A prairie low-disturbance seeding device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of prairie low disturbance seeding device, the front end of two "herringbone" support side plate is fixedly connected with disc cutting system, profile device is hingedly connected above disc cutting system, single body suspension device is rotatably connected above "herringbone" support side plate, active cutting furrowing device is installed below the inboard of two "herringbone" support side plate, "V" shaped compacting device is installed at the last side of two "herringbone" support side plate, and the upper end of mechanical power transmission system is rotatably connected with single body suspension device.In the present application, "herringbone" structure ensures that rear profile wheel keeps contact with ground, while front disc cutting knife can adapt to high firmness soil for cutting root operation, and through cooperation of front and rear profile devices, consistency of cutting root and supplemental planting depth is realized, so as to complete the operation process of cutting root, supplemental planting and compacting in one.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of grassland ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a grassland low-disturbance seeding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Natural grasslands in China generally have different degrees of degradation, the soil compactness is high, and the accumulation of surface dry matter increases the complexity of the soil layer. Supplemental seeding is an effective method for restoring grassland resources, however, the current main ditching supplemental seeding equipment is mainly suitable for farmland, and the operation mode is single, which has obvious limitations. In the process of grassland improvement, these equipment is easy to pull the roots, causing more serious damage to the grassland, and the applicability is not strong, which cannot meet the agronomic requirements of degraded grassland improvement. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a grassland low-disturbance seeding or supplemental (mixed) seeding device, to solve the problems of root pulling, excessive surface disturbance, single operation mode and limitations caused by complex soil layer structure in the process of grassland improvement, to enhance the applicability of the grassland improvement components, and to provide an effective technical solution for grassland ecological restoration.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0005] A grassland low-disturbance seeding / supplemental (mixed) seeding device, comprising a disc root cutting system, a profiling device, a single suspension device, a "H" shaped support side plate, an active root cutting ditching device, a "V" shaped pressing device, a mechanical power transmission system, a rear profiling device fixing frame and a pressing wheel mounting frame.

[0006] The disc root cutting system is composed of a profiling spring lower connecting ear, a tension and pressure sensor, a sensor fixing plate, a root cutting depth adjusting plate, a disc root cutting knife, a clamping plate, a U-shaped bolt, a signal processing module and a data transmitter. The lower end of the spring lower connecting ear has a threaded hole, and the upper end of the tension and pressure sensor also has a threaded hole, which are fixed by a screw rod. A threaded hole is opened in the middle of the sensor fixing plate, and the lower end of the tension and pressure sensor is fixed by a screw rod. The disc root cutting knife is installed at the lower end of the root cutting depth adjusting plate, and is fixed on the two vertical plates of the sensor fixing plate by the clamping plate and the U-shaped bolt. The depth of the disc root cutting knife into the soil can be adjusted. The signal processing module and the data transmitter are installed on the sensor fixing plate, can receive the signals collected by the tension and pressure sensor, and calculate and transmit to the signal receiving device.

[0007] The profiling device is composed of a lower connecting fork, a spring, a screw rod, an adjusting nut and an upper connecting fork; the rear profiling device fixing frame is composed of a support frame and a support lug; the support frame is hinged on the "H" shaped support side plate through four bolts on the two sides, and a support lug is welded on the support frame; the lower connecting fork is hinged on the support lug through a bolt; the screw rod is welded at the center of the lower connecting fork; the spring is sleeved on the screw rod; the lower end of the spring is connected with the top of the lower connecting fork; the upper end of the spring is connected with the lower end of the upper connecting fork; the adjusting nut is screwed on the screw rod and pressed on the upper end of the upper connecting fork; the size of the spring force in the damping device can be adjusted by screwing the adjusting nut.

