Electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device and elevator
By using an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device, which utilizes the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism and the insertion pins and insertion holes of the insertion mechanism, the problems of high installation accuracy and wear of door blades and door balls in the existing technology are solved, realizing stable linkage between the landing door and car door, and improving the safety and convenience of the elevator.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGSHU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
Smart Images
Figure CN118183442B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an elevator landing door and car door linkage device, and more particularly to an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device and an elevator. Background Technology
[0002] In existing technologies, the linkage between elevator landing doors and car doors commonly employs door knife and door ball joints to achieve synchronous opening and closing of the landing doors and car doors. Although this design is widely used in the industry, it still has some problems in practical use.
[0003] First, the installation process of the door knife and door ball system is cumbersome and requires a high degree of precision. Installers must accurately measure and adjust the gap between the door leaf and the door frame to ensure the door knife can engage with the door ball precisely. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also highly dependent on the professional skills and experience of the installers. Measurement errors or installation deviations can cause the door knife and door ball to fail to cooperate effectively, thus affecting the normal linkage between the landing door and the car door.
[0004] Secondly, the existing door knife and door ball linkage mechanism is susceptible to uneven mass distribution within the elevator. When the elevator tilts due to uneven load distribution, the relative positions of the door knife and door ball may shift, leading to unexpected collisions. Such collisions not only accelerate the wear of the door knife and door ball components but may even directly damage them, requiring frequent repairs or replacements and increasing operation and maintenance costs.
[0005] Furthermore, slight shaking is unavoidable during elevator operation. This dynamic disturbance can easily cause misalignment between the door knife and the door ball, resulting in the door not opening properly. This not only affects the convenience of passengers entering and exiting the elevator but may also create safety hazards, seriously threatening elevator safety. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device. This device solves the problem that high precision is required in the installation and fitting of the door knife and door ball, and that installation errors and operational wear can easily affect the normal linkage between the landing door and car door. Another objective of the present invention is to provide an elevator equipped with this electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device.
[0007] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: An electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device includes an electromagnetic telescopic mechanism and a plug-in mechanism. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is installed on the car door and extends and retracts towards the landing door. The end face of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is provided with a plurality of plug-in holes. The plug-in mechanism is installed on the side of the landing door facing the car door. The plug-in mechanism includes a plurality of plug-in pins that extend and retract towards the car door. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is in the extended state, at least a portion of the plug-in pins are inserted into the plug-in holes to engage the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism with the plug-in mechanism. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is in the retracted state, the plug-in pins are disengaged from the plug-in holes to separate the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism from the plug-in mechanism.
[0008] Furthermore, the insertion hole is a round hole, the insertion pin is cylindrical, and the diameter of the insertion hole is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the insertion pin.
[0009] Furthermore, the insertion pins are arranged radially, and the insertion holes are arranged in a row and column matrix on the end face of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism.
[0010] Furthermore, the insertion mechanism includes a connecting base and a guide plate that are stacked together. The guide plate is provided with a guide hole, and the insertion pin is slidably disposed in the guide hole. The end of the insertion pin is connected to the connecting base by a spring, and the connecting base is connected to the door.
[0011] Furthermore, the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic end and a fixed end. The telescopic end is provided with a first electromagnet, and the fixed end is provided with a magnet. The first electromagnet and the magnet are arranged in the telescopic direction of the telescopic end. When the first electromagnet and the magnet repel each other, it is in the extended state. When the first electromagnet and the magnet attract each other, it is in the retracted state.
[0012] Furthermore, the magnet is a second electromagnet.
[0013] Furthermore, the electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device includes a door lock mechanism, which includes a drive motor, a swing arm, a cable, a door lock, and a door latch. The drive motor drives the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism to rotate. The swing arm is fixedly connected to the plug-in mechanism. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism rotates, it drives the plug-in mechanism to rotate, causing the swing arm to swing. The door lock is fixedly installed in the elevator shaft. The door latch moves with the landing door. The head end of the door latch is used to hook and lock with the door lock. The door latch is connected to the cable. When the swing arm swings, the cable pulls the door latch, causing the head end of the door latch to lift up and disengage from the door lock.
[0014] Furthermore, the shaft is provided with a first transverse slide rail, on which a first slider connected by a first spring is provided. The door latch is rotatably connected to the first slider, and the rotation of the door latch is provided with a torsion spring. The first slider is provided with a stop to limit the rotation range of the door latch. When the head end of the door latch is lifted, the torsion spring is deformed.
