A hydroponic forcing cultivation method of a tulipa gesneriana

Abstract

The application discloses a water culture and growth promotion cultivation method of Dutch iris, and comprises the following water culture and planting management steps: (a) rooting period management: placing the root-inducing Dutch iris bulbs in a rooting period water culture nutrient solution for water culture; (b) seedling period management: after water culture for 3 weeks, the rooting period water culture nutrient solution is replaced by a seedling period water culture nutrient solution for water culture; and (c) bud appearance period and flowering period management: after Dutch iris leaves grow to 6-7 leaves, the seedling period water culture nutrient solution is replaced by a bud appearance period water culture nutrient solution for water culture. The water culture and growth promotion cultivation method of Dutch iris can provide water culture nutrient solutions with different components and different concentrations in different stages according to the different nutrient requirements of Dutch iris in different growth stages, improve the absorption efficiency of roots, promote the growth and development of Dutch iris, shorten the growth cycle of Dutch iris, improve the flowering rate and the ornamental quality of plants, effectively reduce the water culture production cost, and improve the economic benefits of flower farmers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of crop cultivation, more particularly, to a water culture forcing cultivation method of Iris hollandica. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water culture technology, also known as water culture nutrient solution cultivation technology, is a common soilless cultivation method, which refers to a modern cultivation technology that uses water as a medium, supplies water culture nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner, and performs scientific cultivation management, so that plants can grow and develop normally in water. Compared with traditional soil cultivation technology, water culture has the advantages of cleanliness, land saving, low cost, high plant growth efficiency, good quality, reduced use of arable land, and overcoming of soil continuous cropping obstacles. A large number of water culture practices show that the root system is an important organ for plants to absorb water and nutrients, and its growth and development status will directly affect the vitality of the whole plant. For bulbous flower plants, if the external environmental factors of each growth link are not well controlled, it will directly affect the forcing cultivation effect, which is specifically manifested in phenomena such as small plants, delayed flowering, and low flowering rate.

[0003] Iris hollandica is a bulbous flower of the Iris family, and it is an important commodity flower in developed countries such as Europe and the United States due to its unique flower shape and rare flower color. China began to introduce Iris hollandica in the 1990s, and currently Iris hollandica has become a new type of fashionable cut flower material and garden cultivation plant in China, which is deeply loved by people. With the increasing demand for Iris hollandica cut flowers, especially in winter and spring, research on the forcing cultivation technology of Iris hollandica is also deepening. At present, the production of Iris hollandica cut flowers mainly relies on soil cultivation, and there is no report on the production of cut Iris hollandica or potted Iris hollandica using water culture forcing cultivation technology. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a water culture forcing cultivation method of Iris hollandica, realize water culture production of Iris hollandica, promote the growth and development of Iris hollandica, shorten the growth cycle of Iris hollandica, improve the flowering rate and plant ornamental quality, and promote the industrialization process of Iris hollandica.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A water culture forcing cultivation method of Iris hollandica, comprising a water culture planting management step:

[0007] (a) Rooting period management

[0008] Place the root-inducing Iris hollandica bulbs in the water culture nutrient solution during the rooting period, control the greenhouse day temperature at 10-13℃, the night temperature at 8-10℃, the light intensity at 4000-6000LX, and replace 1 / 2 of the water culture nutrient solution every 7 days during the water culture period;

[0009] (b) seedling stage management

[0010] After 3 weeks of hydroponics, the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with a seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics. During the hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the night temperature is controlled at 13-15℃, the light intensity is 10000-20000LX, the daily light is not less than 8 hours, the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%, and the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced by 1 / 2 every 7 days;

[0011] (c) management during the budding and flowering stages

[0012] When the leaves of the Dutch iris grow to 6-7 leaves, the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with a budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics. During the hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 18-20℃, the night temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the light intensity is 20000-30000LX, the daily light is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days.

[0013] The preparation of the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution, the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution, and the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution also includes: preparing an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium sulfate as mother liquor A; preparing an aqueous solution of taurine as mother liquor B; preparing an aqueous solution of rare earth cerium compound cerium chloride or cerium nitrate as mother liquor C; preparing an aqueous solution of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and manganese sulfate as mother liquor D; preparing the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution from mother liquor A, mother liquor B, and mother liquor C; preparing the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution from mother liquor A, mother liquor C, and mother liquor D; and preparing the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution from mother liquor A, mother liquor C, and mother liquor D.

