A pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carboxin and cartap and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of containing prothioconazole, carboxin, cartap pesticide composition and its application, comprising effective component prothioconazole, carboxin and cartap, wherein, with fungicidal activity prothioconazole, carboxin and with nematocidal activity cartap mass ratio is 1~15:1~15:1~10.The pesticide composition of the application effective component mechanism is different, no cross resistance, good physical and chemical compatibility, registration development is feasible, expands the control spectrum, synergistic effect is remarkable, can effectively control rice seedling disease bacteria to carbendazim, prochloraz and acypetacs and other fungicides resistance, cultivate strong seedling, with significant application value to improve the yield and quality of rice.In the prevention and treatment of rice seedling disease, rice seedling disease, rice seedling disease and rice dry tip nematode disease effect is excellent and synergistic effect is obvious, simultaneously promote root strong seedling effect is remarkable, reduce drug synergistic effect, quality is good and cheap, to environment friendly safety, market prospect is broad.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pesticide compositions, and in particular to a pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion. Background Technology

[0002] Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world's second largest food crop after wheat, and a staple food for over 3 billion people worldwide. In rice production, severe yield losses are caused by diseases, insect pests, weeds, and especially fungal diseases. Rice bakanae disease, caused by four pathogens—Fusarium fujikuroi, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, and F. andiyazi—is a devastating seed-borne disease. Among them, Fusarium fujikuroi (sexual stage: Gibberella fujikuroi) is the most common pathogen. The pathogen overwinters primarily as conidia attached to the seed surface and as mycelium latent on seeds or diseased rice straw. Infected seeds are the most important primary source of initial infection for bakanae disease. Bakanae disease can affect rice plants from pre-emergence to maturity, with three peak incidence periods: seedling stage, tillering stage, and jointing and booting stage. Affected rice plants often exhibit slender, elongated growth, with long, thin, chlorotic-yellow leaves, and typical symptoms such as sterile and discolored grains. Severely infected seedlings usually die in the early stages. Sometimes, the symptoms disappear after transplanting, but reappear after the tillering stage, ultimately leading to plant death or poor grain filling or empty grains. Bakanae disease seriously threatens rice production worldwide, causing varying degrees of yield reduction or even crop failure. It can also lead to contamination of harvested rice with fungal toxins such as fumonisin and gibberellin A3, threatening human and animal health.

[0003] For many years, fungicides have been widely used in rice seed treatment to effectively control bakanae disease. However, their efficacy is often drastically reduced or even rendered ineffective due to fungicide resistance developed by the pathogen. In my country, benzimidazole fungicides, especially carbendazim, began to be used for bakanae disease control in the 1970s, showing significant efficacy and gradually gaining widespread application. Due to the continued widespread and singular use of carbendazim, resistance to carbendazim was discovered in 1992. The imidazole fungicide prochloraz was also widely used for bakanae disease control with significant field efficacy. Subsequently, numerous studies reported that bakanae disease pathogens developed resistance to prochloraz, leading to reduced efficacy. In 1998, Jiangsu Provincial Pesticide Research Institute Co., Ltd. independently developed a novel fungicide—cypermethrin, a cyanoacrylate fungicide. This novel fungicide exhibits a specific mode of action against Fusarium spores, effectively inhibiting conidial germination and mycelial growth, interfering with the function of Fusarium myosin-5, and demonstrating excellent efficacy against bakanae disease. However, in 2016, resistance to cyazofamid was discovered in Fusarium spore strains from the field in Zhejiang Province. Bakanae disease pathogens in Jiangsu Province have developed varying degrees of resistance to carbendazim, prochloraz, and cyazofamid, and resistance to cyazofamid, which has been used in the field for less than 10 years, is already expanding. Therefore, in rice production in Jiangsu Province, the continued use of carbendazim, prochloraz, or cyazofamid alone for the control of bakanae disease has become ineffective. As of April 2024, the Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of my country had officially registered over 200 pesticides for the control of bakanae disease (http: / / www.chinapesticide.org.cn / hysj / index.jhtml). However, the number of active ingredients in these registered pesticides is relatively small and concentrated. Therefore, in rice production, it is necessary to optimize and promote new pesticides for the control of bakanae disease to ensure safe, high-quality, and efficient rice production.

[0004] Rice seedling rot occurs in all rice-growing areas across China and is a common disease during the rice seedling stage. It occurs to varying degrees every year, with a typical seedling mortality rate of around 15%, but in some fields, the rate can exceed 80%, severely impacting seedling quality and leading to seedling loss during transplanting in some areas. Especially in northern rice-growing regions, early spring low temperatures and high soil moisture in the seedbed result in poor root development of seedlings, leading to poor seedling quality and resistance. Rice seedling rot can be divided into two main categories: physiological and infectious. Physiological seedling rot refers to diseases caused purely by adverse environmental conditions; infectious seedling rot is mainly caused by *Achlyas pp.*, *Pythium spp.*, and *Fusarium spp.*. In rice production, large-scale bud rot and seedling death are mostly due to infectious diseases. The main methods for controlling rice seedling rot include agricultural control and chemical control. Agricultural control measures include selecting sunny, sheltered, well-drained, and elevated paddy fields; choosing mature rice varieties; and applying sufficient base fertilizer followed by frequent, small-volume topdressing. Chemical control measures include seedbed soil disinfection and seed coating treatment. In chemical control, selecting effective pesticides and establishing scientific control methods are particularly important.

[0005] Rice damping-off is a devastating disease of rice seedlings, primarily caused by fungi of the genera *Fusarium* and *Rhizoctonia*. Infected seedlings turn yellow and curl, with the stem base detaching from the roots and easily breaking off. Later stages of infection manifest as wilting and curling of the central leaves, softening and rotting of the stem base, and eventual yellowing and death of the entire plant, severely impacting seedling quality and causing gaps in transplanting, significantly hindering safe rice production. Prevention primarily involves seed treatment with fungicides such as hymexazol. Recent studies have shown a decreased sensitivity of rice damping-off to fungicides like hymexazol. Therefore, there is an urgent need to screen for effective agents and treatments that can simultaneously prevent rice bakanae disease and damping-off.

