 1, thus weakening the flame intensity but not completely extinguishing it. The flame propagates further downstream to ion igniter 2, where it similarly ignites the combustible gas. Simultaneously, the combustible gas cloud formed by ion igniter 1 consumes some of the combustible gas, creating a larger oxygen-free space (oxygen deficiency or combustion-inhibiting carbon dioxide), further weakening the flame intensity. At the same time, ion igniter 3 ignites a larger volume of combustible gas cloud within the flame arrester cavity, which propagates upstream, further consuming the combustible gas in the upstream pipeline, thus weakening the incoming flame intensity.

[0094] Tests showed that no flames were observed passing through the back blast side of flame-retardant unit 2. The combustible gas burning at the blast-facing end further propagated towards the ignition section, and a signal of flame propagation towards the ignition section was detected on the test device 200.

[0095] The flame signal at the rear end of the active detonation flame arrester 100 indicates that the active detonation flame arrester 100 has successfully achieved flame arrest.

[0096] According to the testing requirements, the flame-retardant performance was tested on a 20m long DN100 pipeline using testing device 200. Specifically, five consecutive detonation tests and five deflagration tests were conducted, and flame arrest was achieved in all cases. This proves that the active detonation flame arrester 100 has good flame-retardant performance.

[0097] Example 3:

[0098] The comparative analysis uses the active detonation flame arrester 100 from Example 1 and a conventional detonation flame arrester.

[0099] The corrugated plate flame arrestor is made of 10mm thick per piece. In Example 1, the flame-retardant unit 2 uses 5 corrugated plate flame arrestors, meaning the flame-retardant unit thickness is 50mm. Conventional detonation flame arrestors use 9 corrugated plate flame arrestors, meaning the flame-retardant unit thickness is 90mm.

[0100] Experiments were conducted according to the test methods recommended in ISO 16852. Five consecutive detonation tests and five consecutive deflagration tests were performed. The initial test pressure was 0.11 MPa, and the test medium was a mixture of propane and air with a propane volume fraction of 4.2%. The test results are shown in the table below.

[0101] Table 1. Comparison of Detonation Test Data of Example 1 and Comparative Flame Arresters

[0102] category V1(m / s) V2(m / s) V3(m / s) Pm(MPa) P(MPa) Fireproof Example 1 298 321 344 2.13 0.43 yes Comparative Example 1 1812 1797 1803 9.84 1.43 yes

[0103] Table 2 Comparison of Deflagration Test Data of Example 1 and Comparative Flame Arresters

[0104] category V1(m / s) Pm(MPa) Fireproof Example 1 45 0.12 yes Comparative Example 1 98 0.26 yes

[0105] As can be seen from the comparative data in Tables 1 and 2 above, the flame velocity and pressure in the embodiment are lower than those in the comparative example. In particular, no detonation occurred in the detonation test in the embodiment, indicating that the technology adopted in the embodiment actively converts the detonation into deflagration, thereby achieving the purpose of actively preventing detonation. At the same time, it can also reduce the deflagration velocity in the deflagration test, thus playing a role in strengthening the flame arrestor.

[0106] The active detonation flame arrester 100 of the present invention detects flame signals within the pipeline and converts these signals into voltage signals suitable for ignition. This enables ignition upstream of the flame arrester, thus preemptively consuming combustible gases within the pipeline before the original flame propagates to the arrester, thereby weakening the intensity of the original flame propagation. Consequently, the active detonation flame arrester 100 actively weakens the energy of flame propagation within the pipeline, reducing the impact damage from deflagration / detonation flames. It achieves dual prevention of detonation waves and combustion, effectively stopping flame propagation and significantly improving the flame-arresting effect of the active detonation flame arrester 100. Furthermore, while weakening flame energy, the active detonation flame arrester 100 further reduces the volume and thickness of the flame-arresting unit 2. The flame-arresting unit 2 prevents and extinguishes deflagration / detonation flames in the pipeline, further improving flow performance without compromising flame-arresting performance.

[0107] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0108] Furthermore, in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active detonation flame arrester, comprising: Flame arrester housing (1); Flame-retardant unit (2) disposed inside the flame arrester housing; as well as An active explosion suppression device, comprising a flame detection unit (3) and an ignition unit (4). The flame detection unit is installed on the pipe body (12) connected to the flame arrester housing, and is used to monitor in real time whether a flame is generated in the pipe body. The ignition unit is installed on the axial end face of the flame arrester unit. The active explosion suppression device also includes a circuit amplification control unit (5) connected between the flame detection unit and the ignition unit. The flame detection unit can generate an electrical signal when it detects a flame at the front end and transmit it to the circuit amplification control unit. The electrical signal is amplified by the circuit amplification control unit and transmitted to the ignition unit to control the ignition unit to ignite. The active flame suppression device can monitor the front flame signal in real time and generate an impact flame at one end near the flame arrestor unit when the front flame is detected. The impact flame propagates forward and collides with the front flame to weaken the shock wave of the front flame and consume the combustible gas in the flame arrestor housing to suppress the propagation of the front flame and thus extinguish the front flame.

2. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the circuit amplification control unit is connected to the flame detection unit via a first signal line (51), and the other end is connected to the ignition unit via a second signal line (52).

3. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame detection unit includes a cathode detection section (31) and an anode detection section (32), which pass through the side wall of the pipe body and extend inward.

4. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 3, characterized in that, An insulating element is provided between the cathode detection unit and the anode detection unit.

5. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition unit includes an ignition module (41) disposed inside the flame arrester housing.

6. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition unit includes multiple ignition modules (41), which are located near the flame-retardant unit, and the circuit amplification control unit is capable of time-division control of the multiple ignition modules.

7. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The ignition module is equipped with a flame guiding element (411) to control the direction of flame development after ignition.

8. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The ignition module is equipped with a flame acceleration element (412) to enhance the speed and intensity of flame propagation after the ignition module is ignited.

9. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the flame arrester housing is set to be larger than the diameter of the pipe body, and the diameters at both ends of the flame arrester housing are set to decrease from the flame arrester housing to the pipe body.

10. The active detonation flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame arrester housing is provided with a flame-retardant unit support (6) on the outside to prevent the flame-retardant unit from being structurally damaged and displaced under the impact of a flame explosion.

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