[0008] The single suspension device comprises a support sleeve, a suspension frame, a bolt fixing plate and a U-shaped bolt; the support sleeve supports the suspension frame and the "H" shaped support side plate so that the suspension frame can move around the support sleeve; the bolt fixing plate is welded on the suspension frame; the whole device can be installed on the frame of the agricultural implement through the U-shaped bolt and the bolt fixing plate, and the installation position can be adjusted;

[0009] The "V" shaped rolling device comprises a rolling wheel frame, an angle adjusting handle, a spring, a solid rubber wheel and a mud scraping plate; the rolling wheel mounting frame comprises a rolling wheel support frame, rolling wheel mounting side plates, a rolling wheel fixing pin shaft and a spring fixing pin shaft; the two rolling wheel mounting side plates are hinged on the rolling wheel support frame through bolts; the rolling wheel support frame is installed on the "H" shaped support side plate through four bolts; one end of the spring of the "V" shaped rolling device is hung on the hole of the angle adjusting handle, and the other end of the spring is hung on the spring fixing pin shaft; the rolling force of the rolling wheel can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the angle adjusting handle on the rolling wheel frame; the mud scraping plate can scrape off the mud adhered to the solid rubber wheel during operation; the "V" shaped rolling device is installed on the rolling wheel mounting frame through the rolling wheel fixing pin shaft and can rotate around the rolling wheel fixing pin shaft.

[0010] The mechanical power transmission system comprises a gear box, a gear box mounting plate, a spline sleeve, an over chain sprocket, a double row chain, an under chain sprocket, a connecting shaft, a hexagonal sleeve, a reverser, a reverser seat and a reverser fixing plate; the gear box is installed on the gear box mounting plate through foundation bolts; the gear box mounting plate is welded on the "H" shaped support side plate under the condition that the gear box and the support sleeve are concentric; one end of the spline sleeve is matched with the output shaft of the gear box, and the other end is directly welded on the over chain sprocket; the under chain sprocket is matched with the connecting shaft through a common key; the other end of the connecting shaft is a hexagonal shaft head matched with the hexagonal sleeve; the hexagonal sleeve is matched with the power input shaft of the reverser; the reverser is fixed on the reverser seat through foundation bolts; the reverser seat is connected on the reverser fixing plate through bolts; the reverser fixing plate is directly welded on the "H" shaped support side plate.

[0011] The active cutting root opening device comprises a profiling wheel, a profiling wheel hub, a 6206-2-RZ deep groove ball bearing, a cutter shaft, an axial end baffle ring, an axial end jack screw, a spacer sleeve, a cutter disc, a cutter disc seat, an active cutting root cutter, a UELFU bearing with a square seat, a cutting root cutter shield, a sliding cutter opener, and a seed guide tube; the profiling wheel and the profiling wheel hub are fixed together by five bolts, the 6206-2-RZ deep groove ball bearings are respectively arranged on the two sides of the profiling wheel hub, the right side of the cutter shaft boss is matched with the 6206-2-RZ deep groove ball bearing, the spacer sleeve is arranged on the right side of the right 6206-2-RZ deep groove ball bearing, then the axial positioning of all the parts on the right side of the cutter shaft boss is realized through the UELFU bearing with a square seat on the right side, the left side of the cutter shaft boss is matched with the cutter disc seat and connected through a common flat key, the cutter disc and the cutter disc seat are coaxially welded, the active cutting root cutter is installed in the cutter library of the cutter disc and fixed by bolts, the left side of the cutter disc seat tightly presses all the parts on the left side of the cutter shaft boss by the UELFU bearing with a square seat, the UELFU bearing with a square seat is tightly pressed by the axial end baffle ring, the axial end baffle ring is locked by the axial end jack screw, the axial positioning of all the parts on the left side of the cutter shaft boss is realized, the cutting root cutter shield is provided with bolt connection holes, is matched with the mounting holes on the UELFU bearing with a square seat, and is installed, the cutting root cutter shield can play a safety protection role, the sliding cutter opener extended from the rear end of the cutting root cutter shield can realize ditching and seeding, the active cutting root and the driven ditching become an integral whole, the sliding cutter opener has a certain slope relative to the horizontal plane, prevents the seed guide tube from scratching the soil to cause seed blocking, the sliding cutter opener is provided with a blade on the soil entering part, the bottom end of the seed guide tube has a slope and a 15mm gap with the bottom end of the sliding cutter opener, and the soil entering the seed guide tube during operation is prevented again to cause seed blocking.

