A multifunctional fire experiment platform with adjustable space size

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional fire experiment platform with adjustable spatial dimensions, relating to the field of fire safety technology. It includes a base plate, side plates, a horizontal roller shutter assembly, a vertical roller shutter assembly, and a top plate assembly. Two side plates are positioned opposite each other on the left and right sides of the base plate. The horizontal and vertical roller shutter assemblies are positioned opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the base plate, respectively. The side plates, base plate, horizontal and vertical roller shutter assemblies form a cabin with an open top. The top plate assembly covers the opening of the cabin and moves up and down inside the cabin. One end of the horizontal roller shutter assembly is slidably connected to one of the side plates, while the other end extends freely towards the other side plate. The vertical roller shutter assemblies are slidably connected to both side plates, with the upper part fixed and the lower part extending freely towards the base plate. This multifunctional fire experiment platform overcomes the shortcomings of common experimental platforms, which often limit the research scenarios, and significantly reduces manpower and material costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire safety technology, and in particular to a multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions. Background Technology

[0002] Fires in building chambers are frequent, posing a significant threat to people's lives and property. Understanding the dynamics of chamber fires is of paramount importance for fire prevention. When conducting experimental research on chamber fires, it is necessary to construct appropriate experimental chambers based on the different sizes of the chambers. For example, an experimental chamber built for a specific size chamber cannot be used for fire research in narrow spaces such as corridors, nor for fire research in large, flat spaces. This means that after a single experiment, the experimental chamber faces the problem of being scrapped and cannot be reused. Each experiment requires the construction of a new experimental platform, resulting in a huge waste of human and material resources.

[0003] Currently common experimental platforms suffer from the limitation of limited research scenarios; a single platform can typically only conduct experiments in a few specific scenarios. For example, a long, narrow tunnel-type experimental platform cannot conduct experiments in flat spaces. A common drawback of experimental platforms is that, due to construction cost constraints, their dimensions are fixed, and their length, width, and height cannot be easily altered, often corresponding only to one research point. However, in fire science research, different chamber dimensions lead to significant differences in fire dynamics and smoke movement. Specifically, the fire dynamics and smoke movement patterns in long, narrow spaces, flat spaces, and conventional spaces differ greatly, possessing extremely important research value. Furthermore, the size and orientation of chamber openings have a significant impact on fire dynamics and smoke movement patterns, also possessing extremely important research value.

[0004] The main characteristic of existing related technical documents is that they are experimental platforms designed for a single experimental need, meaning that it is impossible to conduct fire experiments in multiple different scenarios on a single experimental platform. For example, CN105632318A (a small-sized multi-functional tunnel fire experimental platform) can achieve different spatial heights by setting base plates at slots at different vertical heights, but its width is fixed, and it can only conduct tunnel fire-related experiments with different width-to-height ratios. Furthermore, the slot structure design cannot guarantee the convenience of obtaining arbitrary spatial heights; for example, CN108682269A (Small-sized Multifunctional Adjustable Tunnel-Train Dual-purpose Fire Experimental Platform and its Experimental Method) proposes that the size of the small-sized tunnel and the dual-purpose train experimental platform in the wind tunnel can be adjusted, that is, the width and height of the experimental platform can be adjusted, but the device described in this invention is limited to small-sized tunnels and trains, and does not involve large-scale narrow and flat spaces, etc., and the specific scheme for adjusting the size of the experimental platform is not clear; for example, CN112820179B (A Multifunctional Industrial Fire Experimental Platform) can be used to carry out experiments on flowing fire, boiling fire and their extinguishing and suppression, but does not involve the function of adjustable size of the experimental chamber; for example, CN110728895B (A Device for Semi-lateral Smoke Exhaust Research in Tunnels and Subway Stations) discloses a dual-purpose experimental platform, which realizes the conversion between tunnels and subway stations through slots; for example, CN106710421B (A Tunnel Fire Simulation Device with Adjustable Slope under Longitudinal Wind Action) discloses a tunnel with variable slope, but does not involve other scenarios. The application scenarios of the above patents are limited, and none of them take into account the actual needs of adjustable integrated space size and arbitrary tilt angle of experimental platform.

