A device and method for preventing patient aggression and extubation in post-operative delirium

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for preventing postoperative delirium patients from attacking and unplugging, and relates to the technical field of medical equipment; the device comprises a protection mechanism, one end of the protection mechanism is fixedly connected with a matched restraint mechanism on the outer side, the inner side of the protection mechanism is provided with a matched fixing mechanism, and the inner cavity side of the protection mechanism close to the restraint mechanism is provided with a matched anti-grabbing mechanism; the matched use of the protection mechanism and the fixing mechanism can conveniently sleeve and fix the device for preventing postoperative delirium patients from attacking and unplugging on the forearm of the patient, and the device can be stably fixed on the forearms of different patients and guarantee the clamping comfort, thereby effectively improving the practicality and comfort of the device for preventing postoperative delirium patients from attacking and unplugging; the matched use of the restraint mechanism can guarantee the normal movement of the forearm of the patient during the period when the patient is not ill, and the activity of the patient is not limited, thereby being beneficial to the acceptance of the patient and family members, and further avoiding the stimulation of the patient to induce aggressive behavior.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a device and method for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation. Background Technology

[0002] Postoperative delirium is an acute brain dysfunction syndrome caused by various factors. Clinically, it is characterized by acute, transient, and widespread cognitive impairment, with impaired consciousness being particularly prominent. It usually occurs 1-3 days after surgery and can be classified into three types: activity-inhibitory, activity-hyperactive, and mixed.

[0003] To ensure patients receive proper treatment, limb restraint belts are typically used. However, existing limb restraint belts provide continuous restraint and can impair hand function after limb restraint. During the intermittent period, patients are conscious and relatively cooperative, and continuous restraint is unacceptable to both patients and their families. Furthermore, delirium can occur suddenly, making it impossible for caregivers to prevent it in advance. This makes it difficult to effectively prevent injuries and extubation. In addition, when patients become agitated, the existing restraint belts tighten around the limbs, affecting blood circulation and causing discomfort that leads to struggling, which exacerbates the delirium.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the inventors have proposed a device and method for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing limb restraint straps, such as continuous restraint affecting hand function after limb restraint, the sudden onset of delirium leading to injury and extubation, and discomfort caused by the tight binding of limbs when patients become agitated, the present invention aims to provide a device and method for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and tube removal, including a protective mechanism, a restraint mechanism fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the protective mechanism, and a fixing mechanism for use on the inner side of the protective mechanism. A scratch-proof mechanism for use is provided on the inner side of the protective mechanism near the restraint mechanism. The cooperation of the protective mechanism and the fixing mechanism enables the device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and tube removal to be conveniently fitted and fixed on the patient's forearm. The restraint mechanism ensures the normal movement of the patient's forearm when the patient is not experiencing an attack and restricts the movement of the patient's forearm when the patient suddenly experiences an attack. The scratch-proof mechanism completely covers the patient's hand when the patient suddenly experiences an attack.