[0012] The working process of the present application is as follows:

[0013] Before operation, the grassland low disturbance seeding / repair (mixed) seeding device is hung on the frame of the machine tool through the front end single body suspension device, and then the front and rear profiling devices are hung on the corresponding positions of the frame; during operation, first, the tractor rear output shaft power is started to make the active cutting root cutter idle, then the tractor advances, the machine tool is pressed down through the three-point suspension system, the profiling wheel is ensured to be in full contact with the ground, and the cutting root operation of the left and right two disc cutting root cutters is completed by relying on the traction of the tractor; the driving power of the machine tool is transmitted to the gear box through the hexagonal shaft, the power output shaft of the gear box transmits the driving power to the input shaft of the reversing device through the mechanical power transmission system, the driving power is then transmitted to the cutter shaft through the hexagonal output hole, the cutter shaft and the cutter disc seat are connected through a common flat key, so that the active cutting root cutter is driven to rotate, and the active cutting root repair and compacting operation is completed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] The advantage of the application is that the soil firmness can be monitored in real time during the operation, and the optimal operation speed is calculated and output through the data processing and transmission module, so as to optimize the operation effect; the "human" shaped structure ensures that the rear profiling wheel is in contact with the ground, and the front disc cutting knife can adapt to the cutting operation of high firmness soil, and through the cooperation of the front and rear profiling devices, the consistency of the cutting and reseeding depth is realized, so as to complete the operation process of cutting, reseeding and compacting; after the operation is completed, three furrows are formed, wherein the A furrow is formed after cutting, reseeding and compacting, and the B and C furrows are only formed by cutting, which significantly improves the efficiency of the improvement of degraded grassland under low disturbance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grassland low-disturbance seeding device of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parts of the grassland low-disturbance seeding device of the application;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active cutting and ditching device of the application;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active cutting and ditching device of the application;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc cutting device of the application;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the grassland low-disturbance seeding device of the application;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the grassland low-disturbance seeding device of the application;

[0023] The reference signs in the drawings are: 1 disc cutting system; 11 profiling spring lower connecting ear; 12 tension and pressure sensor; 13 sensor fixing plate; 14 cutting depth adjusting plate; 15 disc cutting knife; 16 clamping plate; 17 U-shaped bolt; 18 signal processing module; 19 data transmitter;

[0024] 2 profiling device; 21 lower connecting fork; 22 spring; 23 screw rod; 24 adjusting nut; 25 upper connecting fork;

[0025] 3 single suspension device; 31 support sleeve; 32 suspension frame; 33 bolt fixing plate; 34 U-shaped bolt;

[0026] 4 "human" shaped support side plate;

[0027] 5 Active root cutting and furrowing device; 51 Profiling wheel; 52 Profiling wheel hub; 536206-2RZ Deep groove ball bearing; 541 Knife shaft; 542 Shaft end retainer; 543 Shaft end set screw; 55 Spacer sleeve; 561 Knife disc; 562 Knife disc seat; 563 Active root cutting knife; 57 UELFU 306 with square seat bearing; 581 Root cutting knife guard; 582 Sliding knife furrower; 583 Seed tube;

[0028] 6 "V" shaped roller; 61 Roller carrier; 62 Angle adjustment handle; 63 Spring; 64 Solid rubber wheel; 65 Mud scraper;

[0029] 7 Mechanical power transmission system; 711 Gear box; 712 Gear box mounting plate; 72 Splined sleeve; 73 Overhead sprocket; 74 Double row chain; 75 Underneath sprocket; 76 Connecting shaft; 77 Hexagonal sleeve; 781 Commutator; 782 Commutator seat; 783 Commutator retainer plate;

[0030] 8 Rear profiling device mounting bracket; 81 Support bracket; 82 Support lug;

