A waste textile opener and control method

Abstract

The application provides a waste textile opener and a control method, which comprises a shell, a cotton feeding plate, a cotton feeding roller, a safety cover plate, an opening beater, an output device, an adjustable leak bottom and a control system, and has the following characteristics: the output device comprises a raw material channel, a fan, a carding plate, a negative pressure cover, a return air pipe and a diffusion box, the raw material channel is in communication with the air outlet port of the diffusion box, the bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel is in communication with the top of the negative pressure cover, and the negative pressure cover is in communication with the fan and the diffusion box through the return air pipe. The control system controls an opener group formed by at least two openers, each opener in the opener group is a module structure, and the outlet end of the raw material channel in the front opener of the opener group is used for connecting the next opener. The air flow type output device is used to replace the dust cage and the output roller mechanism of the existing opener and is integrated with the opener, the structure is simple and compact, the degree of automation and production efficiency are high, and the control method enables the output device to run stably and continuously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile machinery manufacturing technology, and relates to the improvement of opening machines, specifically an opening machine for waste textiles and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Opening machines are mainly used to open materials such as fibers, cotton, and textiles. They tear large pieces of fabric into smaller pieces or bundles, and also have a separation effect during the opening process.

[0003] like Figure 2 As shown, the existing waste textile opening machine includes a feeding plate 1, a feeding roller 2, an opening beater 3, a safety cover 4, an adjustable bottom 13, a rotating dust cage 14, an output roller 16, and support rollers 17. The rotating dust cage 14 is equipped with a dust suction groove 15. Its output mechanism uses the rotating dust cage 14 to collect the opened material, which is then output through the output roller 16. The existing opening machine mainly has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The opening machine must be equipped with a dust cage and an output roller motor. The dust cage needs to be equipped with dust filtration and exhaust, which makes its structure complex and the equipment failure rate relatively high.

[0005] 2. After the semi-finished product output from the opening machine is condensed by the dust cage, it will become entangled and wrapped, which increases the difficulty of subsequent opening and causes the fiber yarn to be repeatedly opened, resulting in fiber damage.

[0006] 3. Lack of power at the connection of the opening unit can easily cause the cotton feeding roller to be squeezed and jammed.

[0007] 4. Unilateral air suction in the dust cage of the opening machine will cause uneven distribution of raw materials in the width direction, resulting in uneven opening in the next process;

[0008] 5. The output and feed of the loosening machine are both open structures, which makes it easy for the machine to spray paint, resulting in a short cleaning cycle and increasing the workload of the operator.

[0009] How to design a waste textile opening machine and its control method, using an airflow-type output device to replace the existing dust cage and output roller mechanism of the opening machine, and integrating it into the opening machine, with a simple, compact structure, good sealing performance, stable and reliable operation, and high automation and production efficiency? This is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems and shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a waste textile opening machine and its control method. It replaces the dust cage and output roller mechanism of the existing opening machine with an airflow-type output device, which is integrated with the opening machine. The structure is simple and compact, with a high degree of automation and production efficiency. The control method ensures stable and continuous operation of the output device.

[0011] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0012] A waste textile opening machine includes a casing, a feeding plate, a feeding roller, a safety cover, an opening beater, an output device, an adjustable bottom drain, and a control system. The output device comprises a raw material channel, a fan, a carding plate, a negative pressure hood, a return air duct, and a diffusion box. The inlet end of the raw material channel is located below the opening beater and communicates with the air outlet of the diffusion box. The bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel communicates with the top of the negative pressure hood. The side of the negative pressure hood is connected to the return air inlet of the fan via the return air duct. The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet of the diffusion box. The control system controls an opening unit consisting of at least two opening machines. Each opening machine in the opening unit is a modular structure. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the preceding opening machine in the opening unit is used to connect to the following opening machine.

[0013] Improvements to the above technical solution: The raw material channel is a tapered section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet to the middle, and an adjustable section with an adjustable height from the middle to the outlet; a comb plate is installed at the bottom of the adjustable section in the raw material channel, and the top of the negative pressure hood covers the comb plate; the return air duct is a Y-shaped duct, with one air inlet port connected to the return air port of the fan, and the two air outlet ports of the Y-shaped duct connected to the two sides of the negative pressure hood respectively; the diffusion box is a labyrinth-type diffusion box, with baffles installed inside the labyrinth-type diffusion box to form a Z-shaped channel, and the cross-section of the labyrinth-type diffusion box becomes narrower and narrower along the direction of airflow, reaching its minimum at the outlet; the fan blows air into the raw material channel through the labyrinth-type diffusion box, creating air pressure to push the opened raw material into the next opening machine, and the fan's suction absorbs the airflow discharged by the comb plate through the negative pressure hood, forming an airflow circulation.