[0014] The concentrations of the components in mother liquor A are: calcium nitrate 6.0-7.0g / L, potassium nitrate 1.8-2.6g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.4-3.0g / L, and magnesium sulfate 2.0-2.4g / L; the concentration of taurine in mother liquor B is 500mg / L; the concentration of Ce 3+ in mother liquor C is 500mg / L; the concentration of Cu 2+ in mother liquor D is 20mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ is 80mg / L, and the concentration of Mn 2+ is 40mg / L.

[0015] The concentration of Ce 3+ in the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution is 1-10mg / L, and the concentration of taurine is 2mg / L.

[0016] The concentration of Ce 3+ in the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution is 3-20mg / L, the concentration of Cu 2+ is 1mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ is 4mg / L, and the concentration of Mn 2+The concentration is 2 mg / L, and the soluble salt concentration of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.35-0.45.

[0017] The Ce in the hydroponic nutrient solution in the budding stage is 3+ The concentration is 3-20 mg / L, and the Cu 2+ The concentration is 0.5 mg / L, and the Fe 2+ The concentration is 2 mg / L, and the Mn 2+ The concentration is 1 mg / L, and the soluble salt concentration of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.55-0.65.

[0018] The preparation method of the hydroponic nutrient solution in the rooting stage is that mother liquor A is diluted by 60 times, mixed with mother liquor B and mother liquor C, and the pH is adjusted to 6.3-6.8 to prepare the hydroponic nutrient solution in the rooting stage.

[0019] The preparation method of the hydroponic nutrient solution in the seedling stage is that mother liquor A is diluted by 40 times, mixed with mother liquor C and mother liquor D, and the pH is adjusted to 6.3-6.8 to prepare the hydroponic nutrient solution in the seedling stage.

[0020] The preparation method of the hydroponic nutrient solution in the budding stage is that mother liquor A is diluted by 20 times, mixed with mother liquor C and mother liquor D, and the pH is adjusted to 6.3-6.8 to prepare the hydroponic nutrient solution in the budding stage.

[0021] The rooting method of the Dutch iris bulb is that the Dutch iris commodity bulb with a diameter of more than 9 cm and broken dormancy is selected, disinfected, and the mixed substrate with a mass ratio of 2:1 of the nursery vermiculite and perlite is used as the rooting substrate, and the rooting treatment is carried out in a dark environment at 10-12 DEG C, and when the bulb root length reaches 1-2 cm, the bulb is taken out from the mixed substrate, and the mixed substrate on the root system surface is washed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0023] 1. The mixed substrate with a mass ratio of 2:1 of vermiculite and perlite is used as the rooting substrate, which can quickly promote the rooting of the Dutch iris bulb, and the Dutch iris bulb can be rooted and grown to 1-2 cm within 3-5 days, and the root system is more (under the conventional hydroponic method, it takes 7-10 days to reach the same length under the same conditions and the root system is less).

[0024] 2. The self-made hydroponic nutrient solution formula is used for hydroponic culture, which can significantly promote the growth and development of the bulb root system, improve the flowering rate and plant ornamental quality, shorten the growth cycle of the Dutch iris, and only needs 70-90 days from the bulb rooting to flowering, so that the flower supply for important festivals such as New Year's Day and Spring Festival can be realized.

[0025] 3. According to the different nutrient requirements of the Dutch iris at different growth stages, the water culture nutrient solution with different ingredients and concentrations is provided in stages, which improves the absorption efficiency of the root system, promotes the rapid growth and flowering of the plant, and effectively reduces the water culture production cost and improves the economic benefits of the flower farmers.

[0026] 4. The water culture forcing cultivation method of the Dutch iris provided by the present application is simple to operate, economical and environmentally friendly, and is particularly suitable for producing water culture cut flowers and potted Dutch irises, which is beneficial to promote the industrialization process of the Dutch iris and provides technical support for enriching modern agricultural landscapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Figure for the new root germination of the seed ball after the root treatment of the comparative example 1 and the example 1;

[0028] Figure 2 Figure for the leaf and root growth of the Dutch iris at the seedling stage of the treatment groups of the comparative example 2, the example 1 and the example 2;

[0029] Figure 3 Figure for the growth of the Dutch iris at the budding stage of the treatment groups of the comparative example 1, the comparative example 2, the example 1 and the example 2;