[0031] 9 Roller mounting bracket; 91 Roller support bracket; 92 Roller mounting side plate; 93 Roller retaining pin shaft; 94 Spring retaining pin shaft DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The application will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0033] As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the present application provides a low disturbance seeding / repair (mixed) seeding device for grassland, which comprises a disc cutting system 1, a profiled spring lower connecting lug 11, a tension and pressure sensor 12, a sensor fixing plate 13, a cutting depth adjusting plate 14, a disc cutting knife 15, a clamping plate 16, a U-shaped bolt 17, a signal processing module 18, a data transmitter 19, a profiling device 2, a single body suspension device 3, a "H" shaped support side plate 4, a active cutting and ditching device 5, a "V" shaped pressing device 6, a mechanical power transmission system 7, a rear profiling device fixing frame 8, a pressing wheel mounting frame 9; the low disturbance seeding / repair (mixed) seeding device for grassland is sequentially fixedly connected from front to rear as follows: the disc cutting system 1 is fixedly connected at the frontmost end of the "H" shaped support side plate 4, the profiling device 2 is hingedly connected above the disc cutting system 1, there are threaded holes below the spring lower connecting lug 11 and above the tension and pressure sensor 12, the spring lower connecting lug 11 and the tension and pressure sensor 12 are fixedly connected through a screw rod, a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the sensor fixing plate 13, the sensor fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the tension and pressure sensor 12 through a screw rod, the disc cutting knife 15 is installed at the lower end of the cutting depth adjusting plate 14, the cutting depth adjusting plate 14 is fixed on the vertical plates on the left and right sides of the sensor fixing plate 13 through the clamping plate 16 and the U-shaped bolt 17, the earth penetration depth of the disc cutting knife 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the U-shaped bolt 17, the signal processing module 18 and the data transmitter 19 are both fixedly connected above the sensor fixing plate 13, the single body suspension device 3 is rotatably connected to the inner side above the two "H" shaped support side plates 4, the active cutting and ditching device 5 is fixedly connected to the inner side below the two "H" shaped support side plates 4, the upper end of the mechanical power transmission system 7 is fixedly connected with the single body suspension device 3, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the active cutting and ditching device 5, the lower end of the rear profiling device fixing frame 8 is fixedly connected with the "H" shaped support side plate 4, and the upper end is hingedly connected with the profiling device 2, the pressing wheel mounting frame 9 is fixedly connected at the rear of the two "H" shaped support side plates, and the "V" shaped pressing device 6 is fixedly connected behind the pressing wheel mounting frame 9; the working depth of the disc cutting system 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the clamping plate 16, the tension and pressure sensor 12 can detect the soil firmness in real time during the working process, the signal processing module 18 can receive and process the signals detected by the tension and pressure sensor 12, calculate the best working speed of the machine according to the real-time soil firmness and the preset firmness and speed comparison parameters, and output, the data transmitter 19 can send the best working speed to the signal receiving equipment, the profiling device 2 has a profiling effect and can ensure that the working depth is always consistent, the single body suspension device 3 can suspend the present application on the cross beam of the machine frame, the active cutting and ditching device 5 can widen the ditch shape and guide the seeds into the seed ditch, the "V" shaped pressing device 6 can cover the soil and press after the seeds enter the seed ditch, and the mechanical power transmission system 7 can transmit the rotating speed and torque;

