A large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna test system and test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a large-scale satellite-borne phased array radar antenna test system and test method, including a coarse adjustment device and a fine adjustment and fixing device, the fine adjustment and fixing device is installed on the top of the coarse adjustment device, and the coarse adjustment device includes a flatbed vehicle mounting surface, a two-layer support frame, four rotating wheels and four vehicle-mounted jacks. Beneficial effects of the present invention: The integrated customized fan system adopted by the present invention in the heat dissipation design completely solves the problem of large heat dissipation, and has a large margin without significantly increasing the cost, and has significant heat dissipation and economic effects; in terms of attitude adjustment, the present invention proposes a method combining coarse adjustment and fine adjustment, which can quickly achieve a wide range of adjustment through coarse adjustment, and minimize the adjustment range of fine adjustment as much as possible, thereby reducing the cost of fine adjustment equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of phased array radar antenna equipment, and in particular relates to a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing system and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, large phased array antennas are linear systems composed of tens of thousands of antenna elements. Each antenna element independently receives or transmits electromagnetic waves. The system individually sets the phase of each element according to its direction, and the linear summation of the antenna elements using different phase settings is the electric field pattern distribution of the phased array antenna. Large spaceborne phased array radar systems amplify the low-power electrical signals output from the communication receiver to form electromagnetic wave signals that are transmitted in a specified direction. They also receive electromagnetic wave signals along a specified direction and amplify them before outputting them to the communication receiver. Therefore, for phased array radar antennas, which play a crucial role in the conversion between electrical and electromagnetic wave signals and in the specified direction conversion process, it is essential to conduct detailed, comprehensive, and accurate electric field pattern measurements before deployment.

[0003] Conventional antenna pattern measurement sites include far-field testing systems, near-field testing systems, and compact field testing systems. Because large spaceborne phased array radar antennas often range from three to five meters to over ten meters in length and nearly one to two meters in width, such a large antenna area results in an extremely heavy weight, sometimes reaching several hundred kilograms. Therefore, during antenna testing, it is often very difficult to align the antenna's normal plane and horizontal plane with the anechoic chamber testing system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a testing system and method for large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antennas, to achieve accurate alignment of large-scale spaceborne phased array antennas with a three-dimensional testing system in various anechoic chambers, including near-field and compact field chambers. This not only solves the industry problems of difficult three-dimensional alignment and limited adjustment range, but also allows the testing fixture to be reused on multiple different phased array antennas after a single production run; it also considers multiple aspects of the testing system, including high efficiency, accuracy, heat dissipation, safety, economy, and versatility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing system, including a coarse adjustment device and a fine adjustment and fixing device. The fine adjustment and fixing device is installed on the top of the coarse adjustment device. The coarse adjustment device includes a flatbed mounting surface, a two-layer support frame, four wheels and four vehicle-mounted jacks. The two-layer support frame is installed at the bottom of the flatbed mounting surface. A wheel is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom of the two-layer support frame, and a vehicle-mounted jack is provided on one side of each wheel.

[0007] Furthermore, the fine-tuning and fixing device includes an X-axis structure, a Y-axis structure, a Z-axis structure, an XoY plane inclined baffle structure, a YoZ plane inclined baffle structure, a fan array structure, a horizontal adjustment slide rail, a horizontal adjustment slide table, a height adjustment slide rail, a height adjustment slide table, and mounting and normal adjustment screws. The Y-axis structure is mounted on the top of the X-axis structure via the XoY plane inclined baffle structure, and the Z-axis structure is mounted on one side of the X-axis structure. The Z-axis structure and the Y-axis structure form a right-angle structure, and the Z-axis structure and the Y-axis structure are connected by the YoZ plane inclined baffle structure. Two horizontal adjustment slide rails are symmetrically mounted on the Y-axis structure along the X-axis. Several horizontal adjustment slide tables are mounted above each horizontal adjustment slide rail. Each horizontal adjustment slide table is equipped with a height adjustment slide rail, and each height adjustment slide rail is equipped with a height adjustment slide table. Each height adjustment slide table is equipped with a mounting and normal adjustment screw. The fan array structure is mounted to the height adjustment slide table via the mounting and normal adjustment screws.

