Wireless communication method and communication system for tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wireless communication method and system for use in tunnels. The method comprises obtaining a transmitted signal from a base station and received signals from multiple receiving terminals in the tunnel, determining the attenuation rates of the received signals at different receiving terminals based on the transmitted and received signals, obtaining the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initializing the parameters and layout of RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation rates of the transmitted signal. Furthermore, a channel model for the tunnel wireless communication network is established, the corresponding channel capacity is determined based on the channel model, and the parameters and layout of the RIS units are updated based on the calculated channel capacity. The method first determines the parameters and layout of the RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal, and then updates them based on the channel capacity. By optimizing the parameters and layout of the RIS units, the tunnel communication channel capacity is increased, the RIS unit capacity is maximized, and the signal transmission capability is thereby enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a wireless communication method and a communication system for tunnels. Background Art

[0002] The spatial and electromagnetic environments inside tunnels are unique. Due to the enclosed structure of tunnels, electromagnetic waves are refracted and reflected multiple times, causing signals to cancel or weaken, making it difficult for them to propagate far. To enhance signal transmission capabilities in tunnels, commonly used methods include relay technology and RIS technology. Relay technology primarily involves installing relay stations along the tunnel to transmit signals from base stations to various locations within the tunnel. This effectively extends signal coverage, reduces signal attenuation, and improves communication quality.

[0003] RIS technology integrates a large number of low-cost passive reflective elements onto a plane within a RIS unit, intelligently reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment and significantly improving the performance of wireless communication networks. However, current RIS unit deployment in tunnels is often based on manual, uniform placement based on empirical experience, ignoring other influencing factors within the tunnel. Consequently, the RIS units are not fully utilized, resulting in suboptimal signal enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a wireless communication method and a communication system for a tunnel.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wireless communication method for a tunnel, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the base station's transmitted signal and the received signals of multiple receiving ends in the tunnel, and determine the attenuation rate of the received signals at different receiving ends based on the transmitted and received signals:

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

[0010] Where i represents the test point, i=1,2,...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents visibility, and λ represents the signal light wavelength;

[0011] Obtain the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initialize the parameters and layout of the RIS unit based on the reflection, refraction and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal;

[0012] A channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network is established, the corresponding channel capacity is determined according to the channel model, and the parameters and layout of the RIS unit are updated according to the calculation results of the channel capacity.

[0013] Preferably, establishing a channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network and determining the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model includes:

[0014] Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna:

[0015]

[0016] Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna;

[0017] Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity:

[0018] h(xy)→H

[0019]

[0020] Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0021] Preferably, the method further comprises determining a fault variable of the signal transmission communication fault, and updating the channel capacity according to the fault variable;

[0022] Among them, the expression of the fault variable is:

[0023] K=H+(Y-Y0) / F

[0024] Where K represents the fault variable; H represents the fault probability center point parameter; F represents the communication path parameter of the communication failure; Y represents the network matching parameter; and Y0 represents the Bayesian network fault distribution probability.

[0025] Preferably, the propagation path in the channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network is from the base station to the RIS unit, and from the RIS unit to the receiving end.

[0026] Preferably, the parameters of the RIS unit include frequency parameters, phase parameters and polarization parameters.

[0027] Preferably, the RIS unit is a strip-shaped RIS reflective surface, and is arranged parallel to the leaky cable in the tunnel at the same height.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a wireless communication system for a tunnel, the system comprising:

[0029] The attenuation rate calculation unit is used to obtain the transmission signal of the base station and the received signals of multiple receiving ends in the tunnel, and determine the attenuation rates of the received signals of different receiving ends based on the transmission signal and the received signal:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Where i represents the test point, i=1,2,...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents visibility, and λ represents the signal light wavelength;

[0034] The RIS initialization unit is used to obtain the reflection characteristics and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initialize the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the reflection characteristics, refraction characteristics and attenuation rate of the transmitted signal;

[0035] The RIS update unit is used to establish a channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network, determine the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model, and update the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the calculation results of the channel capacity.

[0036] Preferably, the RIS updating unit is further configured to:

[0037] Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna:

[0038]

[0039] Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna;

[0040] Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity:

[0041] h(xy)→H

[0042]

[0043] Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0044] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions. When the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device executes the wireless communication method for tunneling as described in the first aspect above and any possible implementation method thereof.