[0034] As Figure 3As shown, the profiling device 2 comprises a lower connecting fork 21, a spring 22, a screw rod 23, an adjusting nut 24, an upper connecting fork 25, a support ear 26, a support frame 27, the rear profiling device fixing frame 8 comprises a support frame 81, a support ear 82, the support frame 81 is fixedly connected on the "human" shaped support side plate 4 through four bolts on both sides, the support ear 82 is fixedly connected on the support frame 81, the lower connecting fork 21 is rotatably connected on the support ear 82 through a pin shaft, the screw rod 23 is fixedly connected in the center of the lower connecting fork 21, the spring 22 is sleeved on the screw rod 23, the lower end of the spring 22 is fixedly connected with the top of the lower connecting fork 21, the upper end of the spring 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper connecting fork 25, the adjusting nut 24 is screwed on the screw rod 23 and pressed on the upper end of the upper connecting fork 25, the size of the spring force of the damping device 2 can be adjusted by screwing the adjusting nut 24; the single body suspension device 3 comprises a support sleeve 31, a suspension frame 32, a bolt fixing plate 33, a U-shaped bolt 34; the support sleeve 31 is rotatably connected with the upper circular hole of the "human" shaped support side plate 4, the suspension frame 32 is installed on the "human" shaped support side plate 4 and rotatably connected with the support sleeve 31, the bolt fixing plate 33 is fixedly connected with the front end of the suspension frame 32, the U-shaped bolt 34 is fixedly connected in the circular hole of the bolt fixing plate 33; the U-shaped bolt 34 and the bolt fixing plate 33 can cooperate with each other to hang the invention on the corresponding machine tool, the support sleeve 31 and the "human" shaped support side plate 4 can both rotate with the support sleeve 31 as the rotation point; the mechanical power transmission system 7 comprises a gear box 711, a gear box mounting plate 712, a spline sleeve 72, an over chain sprocket 73, a double row chain 74, an under chain sprocket 75, a connecting shaft 76, a hexagonal sleeve 77, a commutator 781, a commutator seat 782, a commutator fixing plate 783; from top to bottom, the gear box 711 is fixedly connected above the gear box mounting plate 712 through foundation bolts, the right side of the gear box 711 is close to the support sleeve 31, the right side of the gear box mounting plate 712 is fixedly connected with the "human" shaped support side plate 4, the spline sleeve 72 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the gear box 711, the spline sleeve 72 is inserted into the inner hole of the over chain sprocket 73 and fixedly connected therewith, the double row chain 74 fixedly connects the over chain sprocket 73 and the under chain sprocket 75, the under chain sprocket 75 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the connecting shaft 76, the lower end of the connecting shaft 76 is fixedly connected with the hexagonal inner hole of the hexagonal sleeve 77, the input shaft of the commutator 781 is fixedly connected with the inner hole of the connecting shaft 76, the commutator seat 782 is fixedly connected above the commutator 781, the commutator fixing plate 783 is fixedly connected above the commutator seat 782, and the right side is fixedly connected with the "human" shaped support side plate 4; the "V" shaped pressing device 6 comprises a pressing wheel frame 61, an angle adjusting handle 62, a spring 63, a solid rubber wheel 64, a mud scraper 65; the pressing wheel mounting frame 9 comprises a pressing wheel support frame 91, a pressing wheel mounting side plate 92, a pressing wheel fixing pin shaft 93, a spring fixing pin shaft 94;Two side plates 92 are fixed on the rear of the roller support frame 91 by bolts, and the roller support frame 91 is fixed on the rear of the "H" shaped support side plate 4 by bolts. One end of the spring 63 of the "V" shaped roller is hung in the hole below the angle adjusting handle 62, and the other end of the spring 63 is hung on the spring fixing pin 94. The size of the pressure of the roller can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the angle adjusting handle 62 on the roller frame 61. The mud plate 65 can scrape the mud adhered to the solid rubber wheel 64 during the operation. The "V" shaped roller is connected to the roller mounting frame 9 by the roller fixing pin 93, and rotates around the roller fixing pin 93.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 The active root cutting and ditching device 5 includes a profiling wheel 51, a profiling wheel hub 52, a 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing 53, a cutter shaft 541, an axle end check ring 542, an axle end top wire 543, a spacer sleeve 55, a cutter disc 561, a cutter disc seat 562, an active root cutting cutter 563, a UELFU 306 square seat bearing 57, a root cutting cutter guard 581, a sliding cutter ditcher 582, and a seed tube 583. Figure 4In order to be installed in sequence, the boss of the cutter shaft 541 is taken as the center, and the parts are installed from left to right. The 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing 53 is installed on the left side of the cutter shaft 541. The bearing outer ring of the two 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearings 53 is installed on the inner ring of the profiled wheel hub 52. The outer ring of the profiled wheel hub 52 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the profiled wheel 51. The left side of the 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing 53 is next to the spacing sleeve 55. The left side of the spacing sleeve 55 is next to the UELFU 306 square seat bearing 57. The axial positioning of the parts on the left side of the cutter shaft 541 is completed by the locking sleeve of the UELFU 306 square seat bearing 57. The boss right side of the cutter shaft 541 is next to the cutter seat 562. The cutter seat 562 is fixedly connected with the cutter shaft 541 through the common flat key. The outer ring of the cutter seat 562 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the cutter 561. The driving root cutter 563 is fixedly connected in the square cutter library of the cutter 561. The right side of the cutter seat 562 is next to the UELFU 306 square seat bearing 57. The axial positioning of the parts on the right side of the boss of the cutter shaft 541 is completed by the shaft end check ring 542 on the right side of the UELFU 306 square seat bearing 57. The rightmost side of the cutter shaft 541 is provided with a threaded hole. The shaft end check ring 542 is locked at the rightmost end of the cutter shaft 541 by the shaft end jack 543. The root cutter guard 581 is installed between the two UELFU 306 square seat bearings 57. The root cutter guard 581 is followed by the sliding knife type furrow opener 582. The root cutter guard 581 and the sliding knife type furrow opener 582 are an integral whole. The bottom end of the seed tube 583 is fixedly connected at a distance of 15 mm from the bottom end of the sliding knife type furrow opener 582. The root cutter guard 581 can play a safety protection role. The sliding knife type furrow opener 582 extending out of the rear end can realize expanded trench seeding, so that the driving root cutting and the driven furrowing become an integral whole. The sliding knife type furrow opener 582 has a certain slope after installation relative to the horizontal plane, which can prevent the seed tube 583 from being blocked by soil scraping. The sliding knife type furrow opener 582 has a blade opening in the soil entering part. The bottom end of the seed tube 583 has a slope and a 15 mm gap with the bottom end of the sliding knife type furrow opener 582, which can also prevent soil from entering the seed tube during operation and causing blockage;