[0008] Furthermore, the second-layer support frame is 0.2m above the ground; the coarse adjustment device is not less than 6-7 meters long and not less than 4-5 meters wide.

[0009] Furthermore, the X-axis structure, Y-axis structure, Z-axis structure, XoY plane inclined baffle structure, and YoZ plane inclined baffle structure all adopt aluminum profile structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the fan array structure is a 6*4 subarray structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting and normal adjustment screw includes a spherical bearing, a height adjustment shaft, and a panel connecting block. One end of the height adjustment shaft is connected to the height adjustment slide via a thread, and the other end of the height adjustment shaft is mounted on the panel connecting block via a spherical bearing. The panel connecting block is connected to the panel of the fan array structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the height adjustment slide is installed on the height adjustment slide rail. The height adjustment slide is divided into two types: high-position active adjustment slide and low-position passive adjustment slide. Two high-position active adjustment slides and two low-position passive adjustment slides complete the installation of a subarray structure. The high-position active adjustment slide adopts the form of a ball screw slide, driven by a handwheel and with a lock, with an adjustment range of about 10cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the horizontal adjustment slide is installed on the horizontal adjustment slide rail. The horizontal adjustment slide is divided into two types: horizontal coarse adjustment slide and horizontal fine adjustment slide. Four sets of horizontal coarse adjustment slides and one set of horizontal fine adjustment slides complete the installation of a subarray structure.

[0014] Furthermore, each subarray structure has a calibration block at each of the four corners.

[0015] Secondly, based on the same concept, the present invention also provides a method for testing a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Equipment Arrival: Transport the test system and phased array antenna into the anechoic chamber and install the antenna onto the test system;

[0017] S2. Establish a field test benchmark: Install a dial indicator with a measuring probe on the field scanning probe, check the tightness after installation, and use this measuring probe as a benchmark to calibrate the attitude of the entire phased array antenna.

[0018] S3. Perform coarse adjustment on the phased array antenna:

[0019] Use the dial indicator scanning frame probe to check the Z reference plane of the four calibration blocks at the four corners of the phased array antenna; initially align the plane of the phased array antenna with the plane of the scanning frame, that is, the distance between the Z reference planes of the upper and lower calibration blocks is within 5mm;

[0020] Use the dial indicator scanning probe to check the Y reference plane of the four calibration blocks at the four corners of the phased array antenna, and adjust the vehicle-mounted jack to bring the Y reference plane at both ends of the phased array antenna to a basic level.

[0021] S4. Fine-tune the phased array antenna:

[0022] S5. Customize and adjust until the adjustment is complete.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, fine-tuning of the phased array antenna is performed, including:

[0024] S41. First, adjust the Z-plane. Use the dial indicator scanning probe to check the Z-reference plane of the four calibration blocks on each subarray structure of the phased array antenna. By adjusting the adjusting nuts of the mounting and normal adjustment screws, change the front and back positions of the calibration blocks along the Z-axis. When all Z-reference planes are adjusted within 0.5mm, the first Z-plane adjustment is completed.

[0025] S42. Next, adjust the Y-plane. Use the dial indicator scanning probe to view the Y-reference plane of the two calibration blocks above and below each subarray structure of the phased array antenna. By adjusting the height adjustment slide, change the up and down position of the calibration blocks along the Y-axis. When all Y-reference planes are adjusted within 0.5mm, the first Y-plane adjustment is completed.

[0026] S43. Repeat steps S41-S42 to ensure that the adjustment error of each calibration surface is within 0.5mm;

[0027] S44. Adjust the horizontal adjustment slide of each subarray to the specified distance according to the spacing requirements between the subarray structures.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing system and method described in this invention have the following advantages:

[0029] (1) The large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing system and testing method described in this invention have the following advantages: The integrated customized fan system used in the heat dissipation design completely solves the problem of large heat dissipation, provides a large margin, and does not significantly increase costs, resulting in significant heat dissipation and economic benefits. Regarding attitude adjustment, this invention proposes a method combining coarse and fine adjustments. Coarse adjustments allow for rapid large-range adjustments while minimizing the adjustment range of fine adjustments, thus reducing the cost of fine adjustment equipment. The large-scale spaceborne phased array radar system developed using this invention is not only more efficient in terms of adjustment range but also eliminates the previous awkward method of requiring more than ten people to lift hundred-kilogram antenna equipment, saving operators considerable effort in completing the adjustment. Furthermore, it offers excellent safety for both operators and equipment.