[0005] In summary, current technology is not capable of conducting fire experiments under different requirements. To complete scientific experiments for different fire research purposes, it would be necessary to spend a lot of manpower and resources to rebuild various experimental chambers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions. The cabin structure can be adjusted according to the experimental purpose requirements to carry out fire experiments in different scenarios, which greatly saves manpower and material costs.

[0007] The present invention proposes a multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions, comprising a base plate, side plates, a horizontal roller shutter assembly, a vertical roller shutter assembly, and a top plate assembly; Two side panels are respectively positioned opposite each other on the left and right sides of the bottom plate, and horizontal roller blind assembly and vertical roller blind assembly are respectively positioned opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the bottom plate. The side panels, bottom plate, horizontal roller blind assembly and vertical roller blind assembly form a cabin with an opening at the top. The top plate assembly covers the opening end of the cabin and moves up and down inside the cabin. One end of the horizontal roller blind assembly is slidably connected to one of the side panels, and the other end is freely extended toward the other side panel. The left and right sides of the vertical roller blind assembly are slidably connected to the two side panels respectively, and the upper part of the vertical roller blind assembly is fixed, while the lower part is freely extended toward the bottom plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the horizontal roller shutter assembly includes a horizontal roller shutter door, a horizontal slide rail, and a horizontal roller mechanism. The horizontal slide rail is arranged on the base plate along the front-to-back direction, and the horizontal roller mechanism is slidably arranged with the horizontal slide rail. One end of the horizontal roller shutter door is connected to the horizontal roller mechanism, and the other end is freely extended toward the other side plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical roller shutter assembly includes a vertical roller shutter door, a vertical slide rail, and a fixedly installed vertical roller mechanism. The two vertical slide rails are respectively installed on the two side plates along the vertical direction. The vertical roller shutter door is slidably connected to the side plates through the vertical slide rails. The upper end of the vertical roller shutter door is connected to the vertical roller mechanism, and the lower end is freely extended towards the bottom plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the movement direction of the horizontal roller shutter door is set perpendicular to the movement direction of the vertical roller shutter door.

[0011] Furthermore, the top plate assembly includes a first top plate, a second top plate, and a top plate hydraulic cylinder for driving the movement of the second top plate. The left and right sides of the first top plate abut against the side plates respectively, and the front end of the first top plate abuts against the vertical roller shutter assembly. One end of the second top plate is disposed in the hollow cavity of the first top plate and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the top plate hydraulic cylinder. The other end of the second top plate is movable in the front-back direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the cabin is also equipped with a side wall assembly, a bottom slide rail, and a top slide rail. The bottom slide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate in the left-right direction, and the top slide rail is arranged on the lower surface of the first top plate in the left-right direction. The side wall assembly includes a first side wall panel and a second side wall panel. The bottom of the first side wall panel is slidably mounted on the bottom slide rail by a slider, and the top of the second side wall panel is slidably mounted on the top slide rail by a slider. The bottom of the second side wall panel is inserted into the hollow cavity of the first side wall panel and can move up and down along the hollow cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the side plate is equipped with a smoke exhaust fan for ventilating the cabin, and the bottom plate is equipped with a ventilation fan for supplying air to the cabin.

[0014] Furthermore, the top plate assembly is equipped with fine water mist nozzles for extinguishing fires inside the cabin.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner walls of the cabin are covered with a first thermal protection structure, and the gaps in the cabin are sealed with high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0016] Furthermore, one or more observation windows are provided on the top panel assembly, and the observation windows are made of quartz glass.