[0007] Preferably, the protective mechanism includes a first protective housing and a second protective housing, which are rotatably connected. One end of the first protective housing is integrally formed with symmetrically arranged limiting blocks, and each limiting block has a matching mounting groove and a sliding through hole. A limiting rod is slidably inserted into the sliding through hole, and a limiting collar is fixedly sleeved on the end of the limiting rod away from the limiting block. The outer wall of the limiting collar has matching anti-slip grooves arranged in an array. The side of the limiting collar closest to the limiting block is fixedly connected to... A limit spring is connected, which is movably sleeved on the limit rod, and the end of the limit spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove. One end of the second protective housing has symmetrically distributed limit grooves, and the inner wall of the limit grooves has matching limit holes. The limit block can be movably locked in the limit groove, and the limit rod can be slidably inserted into the limit hole. The side of the first protective housing away from the limit block has symmetrically arranged connecting grooves, and a connecting shaft is rotatably inserted into the connecting groove. The second protective housing is located away from the limit groove. One side of the housing has symmetrically distributed connecting rotating blocks integrally formed, and the connecting rotating blocks are rotatably sleeved on the connecting rotating shaft. The fixing mechanism includes a rotating insert shaft and an arc-shaped fixing plate. The second protective housing has mirror-distributed mounting holes through it, and symmetrically arranged rotating insert holes are opened in the mounting holes. The rotating insert shaft is rotatably inserted into the rotating insert hole, and an adjusting screw is fixedly connected between adjacent rotating insert shafts. An adjusting screw is threaded into the adjusting screw, and an adjusting rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the end of the adjusting screw. An adjusting wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the adjusting screw. An adjusting rocker arm is rotatably inserted into the rotary wheel. A U-shaped connecting block is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting shaft. An arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected to one side of the two U-shaped connecting blocks. A first high-density sponge pad is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate. An arc-shaped fixing plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first protective shell. A second high-density sponge pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped fixing plate. Symmetrically arranged side connecting rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first protective shell. The arc-shaped fixing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the side connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the constraint mechanism includes a constraint outer cylinder, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first protective shell. The constraint outer cylinder has a first constraint inner groove, a second constraint inner groove, and a third constraint inner groove inside, all of which cooperate with the constraint. A constraint rotating rod is rotatably connected to the constraint outer cylinder and the first protective shell. A constraint strap and a constraint coil spring are wound around the constraint rotating rod. The constraint strap is movably engaged in the first constraint inner groove, and its lead-out end, which is wound around the constraint rotating rod, slides through the constraint outer cylinder. The constraint coil spring is movably engaged in the second constraint inner groove, and its lead-out end, which is wound around the constraint rotating rod, is connected to the first constraint inner groove. The inner wall of the second constraint inner groove is fixedly connected. A constraint ratchet is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the third constraint inner groove. A constraint wheel is fixedly sleeved at the end of the constraint rod. An array of constraint ratchet teeth is rotatably installed on one side of the constraint wheel. The constraint ratchet teeth can mesh with the constraint ratchet. A constraint spring is fixedly connected to one end of the constraint ratchet. A fixed connecting block is fixedly connected to the end of the constraint spring. The fixed connecting block is fixedly connected to the constraint wheel. An array of rotating inserts is fixedly inserted into the constraint wheel. A rotating through hole is opened at the end of the constraint ratchet teeth away from the constraint spring. The rotating inserts are rotatably inserted into the rotating through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-scratching mechanism includes an arc-shaped mounting plate, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first protective housing near the end of the constraint outer cylinder. The arc-shaped mounting plate has mirror-distributed fixing holes through it. Sliding guide rods are fixedly inserted into the fixing holes, and anti-scratching baffles are slidably sleeved on the two sliding guide rods. A drive spring is movably sleeved on the sliding guide rod, and both ends of the drive spring are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped mounting plate and the anti-scratching baffles, respectively. A limit link is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the anti-scratching baffle near the drive spring, and an elastic link is fixedly connected to the end of the limit link. A matching limit collar is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic link. One end of the constraint rotating rod has a matching misaligned bevel and a limit ring groove, and the limit collar can be movably locked in the limit ring groove.

[0010] A method for using a device to prevent postoperative delirium attacks and extubation includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Hold the first protective shell and the second protective shell and rotate them until they open to a suitable angle. Then, pull the two limiting collars simultaneously, which will move the corresponding limiting rod and pull the corresponding limiting spring until the distance between the limiting collar and the limiting block is at its maximum. Then, stop pulling the limiting collars. Next, put the first and second protective shells on the patient's forearm and reverse them. When the first and second protective shells are reset and closed, the limiting block will be inserted into the corresponding limiting groove. At this time, release the two limiting collars. Then, the limiting spring will move the corresponding limiting collar to reset, which will move the corresponding limiting rod to reset, allowing the limiting rod to be inserted into the corresponding limiting hole.

[0012] Step 2: Rotate the two adjustment levers in sequence to drive the corresponding adjustment wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the corresponding adjustment screw to rotate. This, in conjunction with the corresponding adjustment screw, rotating insert, adjustment shaft and U-shaped connecting block, moves the arc-shaped clamping plate on the corresponding side closer to the patient's forearm until both ends of the patient's forearm are fixed between the first high-density sponge pad and the second high-density sponge pad.

[0013] Step 3: Fix the end of the restraint strap to the bed rail. When the patient is not experiencing symptoms, when the patient moves their forearm, it will cause the corresponding first and second protective shells to move, thereby pulling the restraint lever to rotate slowly through the restraint strap. This allows the restraint strap to gradually unwind and twist the restraint coil spring, which in turn drives the restraint wheel to rotate slowly. At the same time, the limiting collar will slide slowly along the limiting ring groove. When the patient's forearm returns to its original position, the restraint coil spring will drive the restraint lever to reverse, thereby allowing the restraint strap to be rolled up again.

[0014] Step four: When the patient suddenly falls ill, the forearm will drive the corresponding first and second protective shells to move rapidly. This will cause the restraint straps to pull the restraint lever to rotate rapidly, allowing the restraint straps to unwind quickly and twist the restraint spring. This, in turn, will drive the restraint wheel to rotate rapidly, further driving the restraint ratchet to rotate rapidly. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, the restraint ratchet will rotate, stretching the corresponding restraint spring and engaging the restraint ratchet with the restraint ratchet wheel. This will restrict the rotation of the restraint wheel, thereby restricting the unwinding of the restraint straps through the restraint lever. The use of the first and second protective shells will restrict the movement of the patient's forearm. During this process, the restraint lever will drive the limiting ring groove to rotate rapidly, which, in conjunction with the use of the offset angle, will cause the limiting collar to separate from the limiting ring groove. At this time, the two drive springs will push the anti-scratch baffle away from the arc. The installation plate moves to one side, which in turn moves the elastic link and the limiting collar through the limiting link, causing the elastic link to deform. When the limiting collar and the constraint rotating rod are completely separated, the elastic link will automatically reset, and the anti-scratch baffle will continue to move away from the arc-shaped installation plate until the distance between the anti-scratch baffle and the arc-shaped installation plate is maximized. At this time, the anti-scratch baffle can completely cover the patient's hand, thereby preventing the patient from grabbing pipes and objects and preventing damage to the patient's hand. In addition, when the patient's condition is controlled and the forearm is reset, the constraint coil spring will drive the constraint rotating rod to reverse, thereby rewinding the constraint strap. The constraint ratchet will separate from the constraint ratchet and reverse to reset under the action of the corresponding constraint spring. Then, the anti-scratch baffle is gradually pushed into the first protective housing, thereby squeezing the drive spring again and causing the limiting collar to be locked in the misaligned angle again.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. By using the protective mechanism and the fixation mechanism together, the device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation can be conveniently fitted and fixed on the patient's forearm. It can be stably fixed on the forearm of different patients and ensure clamping comfort, thereby effectively improving the practicality and comfort of the device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation.