[0030] (2) The large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna test system and test method described in this invention have the following advantages: In terms of test system storage and transportation, the tooling components selected in this invention, such as aluminum profiles and docking installation devices, are all existing products. They are not only easy to disassemble and convenient for small-space storage and transportation after disassembly, but also easy to reinstall with high precision when reused after disassembly, making them highly applicable. In terms of overall cost, most of the components in this invention are existing high-precision, low-cost products. In terms of versatility, this test system can be used with no or minor modifications between different models of large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antennas, making it highly efficient. This invention has extremely strong versatility in adapting to phased array antennas of different lengths, widths, and subarrays. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna being installed in the test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the exposed fan array as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged diagram of A in the diagram.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Coarse adjustment device; 11. Flatbed carriage mounting surface; 12. Second-layer support frame; 13. Rotary wheel; 2. Fine adjustment and fixing device; 21. X-axis structure; 22. Y-axis structure; 23. Z-axis structure; 24. XoY plane inclined stop structure; 25. YoZ plane inclined stop structure; 26. Fan array structure; 27. Horizontal adjustment slide rail; 28. Horizontal adjustment slide table; 281. Horizontal coarse adjustment slide table; 282. Horizontal fine adjustment slide table; 29. ​​Height adjustment slide rail; 210. Height adjustment slide table; 211. Mounting and normal adjustment screw; 2111. Height adjustment shaft; 2112. Panel connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing system includes a coarse adjustment device 1 and a fine adjustment and fixing device 2. The fine adjustment and fixing device 2 is mounted on the top of the coarse adjustment device 1. The coarse adjustment device 1 includes a flatbed mounting surface 11, a two-layer support frame 12, four large rotating wheels 13, and four vehicle-mounted jacks. The fine adjustment and fixing device 2 includes an X-axis structure 21, a Y-axis structure 22, a Z-axis structure 23, an XoY plane inclined block structure 24, a YoZ plane inclined block structure 25, a fan array structure 26, a horizontal adjustment slide rail 27, a horizontal adjustment slide table 28, a height adjustment slide rail 29, a height adjustment slide table 210, and mounting and normal adjustment screws 211.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the testing fixture for the phased array antenna mainly consists of a coarse adjustment device 1 and a fine adjustment and fixing device 2. The coarse adjustment device 1 is a large flatbed vehicle with a settable length, width, and height of 0.5m. The coarse adjustment device 1 consists of a flatbed vehicle mounting surface 11, a two-layer support frame 12, four large rotating wheels 13, and four vehicle-mounted jacks. The two-layer support frame 12 is 0.2m above the ground, and its function is to support the flatbed vehicle at any position along the edge of the bottom of the mounting surface 11 using standard vehicle-mounted jacks. Typically, one vehicle-mounted jack is placed at each of the four corners. This design has two purposes: first, to support the coarse adjustment device 1 after the position is determined to prevent slippage during testing; second, to allow for significant rotation along the X-axis and Z-axis when the antenna plane is aligned with the standard plane of the anechoic chamber.

[0045] Rotation along the X-axis and Z-axis here is of great significance. Because large spaceborne phased array antennas have large array surfaces, they require high ground flatness. Many surfaces that appear flat in conventional systems are uneven in large spaceborne phased array testing systems, and infinitely increasing the ground flatness is impractical in engineering. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the fine-tuning and fixing device 2 enables precise adjustments to multiple array surfaces. However, its adjustment range is limited, rendering it ineffective when the ground is uneven. For example, if the ground is uneven, with the +y side of the phased array antenna positioned further back and the -y side further forward, even using its full adjustment margin, the fine-tuning and fixing device 2 may not be able to align the +y and -y sides vertically. Therefore, by increasing the range of the two rear vehicle-mounted jacks together, a wider range of adjustments can be achieved. Similarly, when the ground is uneven horizontally, adjusting the two left-hand or right-hand vehicle-mounted jacks can align the +x and -x sides of the phased array antenna horizontally.