[0017] The advantages of the multifunctional fire experimental platform with adjustable space size provided by the present invention are as follows: the space of the multifunctional fire experimental platform is adjustable, and it can be used to study scientific problems such as fire dynamics, fire extinguishing and smoke control in narrow spaces, flat spaces and conventional spaces. It overcomes the shortcomings of common experimental platforms that have a single research scenario and can only carry out a few research scenarios, and greatly reduces the cost of manpower and material resources. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the roof slab assembly; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sidewall assembly; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cabin of arbitrary spatial dimensions; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a flat space. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a long and narrow space. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cabin with a vertical opening on one side; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a single-sided transverse opening cabin; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a fine water mist curtain and fire extinguishing structure; Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the influence of different spatial structures on the heat release rate of a fire source; Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of different opening sizes (opening factor) on the heat release rate of the fire source; Figure 12 This is a graph showing temperature changes at different locations from the fire source. Among them, 1-bottom plate, 2-side plate, 3-horizontal roller shutter assembly, 4-vertical roller shutter assembly, 5-top plate assembly, 6-cabin body, 7-smoke exhaust fan, 8-fine water mist nozzle, 9-fine water mist pipe, 10-extinguishing agent pipe, 11-nozzle interface, 31-horizontal roller shutter door, 32-horizontal slide rail, 33-horizontal roller mechanism, 34-horizontal single-sided opening, 41-vertical roller shutter door, 42-vertical slide rail, 43-vertical single-sided opening, 51-first top plate, 52-second top plate, 53-top plate hydraulic cylinder, 61-side wall assembly, 63-first side wall plate, 64-second side wall plate, 65-bottom slide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail through specific embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention proposes a multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions, including a base plate 1, side plates 2, a horizontal roller shutter assembly 3, a vertical roller shutter assembly 4, and a top plate assembly 5; the two side plates 2 are respectively arranged opposite each other on the left and right sides of the base plate 1, the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 and the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 are respectively arranged opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the base plate 1, the side plates 2, the base plate 1, the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 and the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 form a cabin 6 with an open top end, the top plate assembly 5 covers the open end of the cabin 6 and moves up and down inside the cabin 6; one end of the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 is slidably connected to one of the side plates 2, and the other end is freely extended toward the other side plate 2, the left and right sides of the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 are respectively slidably connected to the two side plates 2, and the upper part of the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 is fixed, and the lower part is freely extended toward the base plate 1.

[0021] By adjusting the movement of the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3, the vertical roller shutter assembly 4, and the top plate assembly 5, a test platform of arbitrary length, width, and height can be created. Furthermore, the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 can form a chamber with a vertical single-sided opening to conduct fire experiments in chambers with different opening sizes in the vertical direction. Similarly, the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 can form a chamber with a horizontal single-sided opening to conduct fire experiments in chambers with different opening sizes in the horizontal direction. Simultaneously, by coordinating the horizontal and vertical roller shutter assemblies 3 and 4, the front and rear roller shutter doors can be fully opened to form a long and narrow chamber, enabling fire experiments in such spaces. Moreover, a smoke exhaust fan 7, a ventilation fan, and fine water mist nozzles 8 can be installed on the chamber 6 to conduct fire smoke control experiments under the synergistic effect of the fine water mist and smoke exhaust system.

[0022] In this embodiment, the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 includes a horizontal roller shutter door 31, a horizontal slide rail 32, and a horizontal roller mechanism 33. The horizontal slide rail 32 is arranged on the base plate 1 along the front-to-back direction. The horizontal roller mechanism 33 is slidably arranged with the horizontal slide rail 32. One end of the horizontal roller shutter door 31 is connected to the horizontal roller mechanism 33, and the other end is freely extended towards the other side plate 2. It can be understood that the horizontal roller shutter door 31 can be retracted into the horizontal roller mechanism 33. By pulling the horizontal roller shutter door 31 to move left and right, fire experiments of chambers with different opening sizes in the horizontal direction can be carried out. In addition, when the roller shutter door is completely retracted by the horizontal roller mechanism 33, the horizontal roller shutter door 31 can move horizontally back and forth through the horizontal slide rail 32. The horizontal roller mechanism 33 moves along the side plate 2, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the chamber 6. After moving to the designated position, the horizontal roller shutter door 31 can unfold in the horizontal left and right direction until it contacts the side wall assembly 61, achieving the goal of changing the length of the integrated experimental chamber.

[0023] The horizontal roller mechanism 33 and the horizontal roller shutter door 31 can move along the horizontal slide rail 32 to achieve adjustment of different cabin sizes.