[0015] Furthermore, the door is provided with a second slide rail, on which a second slider connected by a second spring is provided. The second slider is connected to the cable. When the swing arm swings, it moves the second slide rail and causes the second spring to deform.
[0016] Another technical solution of the present invention is an elevator, including a shaft, a car, and the aforementioned electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device.
[0017] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:
[0018] This invention eliminates the design of door knife and door ball, and adopts an electromagnetic structure to link and open / close the landing door and car door. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism and the door ball mechanism are engaged or disengaged by the cooperation of the plug pins and plug holes, thereby enabling the landing door and car door to work together. The cooperation of multiple plug pins and plug holes means that the installation position of the two does not need to be very precise. The plug pins and plug holes will also have the problem of long-distance friction like door knife and door ball, avoiding the problems and disadvantages of easy wear of door knife and the troublesome installation of door ball that requires precise measurement of gaps. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device as an example.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device (car door hidden) as an example.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism (view from the telescopic end).
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism.
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the plug-in mechanism.
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insertion pin.
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the door lock latch, the second slide rail, and the door lock work together. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0028] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment relates to an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device used in a car-type vertical elevator with a car and a shaft. Each floor of the elevator shaft is equipped with a landing door 1, and the car runs within the shaft, with a car door 2.
[0029] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device includes an electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 and a plug-in mechanism 4. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 is installed on the car door 2, and the plug-in mechanism 4 is installed on the landing door 1. The installation position can be selected to be the same as that of the existing door knife installation. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 has a telescopic end 301 driven by electromagnetic force, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end 301 faces the landing door 1. A plurality of plug-in holes 302 are provided on the front end face of the telescopic end 301 for inserting the plug-in pins 401 of the plug-in mechanism 4. The plug-in mechanism 4 has a plurality of plug-in pins 401, which are also telescopic, and their telescopic direction faces the car door 2. When the car door 2 moves to a position opposite the landing door 1 as the car moves, the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 extends towards the landing door 1. A portion of the insertion pins 401, which are aligned with the insertion holes 302 on the front face of the telescopic end 301, directly enter the insertion holes 302. The insertion pins 401 not aligned with the insertion holes 302 retract under the pressure of the end face of the telescopic end 301. At this point, the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 and the insertion mechanism 4 are engaged. In the lateral direction, force is transmitted through the insertion pins 401, allowing the landing door 1 to move in conjunction with the car door 2. When the linkage between the landing door 1 and the car door 2 is not needed, the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 retracts, the insertion pins 401 that were previously inserted into the insertion holes 302 disengage from the insertion holes 302, and the insertion pins 401 that were previously compressed back by the end face of the telescopic end 301 extend out again. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 and the insertion mechanism 4 then separate.
[0030] In some embodiments, the structure of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 is as follows: the plug-in mechanism 4 is made of magnetic material, the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected to the car door 2 by a spring. When the telescopic end 301 needs to extend, the electromagnet is energized to overcome the spring force and is attracted by the plug-in mechanism 4. When the telescopic end 301 needs to retract, the current to the electromagnet is disconnected, and the telescopic end 301 is reset under the spring force.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, for better stability, the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 in this embodiment has the following structure: it includes a telescopic end 301 and a fixed end 303. As mentioned above, the telescopic end 301 is an electromagnet, named the first electromagnet. The fixed end 303 includes a base 304 and multiple second electromagnets 305. A spline shaft 306 is located at the center of the base 304. The first electromagnet is slidably sleeved on the head end of the spline shaft 306, and a retaining ring 307 is provided to prevent the first electromagnet from sliding off the head end of the spline shaft 306. The second electromagnets 305 are fixedly mounted on the base 304 around the spline shaft 306. The first and second electromagnets 305 are arranged in a front-to-back configuration in the telescopic direction of the telescopic end 301. When the telescopic end 301 needs to extend, the polarities of the opposite sides of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet 305 are repelled by controlling the energizing direction of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet 305, and the first electromagnet is pushed by the magnetic force to extend and approach the landing door 1; when the telescopic end 301 needs to retract, the polarities of the opposite sides of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet 305 are attracted by controlling the energizing direction of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet 305, and the first electromagnet is attracted by the magnetic force to retract and approach the car door 2. It should be noted that the telescoping purpose can be achieved by changing the energizing direction of one of the first electromagnets and the second electromagnet 305. Therefore, one of the first electromagnets and the second electromagnet 305 can be replaced by a permanent magnet. However, in order to make it easier for the telescoping end 301 to retract, it is better to replace the second electromagnet with a permanent magnet. When the telescoping end 301 needs to retract, the energizing of the first electromagnet can be disconnected, and only the second electromagnet 305 can be energized. Thus, the second electromagnet 305 attracts the first electromagnet to retract. There will be no or only a very small attraction between the first electromagnet and the plug-in structure, resulting in better reliability.