[0045] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor executes the wireless communication method for tunneling as described in the first aspect above and any possible implementation method thereof.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The present invention discloses a wireless communication method and system for use in tunnels. The method comprises obtaining a transmitted signal from a base station and received signals from multiple receiving terminals in the tunnel, determining the attenuation rates of the received signals at different receiving terminals based on the transmitted and received signals, obtaining the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initializing the parameters and layout of RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation rates of the transmitted signal. Furthermore, a channel model for the tunnel wireless communication network is established, the corresponding channel capacity is determined based on the channel model, and the parameters and layout of the RIS units are updated based on the calculated channel capacity. The present invention first determines the parameters and layout of the RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal, and then updates them based on the channel capacity. By optimizing the parameters and layout of the RIS units, the tunnel communication channel capacity is increased and the capacity of the RIS units is maximized, significantly enhancing the signal transmission capability in the tunnel.

[0048] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention or the background technology will be described below.

[0050] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a wireless communication method for a tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flow of sub-steps of step S30;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system for a tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The terms "first," "second," and so on, in the description and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0057] The term "and / or" herein simply describes an association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of three situations: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" herein refers to any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of items. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" can represent any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0058] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed description to better illustrate the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of the present invention.

[0060] Currently, the deployment of RIS units in tunnels is typically based on manual experience, ensuring uniform placement. This approach ignores other influencing factors within the tunnel, preventing the RIS units from achieving their full potential and resulting in suboptimal signal enhancement in tunnels. To address this issue, the present invention provides a wireless communication method for tunnels that first determines the parameters and layout of the RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal, and then updates them based on channel capacity. By optimizing the parameters and layout of the RIS units, the tunnel's communication channel capacity is increased, the RIS units' capabilities are maximized, and signal transmission capabilities are enhanced.

[0061] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a wireless communication method for a tunnel. Figure 1 As shown, a wireless communication method for a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0062] S10. Obtain a transmission signal from the base station and received signals from multiple receiving terminals in the tunnel, and determine attenuation rates of received signals at different receiving terminals based on the transmission signal and the received signal:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Where i represents the test point, i = 1, 2, ...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents visibility, and λ represents the signal light wavelength.

[0067] Wireless communication in tunnels is crucial for scenarios such as tunnel construction and train operations. For example, during tunnel construction, base stations outside the tunnel need to transmit signals to communicate with handheld devices (such as walkie-talkies) used by construction workers inside. Alarms need to be triggered when danger is detected in the tunnel, and communication is required to monitor train status during operation. The signals transmitted by base stations primarily refer to data signals transmitted via radio waves. These signals can be voice, video, text, or other data types. Base stations transmit these signals using specific radio frequency bands, such as microwaves and millimeter waves, ensuring they can be received by mobile terminals within a certain range.

[0068] The receiving end refers to multiple test points set up in the tunnel. These test points are typically located at different lengths and heights in the tunnel, where the receiving antenna receives the signal. To ensure the accuracy of the test results, test points can be set up at different heights along the same length, or at different lengths along the same height, to test signal propagation.

[0069] Preferably, the receiving antenna in this embodiment uses a directional high-gain antenna. A directional high-gain antenna is a special type of antenna that has the ability to focus radio frequency energy in a specific direction. This type of antenna is commonly used in radio communications or radar applications, helping to filter out unnecessary background noise, thereby improving signal quality and transmission distance. Therefore, during signal propagation in a tunnel, the receiving antenna can receive the transmitted signal, enhancing the signal and expanding the reception range, thereby improving signal reception quality.

[0070] After the test points in the tunnel are set, in step S10 , the attenuation rates of the received signals at different receiving ends are determined based on the transmitted signals and the received signals.

[0071] It should be noted that a RIS unit, or reconfigurable smart surface, is an artificial electromagnetic material that can dynamically change the reflection characteristics of incident electromagnetic waves by adjusting the amplitude and phase of its units. RIS units are typically composed of a large number of tiny passive reflective elements that can independently adjust the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal, thereby achieving precise control over the electromagnetic wave propagation path and achieving signal enhancement.

[0072] Signal attenuation refers to the degree to which a signal weakens during transmission due to absorption, scattering, and other loss mechanisms. Within a RIS unit, signal attenuation influences the RIS unit's parameter settings, particularly the number and placement of reflectors. To compensate for signal attenuation, it may be necessary to add more reflectors or adjust the reflective properties of existing reflectors to enhance signal strength and quality.

[0073] To ensure the proper configuration of the RIS unit, step S10 first calculates the signal propagation attenuation rate. According to formula (1), the signal attenuation rate is related to the transmission distance. Generally, the longer the distance, the weaker the corresponding receiving end model. Secondly, the signal attenuation rate is also related to the attenuation coefficient. According to formula (2), the attenuation coefficient is determined by air visibility and the wavelength of the signal light. The parameter q is a constant, and its value is also related to air visibility. Generally, the higher the air visibility, the larger the value.