[0024] The vertical roller shutter assembly 4 includes a vertical roller shutter door 41, vertical slide rails 42, and a fixed vertical roller mechanism. Two vertical slide rails 42 are respectively mounted on the two side panels 2 along the vertical direction. The upper end of the vertical roller shutter door 41 is connected to the vertical roller mechanism, and the lower end extends freely towards the bottom plate 1. It can be understood that the vertical roller shutter door 41 can be retracted into the vertical roller mechanism. By pulling the vertical roller shutter door 41 up and down, fire experiments with different opening sizes in the vertical direction can be conducted. Furthermore, the movement direction of the horizontal roller shutter door 31 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the vertical roller shutter door 41, thereby enabling fire experiments with openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0025] In this embodiment, the top plate assembly 5 includes a first top plate 51, a second top plate 52, and a top plate hydraulic cylinder 53 for driving the movement of the second top plate 52. The left and right sides of the first top plate 51 abut against the side plates 2, and the front end of the first top plate 51 abuts against the vertical roller shutter assembly 4. One end of the second top plate 52 is disposed in the hollow cavity of the first top plate 51 and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the top plate hydraulic cylinder 53. The other end of the second top plate 52 is movable in the front-rear direction. The second top plate 52 is driven to move by the top plate hydraulic cylinder 53, thereby changing the coverage area of ​​the upper part of the cabin 6. In conjunction with the horizontal roller shutter door 31 moving on the horizontal slide rail 32 to the abutment position of the second top plate 52, a fire simulation experiment is conducted to simulate the adjustment of the dimensions of the cabin 6 in the front-rear direction.

[0026] In addition, the cabin 6 is also equipped with a side wall assembly 61, a bottom slide rail 65, and a top slide rail. The bottom slide rail 65 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 in the left-right direction, and the top slide rail is arranged on the lower surface of the first top plate 51 in the left-right direction. The number of bottom slide rails 65 and top slide rails can be selected according to actual needs. The side wall assembly 61 includes a first side wall plate 63 and a second side wall plate 64. The bottom of the first side wall plate 63 is slidably mounted on the bottom slide rail 65 by a slider, and the top of the second side wall plate 64 is slidably mounted on the top slide rail by a slider. The bottom of the second side wall plate 64 is inserted into the hollow cavity of the first side wall plate 63 and can move up and down along the hollow cavity. In addition, the length direction of the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail is parallel, so that the first side wall plate 63 and the second side wall plate 64 can move in the same direction, avoiding motion interference problems.

[0027] In addition, to prevent the second side wall panel 64 from detaching from the hollow cavity of the first side wall panel 63 due to the vertical movement of the top panel assembly 5, the sum of the vertical heights of the first side wall panel 63 and the second side wall panel 64 must be greater than the vertical height of the side panel 2. Since the upper limit of the movement of the top panel assembly 5 is only to the top of the side panel 2 in the vertical direction, limiting the relationship between the sum of the heights of the first side wall panel 63 and the second side wall panel 64 and the height of the side panel 2 ensures that the second side wall panel 64 can move with the top panel assembly 5 without detaching from the hollow cavity of the first side wall panel 63, thereby ensuring the spatial sealing of the cabin 6.

[0028] Regarding the left and right movement of the first side wall panel 63 and the second side wall panel 64, the first side wall panel 63 can move on the bottom slide rail 65, and the second side wall panel 64 can move on the top slide rail. In specific use, any one of the following methods (a1) to (a3) ​​can be adopted, as follows: (a1) The first sidewall 63 and the second sidewall 64 can be manually slid to a designated position to achieve left and right movement of the first sidewall 63 and the second sidewall 64, thereby establishing the required cabin 6. (a2) Two linear modules can be set to drive the movement. The telescopic end of one linear module is fixedly connected to the first sidewall 63, and the telescopic end of the other linear module is slidably connected to the second sidewall 64 to avoid interference when the second sidewall 64 moves up and down. The telescopic directions of the other two linear modules are parallel and need to be driven synchronously so that the first sidewall 63 and the second sidewall 64 can move synchronously in one direction, avoiding the problem of motion interference, thereby achieving interference-free left and right movement of the first sidewall 63 and the second sidewall 64. (a3) A linear module can be set up, one end of which is fixedly set to the inner wall of the right side plate 2 and the other end is fixedly connected to the first side wall plate 63. The first side wall plate 63 moves left and right along the bottom slide rail 65 as driven by the linear module. Since the second side wall plate 64 is partially set in the hollow cavity of the first side wall plate 63, the second side wall plate 64 can move along the top slide rail. Therefore, the second side wall plate 64 can move with the movement of the first side wall plate 63, thereby realizing the left and right movement of the first side wall plate 63 and the second side wall plate 64.