[0006] Rice tip nematode (Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie) is a plant pathogenic nematode widely distributed in rice-producing areas worldwide. Infecting rice causes "tip dryness" symptoms on leaves or "small spikelets" on panicles, resulting in yield losses of 10%–30%, and in severe cases, up to 50%. The nematode invades the plant during seed germination and rice growth, eventually multiplying in the panicle. After grain maturity, the nematode lies dormant between the husk and the grain, coiling into a clump. If the seeds remain dry, the nematode can survive for 2–3 years. Studies have shown that the rice tip nematode can be transmitted along the seed supply chain from varietal resources, breeding materials, original seeds of bred varieties, and primary seeds to production seeds, making it a significant source of rice tip nematode disease in large-scale production. In variety comparisons and regional trials, the presence of rice tip nematodes in the tested materials not only affects their own yield performance, but the nematodes, spread by irrigation water, can also contaminate other materials in the experimental site. Seed treatment, which breaks the transmission chain of rice stem nematode, is one of the most economical and efficient methods for controlling seed-borne diseases such as rice stem nematode.

[0007] Cultivating strong seedlings is a crucial measure for achieving high and stable rice yields. Strong seedlings exhibit high physiological activity, resulting in strong resistance to adverse conditions, low leaf mortality, strong root development, rapid greening, and early tillering after transplanting, demonstrating a significant early-maturing advantage. Cultivating strong seedlings is fundamental to building a high-yielding rice population. Strong seedlings produce more tillers in the nursery bed and promote early and rapid growth after transplanting, resulting in more and earlier tillering at lower nodes. This not only ensures a sufficient number of panicles but also promotes the formation of large panicles with a higher grain count per panicle, which is beneficial for photosynthetic product production and transport to the panicle, increasing material productivity and economic coefficient, thus forming a high-yielding population that is "strong in the early stages, stable in the middle stages, and does not prematurely age in the later stages." Besides improving the cultivation environment and enhancing cultivation techniques, seed treatment with chemical agents has become the most direct and effective method for cultivating strong seedlings. Simultaneously, seed treatment with chemical agents is also an effective way to improve seed vigor and control seed-borne diseases in rice. Therefore, screening seed treatment agents with root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effects is of significant practical importance.

[0008] Currently, there is a lot of research and development on related agents for rice seedling blight, rice seedling rot, rice damping-off, and rice tip nematode disease, as well as for cultivating strong rice seedlings. However, there are few single seed treatment agents that can effectively prevent and control rice seedling blight, rice seedling rot, rice damping-off, and rice tip nematode disease, while also promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion. The active ingredients have different mechanisms of action, no cross-resistance, good physicochemical compatibility, broaden the control spectrum, and have significant synergistic effects.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the pesticide composition in the prevention and control of rice bakanae disease and / or rice seedling rot and / or rice damping-off and / or rice stem nematode disease, as well as in promoting root growth and seedling vigor in rice.

[0011] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion, wherein the active ingredients are: prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion; the mass ratio of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion is 1-15:1-15:1-10.

[0012] Prothioconazole is a triazole thiophene fungicide discovered, developed, and manufactured by Bayer Crop Science. It is a sterol demethylation (ergosterol biosynthesis) inhibitor, its mechanism of action being the inhibition of the demethylation of lanosterol or 24-methylenedihydrolanosterol at the 14-position in fungi, i.e., demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). It not only possesses excellent systemic activity, but also superior protective, curative, and eradicative activities, and a long-lasting effect. Prothioconazole exhibits excellent control efficacy against almost all fungal diseases on cereals and can be used for foliar spraying or seed treatment. Extensive field efficacy trials have shown that prothioconazole not only has good safety for crops and good disease prevention and control effects, but also significantly increases yield. Compared with triazole fungicides, prothioconazole has a broader spectrum of fungicidal activity.

[0013] Carboxin is a systemic heterocyclic fungicide that acts as a potent inhibitor of succinic acid oxidation in the mitochondria of pathogens. It has a broad spectrum of activity and is highly toxic to fungi of the Basidiomycota such as Rhizoctonia solani, Ustilago maydis, Ustilago fussiformis, Ustilago spp., rust fungi, and Verticillium fungi of the Deuteromycetes. It can penetrate into germinating seeds to kill pathogens within the seeds, while also promoting seed germination and growth.

[0014] Cartap, also known as batan, is a nereistoxin-based insecticide with strong stomach poison action. It also possesses contact toxicity, some antifeedant and ovicidal effects, rapidly knocking down pests, having a long residual effect, and exhibiting broad-spectrum insecticidal activity. No carcinogenic, teratogenic, or mutagenic effects have been observed. Currently, this agent still plays an important role in the control of rice stem nematode disease.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion is 1-5:1-10:1-5. Based on the characteristics of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion and the results of indoor formulation screening, it is preliminarily determined that the preferred mass ratio of the ternary compound of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion is set between 1-5:1-10:1-5.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion is 1:1 to 4.5:1 to 2.5.

[0017] Furthermore, the pesticide composition also contains adjuvants.

[0018] Furthermore, the active ingredient in the pesticide composition comprises 10% to 50% by mass, preferably 23% to 32%.

[0019] Furthermore, the pesticide composition is in the form of a wettable powder or a seed-treatment dispersible powder.

[0020] In some implementations, for wettable powders, the adjuvant is selected from one or more of fillers, wetting agents, dispersants, penetrants, spreading agents, anti-caking agents, stabilizers, and warning colors; for seed treatment dispersible powders, the adjuvant is selected from one or more of fillers, wetting agents, dispersants, penetrants, film-forming agents, anti-caking agents, stabilizers, and warning colors.

[0021] Furthermore, for wettable powders, the filler is selected from kaolin, the wetting agent is selected from sodium lignosulfonate, the dispersant is selected from dispersant NNO, the penetrant is selected from isobutanol, the spreading agent is selected from sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the anti-caking agent is selected from sodium aluminosilicate, the stabilizer is selected from calcium carbonate, and the warning color is selected from rose red.

[0022] Furthermore, for the seed treatment dispersible powder, the filler is selected from bentonite, the wetting agent is selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, the dispersant is selected from sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, the penetrant is selected from penetrant T, the film-forming agent is selected from xanthan gum, the anti-caking agent is selected from silica, the stabilizer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, and the colorant is selected from carmine.