[0030] Figure 4 Figure for the root growth of the Dutch iris at the budding stage of the treatment group of the example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] The overall scheme of one of the water culture forcing cultivation methods of the Dutch iris is as follows:

[0033] (1) Root treatment of the seed ball

[0034] Put the seed ball in the 5-8℃ refrigeration box for low temperature treatment for 5-8 weeks to break the seed ball dormancy, select the suitable suitable for forcing cultivation of the Holland Iris seed ball (select the seed ball with full and complete appearance, no disease and insect pests, and no damage) with a diameter of more than 9 cm, disinfect the seed ball with 75% carbendazol 800 times dilution, take unused nursery vermiculite and perlite mixed substrate (nursery vermiculite and perlite mass ratio 2:1) as the root inducing substrate, and perform root inducing treatment in a 10-12℃ dark environment for 3-5 days, pay attention to keep good ventilation during root inducing, and take out the seed ball when the root length is 1-2 cm, and wash the mixed substrate on the root system surface with running water, and pay attention to avoid damaging the root system during washing.

[0035] (2) Preparation of water culture nutrient solution mother liquor

[0036] Prepare mother liquor A with water as the solvent, calcium nitrate concentration of 6.0-7.0 g / L, potassium nitrate concentration of 1.8-2.6 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration of 2.4-3.0 g / L, and magnesium sulfate concentration of 2.0-2.4 g / L; prepare a taurine aqueous solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L as mother liquor B; prepare a cerium nitrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L as mother liquor C; prepare a mixed aqueous solution of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and manganese sulfate with a concentration of 20 mg / L of copper sulfate, 80 mg / L of ferrous sulfate, and 40 mg / L of manganese sulfate as mother liquor D. 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+

[0037] (3) Water culture planting management

[0038] (a) Rooting period management:

[0039] Take an appropriate amount of mother liquor B and mother liquor C, and mix them with an appropriate amount of mother liquor A diluted by 60 times to prepare a rooting period water culture nutrient solution, control the Ce 3+ concentration of 1-10 mg / L and the taurine concentration of 2 mg / L, and the pH is 6.3-6.8. Put the Holland Iris seed ball with a root length of 1-2 cm into a special water culture pot or planting frame containing the rooting period water culture nutrient solution for water culture, replace 1 / 2 of the rooting period water culture nutrient solution every 7 days, and the water culture nutrient solution is suitable for just submerging the root disc position; control the greenhouse daily temperature to be 10-13℃, the night temperature to be 8-10℃, and the light intensity to be 4000-6000 LX during water culture.

[0040] (b) Seedling period management:

[0041] ​​​​After 3 weeks of hydroponics, the roots complete the rapid growth period, and the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics, and 1 / 2 of the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days. During the hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the night temperature is controlled at 13-15℃, the light intensity is increased to 10000-20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, a proper amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with a proper amount of mother liquor A diluted by 40 times to prepare the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ is 3-20mg / L, the concentration of Cu 2+ is 1mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ is 4mg / L, and the concentration of Mn 2+ is 2mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is between 0.35-0.45. The pH is 6.3-6.8.

[0042] (c) Bud stage and flowering stage management

[0043] When the leaves of the Iris hollandica grow to 6-7 leaves, the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with the bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics, and the whole bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days; during the hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 18-20℃, the night temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the light intensity is increased to more than 20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, a proper amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with a proper amount of mother liquor A diluted by 20 times to prepare the bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ is 3-20mg / L, the concentration of Cu 2+ is 0.5mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ is 2mg / L, the concentration of Mn 2+ is 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is between 0.55-0.65. The pH is 6.3-6.8.

[0044] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0045] Example 1

[0046] (1) Rooting treatment of seed ball

[0047] To break dormancy, place the bulbs in a 5-8℃ refrigerator for 5-8 weeks. Select suitable Dutch iris bulbs with a circumference of 9 cm or more. After routine disinfection with an 800-fold dilution of 75% carbendazim, use a mixture of vermiculite and perlite as the rooting substrate. Perform rooting treatment in a dark environment at 10-12℃ for 3-5 days, ensuring good ventilation during the rooting process. When the roots reach 1-2 cm in length, remove them from the mixed substrate and carefully wash the surface of the roots with running water, taking care to avoid damaging the roots during washing.