[0029] The first side wall panel 63 and the second side wall panel 64 are made of stainless steel plates and slide on left and right slide rails to adjust the distance between the side wall panel (first side wall panel 63, second side wall panel 64) and one of the side panels 2 to simulate a fire test after the cabin is sized in the left and right directions.

[0030] Furthermore, the second side wall panel 64 moves up and down in the hollow cavity of the first side wall panel 63, and is used in conjunction with the up and down movement of the top panel (first top panel 51, second top panel 52) to simulate a fire test after the cabin has been adjusted in size in the vertical direction.

[0031] It should be noted that a first protective structure is installed on the inner walls of the chamber where the fire is being conducted. This first thermal protection structure is installed on the inner walls of the bottom plate 1, side plates 2, horizontal roller shutter door 31, vertical roller shutter door 41, first side wall panel 63, and second side wall panel 64, etc., using fire-resistant cotton. The fire-resistant cotton can effectively attenuate the damage to the experimental chamber wall materials caused by fire heat radiation and heat conduction. In addition, to prevent smoke leakage at the joints between the various walls of the chamber, materials resistant to 1500°C are used. o Fire-retardant adhesive was applied at high temperature for 2 hours and then sealed.

[0032] Understandably, the entire fixed side panel 2 is made of 5mm thick quartz glass and is fixed to the cabin frame with multiple screws, providing a good field of vision during cabin fires. Quartz glass is heat-resistant and can withstand temperatures up to 600°C in a fire environment. oThe temperature is C, and the side plate 2 can be easily disassembled and replaced with screws. In addition, the top plate assembly 5 has one or more observation windows with a size of 0.5 m × 0.5 m. The observation windows are made of quartz glass and are equipped with light shields of the same size on the outside. They can be selected to block light or open according to experimental needs.

[0033] In this embodiment, a smoke exhaust fan 7 for exhausting air from the cabin 6 is provided on the side plate 2, an air supply fan for supplying air to the cabin 6 is provided on the bottom plate 1, and a fine water mist spray nozzle 8 for extinguishing fire in the cabin 6 is provided on the top plate assembly 5.

[0034] Specifically, one or more rows of fine water mist nozzles 8 are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first top plate 51 and the second top plate 52. The fine water mist nozzles 8 installed on the second top plate 52 can move with the back and forth movement of the second top plate 52. In conjunction with the use of the exhaust fan 7, it can be used to study the flue gas control under the synergistic effect of fine water mist and mechanical exhaust system.

[0035] The fine water mist pipe 9, used to supply water to the fine water mist nozzle 8, is made of stainless steel capable of withstanding high pressures of not less than 12MPa. An interface for connecting to an external water supply system is provided at the left end of the fine water mist pipe 9, allowing connection to either a bottle-type or pump-type water supply system as needed for experiments. The fine water mist nozzle 8 can be used to connect to various types of fine water mist nozzles, and is easy to install and disassemble.

[0036] Fire extinguishing agent pipelines 10 and nozzle interfaces 11 are provided on the first roof plate 51 or / and the second roof plate 52. One end of the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10 is connected to the nozzle interface 11 and the other end is connected to the external water supply pipeline. The nozzle interface 11 can be used for fine water mist, water spray, water spray and foam spray. The nozzle interface 11 and the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10 are combined to simulate various fire test conditions (fire extinguishing agent, fine water mist, water spray, water spray and foam spray, etc.).