[0017] 2. The restraint mechanism ensures normal forearm movement during periods when the patient is not experiencing an attack, allowing for unrestricted activity and facilitating acceptance by the patient and their family. This helps prevent the stimulation of the patient and avoids triggering aggressive behavior. Furthermore, when the patient suddenly experiences an attack and moves their forearm rapidly, the restraint ratchet engages with the restraint ratchet wheel, restricting the rotation of the restraint wheel. This, in turn, restricts the unwinding of the restraint straps via the restraint lever. The use of the first and second protective shells further restricts the patient's forearm movement, limiting their range of motion and preventing them from attacking others.

[0018] 3. By using the anti-scratch mechanism, when a patient suddenly falls ill and moves their forearm quickly, the limiting collar and the limiting ring groove will separate, and the anti-scratch baffle will move away from the arc-shaped mounting plate. This will completely cover the patient's hand, thus preventing the patient from grabbing pipes and objects and avoiding damage to the patient's hand. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the constraint mechanism in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-scratch mechanism installation in this invention.

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point E in the middle.

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point F.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the constraint coil spring in this invention.

[0030] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point G.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Protective mechanism; 11. First protective shell; 12. Second protective shell; 13. Limiting block; 14. Mounting groove; 15. Sliding through hole; 16. Limiting rod; 17. Limiting collar; 18. Anti-slip groove; 19. Limiting spring; 110. Limiting groove; 111. Limiting insertion hole; 112. Connecting groove; 113. Connecting shaft; 114. Connecting block; 115. Mounting through hole; 116. Rotating insertion hole; 2. Constraint mechanism; 21. Constraint outer cylinder; 22. First constraint inner groove; 23. Second constraint inner groove; 24. Third constraint inner groove; 25. Constraint rotating rod; 26. Constraint strap; 27. Constraint coil spring; 28. Constraint ratchet; 29. ​​Constraint rotating wheel; 210. Constraint ratchet tooth 211. Constraint spring; 212. Fixed connecting block; 213. Rotating insert rod; 214. Rotating through hole; 215. Offset angle; 216. Limiting ring groove; 3. Fixing mechanism; 31. Rotating insert shaft; 32. Arc-shaped fixing plate; 33. Adjusting screw cylinder; 34. Adjusting screw; 35. Adjusting rotating shaft; 36. U-shaped connecting block; 37. Arc-shaped clamping plate; 38. First high-density sponge pad; 39. Second high-density sponge pad; 310. Adjusting rotating wheel; 311. Adjusting rocker arm; 312. Side connecting rod; 4. Anti-scratching mechanism; 41. Arc-shaped mounting plate; 42. Fixed insert hole; 43. Sliding guide rod; 44. Anti-scratching baffle; 45. Drive spring; 46. Limiting connecting rod; 47. Elastic connecting rod; 48. Limiting collar. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example: Figure 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a device for preventing attacks and extubation in patients with postoperative delirium, including a protective mechanism 1. A restraint mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the protective mechanism 1, and a fixing mechanism 3 is provided on the inner side of the protective mechanism 1. An anti-scratching mechanism 4 is provided on the inner side of the protective mechanism 1 near the restraint mechanism 2. The cooperation of the protective mechanism 1 and the fixing mechanism 3 allows the device for preventing attacks and extubation in patients with postoperative delirium to be easily fitted and fixed on the patient's forearm. The restraint mechanism 2 ensures normal movement of the patient's forearm when the patient is not experiencing an attack and restricts the movement of the patient's forearm when the patient suddenly experiences an attack. The anti-scratching mechanism 4 completely covers the patient's hand when the patient suddenly experiences an attack.