[0014] Further improvement to the above technical solution: A pressure sensor is installed on the raw material channel, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control system to monitor the pressure in the raw material channel and control the rotation speed of the cotton feeding roller to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

[0015] Further improvements to the above technical solution: A raw material thickness adjustment device is provided at the top of the adjustment section of the raw material channel. The raw material thickness adjustment device includes a raw material thickness detection sensor, an adjustment motor, an adjustment plate, guide keys, racks, gears, and a transmission shaft. The raw material thickness detection sensor is located above the feeding roller and is connected to the control system. The adjustment plate serves as the top surface of the height-adjustable adjustment section. A support plate is provided on each side of the adjustment plate, and a vertical hole is provided in the middle of the support plate. A guide groove is provided on each side of the vertical hole on the support plate. The two ends of the transmission shaft pass through the vertical holes of the two support plates respectively. The adjustment motor is mounted on the machine housing, and the output shaft of the adjustment motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft. A gear is provided at each end of the transmission shaft, and a rack meshes with each gear on each side. Each rack is fixed on the inner side of the support plate. A guide key is provided in each guide groove, and each guide key is connected to the machine housing.

[0016] A further improvement to the above technical solution: the head end of the comb plate is wider than the cross-section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the comb plate is narrower than the cross-section of the raw material channel, in order to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials within the raw material channel.

[0017] Further improvements to the above technical solution: the outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the machine casing, the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the feeding roller, the outlet end of the raw material channel in the preceding opener of the opening unit is connected to the feeding roller in the following opener, and the output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

[0018] This invention discloses a control method for a waste textile opening machine, comprising an opening machine, characterized in that the opening machine is the aforementioned waste textile opening machine, and the control method includes a pressure control method within the raw material channel, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0019] Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor, and then obtains the actual pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in the raw material channel, and calculates the pressure difference with the preset pressure value.

[0020] Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton roller based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value. When the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller to decrease. When the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller to increase, so as to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

[0021] Furthermore, the control method also includes an input raw material thickness control method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0022] Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the previous loosening machine through the raw material thickness detection sensor and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value.

[0023] Step 2: Based on the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness and the preset raw material thickness, the control system uses PID logic to control the adjusting motor in the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine to automatically adjust the thickness of the raw material channel. When the actual raw material thickness is higher than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine automatically reduces the thickness of its raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness is lower than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine automatically increases the thickness of its raw material channel.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of this invention compared with the prior art are:

[0025] 1. The present invention is used for the output device of a waste textile opening machine to replace the dust cage and output roller mechanism of the existing opening machine. It adopts airflow output, and its structure is simple and compact, and its use is stable and reliable.

[0026] 2. The opening machine of this invention uses air pressure feeding to ensure the stability of the thickness and width of the fed raw material;

[0027] 3. The opening machine of this invention has a fully enclosed input and output, which reduces spraying and keeps the machine clean and tidy;

[0028] 4. The cotton opening machine of the present invention uses a pressure sensor to control the cotton feeding roller of the opening machine. The output device of the cotton opening machine of the present invention is equipped with a raw material thickness adjustment device, which can automatically adjust the raw material thickness to ensure the continuity and automation of the entire opening machine unit.

[0029] 5. The opening machine of this invention adopts a modular design, and the number of units can be flexibly adjusted according to different raw materials and production processes. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the opening unit consisting of two waste textile opening machines according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the existing sizing unit;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an output device for a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a raw material thickness adjustment device for a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a comb plate used in a waste textile opening machine according to the present invention.

[0035] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Feeding plate; 2. Feeding roller; 3. Opening beater; 4. Safety cover; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Raw material thickness adjustment device; 61. Adjusting motor; 62. Adjusting plate; 63. Rack; 64. Guide key; 65. Gear; 66. Drive shaft; 7. Combing plate; 8. Raw material thickness detection sensor; 9. Negative pressure cover; 10. Return air duct; 11. Fan; 12. Diffuser box; 13. Adjustable bottom drain; 14. Dust cage; 15. Dust filter suction tank; 16. Output roller; 17. Support roller. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] See Figures 1-5 This invention discloses an embodiment of a waste textile opening machine, comprising a machine housing, a feeding plate 1, a feeding roller 2, an opening beater 3, a safety cover 4, an output device, an adjustable drain 13, and a control system. The output device includes a raw material channel, a fan 11, a combing plate 7, a negative pressure hood 9, a return air duct 10, and a diffuser box 12. The inlet end of the raw material channel is located below the opening beater 3 and is connected to the air outlet port of the diffuser box 12. The bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel is connected to the top of the negative pressure hood 9. The side of the negative pressure hood 9 is connected to the return air port of the fan 11 via the return air duct 10. The air outlet of the fan 11 is connected to the air inlet port of the diffuser box 12. The control system controls an opening unit consisting of at least two opening machines. Each opening machine in the opening unit is a modular structure. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the preceding opening machine in the opening unit is used to connect to the following opening machine.