[0048] (2) Preparation of hydroponic nutrient solution stock solution

[0049] Using water as a solvent, prepare stock solution A with a concentration of 6.0 g / L calcium nitrate, 2.4 g / L potassium nitrate, 3 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 2.4 g / L magnesium sulfate; prepare a 500 mg / L taurine aqueous solution as stock solution B; prepare Ce... 3+ A 500 mg / L aqueous solution of cerium nitrate was used as mother liquor C; Cu was prepared. 2+ Concentration of 20 mg / L, Fe 2+ Concentration of 80 mg / L, Mn 2+ A mixed aqueous solution of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and manganese sulfate with a concentration of 40 mg / L was used as mother liquor D.

[0050] (3) Hydroponic cultivation management

[0051] (a) Management during the rooting period:

[0052] Take appropriate amounts of stock solution B and stock solution C, and mix them with an appropriate amount of stock solution A diluted 60 times to prepare a hydroponic nutrient solution for the rooting period. Control the Ce content in the hydroponic nutrient solution. 3+ The concentration is 3 mg / L, and the taurine concentration is 2 mg / L. Take Dutch iris bulbs with roots 1-2 cm long and put them into a special hydroponic pot or planting frame containing hydroponic nutrient solution for the rooting period. Replace half of the hydroponic nutrient solution every 7 days. The hydroponic nutrient solution should just submerge the root plate. During the hydroponic period, control the greenhouse daytime temperature at 10-13℃, the nighttime temperature at 8-10℃, and the light intensity at 4000-6000 LX.

[0053] (b) Seedling management:

[0054] After 3 weeks of hydroponics, the root system completes the rapid growth period, and the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics, and 1 / 2 of the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days. During the hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the night temperature is controlled at 13-15℃, the light intensity is increased to 10000-20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, a proper amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with a proper amount of mother liquor A diluted by 40 times to prepare the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ 5mg / L, Cu 2+ 1mg / L, Fe 2+ 4mg / L, Mn 2+ 2mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.4.

[0055] (c) Bud stage and flowering stage management

[0056] When the leaves of the Dutch Iris grow to 6-7 leaves, the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with the bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics, and the whole bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days; during the whole hydroponics, the greenhouse day temperature is controlled at 18-20℃, the night temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the light intensity is increased to more than 20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, a proper amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with a proper amount of mother liquor A diluted by 20 times to prepare the bud stage hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ 5mg / L, Cu 2+ 0.5mg / L, Fe 2+ 2mg / L, Mn 2+ 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] (1) Rooting treatment of seed ball

[0059] The seed ball is placed in a 5-8℃ refrigeration box for low-temperature treatment for 5-8 weeks to break the dormancy of the seed ball, and the Dutch Iris seed ball with a diameter of more than 9 centimeters suitable for forcing cultivation is selected. After the seed ball is conventionally disinfected with 75% carbendazim at 800 times dilution, the unused seedling perlite and perlite mixed substrate is used as the rooting substrate, and the rooting treatment is carried out in a 10-12℃ dark environment for 3-5 days. It is noted that the environment should be well ventilated during the rooting. When the roots grow to 1-2cm long, the mixed substrate on the surface of the root system is carefully washed off with running water, and attention should be paid to avoid damaging the root system during washing.

[0060] (2) Preparation of water culture hydroponic nutrient solution mother liquor

[0061] A mother liquor A with a calcium nitrate concentration of 6.0 g / L, a potassium nitrate concentration of 2.4 g / L, a potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration of 3 g / L, and a magnesium sulfate concentration of 2.4 g / L was prepared with water as the solvent; a taurine aqueous solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L was prepared as a mother liquor B; a cerium nitrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L was prepared as a mother liquor C; a copper sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L, a ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 80 mg / L, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 40 mg / L were mixed to prepare a mixed aqueous solution as a mother liquor D. 3+ A cerium nitrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 500 mg / L was prepared as a mother liquor C; a copper sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L, a ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 80 mg / L, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 40 mg / L were mixed to prepare a mixed aqueous solution as a mother liquor D. 2+ A copper sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L, a ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 80 mg / L, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 40 mg / L were mixed to prepare a mixed aqueous solution as a mother liquor D. 2+ A copper sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L, a ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 80 mg / L, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 40 mg / L were mixed to prepare a mixed aqueous solution as a mother liquor D. 2+ A copper sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L, a ferrous sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 80 mg / L, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a concentration of 40 mg / L were mixed to prepare a mixed aqueous solution as a mother liquor D.