[0046] Because the coarse adjustment device 1 is at least 6-7 meters long and 4-5 meters wide, the four vehicle-mounted jacks can achieve a wide range of rotation along the X-axis and Z-axis, estimated to be no less than 20°. At the same time, the coarse adjustment device 1 has a large self-weight, and the flatbed mounting surface 11 has a sufficiently large free area to increase the counterweight. Therefore, even after a wide range of rotation, there is no need to worry about tilting and falling, i.e., "tipping over".

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the fine-tuning and fixing device 2 consists of an X-axis structure 21, a Y-axis structure 22, a Z-axis structure 23, an XoY plane inclined block structure 24, a YoZ plane inclined block structure 25, a fan array structure 26, a horizontal adjustment slide rail 27, a horizontal adjustment slide table 28, a height adjustment slide rail 29, a height adjustment slide table 210, and mounting and normal adjustment screws 211.

[0048] The bases and supporting fixtures mentioned in X-axis structure 21, Y-axis structure 22, Z-axis structure 23, XoY plane inclined stop structure 24, and YoZ plane inclined stop structure 25 all use aluminum profile structures. The installation and fixing between them utilizes existing fixed-angle products, eliminating the need for redesign and processing, resulting in low cost and high precision. Furthermore, if the length and width of the new phased array radar antenna product increase, only partial additions to the existing bases and supporting fixtures are needed, preventing material waste.

[0049] When testing large spaceborne phased array radar antennas on the ground, the lack of a vacuum environment for heat dissipation makes the thermal design of the testing system a critical aspect. The fan array structure 26 employs a custom-designed fan procurement approach. Figure 4 As shown, each row of 6 fans forms a group, with 4 groups installed in each subarray. Each subarray uses a speed controller to control 24 fans. By accurately calculating the heat dissipation and allowing sufficient heat dissipation margin, large spaceborne phased array antennas can be safely and stably tested in an anechoic chamber.

[0050] The horizontal adjustment slide rail 27, horizontal adjustment slide table 28, height adjustment slide rail 29, height adjustment slide table 210, and mounting and normal adjustment screws 211 are fine-tuning fixtures. Generally, large phased array radar antennas have multiple subarrays (e.g., three in this example). Each subarray is mounted on the fine-tuning and fixing device 2 using four mounting and normal adjustment screws 211. The mounting and normal adjustment screws 211 are fixed to the height adjustment slide table 210, achieving adjustment of the normal Z-axis. Each mounting and normal adjustment screw 211 consists of one spherical bearing and one height adjustment shaft, as shown... Figure 5As shown. The mounting and normal adjustment screws 211 are connected to the height adjustment slide 210 via threads. Changing the depth of the screw connection achieves the height change of the panel, with an adjustment range of approximately 20mm along the Z-axis. The four mounting and normal adjustment screws 211 position the phased array subarray along the Z-axis, ensuring that the plane of the phased array subarray is parallel to the plane of the scanning frame.

[0051] The height adjustment slide 210 is mounted on the height adjustment slide rail 29. The height adjustment slide 210 is divided into two types: active adjustment slides and passive adjustment slides. A subarray is equipped with four height adjustment slides 210 (two active at the high position + two passive at the low position) to achieve height adjustment. The active adjustment slide at the high position uses a ball screw slide, is handwheel driven and locked, and has an adjustment range of approximately 10cm. Figure 1 As shown. The four height-adjusting slides 210 installed in the subarray are used to adjust the horizontal direction of the subarray. Once adjusted to the correct position, the slides are locked. Simultaneously, if the heights of multiple subarrays are inconsistent, the height-adjusting slides of each subarray are adjusted together to achieve uniformity.

[0052] The horizontal adjustment slide 28 is mounted on the horizontal adjustment slide rail 27. The horizontal adjustment slide 28 enables horizontal movement adjustment and has a locking mechanism. It consists of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment parts. A subarray of horizontal adjustment slides 28 comprises four sets of coarse adjustment slides 281 and one set of fine adjustment slides 282, as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The horizontal fine-tuning slide 282 is as follows. Figure 5 As shown. Generally, the horizontal and vertical slides of a subarray need to be adjusted together. Adjusting the slide in the vertical direction also requires adjustment in the horizontal direction. The distance between subarrays is adjusted individually using the horizontal slide.