[0074] Therefore, using formulas (1-3), we can derive the signal attenuation rate at different receiving ends, which can help determine the parameters and layout of the RIS units. For example, to minimize signal attenuation, RIS units may be placed closer to the signal source, or a specific geometric layout may be used to optimize the signal path. Furthermore, the spacing and arrangement of RIS units may need to be adjusted based on signal attenuation to ensure that the signal maintains a certain strength until it reaches its destination.

[0075] In one embodiment, the propagation path in the channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network is from the base station to the RIS unit, and from the RIS unit to the receiving end. Since the RIS unit is provided, the transmitted signal will be strengthened by the RIS unit before reaching the receiving end.

[0076] S20 , obtaining the reflection characteristics and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initializing the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the reflection characteristics, refraction characteristics and attenuation rate of the transmitted signal.

[0077] Reflection and refraction characteristics determine how wireless signals interact with the RIS. Reflection affects the ability of signals to reflect from the RIS back to their original path, while refraction affects the change in the signal's propagation direction after entering the RIS. When deploying the RIS, these characteristics should be utilized to optimize the signal path, reduce signal attenuation, and improve signal coverage. For example, by adjusting the phase of each reflector element on the RIS, the propagation direction of the reflected signal can be controlled, ensuring better signal delivery to remote users. Therefore, when determining the initial RIS element parameters and layout, it is necessary to first determine the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal.

[0078] In one embodiment, the specific implementation of obtaining the reflection characteristics and refraction characteristics of the transmission signal includes:

[0079] Determine the reflection characteristics of the transmitted signal:

[0080] 1) Impedance matching: Ensure that the impedance of the transmitter and receiver are matched to minimize reflections.

[0081] 2) Measuring the reflection coefficient: Experimentally measure the reflection coefficient of the transmitted signal when it encounters different media. The reflection coefficient is the proportional relationship between the incident signal and the reflected signal, and can be measured using parametric testing equipment.

[0082] 3) Calculate reflected power: Calculate reflected power based on the reflection coefficient and incident power. Reflected power is a fraction of incident power and reflects the amount of energy reflected from the signal.

[0083] 4) Analyze the cause of reflection: Analyze the cause of reflection, which may be due to discontinuity of the transmission line, change of load impedance, or mismatch of characteristic impedance of other electrical components.

[0084] Determine the refractive properties of the transmitted signal:

[0085] 1) Measuring the refractive index: Experimentally measure the refractive index of different media. The refractive index is a measure that describes the ratio of the propagation speed of light or other electromagnetic waves in a vacuum to the speed in a medium.

[0086] 2) Calculate the angle of incidence and angle of refraction: measure the angle between the incident light and the surface of the medium, as well as the angle between the refracted light and the surface of the medium.

[0087] 3) Apply the Fresnel equation: Use the Fresnel equation to calculate reflectivity and refractive index. The Fresnel equation is a mathematical formula based on the wave nature of light and the electromagnetic properties of a medium. It can be used to calculate the reflectivity and refractive index of light at different angles of incidence.

[0088] 4) Analyze the cause of refraction: Analyze the cause of refraction, which may be due to differences in the electromagnetic properties of the medium.

[0089] After obtaining the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, the initial parameters and layout of the RIS units can be determined based on these characteristics, as well as the attenuation rate. Preferably, the RIS unit parameters include frequency, phase, and polarization parameters. In this embodiment, the RIS unit layout, including the location and number of reflective units, is planned based on the signal attenuation rate, reflection, and refraction characteristics. For example, the number of transmitting units in the RIS is proportionally increased at regular intervals based on the signal's distance from the transmitter. The RIS parameters, including the frequency, phase, and polarization parameters of each reflective unit, are set to achieve optimal reflection. After these settings are completed, computer simulation can be used to simulate the propagation of signals after reflection through the RIS, and the RIS layout and parameters can be optimized based on the simulation results.

[0090] In one embodiment, the RIS unit is a strip-shaped RIS reflector, installed parallel to the leaky cable in the tunnel at the same height. A strip-shaped RIS reflector is a smart reflective surface with a specific width across its reflective elements. This allows for simultaneous collective control of multiple reflective elements, thereby achieving precise control of the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal. By using strip-shaped RIS reflectors as RIS units, this embodiment improves communication quality and signal coverage while also offering the advantages of low cost and low power consumption.

[0091] S30: Establish a channel model for the tunnel wireless communication network, determine the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model, and update the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the calculation result of the channel capacity.