[0062] (3) Water culture planting management

[0063] (a) Rooting period management:

[0064] A suitable amount of the mother liquor B and the mother liquor C were mixed with a suitable amount of the mother liquor A diluted by 60 times to prepare a rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ was controlled to be 10 mg / L, and the concentration of taurine was controlled to be 2 mg / L; the Dutch iris seed balls with a root length of 1-2 cm were placed in a special water culture pot or planting frame containing the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution for water culture, 1 / 2 of the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution was replaced every 7 days, and the water culture nutrient solution was appropriately immersed in the root disc position; the greenhouse daily temperature was controlled to be 10-13℃, the night temperature was controlled to be 8-10℃, and the light intensity was controlled to be 4000-6000 LX during the water culture.

[0065] (b) Seedling period management:

[0066] After 3 weeks of water culture, the root system completed the rapid growth period, the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution was replaced with a seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution for water culture, and 1 / 2 of the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution was replaced every 7 days; the greenhouse daily temperature was controlled to be 15-18℃, the night temperature was controlled to be 13-15℃, the light intensity was increased to 10000-20000 LX, the light time was not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity was maintained at 70-75%; the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution was composed of the mother liquor A, the mother liquor C, and the mother liquor D, specifically, a suitable amount of the mother liquor C and the mother liquor D were mixed with a suitable amount of the mother liquor A diluted by 40 times to prepare the seedling period hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ce 3+ was controlled to be 20 mg / L, the concentration of Cu 2+ was controlled to be 1 mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ was controlled to be 4 mg / L, and the concentration of Mn 2+ was controlled to be 2 mg / L, and the EC value of the water culture nutrient solution was 0.4.

[0067] (c) Bud appearance period and flowering period management

[0068] When the leaves of the Iris hollandica reach 6-7 pieces, the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponic culture, and the whole budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days; during the hydroponic culture, the greenhouse daily temperature is controlled at 18-20℃, the night temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the light intensity is increased to more than 20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, a proper amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with a proper amount of mother liquor A diluted by 20 times to prepare the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of Ca(NO3)2 in the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KNO3 is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is controlled at 0.5mg / L, the concentration of FeSO4 is controlled at 2mg / L, the concentration of MnSO4 is controlled at 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6. 3+ 20mg / L, the concentration of KNO3 is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is controlled at 0.5mg / L, the concentration of FeSO4 is controlled at 2mg / L, the concentration of MnSO4 is controlled at 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6. 2+ 20mg / L, the concentration of KNO3 is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is controlled at 0.5mg / L, the concentration of FeSO4 is controlled at 2mg / L, the concentration of MnSO4 is controlled at 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6. 2+ 20mg / L, the concentration of KNO3 is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is controlled at 0.5mg / L, the concentration of FeSO4 is controlled at 2mg / L, the concentration of MnSO4 is controlled at 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6. 2+ 20mg / L, the concentration of KNO3 is controlled at 20mg / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is controlled at 0.5mg / L, the concentration of FeSO4 is controlled at 2mg / L, the concentration of MnSO4 is controlled at 1mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.6.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] The hydroponic culture of Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 1, except that the seed ball root inducing treatment is carried out by replacing the mixed rooting substrate of vermiculite and perlite with water (aerated tap water).

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] The hydroponic culture of Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 1, except that the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution, the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution and the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution have different formulations. In this comparative example, a proper amount of mother liquor A is diluted by 60 times and then water is added to prepare the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution (which contains the same concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate as the rooting stage hydroponic nutrient solution of Example 1); a proper amount of mother liquor A is diluted by 40 times and then water is added to prepare the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution (which contains the same concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate as the seedling stage hydroponic nutrient solution of Example 1); and a proper amount of mother liquor A is diluted by 20 times and then water is added to prepare the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution (which contains the same concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate as the budding stage hydroponic nutrient solution of Example 1).