[0032] To ensure stable connection and better fault tolerance, please combine... Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the structure of the insertion mechanism 4 includes a connecting base 402 and a guide plate 403 stacked together. The connecting base 402 is connected to the landing door 1, and the guide plate 403 is connected to the connecting base 402 and located on the side of the connecting base 402 facing the car door 2. The guide plate 403 has a guide hole 404 that matches the insertion pin 401. The insertion pin 401 is cylindrical and slidably disposed within the guide hole 404. The end of the insertion pin 401 is connected to the connecting base 402 by a spring 405. When no external force is applied, a portion of the insertion pin 401 is located within the guide hole 404, and a portion protrudes from the guide hole 404, protruding from the surface of the guide plate 403. The insertion pins 401 are arranged radially along the radial direction of the guide plate 403. The insertion holes 302 on the end face of the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 are circular holes, arranged in a row and column matrix. The diameter of the insertion holes 302 is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the insertion pins 401; in this embodiment, it is chosen to be 4 times. Multiple insertion holes 302 with larger diameters in the row and column arrangement cooperate with multiple insertion pins 401 with smaller diameters. When the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 extends, some insertion pins 401 can always be directly inserted into the insertion holes 302. The insertion pins 401 that cannot be inserted into the insertion holes 302 are squeezed back into the guide holes 404 by the end face of the telescopic end 301. Thus, even if there is a certain misalignment between the car door 2 and the landing door 1, i.e., a certain misalignment between the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 and the insertion mechanism 4, it can still ensure that some insertion pins 401 can enter the insertion holes 302, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the linkage between the landing door 1 and the car door 2.
[0033] Please combine again Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, to further enable the car door 2 to unlock the landing door 1, the electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device in this embodiment also includes a door lock mechanism 8. The door lock mechanism 8 includes a drive motor 5, a swing arm 6, a cable 7, a door lock 8, and a door lock latch 9. The drive motor 5 is mounted on the car door 2 to drive the telescopic end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 to rotate within a small range. In this embodiment, the base 304 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 is rotatably connected to the car door 2. A toothed groove 3041 is provided on the bottom edge of the base 304. The shaft of the drive motor 5 is connected to a gear 10 that meshes with the toothed groove 3041. When the drive motor 5 rotates, it drives the base 304 to rotate, thereby causing the telescopic end 301 to rotate via the splined shaft 306.
[0034] The swing arm 6 is fixedly connected to the insertion mechanism 4, specifically to the back of the connecting base 402. After the extension end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 extends, when the extension end 301 rotates, it drives the guide plate 403 and the connecting base 402 to rotate through the insertion pin 401, thereby causing the swing arm 6 to swing. A horizontally arranged second slide rail 11 is installed on the landing door 1. A second slider 12 connected by a second spring 13 is provided on the second slide rail 11. The second spring 13 is used to reset the second slider 12 on the second slide rail 11. The second slider 12 is provided with a groove 1201. The head end of the swing arm 6 is placed in the groove 1201. When the swing arm 6 swings, it moves the second slider 12 on the second slide rail 11 and causes the second spring 13 to deform. When the swing arm 6 does not apply force to the second slider 12, the second slider 12 is reset under the elastic force of the second spring 13.
[0035] Two fixed pulleys 14 are installed on the landing door 1, and a first slider 15 is mounted on it. A door lock 9 is rotatably connected to the first slider 15. A pivot is provided at the tail end of the door lock 9 to connect to the first slider 15. A torsion spring is installed on the pivot of the door lock 9, and the torsion spring deforms when the door lock 9 rotates. In addition, a stop 1501 is provided on the first slider 15 to limit the rotation range of the door lock 9 and prevent the door lock 9 from rotating too much. A pull cable 7 is connected to the head end of the door lock 9. The pull cable 7 passes over the two fixed pulleys 14 and is connected to the second slider 12. When the second slider 12 is moved by the swing arm 6, the pull cable 7 pulls the door lock 9 to rotate, and the head end of the door lock 9 is lifted. A first slide rail 16 and a door lock 8 are fixedly installed in the shaft. The first slide rail 16 is horizontally placed to cooperate with the first slider 15. A first spring 17 is provided between the first slider 15 and the shaft to make the first slider 15 return to its original position. Door lock 8 is used to cooperate with door latch 9 to horizontally lock door latch 9, thereby horizontally locking the landing door 1. In this embodiment, door latch 9 is an L-shape with its head folded down, and door lock 8 is an L-shape with its head folded up; the two hook and lock each other. When the cable 7 pulls door latch 9, the head of door latch 9 lifts up and disengages from door lock 8, allowing the landing door 1 to move horizontally.