[0036] As shown in Figure 6 a is the turning point of the invention. When encountering uneven working conditions, the profiled wheel encounters the force F, and the whole invention will rotate around point a to realize the profiling function. b and c are the turning points of the profiling device 2. d is the turning point of the driving root cutter 563 and the profiled wheel 51. e is the turning point of the disc root cutter 15. The working depth of the disc root cutter 15 can be freely adjusted. The working depth of the driving root cutter 563 and the sliding knife type furrow opener 582 is fixed at 60 mm.

[0037] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the invention can form three furrows A, B and C after operation, wherein B and C are very narrow furrows less than 5 mm formed by the disc root cutter 15, and A is a seed furrow of about 8 mm formed by the driving root cutter 563 and the sliding cutter opener 582. After connecting the universal seeding device for seeding, the soil covering and pressing device 6 is used for covering and pressing, so as to realize low disturbance seeding / interplanting (mixing) operation.

Claims

1. A low disturbance seeding device for prairie soils, characterized by: The front end of two "human" shaped support side plates (4) is fixedly connected with a disc root cutting system (1), the upper side of the disc root cutting system (1) is hingedly connected with a profiling device (2), a single body suspension device (3) is rotatably connected with the "human" shaped support side plates (4), a driving root cutting and ditching device (5) is installed on the inner side below the two "human" shaped support side plates (4), a "V" shaped pressing device (6) is installed at the rear of the two "human" shaped support side plates (4), a mechanical power transmission system (7) is rotatably connected with the upper end of the single body suspension device (3) and fixedly connected with the lower end of the driving root cutting and ditching device (5), the upper end of a rear profiling device fixing frame (8) is rotatably connected with the lower end of the profiling device (2), the lower end is fixedly connected on the upper side of the rear side of the "human" shaped support side plates (4), a pressing wheel mounting frame (9) is installed at the rear of the profiling device (2), and the "V" shaped pressing device (6) is installed behind the pressing wheel mounting frame (9); the disc root cutting system (1) has the functions of cutting the root system of shallow soil and measuring the real-time soil firmness, the profiling device (2) has the profiling function, the driving root cutting and ditching device (5) can widen the ditch shape and guide the seeds into the seed ditch, the "V" shaped pressing device (6) carries out the covering and pressing after the seeds enter the seed ditch, and the mechanical power transmission system (7) can transmit the rotating speed and the torque; the disc root cutting system (1) comprises a profiling spring lower connecting lug (11), a tension and pressure sensor (12), a sensor fixing plate (13), a root cutting depth adjusting plate (14), a disc root cutting knife (15), a clamping plate (16), a U-shaped bolt (17), a signal processing module (18) and a data transmitter (19), the lower side of the profiling spring lower connecting lug (11) is provided with a threaded hole, the upper side of the tension and pressure sensor (12) is also provided with a threaded hole, the profiling spring lower connecting lug (11) and the tension and pressure sensor (12) are fixedly connected through a screw rod, the middle of the sensor fixing plate (13) is provided with a threaded hole, the sensor fixing plate (13) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the tension and pressure sensor (12) through a screw rod, the lower end of the root cutting depth adjusting plate (14) is provided with the disc root cutting knife (15), the root cutting depth adjusting plate (14) is fixed on the vertical plates on the left and right sides of the sensor fixing plate (13) through the clamping plate (16) and the U-shaped bolt (17), the tightness of the U-shaped bolt (17) can adjust the soil penetration depth of the disc root cutting knife (15), and the signal processing module (18) and the data transmitter (19) are fixedly connected above the sensor fixing plate (13).The tensile and compressive force sensor (12) is used for measuring the soil firmness in real time during the operation process, the cutting depth adjusting plate (14) is used for adjusting the operation depth of the disc cutting knife (15), the disc cutting knife (15) is used for cutting the shallow grass roots to form an extremely narrow operation groove, the signal processing module (18) can receive and process the signal detected by the tensile and compressive force sensor (12), calculate the best operation speed of the machine according to the real-time soil firmness and the preset firmness and speed comparison parameter and output, and the data transmitter (19) sends the best operation speed to the signal receiving equipment for real-time adjustment of the operation speed.