[0023] In some embodiments, the wettable powder, by weight percentage, comprises: 1.5%–30% prothioconazole, 2%–22.5% carbaryl, 1.5%–20% fenitrothion, 4%–7% wetting agent, 2%–4% dispersant, 0.5%–1% penetrant, 1%–2% spreading agent, 0.6%–1% anti-caking agent, 0.4%–0.8% stabilizer, 0.1%–0.5% colorant, and filler to 100%; preferably, the wettable powder comprises: 3%–5% prothioconazole, 8%–15% carbaryl, 8%–12% fenitrothion, 5%–6% wetting agent, and dispersant. 2%–3%, penetrant 0.5%–0.8%, spreading agent 1%–1.5%, anti-caking agent 0.6%–0.8%, stabilizer 0.5%–0.7%, warning colorant 0.2%–0.5%, filler to 100%; or, the wettable powder includes: 1%–2% prothioconazole, 1%–2% carbendazim, 15%–20% fenitrothion, wetting agent 5%–6%, dispersant 3%–4%, penetrant 0.5%–1%, spreading agent 1%–2%, anti-caking agent 0.6%–1%, stabilizer 0.5%–0.8%, warning colorant 0.1%–0.5%, filler to 100%;

[0024] In some embodiments, the seed treatment dispersible powder, by weight percentage, comprises: 4%–10% prothioconazole, 10%–18% carbendazim, 6%–10% fenitrothion, 4%–5% wetting agent, 4%–6% dispersant, 0.8%–1% penetrant, 1%–1.5% film-forming agent, 0.6%–1% anti-caking agent, 0.5%–0.8% stabilizer, 0.4%–0.8% colorant, and filler replenishment. 100%; preferably, the seed treatment dispersible powder comprises: 4%–6% prothioconazole, 10%–15% carbendazim, 8%–10% fenitrothion, 4.5%–5% wetting agent, 5%–6% dispersant, 0.9%–1% penetrant, 1%–1.2% film-forming agent, 0.6%–0.8% anti-caking agent, 0.5%–0.6% stabilizer, 0.4%–0.6% colorant, and filler to make up to 100%.

[0025] The present invention also provides the application of the pesticide composition in the control of rice bakanae disease and / or rice seedling blight and / or rice damping-off and / or rice stem nematode disease.

[0026] The present invention also provides the application of the pesticide composition described herein in promoting root growth and seedling development in rice.

[0027] The application includes: diluting the pesticide composition and then soaking seeds.

[0028] Furthermore, the rice seed treatment agent is diluted with water at a ratio of 1500–2000 times or 2000–4000 times before soaking the seeds. After dilution, the concentration of the active ingredient is 76–153 μg / mL, 65–130 μg / mL, 75–150 μg / mL, or 80–160 μg / mL. The soaking time is 24–72 hours, more preferably 36–48 hours. The rice variety is Yanjing 456 or / and Wuyunjing 24 or / and Nanjing 5718 or / and Huruan 1212.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) Original pesticide combination, product registration and development are feasible: In recent years, with the promulgation and implementation of new pesticide registration policies in my country, higher requirements have been put forward for the green and high-quality development of the pesticide industry. The pesticide composition provided by this invention contains prothioconazole, carbendazim, and pyraclostrobin. The active ingredients have different mechanisms of action, there is no cross-resistance between the components, and the safety is good. It is an original pesticide combination that can effectively control the resistance of rice seedling blight pathogens to fungicides such as carbendazim, imazalil, and cyazofamid, cultivate strong seedlings, and has significant application value for improving rice yield and quality. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and pyraclostrobin complies with the new pesticide registration policies in my country, and it is feasible to register and develop new products. It can provide an economical and efficient choice of pesticides for the prevention and control of rice seed-borne or soil-borne diseases such as rice seedling blight and / or rice seedling rot and / or rice damping-off and / or rice tip nematode, as well as for promoting root growth and strong seedlings in rice.

[0032] (2) Good compatibility, reduced dosage and increased efficacy: Prothioconazole is neutral in pH and stable to hydrolysis at pH 4-9. It is a novel fungicide with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, high efficacy, low toxicity, low residue, and no environmental risk. Mancozeb is poorly soluble in water and easily decomposes and becomes ineffective in alkaline substances. Methomyl is stable in acidic media but unstable in alkaline media. Pesticide compositions containing prothioconazole, mancozeb, and methomyl have good compatibility and excellent physicochemical compatibility among the components, which is beneficial for preparing highly efficient and stable formulations. Prothioconazole and mancozeb have bactericidal effects on pathogens but have virtually no effect on nematodes; methomyl has a high bactericidal effect on rice stem nematodes, but has virtually no effect on rice bakanae disease and / or rice seedling blight and / or rice damping-off. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion can simultaneously control rice seedling blight and / or rice seedling rot and / or rice damping-off and / or rice tip nematode disease, with significantly enhanced fungicidal and insecticidal effects. It also has a significant effect on promoting root growth and seedling development, which can reduce the amount of pesticides used. It is environmentally friendly and safe, and has significant economic, ecological and social benefits.

[0033] (3) Effectively manages resistance to bakanae disease, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of rice seed-borne or soil-borne diseases: The pesticide composition provided by this invention is composed of prothioconazole, carbendazim and cypermethrin, which can effectively manage the resistance of rice bakanae disease pathogens to fungicides such as carbendazim, imazalil and cyazofamid and can be used in rotation with a variety of existing agents; at the same time, it reduces the potential resistance of pathogens of rice bakanae disease and / or rice seedling rot and / or rice damping-off to prothioconazole and carbendazim, respectively, and extends the service life of the agents. It is of great significance for the management of resistance to rice bakanae disease in my country and the effective prevention and control of a variety of rice seed-borne or soil-borne diseases.

[0034] (4) High quality and low price, with broad market prospects: Prothioconazole is a new type of broad-spectrum triazole thion fungicide with a wide fungicidal spectrum. It has excellent control efficacy against almost all fungal diseases on grains and currently occupies an important position among triazole fungicides and is extremely cost-effective; oxychloride is a systemic heterocyclic fungicide and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor. It can penetrate into germinating seeds to kill pathogens inside the seeds, and can also promote plant growth and development, increase the efficiency of photosynthesis, and improve the crop's adaptability to stress factors such as drought, high temperature, and pests and diseases. It is widely used and inexpensive; rice tip nematode can only be prevented but not cured. Currently, methyl parathion is still the dominant agent in the control of rice tip nematode disease. By rationally combining the three, registering and developing a new product, a single agent can effectively solve the problems existing in the control of rice seed-borne or soil-borne diseases, and has significant effects on promoting root growth and seedling development. It is also inexpensive and has broad market prospects. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0036] Example 1 of bioassay: Indoor activity assay.