[0037] Example 1 like Figure 4 As shown, the integrated experimental cabin can be made into a cabin of any spatial size by adjusting relevant components. Based on Figure 1The integrated experimental chamber structure is illustrated in the following steps: First, the side wall assembly 61 is moved along the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail to a designated position on the left. Second, the second top plate 52 is pulled into the cavity of the first top plate 51 by the retraction action of the top plate hydraulic cylinder 53, thus changing the length of the top plate assembly 5 in the front-rear direction. Third, the top plate assembly 5 is moved up and down to a designated height using an external lifting device and fixed with screws, clips, etc. Fourth, the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 is moved to a designated position via the horizontal slide rail, and then the horizontal roller shutter door 31 is pulled until it contacts the side wall assembly 61, thereby forming the rear wall of the chamber 6. Furthermore, the vertical roller shutter assembly 4 and the horizontal roller shutter assembly 3 can be opened to designated positions according to the experimental objectives. Through these steps, the integrated experimental chamber can be formed into a chamber of any spatial size, which can be used to conduct fire tests in conventional spatial chambers of buildings, such as single rooms in buildings or enclosed spaces in ship cabins.

[0038] Example 2 like Figure 5 As shown, the integrated experimental chamber can achieve a flat space by adjusting relevant components. Based on the schematic diagram of the integrated experimental chamber structure in Figure 1, the first step is to move the side wall assembly 61 along the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail to the designated position on the right side (…). Figure 5 (The image shows the side wall assembly 61 moved to the rightmost position). The second step involves moving the top plate assembly 5 up and down to the designated height using an external lifting device, according to the experimental space dimensions, and securing it with screws, clips, etc. These steps allow the integrated experimental chamber to form a flat space chamber, which can be used for research on flat space fire dynamics and smoke control, such as underground parking garages, flat banquet halls, and flat offices.

[0039] The top panel assembly 5 moves up and down via an existing external lifting device. The highest point of the top panel assembly 5 does not exceed the upper end of the side panel, meaning that the top panel assembly 5 always moves within the cabin 6 and will not detach from the cabin. In addition, when the top panel assembly 5 moves up and down, since one end of the second side wall panel 64 is telescopically installed in the hollow cavity of the first side wall panel 63, the side wall assembly 61 will not interfere with the up and down movement of the top panel assembly 5.

[0040] Example 3 like Figure 6 As shown, the integrated experimental chamber can achieve a narrow space by adjusting relevant components. Based on the schematic diagram of the integrated experimental chamber structure in Figure 1, the first step is to move the side wall assembly 61 along the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail to the designated position on the left; the second step is to open the horizontal roller shutter door 31 and the vertical roller shutter door 41. Furthermore, the height of the top plate assembly 5 can be adjusted as needed, referring to Embodiment 1. Through the above steps, the integrated experimental chamber can form a narrow space, which can be used to conduct research on fire dynamics and smoke control in narrow spaces, such as tunnels and passageways.

[0041] To reveal the differences in fire dynamics among conventional, flat, and elongated spaces, this embodiment conducted experimental studies on these three types of spaces. The dimensions of the conventional space were 3 m × 3 m × 3 m; the flat space was 20 m × 20 m × 3 m; and the elongated space was 45 m × 5 m × 3 m. All three spaces had the same height of 3 m. The experimental fire source type and size were all 2 MW (design value) heptane fire, and the fire source location was at the center point of the spatial geometry. The heat release rate of the experimental fire source was measured using a balance. The results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the experimentally measured maximum heat release rates are ranked as follows: flat space > narrow space > conventional space. The maximum heat release rate of the flat space is about twice that of the conventional space, which shows that the spatial structure has a huge impact on fire dynamics.