[0036] To facilitate control, this embodiment also includes two vertical guide grooves 17 on both sides of the car door 2. A photoelectric switch is located in the middle of the guide groove 17, and the upper and lower ends of the guide groove 17 are V-shaped openings 18. Correspondingly, a detection protrusion 19 is provided on the landing door 1. When the elevator car arrives at the landing, the detection protrusion 19 enters the guide groove 17 through the V-shaped opening 18. The V-shaped opening 18 can ensure that the detection protrusion 19 enters the guide groove 17 smoothly within a certain error range. When the car is aligned with the landing door 1, the detection protrusion 18 reaches the position of the photoelectric switch and is sensed, confirming that the car is in place. The photoelectric switch data is transmitted to the elevator control cabinet, which controls the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 to move in conjunction with the landing door 1 and the car door 2. After the extension end 301 of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism 3 is extended, the drive motor 5 rotates to drive the swing arm 6 to swing, and then the door lock 9 is unlocked by pulling the cable 7. In this way, the landing door 1 can open and close laterally along with the car door 2.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device, characterized in that, The system includes an electromagnetic telescopic mechanism, a plug-in mechanism, and a door lock mechanism. The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is installed on the car door and extends towards the landing door. The telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism has several plug-in holes. The plug-in mechanism is installed on the landing door facing the car door and includes several plug-in pins that extend and retract towards the car door. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is extended, at least a portion of the plug-in pins are inserted into the plug-in holes, engaging the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism with the plug-in mechanism. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism is retracted, the plug-in pins disengage from the plug-in holes, allowing the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism to retract. The door lock mechanism is separate from the plug-in mechanism. The door lock mechanism includes a drive motor, a swing arm, a pull cable, a door lock, and a door latch. The drive motor drives the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism to rotate. The swing arm is fixedly connected to the plug-in mechanism. When the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism rotates, it drives the plug-in mechanism to rotate, causing the swing arm to swing. The door lock is fixedly installed in the elevator shaft. The door latch moves with the landing door. The head end of the door latch is used to hook and lock with the door lock. The door latch is connected to the pull cable. When the swing arm swings, the pull cable pulls the door latch, causing the head end of the door latch to lift up and disengage from the door lock.
2. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion hole is a round hole, the insertion pin is cylindrical, and the diameter of the insertion hole is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the insertion pin.
3. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insertion pins are arranged radially, and the insertion holes are arranged in a row and column matrix on the end face of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic telescopic mechanism.
4. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism includes a connecting base and a guide plate stacked on top of each other. The guide plate has a guide hole, and the insertion pin is slidably disposed in the guide hole. The end of the insertion pin is connected to the connecting base by a spring, and the connecting base is connected to the door.
5. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic end and a fixed end. The telescopic end is provided with a first electromagnet, and the fixed end is provided with a magnet. The first electromagnet and the magnet are arranged in the telescopic direction of the telescopic end. When the first electromagnet and the magnet repel each other, it is in the extended state. When the first electromagnet and the magnet attract each other, it is in the retracted state.
6. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnet is a second electromagnet.
7. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft is provided with a first horizontal slide rail, and a first slider connected by a first spring is provided on the first slide rail. The door latch is rotatably connected to the first slider, and a torsion spring is provided for the rotation of the door latch. The first slider is provided with a stop to limit the rotation range of the door latch. When the head end of the door latch is lifted, the torsion spring is deformed.
8. The electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door is provided with a second slide rail, and a second slider connected by a second spring is provided on the second slide rail. The second slider is connected to the cable. When the swing arm swings, it moves the second slide rail and causes the second spring to deform.
9. An elevator, characterized in that, It includes a shaft, a car, and an electromagnetic elevator landing door and car door linkage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.