[0037] The antifungal activity of single agents and ternary compound formulations of prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion against rice bakanae disease pathogen:

[0038] A) Test strain: *Fusarium fujikuroi*, the causal agent of rice seedling blight, was collected from rice fields in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. It was isolated, identified, and preserved for future use by the Plant Protection Research Laboratory of the Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute in the hilly region of Jiangsu Province. Other *Fusarium fujikuroi* strains may also be used. The strain was preserved on potato sucrose agar (PSA) slants (4℃).

[0039] B) Test reagents: 95.2% (W / W) prothioconazole technical, Shandong Hailier Chemical Co., Ltd.; 98% (W / W) carbendazim technical, Xinyi Yongcheng Chemical Co., Ltd.; 98% (W / W) fenitrothion technical, Lianyungang Liben Crop Technology Co., Ltd.

[0040] C) Test methods: Referring to the "Guidelines for Biological Assay of Pesticides NY / T1156.2-2006", the mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the indoor toxicity of single agents and ternary compound agents with different ratios against rice seedling pathogen.

[0041] D) Data Analysis: Using the DPSv7.05 data processing system, regression equations and EC values ​​were calculated for the inhibition of mycelial growth of rice bakanae disease fungus by single-agent and ternary compound formulations with different ratios. 50 and its 95% confidence limit.

[0042] The synergistic effect coefficient (SR) is calculated using the Wadley method. The synergistic effect coefficient (SR) is used to evaluate the type of combined action of the drug mixture: SR < 0.5 indicates antagonism, 0.5 ≤ SR ≤ 1.5 indicates additive action, and SR > 1.5 indicates synergistic action. SR = EC 50 (Eth) / EC 50 (Eob), EC 50 (Eth)=(a+b+c) / [(a / EC 50 A)+(b / EC 50 B)+(c / EC 50 C)]. Where A, B, and C are individual drug doses, and a, b, and c are the proportions of the corresponding individual doses in the mixture, EC 50 (Eth) is a mixture EC 50 Theoretical value, EC 50 (Eob) is a mixture EC 50 Measured value.

[0043] E) Results and Analysis:

[0044] Table 1. Results of bioactivity (toxicity) assays of prothioconazole, carbendazim, fenitrothion, and their compound formulations against rice bakanae disease pathogen.

[0045]

[0046] In Table 1, "propiconazole:wet:kill" refers to the mass ratio of propiconazole, thiophanate-methyl, and fenitrothion.

[0047] Indoor testing results showed that prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion inhibited the mycelial growth of rice bakanae disease fungus at EC50. 50The values ​​were 0.0259, 15.0514, and 1142.6225 μg / mL, respectively. The ternary compound of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion, with a mass ratio between 1–15:1–15:1–10, showed an additive or synergistic effect on the inhibition of rice bakanae disease pathogens, with a synergistic coefficient between 0.7660 and 2.4112. When the mass ratio was between 1–5:1–10:1–5, the synergistic coefficient on the inhibition of rice bakanae disease pathogens was greater than 1.5, indicating a synergistic effect (Table 1). Based on the characteristics of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion, and the results of indoor formulation screening, the optimal mass ratio of the ternary compound of prothioconazole, carboxin, and fenitrothion was preliminarily determined to be between 1–5:1–10:1–5.

[0048] Preparation Example 1: Preparation of 24% Prothioconazole·Carbendazim·Fenitrothion Wettable Powder (WP).

[0049] The wettable powder composition by weight percentage is as follows: 2% prothioconazole, 2% carbendazim, 20% fenitrothion, 5% sodium lignosulfonate (wetting agent), 3% NNO dispersant (dispersant), 0.5% isobutanol (penetrating agent), 2% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (spreading agent), 0.8% sodium aluminosilicate (anti-caking agent), 0.5% calcium carbonate (stabilizer), 0.2% rose red (colorant), and kaolin (filler) to make up 100%.

[0050] Preparation method:

[0051] Prepare 24% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP according to the above proportions and conventional wettable powder processing method.

[0052] Preparation Example 2: Preparation of 34% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP.

[0053] The wettable powder composition by weight percentage is as follows: 30% prothioconazole, 2% carbendazim, 2% fenitrothion, 4% sodium lignosulfonate (wetting agent), 4% NNO dispersant (dispersant), 0.6% isobutanol (penetrating agent), 1.5% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (spreading agent), 0.6% sodium aluminosilicate (anti-caking agent), 0.8% calcium carbonate (stabilizer), 0.1% rose red (colorant), and kaolin (filler) to make up 100%.

[0054] Preparation method:

[0055] Prepare 34% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP according to the above proportions and conventional wettable powder processing method.

[0056] Preparation Example 3: Preparation of 25.5% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP.

[0057] The wettable powder composition by weight percentage is as follows: 1.5% prothioconazole, 22.5% carbendazim, 1.5% fenitrothion, 6% sodium lignosulfonate (wetting agent), 2% dispersant NNO (dispersant), 0.8% isobutanol (penetrating agent), 1% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (spreading agent), 1% sodium aluminosilicate (anti-caking agent), 0.4% calcium carbonate (stabilizer), 0.4% rose red (colorant), and kaolin (filler) to make up 100%.

[0058] Preparation method:

[0059] Prepare 25.5% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP according to the above proportions and conventional wettable powder processing method.

[0060] Preparation Example 4: Preparation of 23% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP.

[0061] The wettable powder composition by weight percentage is as follows: 5% prothioconazole, 10% carbendazim, 8% fenitrothion, 7% sodium lignosulfonate (wetting agent), 3% NNO dispersant (dispersant), 1% isobutanol (penetrating agent), 1% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (spreading agent), 0.8% sodium aluminosilicate (anti-caking agent), 0.6% calcium carbonate (stabilizer), 0.5% rose red (colorant), and kaolin (filler) to make up 100%.