[0053] The above is an introduction to the antenna test fixture design. Next, we will introduce the phased array antenna structure design. To achieve precise geometric measurement in the anechoic chamber, each subarray structure has a standard "calibration block" at each of the four corners. The reference surface of this standard block is machined after the active mounting plate is formed, ensuring good flatness. The three faces in the magnified view of the "calibration block" can be set to represent the X, Y, and Z reference planes of the "calibration block." All three reference planes of the "calibration block" must be machined in a single clamping state with the active plate to ensure that the flatness of each reference plane meets the requirements. The subarray also has mounting lugs, and each subarray is mounted on mounting and normal adjustment screws 211 via four mounting lugs.

[0054] A testing method for a large spaceborne phased array radar antenna includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Equipment arrives on site;

[0056] S2. Establish site testing benchmarks;

[0057] S3. Conduct a preliminary adjustment;

[0058] S4. Conduct fine-tuning;

[0059] S5, Customized Adjustment.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a testing method for a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna specifically includes:

[0061] (1) Equipment Arrival. The tooling equipment, large spaceborne radar phased array antenna, etc., are transported into the anechoic chamber. The antenna is then installed onto the tooling, possessing the necessary features. Figure 2 The state shown.

[0062] (2) Establish a site test benchmark. Install a dial indicator with a measuring probe on the site scanning probe. After installation, check the tightness. It must be installed firmly without any slight shaking. The attitude of the entire antenna will be calibrated based on this measuring probe.

[0063] (3) Conduct coarse adjustment. (a) Use the dial indicator scanning probe to check the "Z reference plane" of the four "calibration blocks" at the four corners of the phased array antenna and adjust them. Figure 2 (a) Using the +Z and -Z jacks, initially align the antenna plane with the scanning frame plane (i.e., the vertical plane), ensuring the distance between the Z reference planes of the upper and lower calibration blocks is within 5mm. (b) Based on the previous step, use the dial indicator scanning frame probe to check the Y reference planes of the four "calibration blocks" at the four corners of the phased array antenna and adjust accordingly. Figure 2 Use two jacks (+X) and two jacks (-X) to bring the Y-reference plane at both ends of the antenna to a near-horizontal level, meaning that the Y-reference plane at the same position on both sides is within 50mm.

[0064] (4) Fine-tuning. (a) First, adjust the Z-plane. Use the dial gauge scanning probe to check the Z-reference plane of the four "calibration blocks" on each subarray of the phased array antenna. Adjust the Z-plane accordingly. Figure 5 Adjusting the nuts on the 211 device, change the position of the calibration blocks (i.e., the four corners of the antenna subarray) along the Z-axis until all "Z reference planes" are within 0.5mm, completing the first Z-plane adjustment. (b) Next, adjust the Y-plane. Use the dial indicator scanning probe to view the "Y reference plane" of the two "calibration blocks" above and below each subarray of the phased array antenna, and adjust accordingly. Figure 5The height adjustment slide 210 is used to change the vertical position of the calibration block (i.e., the antenna subarray) along the Y-axis. When all "Y reference planes" are adjusted within 0.5mm, the first Y-plane adjustment is completed. After adjustment, the Y-axis is locked. (c) After the above two-dimensional adjustments, the various planes of the antenna subarray are basically consistent. To be on the safe side, another round of Z-plane adjustment and another round of X-plane adjustment are carried out to ensure that the adjustment error of each calibration plane is within 0.5mm. (d) According to the spacing requirements between subarrays, the horizontal adjustment slide 28 of each subarray is adjusted to the specified distance. After adjustment, the Y-axis is locked.

[0065] (5) Customized adjustment. In reality, the subarrays of a large spaceborne phased array radar are connected by a deployment mechanism. However, the actual repeated deployment angle of the deployment mechanism may not be 180°. Therefore, based on the repeated deployment accuracy data obtained from the test, the detailed front and rear positions of the upper and lower Z-axis devices of the subarray are calculated, and further customized adjustments are carried out until the adjustment is completed.