[0042] Example 4 like Figure 7 As shown, the integrated experimental chamber can achieve a single-sided vertical opening-like space by adjusting relevant components. Based on Figure 1 The integrated experimental chamber structure is illustrated in the following steps: First, the side wall assembly 61 is moved along the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail to the designated position on the left. Second, the horizontal roller shutter door 31 is pulled to the position where it abuts against the side wall assembly 61. The vertical roller shutter door 41 can be adjusted to the designated position according to the experimental objectives, forming a vertical single-sided opening 43 on the front wall of the chamber. Through these steps, the integrated experimental chamber can be configured into a single-sided opening space, which can be used to conduct research on chamber fire dynamics and smoke control with different vertical opening sizes (opening factors), such as in private garages, logistics warehouses, and stores with single-sided openings.

[0043] To reveal the impact of different opening sizes (opening factors) on the fire dynamics of a chamber, this embodiment conducted an experimental study. The experimental space measured 3 m × 3 m × 3 m, with a vertical door 1.6 m wide and 2 m high. The roller shutter door could descend from the top to a designated position as needed. Experiments were conducted with four different opening sizes: 1 / 4 opening, 2 / 4 opening, 3 / 4 opening, and 4 / 4 opening. The fire source type and size were all 1.5 MW (design value) heptane fire, and the fire source location was always at the center point of the spatial geometry. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, it can be seen that the oxygen supply and heat accumulation in the space are affected under different opening conditions, resulting in different heat release rates from the same fire source. This shows that the opening size (opening factor) has a huge impact on fire dynamics.

[0044] Example 5 like Figure 8As shown, the integrated experimental chamber can achieve a single-sided lateral opening-like space by adjusting relevant components. Based on Figure 1 The integrated experimental chamber structure is illustrated in the following steps: First, move the side wall assembly 61 along the bottom slide rail 65 and the top slide rail to the designated position on the left. Second, pull the vertical roller shutter door 41 until it abuts against the base plate 1. The horizontal roller shutter door 31 can be adjusted to the designated position according to the experimental objectives, forming a horizontal single-sided opening 34 on the rear wall of the chamber. Through these steps, the integrated experimental chamber can form a single-sided opening-like space, which can be used to conduct research on fire dynamics and smoke control in chambers with different horizontal opening sizes (opening factors).

[0045] Example 6 like Figure 9 As shown, a fine water mist system consisting of fine water mist pipes 9 and fine water mist nozzles 8 is provided. The appropriate fine water mist nozzles can be replaced according to experimental needs. Additionally, a variable frequency exhaust fan 7 for exhausting smoke from the chamber 6 is installed on the side plate 2. The exhaust air volume can be continuously adjusted from 0 to 100 m³ / h. 3 A pressure gauge is installed on the fine water mist supply pipe 10 to monitor the water pressure and calculate the water flow rate from the fine water mist nozzles. By adjusting the external water supply pressure, the flow rate at the nozzles can be adjusted from 5 L / min to 25 L / min. During experiments, different sizes of fire sources, such as 0.5 to 5 MW, can be set, and the variable frequency fan can be adjusted to achieve a smoke exhaust volume from 0 to 100 m³ / s. 3 / s, the critical smoke emission rate for different fire source sizes can be obtained, that is, the corresponding smoke emission rate for forming a stable smoke layer in the experimental chamber. Furthermore, the fine water mist curtain and the smoke emission system can be activated simultaneously to conduct smoke control experiments under their synergistic effect, optimizing parameters of the fine water mist curtain system, including water spray intensity and nozzle installation spacing, while simultaneously obtaining the critical smoke emission rate (the minimum smoke emission rate for forming a stable smoke layer). In addition, to monitor the impact of the fine water mist curtain on the fire source temperature, this embodiment includes a temperature measurement system. Thermocouple measuring elements are placed at distances of 0.2 m, 0.4 m, 0.6 m, 0.8 m, 1.2 m, and 1.5 m (at a height of 1 m) from the fire source (geometric center). The temperature change in a certain experiment is shown below. Figure 12 As shown. The combination of a fine water mist system and a smoke exhaust fan can be used to study smoke control strategies in various spaces. In addition, extinguishing agent pipes 10 and nozzle interfaces 11 are provided on the first ceiling 51 or / and the second ceiling 52, which can be connected to fine water mist, water spray, water sprinkler and foam nozzles, etc., for various fire extinguishing experiments.