[0073] Experimental results of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2:

[0074] (1) The specific root inducing effects of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 (Fig. 4 shows the new root germination of the seed ball of Comparative Example 1, and Fig. 5 shows the new root germination of the seed ball of Example 1). As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 It can be seen from Table 1 and

[0075] Table 1 Effect of different root inducing substrates on the new root germination of Iris hollandica seed ball

[0076] Root stimulating treatment Time required for germination of new roots Average number of long roots Comparative Example 1 6d 7 pieces Example 1 4d 16 pieces

[0077] (2)Water treatment group (Comparative Example 1) only 20% of the Iris hollandica showed bud, 95% of the flower stalks showed blind flower phenomenon. Comparative Example 2 treatment group only 68% of the Iris hollandica showed bud, 15% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower stalks was 38.2 cm. Example 1 treatment group 100% of the Iris hollandica showed bud, 5% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower stalks was 44.1 cm. Example 2 treatment group 100% of the Iris hollandica showed bud, 15% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower stalks was 38.5 cm. The specific seedling stage and budding stage are shown in Table 1. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 Figure 1 is a diagram showing the growth of the leaves and roots of the Iris hollandica in the seedling stage in the Comparative Example 2, Example 1 and Example 2 treatment groups from left to right, Figure 3 Figure 2 is a diagram showing the growth of the Iris hollandica in the budding stage in the Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Example 1 and Example 2 treatment groups from left to right, Figure 4 Figure 3 is a diagram showing the growth of the roots of the Iris hollandica in the budding stage in the Example 1 treatment group.

[0078] Another embodiment of the water culture forcing cultivation method of the Iris hollandica is as follows:

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The water culture of the Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 1, except that the seedling stage management is different, i.e. after 3 weeks of water culture, the roots complete the rapid growth period, the rooting stage water culture nutrient solution is replaced with the seedling stage water culture nutrient solution for water culture, 1 / 2 of the seedling stage water culture nutrient solution is replaced every 7 days, when the leaves of the Iris hollandica grow to 3-4 pieces, 1 / 2 of the seedling stage water culture nutrient solution is replaced with the nutrient solution I for water culture, and 1 / 2 of the nutrient solution is replaced with the nutrient solution I every 7 days; the greenhouse daily temperature is controlled at 15-18℃, the night temperature is controlled at 13-15℃, the light intensity is increased to 10000-20000LX, the light time is not less than 8 hours, and the air humidity is maintained at 70-75%. The seedling stage water culture nutrient solution is composed of mother liquor A, mother liquor C and mother liquor D, specifically, an appropriate amount of mother liquor C and mother liquor D are mixed with an appropriate amount of mother liquor A diluted by 40 times to prepare the seedling stage water culture nutrient solution, the concentration of Ce 3+ is 5 mg / L, the concentration of Cu 2+ is 1 mg / L, the concentration of Fe 2+ is 4 mg / L, and the concentration of Mn 2+The concentration is 2 mg / L, and the EC value of the hydroponic nutrient solution is between 0.35-0.45. The nutrient solution I is composed of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cerium nitrate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, vanillin acid, chitosan and water, and the concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, Ce 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ The concentrations are the same as those of the seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentrations of vanillin acid and chitosan are 1 mg / L and 20 mg / L respectively.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] The hydroponic culture of Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 3, except that the nutrient solution I is composed of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cerium nitrate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, vanillin acid and water, and the concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, Ce 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ The concentrations are the same as those of the seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of vanillin acid is 1 mg / L.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] The hydroponic culture of Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 3, except that the nutrient solution I is composed of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cerium nitrate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, chitosan and water, and the concentrations of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, Ce 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ The concentrations are the same as those of the seedling hydroponic nutrient solution, and the concentration of chitosan is 20 mg / L.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] The hydroponic culture of Iris hollandica is carried out according to the method of Example 3, except that after 3 weeks of hydroponic culture, the root system completes the rapid growth period, and the rooting period hydroponic nutrient solution is replaced with nutrient solution I for hydroponic culture, and every 7 days 1 / 2 of the nutrient solution is replaced with nutrient solution I.

[0087] The experimental results show that 100% of the Iris hollandica in the treatment group of Example 3 showed buds, 3% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower branches was 50.5 cm; 100% of the Iris hollandica in the treatment group of Example 4 showed buds, 4% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower branches was 46.7 cm; 100% of the Iris hollandica in the treatment group of Example 5 showed buds, 4% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower branches was 47.2 cm; 100% of the Iris hollandica in the treatment group of Example 6 showed buds, 2% of the Iris hollandica showed blind flower phenomenon, and the average length of the flower branches was 53.9 cm.