[0092] Channel capacity refers to the maximum information rate that can be transmitted without errors under given channel conditions. It represents the maximum data transmission rate a channel can carry, typically measured in bits per second (bits per second). Once the initial RIS unit parameters and layout are determined, the channel capacity of the signal propagation in the tunnel can be used to test the effectiveness of the RIS unit and, in turn, determine whether further optimization of the RIS unit parameters and layout is necessary for even greater signal enhancement.

[0093] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, step 30, establishing a channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network and determining the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model, specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0094] Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna:

[0095]

[0096] Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna;

[0097] Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity:

[0098] h(xy)→H

[0099]

[0100] Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0101] In one embodiment, since there may be faults during signal transmission, which further affect the channel capacity, to ensure the accuracy of the channel capacity calculation results, after obtaining the channel capacity, the fault variable of the signal transmission communication fault is determined, and the channel capacity is updated according to the fault variable.

[0102] Among them, the expression of the fault variable is:

[0103] K=H+(Y-Y0) / F

[0104] Where K represents the fault variable; H represents the central point parameter of the fault probability, which can be the mean or median of the fault probability; F represents the communication path parameter of the communication failure; Y represents the network matching parameter; Y0 represents the Bayesian network failure distribution probability, which corresponds to the internal expected value of the Bayesian network and reflects the failure maximization relationship of the communication network.

[0105] In this embodiment, the channel capacity can be updated by calculating the fault variable of signal propagation, that is, the influence of the fault variable is eliminated and the channel capacity is recalculated, so that the channel capacity result is more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of the optimization adjustment strategy for the parameters and layout of the RIS unit.

[0106] In summary, the wireless communication method for tunnels provided by the embodiments of the present invention first determines the parameters and layout of the RIS units based on the reflection, refraction, and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal. This allows for rapid and reasonable determination of the parameters and layout of the RIS units. Compared to manual setup methods, this embodiment is more reliable and can significantly enhance signal transmission quality and coverage. Secondly, this embodiment calculates the channel capacity in the tunnel and updates the parameters and layout of the RIS units based on the channel capacity, further optimizing the parameters and layout of the RIS units, increasing the tunnel's communication channel capacity and maximizing the functionality of the RIS units, thereby enhancing signal propagation capabilities. Finally, when calculating the channel capacity, the present invention further considers the impact of fault variables in signal transmission, resulting in more accurate channel capacity calculations and a more precise and rational strategy for optimizing the parameters and layout of the RIS units.

[0107] See also Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless communication system for a tunnel, specifically comprising the following subunits:

[0108] The attenuation rate calculation unit 100 is used to obtain the transmission signal of the base station and the received signals of multiple receiving ends in the tunnel, and determine the attenuation rates of the received signals of different receiving ends based on the transmission signal and the received signal:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Where i represents the test point, i=1,2,...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents visibility, and λ represents the signal light wavelength;

[0113] The RIS initialization unit 200 is used to obtain the reflection characteristics and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initialize the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the reflection characteristics, refraction characteristics and attenuation rate of the transmitted signal;

[0114] The RIS updating unit 300 is used to establish a channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network, determine the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model, and update the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the calculation result of the channel capacity.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment, the RIS updating unit 300 is further configured to:

[0116] Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna:

[0117]

[0118] Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna;

[0119] Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity:

[0120] h(xy)→H

[0121]

[0122] Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0123] In some embodiments, the functions or modules included in the system provided in this embodiment can be used to execute the method described in the above method embodiment. Its specific implementation can refer to the description of the above method embodiment. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0124] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a sending device, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions. When the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device executes a method as described in any one of the possible implementation methods described above.

[0125] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor executes a method as described in any one of the possible implementation methods described above.

[0126] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] The electronic device 2 includes a processor 21, a memory 22, an input device 23, and an output device 24. The processor 21, memory 22, input device 23, and output device 24 are coupled via a connector, which may include various interfaces, transmission lines, or buses, etc., although this is not limited in the present embodiment. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, coupling refers to interconnection in a specific manner, including direct connection or indirect connection through other devices, such as various interfaces, transmission lines, buses, etc.

[0128] The processor 21 may be one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). If the processor 21 is a GPU, the GPU may be a single-core GPU or a multi-core GPU. Alternatively, the processor 21 may be a processor group consisting of multiple GPUs, with the multiple processors coupled to each other via one or more buses. Alternatively, the processor may be another type of processor, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0129] The memory 22 can be used to store computer program instructions and various computer program codes, including program codes for executing the embodiments of the present invention. Optionally, the memory includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), which is used for related instructions and data.