[0034] The protective mechanism 1 includes a first protective housing 11 and a second protective housing 12, which are rotatably connected. One end of the first protective housing 11 is integrally formed with symmetrically arranged limiting blocks 13. Each limiting block 13 has a matching mounting groove 14 and a sliding through hole 15. A limiting rod 16 is slidably inserted into the sliding through hole 15. A limiting collar 17 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the limiting rod 16 away from the limiting block 13. The outer wall of the limiting collar 17 has matching anti-slip grooves 18 arranged in an array. A limiting spring 19 is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting collar 17 closest to the limiting block 13. The limiting spring 19 is movably sleeved on the limiting rod 16 and limits its movement. The end of spring 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of mounting groove 14. One end of the second protective housing 12 is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves 110, and the inner wall of the limiting grooves 110 is provided with matching limiting holes 111. The limiting block 13 can be movably locked in the limiting groove 110, and the limiting rod 16 can be slidably inserted in the limiting hole 111. The side of the first protective housing 11 away from the limiting block 13 is provided with symmetrically arranged connecting grooves 112, and a connecting shaft 113 is rotatably inserted into the connecting grooves 112. The side of the second protective housing 12 away from the limiting grooves 110 is integrally formed with symmetrically distributed connecting rotating blocks 114, and the connecting rotating blocks 114 are rotatably sleeved on the connecting shaft 113. 12. The cooperation between the connecting shaft 113 and the connecting block 114 ensures the stable rotation of the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12. The fixing mechanism 3 includes a rotating insert shaft 31 and an arc-shaped fixing plate 32. The second protective housing 12 has mirror-distributed mounting holes 115, and symmetrically arranged rotating insert holes 116 are formed in the mounting holes 115. The rotating insert shaft 31 is rotatably inserted into the rotating insert hole 116, and an adjusting screw 33 is fixedly connected between adjacent rotating insert shafts 31. An adjusting screw 34 is threaded into the adjusting screw 33, and an adjusting shaft 35 is rotatably inserted into the end of the adjusting screw 34. An adjusting wheel 310 is fixedly connected to the end of the adjusting screw 34, and the adjusting wheel 310 rotates on the adjusting wheel 310. An adjusting rocker arm 311 is inserted for use. The use of the adjusting wheel 310 and the adjusting rocker arm 311 ensures the convenient rotation of the adjusting screw 34. A U-shaped connecting block 36 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting shaft 35. An arc-shaped clamping plate 37 is fixedly connected to one side of the two U-shaped connecting blocks 36. A first high-density sponge pad 38 for use is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate 37. An arc-shaped fixing plate 32 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first protective shell 11. A second high-density sponge pad 39 for use is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped fixing plate 32. A symmetrically arranged side connecting rod 312 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first protective shell 11. The arc-shaped fixing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the side connecting rod 312.

[0035] By employing the above technical solution, the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 are held and rotated until a suitable angle is opened between them. Then, the two limiting collars 17 are pulled simultaneously, thereby moving the corresponding limiting rods 16 and pulling the corresponding limiting springs 19 until the distance between the limiting collars 17 and the limiting blocks 13 reaches its maximum. Afterwards, the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 are placed on the patient's forearm and reversed. When the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 return to their original closed position, the limiting block 13 will insert into the corresponding limiting groove 11. Within 0, the two limiting collars 17 are released, and the limiting spring 19 will drive the corresponding limiting collar 17 to reset, thereby driving the corresponding limiting rod 16 to reset, and then allowing the limiting rod 16 to be inserted into the corresponding limiting hole 111. Then, the two adjusting rockers 311 are rotated in sequence, thereby driving the corresponding adjusting wheel 310 to rotate, and then driving the corresponding adjusting screw 34 to rotate. This, in conjunction with the use of the corresponding adjusting screw 33, rotating insert shaft 31, adjusting shaft 35 and U-shaped connecting block 36, drives the arc-shaped clamping plate 37 on the corresponding side to move closer to the patient's forearm, until both ends of the patient's forearm are fixed between the first high-density sponge pad 38 and the second high-density sponge pad 39.

