A variable-stage, variable-capacity water tank

Abstract

This invention relates to a variable-order, variable-capacity water tank. The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a nonlinear, multi-purpose water tank with variable order and variable capacity. The technical solution adopted by this invention includes a water tank body, a sealing plate, a first insert plate, a second insert plate, and a third insert plate. The water tank body includes a bottom plate and a tank casing. The tank casing is divided into a first inlet chamber, a first outlet chamber, an overflow chamber, a second outlet chamber, a second inlet chamber, a first working chamber, a second working chamber, and a third working chamber by a water tank partition. Water passage holes are provided between the first inlet chamber and the first working chamber, and between the second inlet chamber and the third working chamber. The advantages of this invention are: the water tank structure is ingeniously designed, allowing for variable capacity and variable order, enabling the construction of mathematical models of various orders; the structure of the sealing plate and insert plates replaces the traditional manual valve structure, exhibiting more significant nonlinear characteristics, enabling the system to stabilize quickly, shortening experimental time, and increasing the controllable range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of teaching instrument technology, specifically to a water tank with variable steps and variable capacity. Background Technology

[0002] Process control teaching experimental devices simulate common physical quantities in modern industrial production processes, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and liquid level. These devices measure, control, and analyze the characteristics of process parameter changes to study process control laws, facilitating students and related personnel to intuitively and quickly grasp process control technologies. The comprehensive process control experimental device primarily uses water tanks to create a controlled system. Existing experimental water tanks are all single tanks, i.e., first-order systems. The tank structure is simple, and the function is basic. To conduct second- or third-order experiments, multiple independent water tanks must be connected in series or parallel. Too many water tanks result in excessively large process control equipment. Furthermore, most water tank outlet resistance adjustments use regulating valves without modeling analysis, leading to unsatisfactory control effects. Especially in cascade experiments, the upper tank is either empty or full, making it difficult to create a suitable controlled system. This hinders the simultaneous study of control algorithms for multiple mathematical models, and the control effect is unsatisfactory. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a nonlinear multipurpose water tank with variable step and variable volume.

[0004] The technical solution of the variable-stage and variable-capacity water tank of the present invention is characterized by comprising a water tank body, a sealing plate, a first insert plate, a second insert plate, and a third insert plate. The water tank body includes a water tank bottom plate and a water tank body. The water tank body is divided into a first inlet chamber, a first outlet chamber, an overflow chamber, a second outlet chamber, a second inlet chamber, a first working chamber, a second working chamber, and a third working chamber by a water tank partition. The bottom of the first inlet chamber is provided with a first inlet hole, the bottom of the first outlet chamber is provided with a first outlet hole, the bottom of the overflow chamber is provided with an overflow hole, the bottom of the second outlet chamber is provided with a second outlet hole, and the bottom of the second inlet chamber is provided with a second inlet hole. Water passage holes are provided at intervals between the first water inlet chamber and the first working chamber, and between the second water inlet chamber and the third working chamber. Square adjustment holes are provided between the first working chamber and the first water outlet chamber, between the first working chamber and the second working chamber, between the second working chamber and the third working chamber, and between the third working chamber and the second water outlet chamber. The water tank partition is provided with a plug at the square adjustment hole for inserting the sealing plate, the first insert plate, the second insert plate, or the third insert plate. The sealing plate, the first insert plate, the second insert plate, and the third insert plate all include a plate body. The plate body is provided with a plate body limiting edge. The plate bodies of the first insert plate, the second insert plate, and the third insert plate are respectively provided with insert plate through holes with openings decreasing in size. The insert block has a U-shaped structure, with an insert block through-hole in the middle that communicates with the square adjustment hole. The insert block is provided with an insert block slot for limiting the plate body limiting edge.

[0005] The water tank is divided into two rows, upper and lower. The upper row, from left to right, is provided with the first water inlet chamber, the first water outlet chamber, the overflow chamber, the second water outlet chamber, and the second water inlet chamber. The lower row, from left to right, is provided with the first working chamber, the second working chamber, and the third working chamber.

[0006] The first water inlet chamber has the same volume as the second water inlet chamber, the first water outlet chamber has the same volume as the second water outlet chamber, and the first working chamber, the second working chamber, and the third working chamber have the same volume.

[0007] It also includes a water inlet cover, wherein the first water inlet chamber is provided with a first water inlet pipe and the first water inlet pipe is provided with a first water inlet hole, and the second water inlet chamber is provided with a second water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe is provided with a second water inlet hole; The water inlet cover is provided with a water inlet cover cavity. The bottom of the water inlet cover is provided with a water inlet cover docking hole that communicates with the water inlet cover cavity and is used for the first water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe to pass through. The bottom of the water inlet cover and the side wall of the water inlet cover are provided with water inlet cover outlet holes at intervals around the arc.