[0130] The input device 23 is used to input data and / or signals, and the output device 24 is used to output data and / or signals. The input device 23 and the output device 24 can be independent devices or an integrated device.

[0131] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present invention, the memory 22 is not only used to store relevant instructions, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific data stored in the memory.

[0132] It is understandable that Figure 4 Only a simplified design of an electronic device is shown. In actual applications, the electronic device may further include other necessary components, including but not limited to any number of input / output devices, processors, memories, etc., and all video analysis devices that can implement the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will also clearly understand that the descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have different focuses. For the convenience and brevity of description, the same or similar parts may not be repeated in different embodiments. Therefore, for parts not described or not described in detail in one embodiment, reference can be made to the descriptions of other embodiments.

[0135] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0136] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0137] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0138] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted via the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0139] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware to perform the processes. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the processes in the above-described method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method for a tunnel, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the base station's transmitted signal and the received signals of multiple receiving ends in the tunnel, and determine the attenuation rate of the received signals at different receiving ends based on the transmitted and received signals: Where i represents the test point, i = 1, 2, ...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents the visibility, λ represents the signal light wavelength; q is a constant, and the signal attenuation rate is related to the signal transmission distance and the signal attenuation coefficient. Obtain the reflection and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initialize the parameters and layout of the RIS unit based on the reflection, refraction and attenuation characteristics of the transmitted signal; Establish a channel model for the tunnel wireless communication network, determine the corresponding channel capacity based on the channel model, and update the parameters and layout of the RIS unit based on the calculation results of the channel capacity; The establishing of a channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network and determining a corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model include: Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna: Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna; Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity: h(xy)→H Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio; the fault variable of the signal transmission communication failure is determined, and the channel capacity is updated according to the fault variable; Among them, the expression of the fault variable is: K=G+(Y-Y0) / F Where K represents the fault variable; G represents the fault probability center point parameter; F represents the communication path parameter of the communication failure; Y represents the network matching parameter; and Y0 represents the Bayesian network fault distribution probability.

2. The wireless communication method for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propagation path in the channel model of the tunnel wireless communication network is from the base station to the RIS unit, and from the RIS unit to the receiving end.

3. The wireless communication method for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The parameters of the RIS unit include frequency parameters, phase parameters and polarization parameters.

4. The wireless communication method for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The RIS unit is a strip-shaped RIS reflective surface and is arranged parallel to the leaky cable in the tunnel at the same height.

5. A wireless communication system for a tunnel, characterized in that: The system comprises: The attenuation rate calculation unit is used to obtain the transmission signal of the base station and the received signals of multiple receiving ends in the tunnel, and determine the attenuation rates of the received signals of different receiving ends based on the transmission signal and the received signal: Where i represents the test point, i = 1, 2, ...; I represents the received signal strength, I0 represents the transmitted signal strength, d represents the signal transmission distance, D represents the standard distance between the transmitter and the receiver, α represents the signal attenuation coefficient; V represents the visibility, λ represents the signal light wavelength; q is a constant, and the signal attenuation rate is related to the signal transmission distance and the signal attenuation coefficient. The RIS initialization unit is used to obtain the reflection characteristics and refraction characteristics of the transmitted signal, and initialize the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the reflection characteristics, refraction characteristics and attenuation rate of the transmitted signal; The RIS update unit is used to establish a channel model for the tunnel wireless communication network, determine the corresponding channel capacity according to the channel model, and update the parameters and layout of the RIS unit according to the calculation results of the channel capacity; It is also used to establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna: Establish the channel mapping relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna: Where h represents the channel mapping relationship from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, j represents the jth RIS unit, there are N of them, and w xy represents the transmission power from the xth transmitting antenna to the yth receiving antenna, λ represents the wavelength of the signal light, and d x,j represents the distance from the xth transmitting antenna to the jth RIS unit, d j,y represents the distance from the jth RIS unit to the yth receiving antenna; Construct a relationship matrix based on the channel mapping relationship to determine the channel capacity: h(xy)→H Where H is the m×n matrix composed of h(xy), H T is the transposed matrix of H, C represents the channel capacity, and β represents the signal-to-noise ratio; determining a fault variable of a signal transmission communication fault and updating a channel capacity according to the fault variable; Among them, the expression of the fault variable is: K=G+(Y-Y0) / F Where K represents the fault variable; G represents the fault probability center point parameter; F represents the communication path parameter of the communication failure; Y represents the network matching parameter; and Y0 represents the Bayesian network fault distribution probability.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer instructions, and when the processor executes the computer instructions, the electronic device executes the wireless communication method for tunneling according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the processor executes the wireless communication method for tunneling according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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