[0066] In terms of heat dissipation design, this invention addresses the issue that ground-based radar antennas often incorporate liquid or air cooling systems. In contrast, large spaceborne phased array radar antennas rely entirely on thermal radiation in space. Like ground-based phased array radars, large spaceborne phased array radars generate significant heat, necessitating thorough consideration of heat dissipation in ground-based testing systems. The integrated, customized fan system employed in this invention completely solves the problem of high heat dissipation with ample margin, without significantly increasing costs, resulting in remarkable heat dissipation and economic benefits.

[0067] In terms of attitude adjustment, this invention addresses the challenges of adjusting large spaceborne phased array radar antennas, which often weigh hundreds of kilograms. It innovatively proposes a method combining coarse and fine adjustments. Coarse adjustments allow for rapid, wide-range adjustments while minimizing the range of fine adjustments, thus reducing the cost of fine-tuning equipment. Large spaceborne phased array radar systems using this invention are not only more efficient in terms of adjustment range but also eliminate the previous cumbersome method of requiring more than ten people to lift hundreds-kilogram antennas, significantly reducing operator effort. For example, in fine-tuning the Z-plane adjustment, only one tester is needed. Based on measurements from the scanning frame's micrometer, a ratchet wrench is used to adjust the installation and normal adjustment screws 211, allowing the antenna to move forward or backward to the designated position – a simple and efficient process. Furthermore, it offers excellent safety for both operators and the equipment.

[0068] In terms of test system storage and transportation, this invention addresses the issue that large spaceborne phased array antennas often have a large area, making their test systems unavoidably large. The tooling components selected in this invention, such as aluminum profiles and docking installation devices, are all existing products. These not only facilitate disassembly and storage and transportation in small spaces after disassembly, but also allow for easy and precise reinstallation when reused, demonstrating strong applicability.

[0069] In terms of overall cost, most components in this invention are purchased from existing high-precision, low-cost products, such as aluminum profiles, high-precision mounting screws, adjusting slides, and fans. If some components are damaged during use, or lost during disassembly and reconstruction, they can be easily replaced at low cost, and the invention is highly maintainable.