[0038] Specifically: the aforementioned raw material channel is a tapered section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet to the middle, and an adjustable section with an adjustable height from the middle to the outlet; a comb plate 7 is installed at the bottom of the adjustable section in the raw material channel, and the comb plate 7 is covered on top of the negative pressure hood 9. The return air duct 10 is a Y-shaped duct, with one air inlet port connected to the return air inlet of the fan 11, and the two air outlet ports of the Y-shaped duct connected to the two sides of the negative pressure hood 9 respectively. The diffuser box 12 is a labyrinth diffuser box, with baffles installed inside the labyrinth diffuser box 12 to form a Z-shaped channel. The cross-section of the labyrinth diffuser box 12 becomes narrower along the direction of airflow, reaching its minimum at the outlet. The fan 11 blows air into the raw material channel through the labyrinth diffuser box 12, creating air pressure to push the opened raw material into the next opening machine. The suction of the fan 11 absorbs the airflow discharged from the comb plate 7 through the negative pressure hood 9, forming an airflow circulation.

[0039] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 5 is installed on the aforementioned raw material channel. The pressure sensor 5 is connected to the control system and is used to monitor the pressure in the raw material channel, control the rotation speed of the cotton feeding roller 2, and achieve uniform and stable feeding of the raw material.

[0040] Furthermore, a raw material thickness adjustment device 6 is installed at the top of the adjustment section of the aforementioned raw material channel. The raw material thickness adjustment device 6 includes a raw material thickness detection sensor 8, an adjustment motor 61, an adjustment plate 62, a rack 63, a guide key 64, a gear 65, and a transmission shaft 66. The raw material thickness detection sensor 8 is located above the feeding roller 2 and is connected to the control system. The adjustment plate 62 serves as the top surface of the height-adjustable adjustment section. A support plate is installed on each side of the adjustment plate 62, with a vertical hole in the middle of the support plate and a guide groove on each side of the vertical hole. The transmission shaft 66 is inserted into the vertical holes of the two support plates at both ends. The adjustment motor 61 is mounted on the housing. The output shaft of the adjustment motor 61 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 66. A gear 65 is provided at each end of the transmission shaft 66. There is a rack 63 on each side of the gear 65 that meshes with it. Each rack 63 is fixed on the inner side of the support plate. A guide key 64 is provided in each guide groove. Each guide key 64 is connected to the housing.

[0041] Furthermore, the head end of the comb plate 7 is wider than the cross-section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the comb plate 7 is narrower than the cross-section of the raw material channel, in order to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials within the raw material channel.

[0042] Furthermore, the outlet end of the aforementioned raw material channel extends out of the machine housing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is consistent with the bottom height of the feeding roller 2. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the preceding opener of the opening unit is connected to the feeding roller 2 in the following opener. The output and input of each opener in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

[0043] See Figures 1-5 An embodiment of the control method for a waste textile opening machine of the present invention includes an opening machine, wherein the opening machine is the waste textile opening machine of the above embodiment, and the control method includes a pressure control method in the raw material channel, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0044] Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor 5, and then obtains the actual pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 5 in the raw material channel, and calculates the pressure difference with the preset pressure value.

[0045] Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton roller 2 based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value. When the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller 2 to decrease. When the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller 2 to increase, so as to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

[0046] Furthermore, the above control method also includes an input raw material thickness control method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor 8. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the previous loosening machine through the raw material thickness detection sensor 8, and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value.

[0048] Step 2: Based on the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness and the preset raw material thickness, the control system uses PID logic to automatically adjust the thickness of the raw material channel using the adjusting motor 61 in the raw material thickness adjusting device 6 of the preceding loosening machine. When the actual raw material thickness is higher than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device 6 of the preceding loosening machine automatically reduces the thickness of its raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness is lower than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device 6 of the preceding loosening machine automatically increases the thickness of its raw material channel.