[0036] The constraint mechanism 2 includes a constraint outer cylinder 21, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first protective shell 11. The constraint outer cylinder 21 has a first constraint inner groove 22, a second constraint inner groove 23, and a third constraint inner groove 24 for cooperation. A constraint rotating rod 25 is rotatably inserted into the constraint outer cylinder 21 and the first protective shell 11. A constraint strap 26 and a constraint coil spring 27 are wound around the constraint rotating rod 25 for cooperation. The constraint strap 26 is movably engaged in the first constraint inner groove 22, and its lead-out end, which is wound around the constraint rotating rod 25, slides through the constraint outer cylinder 21. The constraint coil spring 27 is movably engaged in the second constraint inner groove 23, and its lead-out end, which is wound around the constraint rotating rod 25, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second constraint inner groove 23. One side of the inner cavity of the third constraint inner groove 24... A constraint ratchet 28 is fixedly connected, and a constraint wheel 29 is fixedly sleeved at the end of the constraint lever 25. An array of constraint ratchet teeth 210 is rotatably mounted on one side of the constraint wheel 29, and the constraint ratchet teeth 210 can mesh with the constraint ratchet 28. A constraint spring 211 is fixedly connected to one end of the constraint ratchet 28, and a fixed connecting block 212 is fixedly connected to the end of the constraint spring 211. The fixed connecting block 212 is fixedly connected to the constraint wheel 29. An array of rotating inserts 213 are fixedly inserted into the constraint wheel 29, and a rotating through hole 214 is opened through the end of the constraint ratchet teeth 210 away from the constraint spring 211. The rotating inserts 213 are rotatably inserted into the rotating through hole 214. The cooperation between the rotating inserts 213 and the rotating through hole 214 ensures the stable rotation of the constraint ratchet teeth 210.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the restraint strap 26 is fixed to the bed rail. When the patient is not experiencing an attack, moving the forearm will cause the corresponding first protective housing 11 and second protective housing 12 to move, thereby allowing the restraint strap 26 to pull the restraint rotating rod 25 to rotate slowly. This allows the restraint strap 26 to gradually unwind and twist the restraint coil spring 27, which in turn drives the restraint rotating wheel 29 to rotate slowly. When the patient's forearm returns to its original position, the restraint coil spring 27 will drive the restraint rotating rod 25 to reverse, thereby allowing the restraint strap 26 to rewind again. When the patient suddenly experiences an attack, the forearm will cause the corresponding first protective housing 11 and second protective housing 12 to move rapidly, thereby allowing the restraint strap 26 to pull the restraint rotating rod 25 to rotate rapidly, thus allowing the restraint strap 26 to quickly unwind and twist. The constraint spring 27 drives the constraint wheel 29 to rotate rapidly, which in turn drives the constraint ratchet 210 to rotate rapidly. Under the action of centrifugal force, the constraint ratchet 210 will rotate, thereby stretching the corresponding constraint spring 211 and engaging the constraint ratchet 210 with the constraint ratchet 28, thereby limiting the rotation of the constraint wheel 29. This, in turn, restricts the unwinding of the constraint strap 26 through the constraint rod 25, and further restricts the patient's forearm movement through the use of the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12. In addition, when the patient's condition is controlled and the forearm is reset, the constraint spring 27 will drive the constraint rod 25 to reverse, thereby rewinding the constraint strap 26, and the constraint ratchet 210 will separate from the constraint ratchet 28 and reverse and reset under the action of the corresponding constraint spring 211.

[0038] The anti-scratching mechanism 4 includes an arc-shaped mounting plate 41, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first protective housing 11 near the constraint outer cylinder 21. The arc-shaped mounting plate 41 has mirror-distributed fixed insertion holes 42 through it. Sliding guide rods 43 are fixedly inserted into the fixed insertion holes 42. Anti-scratching baffles 44 are slidably sleeved on the two sliding guide rods 43. Drive springs 45 are movably sleeved on the sliding guide rods 43. The two ends of the drive springs 45 are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 and the anti-scratching baffles 44, respectively. A limiting link 46 is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the anti-scratching baffle 44 near the drive spring 45. An elastic link 47 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting link 46. A matching limiting collar 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic link 47. One end of the constraint rotating rod 25 has a matching misaligned angle 215 and a limiting ring groove 216. The limiting collar 48 can be movably locked in the limiting ring groove 216.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, when the patient is not experiencing an attack, the restraint strap 26 will pull the restraint rotating rod 25 to rotate slowly when the patient moves their forearm. At this time, the limiting collar 48 will slide slowly along the limiting ring groove 216. When the patient suddenly experiences an attack, the restraint strap 26 will pull the restraint rotating rod 25 to rotate rapidly. During this period, the restraint rotating rod 25 will drive the limiting ring groove 216 to rotate rapidly, thereby enabling the limiting collar 48 to separate from the limiting ring groove 216 in conjunction with the use of the misalignment angle 215. At this time, the two drive springs 45 will push the anti-scratch baffle 44 to move away from the arc-shaped mounting plate 41, thereby enabling the limiting connecting rod 46 to pull the elastic connecting rod 47 and the limiting collar 48 to move and... The elastic link 47 deforms, and when the limiting collar 48 is completely separated from the constraint rotating rod 25, the elastic link 47 will automatically reset and the anti-scratching baffle 44 will continue to move away from the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 until the distance between the anti-scratching baffle 44 and the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 is maximized. At this time, the anti-scratching baffle 44 can completely cover the patient's hand, thereby preventing the patient from grabbing pipes and objects and preventing damage to the patient's hand. In addition, when the patient's condition is controlled and the forearm is reset, the anti-scratching baffle 44 is gradually pushed into the first protective housing 11, thereby squeezing the drive spring 45 again and causing the limiting collar 48 to be locked in the misaligned angle 215 again.