[0062] Preparation method:

[0063] Prepare 23% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin WP according to the above proportions and conventional wettable powder processing method.

[0064] Preparation Example 5: Preparation of 26% prothioconazole·carbendazim·carbendazim seed treatment dispersible powder (ZF).

[0065] The proportions of each component of the seed treatment dispersible powder, by weight percentage, are as follows: 4% prothioconazole, 16% carbaryl, 6% fenitrothion, 5% polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (wetting agent), 5% sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (dispersant), 0.8% penetrant T (penetrating agent), 1.5% xanthan gum (film-forming agent), 1% silica (anti-caking agent), 0.8% polyvinyl alcohol (stabilizer), 0.5% carmine (color warning agent), and bentonite (filler) to make up 100%.

[0066] Preparation method:

[0067] Prepare 26% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin ZF according to the above proportions and conventional seed treatment dispersible powder processing method.

[0068] Preparation Example 6: Preparation of 30% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin ZF.

[0069] The proportions of each component of the seed treatment dispersible powder, by weight percentage, are as follows: 10% prothioconazole, 10% carbaryl, 10% fenitrothion, 4% polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (wetting agent), 6% sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (dispersant), 1% penetrant T (penetrating agent), 1% xanthan gum (film-forming agent), 0.6% silica (anti-caking agent), 0.6% polyvinyl alcohol (stabilizer), 0.4% carmine (color warning agent), and bentonite (filler) to make up 100%.

[0070] Preparation method:

[0071] Prepare 30% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin ZF according to the above proportions and conventional seed treatment dispersible powder processing method.

[0072] Preparation Example 7: Preparation of 32% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin ZF.

[0073] The proportions of each component of the seed treatment dispersible powder, by weight percentage, are as follows: 4% prothioconazole, 18% carbaryl, 10% fenitrothion, 5% polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (wetting agent), 4% sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (dispersant), 0.8% penetrant T (penetrating agent), 1.5% xanthan gum (film-forming agent), 0.8% silica (anti-caking agent), 0.5% polyvinyl alcohol (stabilizer), 0.8% carmine (color warning agent), and bentonite (filler) to make up 100%.

[0074] Preparation method:

[0075] Prepare 32% prothioconazole·carbendazim·methrin ZF according to the above proportions and conventional seed treatment dispersible powder processing method.

[0076] Example 1: Field efficacy of pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion against rice seedling blight and rice stem nematode, as well as root-promoting and seedling-strengthening test.

[0077] The pesticide compositions containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion in Examples 1-7 were used as control agents. 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP (prepared by mixing prothioconazole and fenitrothion technicals in a 1:1 ratio according to the method for preparing a wettable powder in Example 1) and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP (prepared by mixing carbendazim and fenitrothion technicals in a 1:1 ratio according to the method for preparing a wettable powder in Example 1) were used as binary compound pesticides. 30% prothioconazole OD (Anhui Jiuyi Agricultural Co., Ltd.), 12% carbendazim WP (Shaanxi Hengtian Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd.), and 6% fenitrothion AS (Jiangsu Green Shield Plant Protection Pesticide Experiment Co., Ltd.) were used as single-agent control agents. Field efficacy trials for rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode disease, as well as root-promoting and seedling-strengthening experiments, were conducted.

[0078] Experimental treatment method: The experimental site was located in the agricultural science and technology innovation center park of Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute in Baitu Town, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. The soil was loamy with medium fertility and an organic matter content of about 1.95%. The rice variety was 'Yanjing 456' (a rice variety infected with rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode). The experiment included 13 treatments: Preparation Examples 1-7, where the combined mass concentration of prothioconazole and carbendazim was 50 μg / mL (based on the combined mass concentration of the main fungicidal components, prothioconazole and carbendazim, being 50 μg / mL). Treatments with 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS were calculated with a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively. A water control was used as a blank control. 500 g of 'Yanjing 456' rice seeds were soaked in 1 L of the above 13 treatment solutions or water for 48 h. After soaking, the seeds were germinated for approximately 48 h until the sprouts reached half a grain length and then sown in a 5 m × 1 m seedbed. Each treatment was repeated three times. At 30 days old, the seedlings of each treatment were transplanted individually to 20m×2m field plots at a spacing of approximately 15cm×20cm, with each treatment randomly arranged. Fertilizer, water, and other pest, disease, and weed management during the rice growth period were carried out as usual.

[0079] Before rice transplanting, samples were taken from 5 points in each plot, with 20 seedlings at each point, for a total of 100 seedlings. Seedling height, total number of roots per seedling, taproot length, and stem base width were measured. The seedlings were then bagged and blanched at 105℃ for 30 minutes, and dried at 80℃ to constant weight before weighing the dry weight of 100 seedlings. During the rice heading and grain-filling stages, the incidence of bakanae disease and rice stem tip nematode disease were investigated. Control efficacy was calculated, and the control efficacy variance was analyzed using the Duncan multiple range method with the DPSv7.05 data processing system. The formulas for calculating the disease incidence and control efficacy were: Disease incidence = Number of infected seedlings / Total number of seedlings surveyed × 100%; Control efficacy = [(Control disease incidence - Treatment disease incidence) / Control disease incidence] × 100%.

[0080] The experimental results showed that the field control efficacy of the 12 pesticide treatments against rice bakanae disease, from highest to lowest, was as follows: Preparation Example 7, Preparation Example 5, Preparation Example 4, Preparation Example 6, Preparation Example 2, Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 3, 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS. The field control efficacy of Preparation Examples 1-7 against rice bakanae disease was significantly higher than that of the binary pesticides 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control pesticides 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS (Table 2). Because the effective dosage of the nematicidal active ingredient fenitrothion is significantly higher, the control efficacy of Preparation Example 1 against rice tip nematode disease is higher than that of all treatments including 20% ​​cyproconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% bromonitrile·fenitrothion WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS, and the difference is significant. Preparation Example 4 shows that the effective dosage of fenitrothion is lower than that of 20% cyproconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% bromonitrile·fenitrothion WP, and 6% fenitrothion. AS, but the control efficacy was comparable and there was no significant difference; due to the significantly lower effective dosage of cypermethrin, the control efficacy of preparation examples 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 against rice tip nematode was lower than that of 20% cypermethrin·cypermethrin WP, 20% bronitrothion·cypermethrin WP and 6% cypermethrin AS, and the difference was significant; 30% prothioconazole OD and 12% carbendazim WP had basically no control efficacy against rice tip nematode (Table 2).