[0008] The water passage is located at the lower part of the partition between the first water inlet chamber and the first working chamber, and at the lower part of the partition between the second water inlet chamber and the third working chamber.

[0009] It also includes a pressure sensor. The bottom of the first working chamber, the second working chamber and the third working chamber are all provided with sensor lead-out holes. The bottom plate of the water tank is provided with a sensor mounting hole that communicates with the sensor lead-out holes and is used for installing the pressure sensor.

[0010] The upper end of the plate is provided with a plate hand-pressing block, the upper end of the plate limiting edge is provided with a plate locking block, and the insertion block slot is provided with an insertion block slot corresponding to the plate locking block.

[0011] The bottom plate of the water tank, the body of the water tank, and the partition of the water tank are all made of plexiglass.

[0012] The advantages of the variable-stage and variable-capacity water tank of this invention are as follows: the water tank has an ingenious structural design, with variable capacity and variable stage, enabling the construction of mathematical models of various different stages; the structure of the sealing plate and the insert plate replaces the traditional manual valve structure, exhibiting more significant nonlinear characteristics, allowing the system to stabilize quickly, shortening experimental time, and increasing the controllable range; the water tank is made of transparent organic glass, which is more aesthetically pleasing and allows users to easily observe the water flow direction, enabling a more intuitive understanding of the working principle of the controlled system. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable-step, variable-capacity water tank of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water tank of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the main body of the water tank of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first insert plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insert block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water inlet cover of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the variable-stage and variable-capacity water tank of the present invention includes a water tank body 1, a sealing plate 3, a first insert plate 4, a second insert plate 5, and a third insert plate 6. The water tank body 1 includes a water tank bottom plate 7 and a water tank body 8. The water tank body 8 is divided into a first water inlet chamber 10, a first water outlet chamber 11, an overflow chamber 12, a second water outlet chamber 13, a second water inlet chamber 14, a first working chamber 15, a second working chamber 16, and a third working chamber 17 by a water tank partition 9. The first water inlet chamber 10 is provided with a first water inlet hole 20 at the bottom, the first water outlet chamber 11 is provided with a first water outlet hole 21 at the bottom, the overflow chamber 12 is provided with an overflow hole 22 at the bottom, the second water outlet chamber 13 is provided with a second water outlet hole 23 at the bottom, and the second water inlet chamber 14 is provided with a second water inlet hole 24 at the bottom. Water passage holes 30 are provided at intervals between the first water inlet chamber 10 and the first working chamber 15, and between the second water inlet chamber 14 and the third working chamber 17. Square adjustment holes 31 are provided between the first working chamber 15 and the first water outlet chamber 11, between the first working chamber 15 and the second working chamber 16, between the second working chamber 16 and the third working chamber 17, and between the third working chamber 17 and the second water outlet chamber 13. The water tank partition 9 is provided with a plug block 32 at the square adjustment hole 31 for inserting the sealing plate 3, the first insert plate 4, the second insert plate 5 or the third insert plate 6. The sealing plate 3, the first insert plate 4, the second insert plate 5, and the third insert plate 6 all include a plate body 34. The plate body 34 is provided with a plate body limiting edge 35. The plate body 34 of the first insert plate 4, the second insert plate 5, and the third insert plate 6 are respectively provided with insert plate through holes 36 with openings decreasing in size. The insert block 32 has a U-shaped structure, with an insert block through opening 38 in the middle that communicates with the square adjustment hole 31. The insert block 32 is provided with an insert block slot 39 for limiting the plate body limiting edge 35.

[0016] The water tank has an ingenious structural design with variable capacity and variable order, enabling the construction of mathematical models of various orders. The structure of the sealing plate and the insert plate replaces the traditional manual valve structure, exhibiting more significant nonlinear characteristics, which allows the system to stabilize quickly, shortens the experimental time, and increases the controllable range.

[0017] The water tank body 8 is divided into two rows, upper and lower. The upper row, from left to right, is provided with the first water inlet chamber 10, the first water outlet chamber 11, the overflow chamber 12, the second water outlet chamber 13 and the second water inlet chamber 14. The lower row, from left to right, is provided with the first working chamber 15, the second working chamber 16 and the third working chamber 17. The layout is reasonable, and the water tank is small in size and compact in structure while fulfilling its functions.

[0018] The first water inlet chamber 10 and the second water inlet chamber 14 have the same volume, the first water outlet chamber 11 and the second water outlet chamber 13 have the same volume, and the first working chamber 15, the second working chamber 16 and the third working chamber 17 have the same volume, making the structure more stable and controllable.