[0049] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste textile opening machine, comprising a machine housing, a feeding plate, a feeding roller, a safety cover, an opening beater, an output device, an adjustable bottom vent, and a control system, characterized in that, The output device includes a raw material channel, a fan, a carding plate, a negative pressure hood, a return air duct, and a diffusion box. The inlet end of the raw material channel is located below the opening beater and is connected to the air outlet port of the diffusion box. The bottom of the outlet end of the raw material channel is connected to the top of the negative pressure hood. The side of the negative pressure hood is connected to the return air port of the fan through the return air duct. The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet port of the diffusion box. The control system controls an opening unit consisting of at least two opening machines. Each opening machine in the opening unit is a modular structure. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the preceding opening machine in the opening unit is used to connect to the following opening machine. A pressure sensor is installed on the raw material channel and is connected to the control system to monitor the pressure in the raw material channel and control the rotation speed of the feeding roller to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials. A raw material thickness adjustment device is installed at the top of the adjustment section of the raw material channel. The raw material thickness adjustment device includes a raw material thickness detection sensor, an adjustment motor, an adjustment plate, guide keys, racks, gears, and a transmission shaft. The raw material thickness detection sensor is located above the feeding roller and is connected to the control system. The adjustment plate serves as the top surface of a height-adjustable adjustment section. A support plate is provided on each side of the adjustment plate, and a vertical hole is provided in the middle of the support plate. A guide groove is provided on each side of the vertical hole on the support plate. The two ends of the transmission shaft pass through the vertical holes of the two support plates, respectively. The adjustment motor is mounted on the machine housing, and the output shaft of the adjustment motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft. A gear is provided at each end of the transmission shaft, and a rack meshes with each gear on each side. Each rack is fixed on the inner side of the support plate. A guide key is provided in each guide groove, and each guide key is connected to the machine housing.

2. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material channel is a tapered section with a gradually decreasing cross-section from the inlet to the middle, and an adjustable section with an adjustable height from the middle to the outlet. A comb plate is installed at the bottom of the adjustable section in the raw material channel, and the top of the negative pressure hood covers the comb plate. The return air duct is a Y-shaped duct, with one air inlet port connected to the return air port of the fan, and the two air outlet ports of the Y-shaped duct connected to the two sides of the negative pressure hood respectively. The diffusion box is a labyrinth-type diffusion box, with baffles installed inside to form a Z-shaped channel. The cross-section of the labyrinth-type diffusion box becomes narrower along the direction of airflow, reaching its minimum at the outlet. The fan blows air into the raw material channel through the labyrinth-type diffusion box, creating air pressure to push the opened raw material into the next opening machine. The fan's suction absorbs the airflow discharged by the comb plate through the negative pressure hood, forming an airflow circulation.

3. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The head end of the comb plate is wider than the cross-section of the raw material channel, and the tail end of the comb plate is narrower than the cross-section of the raw material channel, in order to ensure smooth transfer of raw materials within the raw material channel.

4. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the machine housing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is the same as the bottom height of the feeding roller. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the previous opening machine in the opening unit is connected to the feeding roller in the next opening machine. The output and input of each opening machine in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

5. The waste textile opening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outlet end of the raw material channel extends out of the machine housing, and the bottom height of the outlet end of the raw material channel is the same as the bottom height of the feeding roller. The outlet end of the raw material channel in the previous opening machine in the opening unit is connected to the feeding roller in the next opening machine. The output and input of each opening machine in the opening unit form a fully enclosed structure.

6. A control method for a waste textile opening machine, comprising an opening machine, characterized in that, The opening machine described herein is the waste textile opening machine according to any one of claims 1-5, and the control method includes a pressure control method in the raw material channel, the specific steps of which are as follows: Step S1: The control system first sets a preset pressure value for the pressure sensor, and then obtains the actual pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in the raw material channel, and calculates the pressure difference with the preset pressure value. Step S2: The control system uses PID logic to calculate and control the feeding speed of the cotton roller based on the pressure difference between the actual pressure value and the preset pressure value. When the actual pressure value is higher than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller to decrease. When the actual pressure value is lower than the preset pressure value, the control system controls the feeding speed of the cotton roller to increase, so as to achieve uniform and stable feeding of raw materials.

7. The control method for the waste textile opening machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control method also includes an input raw material thickness control method, the specific steps of which are as follows: Step 1: The control system first sets a preset raw material thickness value for the raw material thickness detection sensor. The control system detects the actual raw material thickness value input by the previous loosening machine through the raw material thickness detection sensor and obtains the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness value and the preset raw material thickness value. Step 2: Based on the thickness difference between the actual raw material thickness and the preset raw material thickness, the control system uses PID logic to control the adjusting motor in the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine to automatically adjust the thickness of the raw material channel. When the actual raw material thickness is higher than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine automatically reduces the thickness of its raw material channel; when the actual raw material thickness is lower than the preset raw material thickness, the raw material thickness adjusting device of the front-end loosening machine automatically increases the thickness of its raw material channel.

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