[0081] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion exhibits excellent control efficacy against rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode, achieving dual fungicidal and insecticidal effects with a single agent. Furthermore, the fungicidal and insecticidal effects of the ternary compound are significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as single agents. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention reduces pesticide use while increasing efficacy, provides broad-spectrum pest control, and can delay the development of pesticide resistance, making it of great significance for the efficient control of seed-borne diseases such as rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode.

[0082] Table 2. Field control efficacy of the agents prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention against rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode.

[0083]

[0084] Note: The treatment dosages in Examples 1-7 are calculated based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are calculated based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively. Data in the same column marked with different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the same applies below.

[0085] The seedling quality survey results for each treatment showed that the seedling quality indicators of the treatments prepared in Examples 1-7, such as seedling height, total number of roots per plant, taproot length, stem base width, and dry weight per 100 plants, were all higher than those of the binary ratio pesticides 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control pesticides 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS, and the differences were significant (Table 3).

[0086] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has the effect of promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings. Furthermore, the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as the effect of single agents. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention has a broad spectrum of pest control, exhibiting excellent and significantly enhanced efficacy against seed-borne diseases such as rice bakanae disease and rice leaf tip nematode, while also promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings.

[0087] Table 3 Comparison of seedling quality treated with the agent prepared in the embodiments of the present invention (Salted Rice 456)

[0088]

[0089] Note: The treatment dosages in Preparation Examples 1-7 are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively.

[0090] Example 2 of field efficacy: Field efficacy of a preferred combination of prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion against rice seedling blight and rice stem nematode, as well as root-promoting and seedling-strengthening trials.

[0091] The pesticide compositions containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion in the preferred proportions of preparation examples 4-7 were respectively used as follows: 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP (prepared by mixing prothioconazole and fenitrothion technicals in a 1:1 ratio according to the method for preparing a wettable powder in Example 1) and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP (prepared by mixing carbendazim and fenitrothion technicals in a 1:1 ratio according to the method for preparing a wettable powder in Example 1). The two-component compound pesticides were used as control agents, with 16% prochloraz·fenitrothion WP (prochloraz:fenitrothion = 1:3) (Jiangsu Green Shield Plant Protection Pesticide Experiment Co., Ltd.) and 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP (cyazofamid:fenitrothion = 1:1) (Jiangsu Green Shield Plant Protection Pesticide Experiment Co., Ltd.) as control agents. Field efficacy and root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effects of these pesticides against rice seedling blight and rice stem nematode were investigated.

[0092] Experimental treatment method: The experimental site was located in the agricultural science and technology innovation center park of Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute in Baitu Town, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. The soil was loamy with medium fertility and an organic matter content of about 1.85%. The rice variety was 'Wuyunjing 24' (a rice variety infected with rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode). The experiment included 13 treatments: 1500 and 3000 times dilution of the solution used in Example 4; 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the solution used in Example 5; 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the solution used in Example 6; 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the solution used in Example 7; 2000 times dilution of 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP; 1000 times dilution of 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP; 500 times dilution of 16% imazalil·fenitrothion WP (recommended dosage); 1000 times dilution of 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP (recommended dosage); and a water control. 500g of naturally diseased 'Wuyunjing 24' rice seeds were soaked in 1L of the above 13 treatment solutions or in water for 48h. After soaking, the seeds were germinated for approximately 48h until the sprouts were half-grain long and then sown in a 5m × 1m seedbed. Each treatment was repeated three times. At 30 days old, the seedlings of each treatment were transplanted individually to 20m×2m field plots at a spacing of approximately 15cm×20cm, with each treatment randomly arranged. Fertilizer, water, and other pest, disease, and weed management during the rice growth period were carried out as usual.

[0093] Before rice transplanting, samples were taken from 5 points in each plot, with 20 seedlings at each point, for a total of 100 seedlings. Seedling height, total number of roots per seedling, taproot length, and stem base width were measured. The seedlings were then bagged and blanched at 105℃ for 30 minutes, and dried at 80℃ to constant weight before weighing the dry weight of 100 seedlings. During the rice heading and grain-filling stages, the incidence of bakanae disease and rice stem tip nematode disease were investigated. Control efficacy was calculated, and the control efficacy variance was analyzed using the Duncan multiple range method with the DPSv7.05 data processing system. The formulas for calculating the disease incidence and control efficacy were: Disease incidence = Number of infected seedlings / Total number of seedlings surveyed × 100%; Control efficacy = [(Control disease incidence - Treatment disease incidence) / Control disease incidence] × 100%.

[0094] The experimental results showed that the field control efficacy of the 12 pesticide treatments against rice bakanae disease, from highest to lowest, was as follows: Preparation Example 7, 2000 times dilution; Preparation Example 5, 2000 times dilution; Preparation Example 4, 1500 times dilution; Preparation Example 6, 2000 times dilution; Preparation Example 7, 4000 times dilution; Preparation Example 5, 4000 times dilution; Preparation Example 4, 3000 times dilution; Preparation Example 6, 4000 times dilution; 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 2000 times dilution; 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP, 1000 times dilution; 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 1000 times dilution; and 16% imazalil·fenitrothion WP, 500 times dilution. The field control efficacy of the 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the preparations in Example 7, the 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the preparations in Example 5, the 1500 and 3000 times dilution of the preparations in Example 4, and the 2000 and 4000 times dilution of the preparations in Example 6 against rice bakanae disease was significantly higher than that of the binary compound formulations 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP 2000 times dilution and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP 1000 times dilution, as well as the control agents 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP 1000 times dilution and 16% prochloraz·fenitrothion WP 500 times dilution. Because of its relatively high effective dosage, 16% prochloraz·fedad SC at 500x dilution achieved 100% control efficacy against rice tip nematode; 20% carbendazim·fedad WP at 1000x dilution and 20% cyazofamid·fedad WP at 1000x dilution achieved control efficacies of 98.76% and 99.07% against rice tip nematode, respectively. The 2000x and 4000x dilutions of Preparation Example 7; the 2000x and 4000x dilutions of Preparation Example 5; the 1500x and 3000x dilutions of Preparation Example 4; and the 2000x and 4000x dilutions of Preparation Example 6 all showed significantly higher control efficacy against rice tip nematode than the binary compound agent 20% prothioconazole·fedad WP at 2000x dilution (Table 4).