[0019] It also includes a water inlet cover 19. The first water inlet chamber 10 is provided with a first water inlet pipe 41, and the first water inlet pipe 41 is provided with a first water inlet hole 20. The second water inlet chamber 14 is provided with a second water inlet pipe 42, and the second water inlet pipe 42 is provided with a second water inlet hole 24. The water inlet cover 19 is provided with a water inlet cover cavity 44. The bottom of the water inlet cover 19 is provided with a water inlet cover docking hole 45 that communicates with the water inlet cover cavity 44 and is used for the first water inlet pipe 41 and the second water inlet pipe 42 to pass through. The bottom of the water inlet cover 19 and the side wall of the water inlet cover 19 are provided with water inlet cover outlet holes 46 at intervals around the arc, which can slow down the water flow speed of the water inlet hole and make the controlled system more controllable.

[0020] The water inlet 30 is located at the lower part of the partition between the first water inlet chamber 10 and the first working chamber 15, and at the lower part of the partition between the second water inlet chamber 14 and the third working chamber 17, so that the water inlet speed remains stable and reliable.

[0021] It also includes a pressure sensor 2. The bottom of the first working chamber 15, the second working chamber 16 and the third working chamber 17 are all provided with sensor lead-out holes 48. The bottom plate 7 of the water tank is provided with a sensor mounting hole 49 that communicates with the sensor lead-out holes 48 and is used for installing the pressure sensor 2.

[0022] The upper end of the plate 34 is provided with a plate hand-pressing block 50, the upper end of the plate limiting edge 35 is provided with a plate locking block 51, and the insertion slot 39 is provided with an insertion slot 52 corresponding to the plate locking block 51. This facilitates personnel operation and can effectively prevent the plate from falling off due to water impact after the sealing plate or insertion plate is inserted, thus affecting the experimental data of the system.

[0023] The water tank bottom plate 7, the water tank body 8, and the water tank partition 9 are all made of plexiglass, which is more aesthetically pleasing and makes it easier for users to observe the water flow direction, allowing them to more intuitively understand the working principle of the controlled system.

[0024] Working principle: By inserting sealing plates 3 into the partitions between the first working chamber 15 and the second working chamber 16, and between the second working chamber 16 and the water tank of the third working chamber 17, the volume of the entire working chamber can be changed. In conjunction with the partitions between the first working chamber 15 and the first water outlet chamber 11, and between the third working chamber 17 and the second water outlet chamber 13, first insert plates 4, second insert plates 5, or third insert plates 6 with different opening sizes (i.e. different resistances) can be inserted to build different controlled object systems. The through holes 36 of the insert plates adopt a structure with long strips of small slits in the middle, which can be used for nonlinear experiments. First-order system: Pressure sensor 2 is installed at the bottom of the first working chamber 15 through the first inlet chamber 10. Different first-order systems can be built by inserting plates with different resistances at the partition between the first working chamber 15 and the first outlet chamber 11 or by changing the volume of the working chamber. This system can be used to verify single closed-loop control system algorithms (such as single closed-loop setpoint control algorithm, single closed-loop position control algorithm and feedforward control algorithm, etc.). Second-order system: Water is introduced through the second inlet chamber 14. Pressure sensors 2 are installed at the bottom of the third working chamber 17 and the first working chamber 15. Insert plates (denoted as insert plate A) are inserted at the partition between the third working chamber 17 and the second working chamber 16 or at the partition between the second working chamber 16 and the first working chamber 15. Insert plates (denoted as insert plate B) are inserted at the partition between the first working chamber 15 and the first outlet chamber 11. The gap of the middle opening of insert plate B is less than the gap of the middle opening of insert plate A. Second-order systems with different mathematical models can be built. This system can be used to verify single and double closed-loop control system algorithms (such as second-order system double closed-loop cascade control algorithm, second-order system single closed-loop control algorithm and feedforward control algorithm, etc.).

[0025] A third-order system is constructed by introducing water through the second inlet chamber 14, installing pressure sensors 2 at the bottom of the first working chamber 15, the second working chamber 16, and the third working chamber 17, inserting plates (denoted as plate C) at the partition between the third working chamber 17 and the second working chamber 16, inserting plates (denoted as plate D) at the partition between the second working chamber 16 and the first working chamber 15, and inserting plates (denoted as plate E) at the partition between the first working chamber 15 and the first outlet chamber 11. The gap of the middle opening of plate E is less than the gap of the middle opening of plate D, which is less than the gap of the middle opening of plate C. This allows for the construction of third-order systems with different mathematical models. This system can be used to verify single-loop, double-loop, or triple-loop control system algorithms (such as the triple-loop cascade control algorithm for third-order systems, the single-loop control algorithm for third-order systems, and the feedforward control algorithm).