[0040] A method for using a device to prevent postoperative delirium attacks and extubation includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Hold the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 and rotate them until they open to a suitable angle. Then, pull the two limiting collars 17 simultaneously, which will move the corresponding limiting rod 16 and pull the corresponding limiting spring 19 until the distance between the limiting collar 17 and the limiting block 13 is at its maximum. Then, put the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 on the patient's forearm and reverse them. When the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 are closed, the limiting block 13 will be inserted into the corresponding limiting groove 110. At this time, release the two limiting collars 17. Then, the limiting spring 19 will move the corresponding limiting collar 17 to reset, which will move the corresponding limiting rod 16 to reset, and then allow the limiting rod 16 to be inserted into the corresponding limiting hole 111.

[0042] Step 2: Rotate the two adjusting levers 311 in sequence, which will drive the corresponding adjusting wheel 310 to rotate, and then drive the corresponding adjusting screw 34 to rotate. This, in conjunction with the corresponding adjusting screw 33, rotating insert shaft 31, adjusting shaft 35 and U-shaped connecting block 36, will drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 37 on the corresponding side to move closer to the patient's forearm until both ends of the patient's forearm are fixed between the first high-density sponge pad 38 and the second high-density sponge pad 39.

[0043] Step 3: Fix the end of the restraint strap 26 to the bed rail. When the patient is not experiencing symptoms, when the patient moves their forearm, it will cause the corresponding first protective shell 11 and second protective shell 12 to move. This will allow the restraint strap 26 to pull the restraint rotating rod 25 to rotate slowly, thereby gradually unwinding the restraint strap 26 and twisting the restraint coil spring 27. This will then drive the restraint rotating wheel 29 to rotate slowly. At the same time, the limiting collar 48 will slide slowly along the limiting ring groove 216. When the patient's forearm returns to its original position, the restraint coil spring 27 will drive the restraint rotating rod 25 to reverse, thereby allowing the restraint strap 26 to be rolled up again.