[0095] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has good control efficacy against rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode. At the same application dosage, its control efficacy is significantly better than that of the binary compound formulations 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP at a dilution of 1000 times. Furthermore, at a safe dosage, its control efficacy is significantly better than that of conventional agents 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP and 16% prochloraz·fenitrothion WP at the recommended dosage. This combination reduces pesticide use while increasing efficacy, is of high quality and low price, is environmentally friendly and safe, and is of great significance for the integrated management of rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode, yielding significant economic, ecological, and social benefits.

[0096] Table 4. Field control efficacy of the preferred compositions prepared in the embodiments of the present invention against rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode disease.

[0097]

[0098] The seedling quality survey results for each treatment showed that the seedling height, total number of roots per plant, taproot length, stem base width, and dry weight per 100 plants were all higher than those of the binary formulations 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control formulations 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP 1000 times dilution and 16% prochloraz·fenitrothion WP 500 times dilution, and the differences were significant (Table 5).

[0099] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has a root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect. Furthermore, the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as conventional agents such as 20% cyazofamid·fenitrothion WP and 16% prochloraz·fenitrothion WP. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention exhibits excellent and significantly enhanced control efficacy against seed-borne diseases such as rice bakanae disease and rice stem nematode, while also demonstrating a significant root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect.

[0100] Table 5 Comparison of seedling quality treated with preferred compositions prepared in the embodiments of the present invention (Wuyunjing 24)

[0101]

[0102] Example 3 of field efficacy: Field efficacy of pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion against rice seedling rot and root-promoting and seedling-strengthening test.

[0103] Experimental reagent design: Same as in Field Efficacy Example 1.

[0104] Experimental Treatment Methods: The experimental site was located in the agricultural science and technology innovation center park of Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute in Baitu Town, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. The soil was loamy with moderate fertility and an organic matter content of approximately 1.80%. The rice variety was 'Nanjing 5718'. Thirteen treatments were included in the experiment, similar to Example 1 of the field efficacy study. 500g of 'Nanjing 5718' rice seeds were soaked in 1L of the above-mentioned treatment solution or water for 48 hours. After soaking, the seeds were germinated for approximately 48 hours until the sprouts reached half a grain length and then sown in 5m×1m seedbeds. Each treatment was replicated three times. At 30 days of age, seedlings from each treatment were transplanted individually to 20m×2m field plots at a spacing of approximately 15cm×20cm, with each treatment randomly arranged. Fertilizer, water, and other pest and disease management during the rice growth period followed standard procedures.

[0105] When obvious symptoms of seedling rot appeared in the control area during the rice seedling stage, five points were sampled diagonally in each plot, with each point covering 0.1 square meters. The total number of plants surveyed and the number of plants with seedling rot were recorded. The control efficacy was calculated, and the control efficacy variance analysis was performed using the Duncan multiple range method in the DPSv7.05 data processing system. The formulas for calculating the disease incidence and control efficacy were as follows: Disease incidence = Number of diseased plants / Total number of plants surveyed × 100%; Control efficacy = [(Control disease incidence - Treatment disease incidence) / Control disease incidence] × 100%. Before rice transplanting, five points were sampled in each plot, with 20 seedlings at each point, for a total of 100 seedlings. The seedling height, total number of roots per plant, taproot length, and stem base width were measured. The seedlings were then bagged and blanched at 105℃ for 30 minutes, dried at 80℃ to constant weight, and the dry weight of 100 plants was measured.

[0106] The experimental results showed that the field control efficacy of the 12 pesticide treatments against rice seedling blight, from highest to lowest, was as follows: Preparation Example 7, Preparation Example 5, Preparation Example 4, Preparation Example 6, Preparation Example 2, Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 3, 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS. The field control efficacy of Preparation Examples 1-7 against rice seedling blight was significantly higher than that of the binary pesticides 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control pesticides 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS (Table 6).

[0107] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has excellent control efficacy against rice seedling rot. The field control efficacy of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as single agents. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention, which reduces pesticide use while increasing efficacy, is of great significance for the efficient control of rice seedling rot.

[0108] Table 6. Field control efficacy of the agent prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention against rice seedling rot (Nanjing 5718).

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Note: The treatment dosages in Preparation Examples 1-7 are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively.

[0112] The seedling quality survey results of each treatment showed that the seedling height, total number of roots per plant, taproot length, stem base width, and dry weight per 100 plants of the treatments in Examples 1-7 were all higher than those of the binary ratio treatments 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control treatments 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS, and the differences were significant (Table 7).

[0113] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has the effect of promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings. Furthermore, the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as the effect of single agents. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention has excellent and significantly enhanced efficacy against rice seedling rot, while also promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings.

[0114] Table 7 Comparison of seedling quality treated with the agent prepared in the embodiments of the present invention (Nanjing 5718)

[0115]

[0116] Note: The treatment dosages in Preparation Examples 1-7 are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively.

[0117] Example 4 of field efficacy: Field efficacy of pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion against rice damping-off and root-promoting and seedling-strengthening test.

[0118] Experimental reagent design: Same as in Field Efficacy Example 1.

[0119] Experimental Treatment Methods: The experimental site was located in the agricultural science and technology innovation center park of Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute in Baitu Town, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. The soil was loamy with moderate fertility and an organic matter content of approximately 1.96%. The rice variety was 'Huruan 1212'. Thirteen treatments were included in the experiment, similar to Example 1 of the field efficacy study. 500g of 'Huruan 1212' rice seeds were soaked in 1L of the above-mentioned treatment solution or water for 48 hours. After soaking, the seeds were germinated for approximately 48 hours until the sprouts reached half a grain length and then sown in 5m×1m seedbeds. Each treatment was replicated three times. At 30 days of age, the seedlings of each treatment were transplanted individually to 20m×2m field plots at a spacing of approximately 15cm×20cm, with each treatment randomly arranged. Fertilizer, water, and other pest and disease management during the rice growth period followed standard procedures.