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-stage, variable-capacity water tank, characterized in that: The system includes a water tank body (1), a pressure sensor (2), a sealing plate (3), a first insert plate (4), a second insert plate (5), a third insert plate (6), and a water inlet cover (19). The water tank body (1) includes a water tank bottom plate (7) and a water tank body (8). The water tank body (8) is divided into a first water inlet chamber (10), a first water outlet chamber (11), an overflow chamber (12), a second water outlet chamber (13), a second water inlet chamber (14), a first working chamber (15), a second working chamber (16), and a third working chamber (17) by a water tank partition (9). The water tank body (8) is divided into two rows, upper and lower. The upper row is provided with the first water inlet chamber (10), the first water outlet chamber (11), the overflow chamber (12), the second water outlet chamber (13) and the second water inlet chamber (14) from left to right. The lower row is provided with the first working chamber (15), the second working chamber (16) and the third working chamber (17) from left to right. The first water inlet chamber (10) has the same volume as the second water inlet chamber (14), the first water outlet chamber (11) has the same volume as the second water outlet chamber (13), and the first working chamber (15), the second working chamber (16), and the third working chamber (17) have the same volume. The first water inlet chamber (10) is provided with a first water inlet pipe (41), and the first water inlet pipe (41) is provided with a first water inlet hole (20). The second water inlet chamber (14) is provided with a second water inlet pipe (42), and the second water inlet pipe (42) is provided with a second water inlet hole (24). The bottom of the first water outlet chamber (11) is provided with a first water outlet hole (21). The bottom of the overflow chamber (12) is provided with an overflow hole (22). The bottom of the second water outlet chamber (13) is provided with a second water outlet hole (23). The water inlet cover (19) is provided with a water inlet cover cavity (44). The bottom of the water inlet cover (19) is provided with a water inlet cover docking hole (45) that communicates with the water inlet cover cavity (44) and is used for the first water inlet pipe (41) and the second water inlet pipe (42) to pass through. The bottom of the water inlet cover (19) and the side wall of the water inlet cover (19) are provided with water inlet cover outlet holes (46) at intervals around the arc. Water passage holes (30) are provided at intervals between the first water inlet chamber (10) and the first working chamber (15), and between the second water inlet chamber (14) and the third working chamber (17). The water passage holes (30) are located at the lower part of the partition plate between the first water inlet chamber (10) and the first working chamber (15) and at the lower part of the partition plate between the second water inlet chamber (14) and the third working chamber (17). A square adjustment hole (31) is provided between the first working chamber (15) and the first water outlet chamber (11), between the first working chamber (15) and the second working chamber (16), between the second working chamber (16) and the third working chamber (17), and between the third working chamber (17) and the second water outlet chamber (13). The water tank partition (9) is provided with a plug (32) at the square adjustment hole (31) for the sealing plate (3), the first plug (4), the second plug (5) or the third plug (6) to be inserted. The plug (32) has a U-shaped structure, and the middle part is provided with a plug through (38) communicating with the square adjustment hole (31). The plug (32) is provided with a plug slot (39), and the plug slot (39) is provided with a plug latch (52). The sealing plate (3), the first insert plate (4), the second insert plate (5) and the third insert plate (6) all include a plate body (34). The plate body (34) is provided with a plate body limiting edge (35) for limiting and cooperating with the insert slot (39). The upper end of the plate body (34) is provided with a plate body hand pressing block (50). The upper end of the plate body limiting edge (35) is provided with a plate body locking block (51) corresponding to the insert slot (52). The first insert plate (4), the second insert plate (5) and the third insert plate (6) are respectively provided with insert plate through holes (36) on the plate body (34). The insert plate through holes (36) are long strip small slit structures set in the middle of the plate body (34). The opening gap of the insert plate through hole (36) of the first insert plate (4) is larger than the opening gap of the insert plate through hole (36) of the second insert plate (5). The opening gap of the insert plate through hole (36) of the second insert plate (5) is larger than the opening gap of the insert plate through hole (36) of the third insert plate (6). The sealing plate (3) can be inserted into the insert (32) between the first working chamber (15) and the second working chamber (16), or into the insert (32) between the second working chamber (16) and the third working chamber (17); The first insert plate (4), the second insert plate (5), or the third insert plate (6) can be inserted into the insert block (32) between the first working chamber (15) and the first water outlet chamber (11), or into the insert block (32) between the third working chamber (17) and the second water outlet chamber (13), or into the insert block (32) between the first working chamber (15) and the second working chamber (16), or into the insert block (32) between the second working chamber (16) and the third working chamber (17); The bottom of the first working chamber (15), the second working chamber (16) and the third working chamber (17) are provided with sensor lead-out holes (48), and the bottom plate (7) of the water tank is provided with sensor mounting holes (49) that communicate with the sensor lead-out holes (48) and are used for mounting the pressure sensor (2). The bottom plate (7), the tank body (8), and the partition plate (9) of the water tank are all made of plexiglass.

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