[0044] Step four: When the patient suddenly falls ill, the forearm will drive the corresponding first protective shell 11 and second protective shell 12 to move rapidly. This will cause the constraint strap 26 to pull the constraint rotating rod 25 to rotate rapidly, thereby causing the constraint strap 26 to unwind and twist the constraint coil spring 27. This will then drive the constraint rotating wheel 29 to rotate rapidly, which in turn will drive the constraint ratchet 210 to rotate rapidly. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, the constraint ratchet 210 will rotate, thereby stretching the corresponding constraint spring 211 and causing the constraint ratchet to rotate. 210 engages with the constraint ratchet 28, thereby limiting the rotation of the constraint wheel 29. This, in turn, restricts the unwinding of the constraint strap 26 via the constraint lever 25. Furthermore, the use of the first protective housing 11 and the second protective housing 12 restricts the patient's forearm movement. During this process, the constraint lever 25 drives the limiting ring groove 216 to rotate rapidly, which, in conjunction with the misalignment angle 215, causes the limiting collar 48 to separate from the limiting ring groove 216. At this point, the two drive springs 45 push the anti-scratch baffle 44 away from the restraint. The movement of one side of the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 allows the limiting link 46 to pull the elastic link 47 and the limiting collar 48, causing the elastic link 47 to deform. When the limiting collar 48 is completely separated from the constraint rotating rod 25, the elastic link 47 will automatically reset, and the anti-scratching baffle 44 will continue to move away from the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 until the distance between the anti-scratching baffle 44 and the arc-shaped mounting plate 41 reaches its maximum. At this point, the anti-scratching baffle 44 can completely cover the patient's hand, thereby preventing the patient from grabbing the pipe. The phenomenon of object collision occurs, and the phenomenon of damage to the patient's hand is avoided. In addition, when the patient's condition is controlled and the forearm is reset, the constraint coil spring 27 will drive the constraint rotating rod 25 to reverse, thereby enabling the constraint strap 26 to be rolled up again, and the constraint ratchet 210 will separate from the constraint ratchet 28 and reverse and reset under the action of the corresponding constraint spring 211. Then, the anti-scratch baffle 44 is gradually pushed into the first protective housing 11, thereby enabling the drive spring 45 to be squeezed again and the limiting collar 48 to be locked in the misalignment angle 215 again.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation, comprising a protective mechanism (1), characterized in that: The protective mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to a restraint mechanism (2) on one side, and a fixing mechanism (3) is provided on the inner side of the protective mechanism (1). A scratch prevention mechanism (4) is provided on the inner side of the protective mechanism (1) near the restraint mechanism (2). The combination of the protective mechanism (1) and the fixing mechanism (3) can conveniently put on and fix the anti-postoperative delirium patient attack and tube removal device on the patient's forearm. The restraint mechanism (2) can ensure the normal movement of the patient's forearm when the patient is not ill and restrict the movement of the patient's forearm when the patient suddenly becomes ill. The scratch prevention mechanism (4) can completely cover the patient's hand when the patient suddenly becomes ill. The protective mechanism (1) includes a first protective shell (11) and a second protective shell (12), and the first protective shell (11) and the second protective shell (12) are rotatably connected. One end of the first protective shell (11) is integrally formed with symmetrically arranged limiting blocks (13), and the limiting blocks (13) are provided with a matching mounting groove (14) and a sliding through hole (15). A limiting rod (16) is slidably inserted into the sliding through hole (15), and a limiting collar (17) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the limiting rod (16) away from the limiting blocks (13). The outer wall of the limiting collar (17) is provided with a matching anti-slip groove (18), and the anti-slip groove (18) is provided on the outer wall of the limiting collar (17). The sliding grooves (18) are arranged in an array. The limiting collar (17) is fixedly connected to the limiting spring (19) on the side near the limiting plug (13). The limiting spring (19) is movably sleeved on the limiting rod (16), and the end of the limiting spring (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (14). One end of the second protective shell (12) is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves (110), and the inner wall of the limiting groove (110) is provided with a matching limiting hole (111). The limiting plug (13) can be movably locked in the limiting groove (110), and the limiting rod (16) can be slidably inserted into the limiting hole (111). The constraint mechanism (2) includes a constraint outer cylinder (21), which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first protective shell (11). The constraint outer cylinder (21) has a first constraint inner groove (22), a second constraint inner groove (23), and a third constraint inner groove (24) for cooperation. A constraint rotating rod (25) is rotatably inserted into the constraint outer cylinder (21) and the first protective shell (11). A constraint strap (26) and a constraint coil spring (27) for cooperation are wound around the constraint rotating rod (25). The constraint strap (26) is movably locked in the first constraint inner groove (22), and the lead end of the constraint strap (26) wrapped around the constraint rotating rod (25) slides through the constraint outer cylinder (21). The constraint coil spring (27) is movably locked in the first constraint inner groove (22). The constraint spring (27) is located in the second constraint inner groove (23), and its lead end, which is wound around the constraint rotating rod (25), is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second constraint inner groove (23). A constraint ratchet (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cavity of the third constraint inner groove (24), and a constraint rotating wheel (29) is fixedly sleeved at the end of the constraint rotating rod (25). An array of constraint ratchet teeth (210) is rotatably installed on one side of the constraint rotating wheel (29), and the constraint ratchet teeth (210) can mesh with the constraint ratchet (28). A constraint spring (211) is fixedly connected to one end of the constraint ratchet (28), and a fixing block (212) is fixedly connected to the end of the constraint spring (211). The fixing block (212) is fixedly connected to the constraint rotating wheel (29). The fixing mechanism (3) includes a rotating insert shaft (31) and an arc-shaped fixing plate (32). The second protective housing (12) has mirror-distributed mounting holes (115) through it, and symmetrically arranged rotating insert holes (116) are provided in the mounting holes (115). The rotating insert shaft (31) is rotatably inserted into the rotating insert hole (116), and an adjusting screw (33) is fixedly connected between adjacent rotating insert shafts (31). An adjusting screw (34) is threaded into the adjusting screw (33), and the adjusting screw (34) An adjusting shaft (35) is rotatably inserted at the end of the device. A U-shaped connecting block (36) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the adjusting shaft (35). An arc-shaped clamping plate (37) is fixedly connected to one side of the two U-shaped connecting blocks (36). A first high-density sponge pad (38) for use is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate (37). An arc-shaped fixing plate (32) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first protective shell (11). A second high-density sponge pad (39) for use is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped fixing plate (32). The anti-scratch mechanism (4) includes an arc-shaped mounting plate (41), which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first protective shell (11) near the constraint outer cylinder (21). The arc-shaped mounting plate (41) has mirror-distributed fixed insertion holes (42) through it. A sliding guide rod (43) is fixedly inserted into the fixed insertion hole (42), and anti-scratch baffles (44) are slidably sleeved on the two sliding guide rods (43). A drive spring (45) is movably sleeved on the sliding guide rod (43), and the two ends of the drive spring (45) are respectively connected to the arc-shaped mounting plate (41). The mounting plate (41) and the anti-scratching baffle (44) are fixedly connected. The anti-scratching baffle (44) is fixedly connected to the middle of the side near the drive spring (45) with a limiting link (46). The end of the limiting link (46) is fixedly connected to an elastic link (47). The end of the elastic link (47) is fixedly connected to a matching limiting collar (48). One end of the constraint rotating rod (25) is provided with a matching misaligned angle (215) and a limiting ring groove (216). The limiting collar (48) can be movably locked in the limiting ring groove (216).

2. The device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first protective shell (11) has a symmetrically arranged connecting groove (112) on the side away from the limiting insert (13), and a connecting shaft (113) is rotatably inserted into the connecting groove (112). The second protective shell (12) has a symmetrically distributed connecting rotating block (114) integrally formed on the side away from the limiting groove (110), and the connecting rotating block (114) is rotatably sleeved on the connecting shaft (113).

3. The device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The constraint wheel (29) is fixedly connected with an array of rotating rods (213), and the end of the constraint ratchet (210) away from the constraint spring (211) is provided with a rotating through hole (214), and the rotating rods (213) are rotatably inserted into the rotating through hole (214).