[0070] In terms of versatility, this invention's testing system can be used with minimal or no modifications for different types of large spaceborne phased array radar antennas, resulting in extremely high efficiency. For example, increasing the length of the height adjustment slide rail 29 allows for testing of antennas 1m-2m wide, and expanding the X-axis structure 21 and the horizontal adjustment slide rail 27, for example, to 10m, enables compatible installation of antennas 10m in length and below. Furthermore, simply increasing the number of adjustment slides allows for testing of multiple subarrays. Therefore, this invention demonstrates extremely high versatility in adapting to phased array antennas of different lengths, widths, and subarrays.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna test method, implemented by a large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna test system, characterized in that: A large-scale satellite-borne phased array radar antenna test system comprises a coarse adjustment device (1) and a fine adjustment and fixing device (2), wherein the fine adjustment and fixing device (2) is installed on the top of the coarse adjustment device (1), and the coarse adjustment device (1) comprises a flatbed vehicle mounting surface (11), a two-layer support frame (12), four rotating wheels (13) and four vehicle-mounted jacks, wherein the two-layer support frame (12) is installed at the bottom of the flatbed vehicle mounting surface (11), and a rotating wheel (13) is respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the two-layer support frame (12), and a vehicle-mounted jack is arranged on one side of each rotating wheel (13); The fine adjustment and fixing device (2) comprises an X-axis structure (21), a Y-axis structure (22), a Z-axis structure (23), an XoY surface oblique stop structure (24), a YoZ surface oblique stop structure (25), a fan array structure (26), a horizontal adjustment slide rail (27), a horizontal adjustment slide table (28), a height adjustment slide rail (29), a height adjustment slide table (210) and a mounting and normal adjustment screw (211); the top of the X-axis structure (21) is mounted with the Y-axis structure (22) via the XoY surface oblique stop structure (24); the Z-axis structure (23) is mounted on one side of the X-axis structure (21); the Z-axis structure (23) and the Y-axis structure (22) form a right-angle structure, and the Z-axis structure (23) and the Y-axis structure (22) form a right-angle structure. The fan array structure (26) is connected to the Y-axis structure (23) and the Y-axis structure (22) by a YoZ-surface oblique stop structure (25); two horizontal adjustment slide rails (27) are symmetrically installed on the Y-axis structure (22) in the X-axis direction; a plurality of horizontal adjustment slide tables (28) are installed above each of the horizontal adjustment slide rails (27); a height adjustment slide rail (29) is installed above each of the horizontal adjustment slide tables (28); a height adjustment slide table (210) is installed above each of the height adjustment slide rails (29); a mounting and normal adjustment screw (211) is installed above each of the height adjustment slide tables (210); and the fan array structure (26) is mounted to the height adjustment slide table (210) by means of the mounting and normal adjustment screws (211); The fan array structure (26) is a 6×4 structure; Each row of 6 fans forms a group, each sub-array is equipped with 4 groups, and each sub-array uses a speed regulator to control 24 fans; The height adjustment slide (210) is installed on the height adjustment slide rail (29). The height adjustment slide (210) is divided into two types: a high-position active adjustment slide and a low-position driven adjustment slide. Two high-position active adjustment slides and two low-position driven adjustment slides complete the installation of a sub-array structure. The high-position active adjustment slide adopts a ball screw slide, which is hand-wheel driven and locked, and has an adjustment range of 10 cm. The horizontal adjustment slide (28) is installed on the horizontal adjustment slide rail (27). The horizontal adjustment slide (28) is divided into two types: a horizontal coarse adjustment slide (281) and a horizontal fine adjustment slide (282). Four groups of horizontal coarse adjustment slides (281) and one group of horizontal fine adjustment slides (282) complete the installation of a sub-array structure. In each sub-array structure, there is a calibration block at the four corners; The test method includes the following steps: S1. Equipment entry: transport the test system and phased array antenna into the darkroom, and install the antenna on the test system; S2. Establish a site test benchmark: Install a dial indicator with a measuring probe on the site scanning probe, check the fastening status after installation, and calibrate the attitude of the entire phased array antenna using this measuring probe as a benchmark; S3. Coarsely adjust the phased array antenna: Use the micrometer scanning frame probe to check the Z reference planes of the four calibration blocks at the four corners of the phased array antenna; initially make the phased array antenna plane parallel to the scanning frame plane, that is, the distance between the Z reference planes of the upper and lower calibration blocks is within 5mm; Use the dial indicator scanning stand probe to check the Y reference planes of the four calibration blocks at the four corners of the phased array antenna, and adjust the vehicle-mounted jack to adjust the Y reference planes at both ends of the phased array antenna to a basic level; S4. Fine-tune the phased array antenna: S5, customize and adjust until the adjustment is completed; In step S4, fine tuning is performed on the phased array antenna, including: S41, first adjust the Z plane, use the dial indicator scanning stand probe to check the Z reference plane of the four calibration blocks on each sub-array structure of the phased array antenna, and change the front and rear positions of the calibration blocks along the Z axis by adjusting the adjustment nuts of the mounting and normal adjustment screws (211). When all Z reference planes are adjusted within 0.5 mm, the first Z plane adjustment is completed; S42, then adjust the Y plane, use the micrometer scanning stand probe to check the Y reference planes of the two calibration blocks above and below each sub-array structure of the phased array antenna, and change the upper and lower positions of the calibration blocks along the Y axis by adjusting the height adjustment slide (210). When all Y reference planes are adjusted within 0.5 mm, the first Y plane adjustment is completed; S43, repeating steps S41 and S42 to ensure that the adjustment error of each calibration surface is within 0.5 mm; S44, adjusting the horizontal adjustment slide (28) of each sub-array to a specified distance according to the spacing requirements between the sub-array structures.

2. A large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second-layer support frame (12) is 0.2 m above the ground.

3. The large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axial structure (21), the Y-axial structure (22), the Z-axial structure (23), the XoY surface oblique stop structure (24), and the YoZ surface oblique stop structure (25) are all made of aluminum profile structures.

4. The large-scale spaceborne phased array radar antenna testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation and normal adjustment screw (211) comprises a joint bearing, a height adjustment shaft (2111) and a panel connection block (2112); one end of the height adjustment shaft (2111) is connected to the height adjustment slide (210) via a thread; the other end of the height adjustment shaft (2111) is installed on the panel connection block (2112) via a joint bearing; and the panel connection block (2112) is connected to the panel of the fan array structure (26).

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