[0046] This multifunctional fire experiment platform has an adjustable space and can be used to study scientific issues such as fire dynamics, fire extinguishing and smoke control in narrow, flat and conventional spaces. It overcomes the shortcomings of common experimental platforms that are limited to a single research scenario and can only carry out a few research scenarios, thus greatly reducing human and material costs.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions, characterized in that, It includes a base plate (1), side plates (2), a horizontal roller blind assembly (3), a vertical roller blind assembly (4), and a top plate assembly (5); Two side panels (2) are respectively arranged opposite each other on the left and right sides of the bottom plate (1), and the horizontal roller blind assembly (3) and the vertical roller blind assembly (4) are respectively arranged opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the bottom plate (1). The side panels (2), the bottom plate (1), the horizontal roller blind assembly (3) and the vertical roller blind assembly (4) form a cabin (6) with an opening at the top. The top plate assembly (5) covers the opening end of the cabin (6) and moves up and down inside the cabin (6). One end of the horizontal roller blind assembly (3) is slidably connected to one of the side plates (2), and the other end is freely extended toward the other side plate (2). The left and right sides of the vertical roller blind assembly (4) are slidably connected to the two side plates (2) respectively, and the upper part of the vertical roller blind assembly (4) is fixed and the lower part is freely extended toward the bottom plate (1). The top plate assembly (5) includes a first top plate (51), a second top plate (52), and a top plate hydraulic cylinder (53) for driving the second top plate (52) to move. The left and right sides of the first top plate (51) abut against the side plates (2) respectively, and the front end of the first top plate (51) abuts against the vertical roller shutter assembly (4). One end of the second top plate (52) is disposed in the hollow cavity of the first top plate (51) and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the top plate hydraulic cylinder (53). The other end of the second top plate (52) is disposed in the front-back direction. The cabin (6) is also provided with a side wall assembly (61), a bottom slide rail (65) and a top slide rail. The bottom slide rail (65) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate (1) in the left-right direction, and the top slide rail is arranged on the lower surface of the first top plate (51) in the left-right direction. The side wall assembly (61) includes a first side wall plate (63) and a second side wall plate (64). The bottom of the first side wall plate (63) is slidably mounted on the bottom slide rail (65) by a slider, and the top of the second side wall plate (64) is slidably mounted on the top slide rail by a slider. The bottom of the second side wall plate (64) is inserted into the hollow cavity of the first side wall plate (63) and can move up and down along the hollow cavity.

2. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal roller shutter assembly (3) includes a horizontal roller shutter door (31), a horizontal slide rail (32), and a horizontal roller mechanism (33). The horizontal slide rail (32) is arranged on the base plate (1) along the front-back direction. The horizontal roller mechanism (33) is slidably arranged with the horizontal slide rail (32). One end of the horizontal roller shutter door (31) is connected to the horizontal roller mechanism (33), and the other end is freely extended in the direction of the other side plate (2).

3. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical roller shutter assembly (4) includes a vertical roller shutter door (41), a vertical slide rail (42), and a fixed vertical roller mechanism. The two vertical slide rails (42) are respectively set on the two side plates (2) in the vertical direction. The vertical roller shutter door (41) is slidably connected to the side plate (2) through the vertical slide rail (42). The upper end of the vertical roller shutter door (41) is connected to the vertical roller mechanism, and the lower end is freely extended towards the bottom plate (1).

4. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The direction of movement of the horizontal roller shutter (31) is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the vertical roller shutter (41).

5. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first thermal protection structure is provided on the inner walls of the first side wall panel (63) and the second side wall panel (64).

6. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side plate (2) is provided with a smoke exhaust fan (7) for exhausting air from the cabin (6), and the bottom plate (1) is provided with a ventilation fan for supplying air to the cabin (6).

7. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate assembly (5) is provided with a fine water mist nozzle (8) that can be used for flue gas control.

8. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the cabin (6) are covered with a first thermal protection structure, and the gaps in the cabin (6) are sealed with high-temperature resistant adhesive.

9. The multifunctional fire test platform with adjustable spatial dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, One or more observation windows are provided on the top plate assembly (5), and the observation windows are made of quartz glass.

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