[0088] In addition, the Iris hollandica seedlings after the seedling stage management of Example 1, Example 3-6 were placed under stress at 40℃ for 3 days, and then the above bud stage and flowering stage management cultivation were carried out. The results show that the survival rates of the treatment groups of Example 1, Example 3-6 are 60.7%, 90.5%, 61.6%, 63.8%, 90.8% respectively, indicating that the vanillin and chitosan compound can significantly improve the heat tolerance of the Iris hollandica seedlings.

[0089] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above examples. Any technical solutions falling within the concept of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application shall also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for hydroponic forcing cultivation of Dutch iris, characterized in that, Including hydroponic planting management steps: (a) Rooting period management After rooting, Dutch iris bulbs were placed in hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponics. During hydroponics, the greenhouse daytime temperature was controlled at 10-13℃, the nighttime temperature at 8-10℃, and the light intensity at 4000-6000LX. Half of the hydroponic nutrient solution for rooting was replaced every 7 days. The method for promoting the rooting of Dutch iris bulbs is as follows: Select commercial Dutch iris bulbs with a circumference of more than 9 cm and whose dormancy has been broken, disinfect them, and use a mixed substrate of vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 2:1 as the rooting substrate. Perform rooting treatment in a dark environment at 10-12℃. When the bulb roots grow to 1-2 cm, remove the bulbs from the mixed substrate and wash off the mixed substrate from the surface of the roots. (b) Seedling management After 3 weeks of hydroponics, the hydroponic nutrient solution during the rooting period should be replaced with the hydroponic nutrient solution during the seedling period. During the hydroponic period, the greenhouse daytime temperature should be controlled at 15-18℃, the nighttime temperature at 13-15℃, the light intensity at 10000-20000LX and the light intensity at least 8 hours per day, and the air humidity should be maintained at 70-75%. Half of the seedling hydroponic nutrient solution should be replaced every 7 days. (c) Management during the budding and flowering stages Once the Dutch iris leaves have grown to 6-7, replace the hydroponic nutrient solution from the seedling stage with the hydroponic nutrient solution from the budding stage for hydroponics. During hydroponics, control the greenhouse daytime temperature at 18-20℃, the nighttime temperature at 15-18℃, the light intensity at 20,000-30,000 LX with at least 8 hours of light per day, and maintain the air humidity at 70-75%. Replace all the hydroponic nutrient solution from the budding stage every 7 days. The concentrations of each component in mother liquor A are: calcium nitrate 6.0-7.0 g / L, potassium nitrate 1.8-2.6 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.4-3.0 g / L, and magnesium sulfate 2.0-2.4 g / L; the concentration of taurine in mother liquor B is 500 mg / L; the concentration of Ce in mother liquor C is... 3+ The concentration is 500 mg / L; Cu in mother liquor D 2+ Concentration of 20 mg / L, Fe 2+ Concentration of 80 mg / L, Mn 2+ The concentration is 40 mg / L; Ce in the hydroponic nutrient solution during the rooting period 3+ The concentration is 1-10 mg / L, and the taurine concentration is 2 mg / L; Ce in the hydroponic nutrient solution during the seedling stage 3+ Concentration of 3-20 mg / L, Cu 2+ The concentration is 1 mg / L, Fe 2+ The concentration is 4 mg / L, Mn 2 + The concentration is 2 mg / L, and the soluble salt concentration of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.35-0.

45. Ce in the hydroponic nutrient solution during the budding stage 3+ Concentration of 3-20 mg / L, Cu 2+ The concentration is 0.5 mg / L, Fe 2+ The concentration is 2 mg / L, Mn 2+ The concentration is 1 mg / L, and the soluble salt concentration of the hydroponic nutrient solution is 0.55-0.

65.

2. The hydroponic forcing cultivation method for Dutch iris according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the hydroponic nutrient solution during the rooting period is as follows: dilute stock solution A 60 times and mix it with stock solution B and stock solution C, adjust the pH to 6.3-6.8, and obtain the hydroponic nutrient solution for the rooting period.

3. The hydroponic forcing cultivation method for Dutch iris according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the hydroponic nutrient solution for seedlings is as follows: dilute stock solution A 40 times, mix it with stock solution C and stock solution D, and adjust the pH to 6.3-6.8 to obtain the hydroponic nutrient solution for seedlings.

4. The hydroponic forcing cultivation method for Dutch iris according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the hydroponic nutrient solution for the budding stage is as follows: dilute stock solution A 20 times, mix it with stock solution C and stock solution D, and adjust the pH to 6.3-6.8 to obtain the hydroponic nutrient solution for the budding stage.

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