4. The device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the adjusting screw (34) is fixedly connected to an adjusting wheel (310), and an adjusting rocker arm (311) is rotatably inserted into the adjusting wheel (310) for use.

5. A device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first protective housing (11) is fixedly connected with symmetrically arranged side connecting rods (312), and the arc-shaped fixing plate (32) is fixedly connected to the end of the side connecting rods (312).

6. A method of using a device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation, characterized in that, Using the device for preventing postoperative delirium attacks and extubation as described in claim 5 includes the following steps: Step 1: Hold the first protective housing (11) and the second protective housing (12) and rotate them until the first protective housing (11) and the second protective housing (12) open to a suitable angle. Then, pull the two limiting collars (17) simultaneously, which will drive the corresponding limiting rod (16) to move, and then pull the corresponding limiting spring (19) until the distance between the limiting collar (17) and the limiting block (13) is moved to the maximum. Then stop pulling the limiting collar (17). After that, move the first protective housing (11) and the second protective housing... The body (12) is fitted onto the patient's forearm and the first protective shell (11) and the second protective shell (12) are reversed. When the first protective shell (11) and the second protective shell (12) are reset and closed, the limiting plug (13) will be inserted into the corresponding limiting groove (110). At this time, the two limiting collars (17) are released, and then the limiting spring (19) will drive the corresponding limiting collar (17) to reset, thereby driving the corresponding limiting plug (16) to reset, and then the limiting plug (16) can be inserted into the corresponding limiting plug hole (111). Step 2: Rotate the two adjustment levers (311) in sequence, which will drive the corresponding adjustment wheel (310) to rotate, and then drive the corresponding adjustment screw (34) to rotate. This will work in conjunction with the use of the corresponding adjustment screw (33), the rotating insert (31), the adjustment shaft (35), and the U-shaped connecting block (36) to move the arc-shaped clamping plate (37) on the corresponding side closer to the patient's forearm until both ends of the patient's forearm are fixed between the first high-density sponge pad (38) and the second high-density sponge pad (39). Step 3: Fix the end of the restraint strap (26) to the bed rail. When the patient moves his forearm during the period when he is not ill, it will drive the corresponding first protective shell (11) and second protective shell (12) to move. This will allow the restraint strap (26) to pull the restraint rotating rod (25) to rotate slowly. This will allow the restraint strap (26) to gradually unwind and twist the restraint coil spring (27), which will then drive the restraint rotating wheel (29) to rotate slowly. At the same time, the limiting collar (48) will slide slowly along the limiting ring groove (216). When the patient's forearm is reset, the restraint coil spring (27) will drive the restraint rotating rod (25) to reverse, which will allow the restraint strap (26) to be rolled up again. Step four: When the patient suddenly falls ill, the forearm will drive the corresponding first protective shell (11) and second protective shell (12) to move rapidly, thereby pulling the constraint rod (25) to rotate rapidly through the constraint strap (26), which will cause the constraint strap (26) to unwind and twist the constraint coil spring (27), thereby driving the constraint wheel (29) to rotate rapidly, and further driving the constraint ratchet (210) to rotate rapidly. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, the constraint ratchet (210) will rotate, thereby stretching the corresponding constraint spring (211) and causing the constraint ratchet (210) to rotate rapidly. The constraint ratchet (28) engages with the constraint wheel (29), thereby restricting the rotation of the constraint wheel (29). This allows the constraint lever (25) to restrict the unwinding of the constraint strap (26), and the use of the first protective housing (11) and the second protective housing (12) to restrict the movement of the patient's forearm. During this time, the constraint lever (25) will drive the limiting ring groove (216) to rotate rapidly, thereby allowing the limiting collar (48) to separate from the limiting ring groove (216) in conjunction with the use of the misalignment angle (215). At this time, the two drive springs (45) will push the anti-scratch baffle (44) away from the restraint wheel (29). The curved mounting plate (41) moves to one side, thereby pulling the elastic link (47) and the limiting collar (48) through the limiting link (46) and causing the elastic link (47) to deform. When the limiting collar (48) and the constraint rotating rod (25) are completely separated, the elastic link (47) will automatically reset and the anti-scratch baffle (44) will continue to move away from the curved mounting plate (41) until the distance between the anti-scratch baffle (44) and the curved mounting plate (41) is maximized. At this time, the anti-scratch baffle (44) can completely cover the patient's hand, thereby preventing the patient from scratching. The phenomenon of pipes and objects appears, and the phenomenon of damage to the patient's hand can be avoided. In addition, when the patient's condition is controlled and the forearm is reset, the constraint coil spring (27) will drive the constraint rotating rod (25) to reverse, so that the constraint strap (26) can be rolled up again, and the constraint ratchet (210) will separate from the constraint ratchet (28) and reverse and reset under the action of the corresponding constraint spring (211). Then the anti-scratch baffle (44) is gradually pushed into the first protective housing (11), so that the drive spring (45) can be squeezed again and the limiting collar (48) can be locked in the misaligned angle (215) again.

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