[0120] Before rice transplanting, samples were taken at 5 points in each plot, with 20 seedlings at each point, for a total of 100 seedlings. Seedling height, total number of roots per seedling, taproot length, and stem base width were measured. The seedlings were then bagged and blanched at 105℃ for 30 minutes, and dried at 80℃ to constant weight before weighing the dry weight of 100 seedlings. Before transplanting, samples were also taken at five diagonal points in each plot, with 0.1 square meters surveyed at each point. The total number of seedlings surveyed and the number of seedlings infected with damping-off were recorded. The control efficacy was calculated, and the control efficacy variance was analyzed using the Duncan multiple range method with the DPSv7.05 data processing system. The formulas for calculating the disease incidence rate and control efficacy were: Disease incidence rate = Number of infected seedlings / Total number of seedlings surveyed × 100%; Control efficacy = [(Control disease incidence rate - Treatment disease incidence rate) / Control disease incidence rate] × 100%.

[0121] The experimental results showed that the field control efficacy of the 12 pesticide treatments against rice damping-off, from highest to lowest, was as follows: Preparation Example 7, Preparation Example 5, Preparation Example 4, Preparation Example 6, Preparation Example 2, Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 3, 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS. The field control efficacy of Preparation Examples 1-7 against rice damping-off was significantly higher than that of the binary pesticides 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 220% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control pesticides 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS (Table 8).

[0122] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion exhibits excellent control efficacy against rice damping-off. The field efficacy of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as single-agent formulations. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention has a broad spectrum of control, reduces pesticide use while increasing efficacy, and has significant application value in the effective control of rice damping-off.

[0123] Table 8. Field control efficacy of the agent prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention against rice damping-off (Huruan 1212).

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Note: The treatment dosages in Preparation Examples 1-7 are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively.

[0127] The seedling quality survey results of each pesticide treatment showed that the seedling quality indicators of the treatments in Examples 1-7, such as seedling height, total number of roots per plant, taproot length, stem base width, and dry weight per 100 plants, were all higher than those of the binary pesticides 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP and 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, as well as the control pesticides 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS, and the differences were significant (Table 9).

[0128] This indicates that the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion has the effect of promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings. Furthermore, the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening effect of the ternary compound is significantly enhanced compared to the binary compound of prothioconazole and fenitrothion, or carbendazim and fenitrothion, as well as the effect of single agents. Therefore, the pesticide composition of this invention has excellent and significantly enhanced efficacy against rice damping-off disease, while also promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings, which is of great significance for ensuring high and stable rice yields.

[0129] Table 9 Comparison of seedling quality treated with the agents prepared in the embodiments of the present invention (Shanghai Soft 1212)

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Note: The treatment dosages in Preparation Examples 1-7 are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole and carbendazim. The treatment dosages for 20% prothioconazole·fenitrothion WP, 20% carbendazim·fenitrothion WP, 30% prothioconazole OD, 12% carbendazim WP, and 6% fenitrothion AS are based on a combined mass concentration of 50 μg / mL for prothioconazole, carbendazim, prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, respectively.

[0133] In the preparation examples 4, 5, 6 and 7 of this invention, the mass ratios of prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion were 1:2:1.6, 1:4:1.5, 1:1:1 and 1:4.5:2.5, respectively. These are all preferred ratios and have been verified in the field. The mass ratios of prothioconazole, carbendazim and fenitrothion are 1:1 to 4.5:1 to 2.5.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion, characterized in that... The active ingredients are prothioconazole, carboxin and fenitrothion; the mass ratio of prothioconazole, carboxin and fenitrothion is 1~5:1~10:1~5.

2. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion is 1:1~4.5:1~2.

5.

3. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 1, characterized in that... It also includes additives.

4. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The active ingredient has a mass percentage content of 10% to 50% in the pesticide composition.

5. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The formulation is a wettable powder or a seed-treatment dispersible powder.

6. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 5, characterized in that: For wettable powders, the additives are selected from fillers, wetting agents, dispersants, penetrants, etc. The adjuvant is selected from one or more of the following: spreading agent, anti-caking agent, stabilizer, and warning color; for seed treatment dispersible powders, the adjuvant is selected from one or more of the following: filler, wetting agent, dispersant, penetrant, film-forming agent, anti-caking agent, stabilizer, and warning color agent; for wettable powders, the filler is selected from kaolin, the wetting agent is selected from sodium lignosulfonate, the dispersant is selected from dispersant NNO, the penetrant is selected from isobutanol, the spreading agent is selected from sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the anti-caking agent is selected from sodium aluminosilicate, the stabilizer is selected from calcium carbonate, and the warning color is selected from rose red; for seed treatment dispersible powders, the filler is selected from bentonite, the wetting agent is selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, the dispersant is selected from sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, the penetrant is selected from penetrant T, the film-forming agent is selected from xanthan gum, the anti-caking agent is selected from silica, the stabilizer is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, and the warning color agent is selected from carmine.

7. The pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to claim 6, characterized in that: By weight percentage, the wettable powder comprises: 1.5%~30% prothioconazole, 2%~22.5% carbaryl, 1.5%~20% fenitrothion, 4%~7% wetting agent, 2%~4% dispersant, 0.5%~1% penetrant, 1%~2% spreading agent, 0.6%~1% anti-caking agent, 0.4%~0.8% stabilizer, 0.1%~0.5% colorant, and filler to 100%; The seed treatment dispersible powder, by weight percentage, comprises: 4%~10% prothioconazole, 10%~18% carbendazim, 6%~10% fenitrothion, 4%~5% wetting agent, 4%~6% dispersant, 0.8%~1% penetrant, 1%~1.5% film-forming agent, 0.6%~1% anti-caking agent, 0.5%~0.8% stabilizer, 0.4%~0.8% colorant, and filler to make up 100%.

8. The application of the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to any one of claims 1-7 in the control of rice seedling blight and / or rice seedling rot and / or rice damping-off and / or rice stem nematode disease.

9. The application of the pesticide composition containing prothioconazole, carbendazim, and fenitrothion according to any one of claims 1-7 in promoting root growth and seedling vigor in rice.

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