2. A low disturbance seeding device for prairie soils as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The active root cutting opening device (5) comprises a profiling wheel (51), a profiling wheel hub (52), a 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing (53), a cutter shaft (541), an axial end retainer (542), an axial end top screw (543), a spacer sleeve (55), a cutter disc (561), a cutter disc seat (562), an active root cutting knife (563), a UELFU 306 square seat bearing (57), a root cutting knife shield (581), a sliding knife opener (582), and a seed guide tube (583). The profiling wheel (51) and the profiling wheel hub (52) are fixedly connected by bolts, the 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearings (53) are respectively arranged on both sides of the profiling wheel hub (52), the left side of the 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing (53) is close to the boss of the cutter shaft (541), the right side of the 6206-2RZ deep groove ball bearing (53) is close to the spacer sleeve (55), the spacer sleeve (55) is close to the UELFU 306 square seat bearing (57), the right side parts of the cutter shaft (541) are all axially positioned, the left side of the boss of the cutter shaft (541) is matched with the cutter disc seat (562) and connected by a common flat key, the cutter disc (561) is coaxially fixedly connected with the cutter disc seat (562), the active root cutting knife (563) is fixedly connected in the square cutter library of the cutter disc (561), the left side of the cutter disc seat (562) is close to the right side of the UELFU 306 square seat bearing (57), the left side of the UELFU 306 square seat bearing (57) is axially positioned by the axial end retainer (542), the leftmost end of the cutter shaft (541) has a threaded hole, the axial end top screw (543) is fixedly connected with the threaded hole at the leftmost end of the cutter shaft (541) to lock the axial end retainer (542), and all the parts on the left side of the cutter shaft (541) are axially positioned, the root cutting knife shield (581) is provided with bolt connection holes and is installed on the inner sides of the two UELFU 306 square seat bearings (57), the root cutting knife shield (581) prevents safety accidents from occurring during the operation of the active root cutting knife (563), the lower half of the root cutting knife shield (581) is the sliding knife opener (582), the sliding knife opener (582) has a certain slope relative to the horizontal plane, the seed guide tube (583) is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the sliding knife opener (582) at a distance of 15 mm from the lowermost end of the sliding knife opener (582), the sliding knife opener (582) widens the seed furrow cut by the active root cutting knife (563) to 8 mm, the seed guide tube (583) guides the seeds into the widened seed furrow of the sliding knife opener (582), and finally the V-shaped pressing device (6) covers the soil and moderately presses.

3. A low disturbance seeding device for prairie soils as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The mechanical power transmission system (7) includes a gear box (711), a gear box mounting plate (712), a spline sleeve (72), an upper chain wheel (73), a double row chain (74), a lower chain wheel (75), a connecting shaft (76), a hexagonal sleeve (77), a reverser (781), a reverser seat (782), a reverser fixing plate (783); the gear box (711) is fixedly connected above the gear box mounting plate (712) by anchor bolts, the gear box mounting plate (712) is fixedly connected to the "person” shaped support side plate (4) under the condition of ensuring that the gear box (711) and the support sleeve (31) are concentric, the upper end of the spline sleeve (72) is matched with the output shaft of the gear box (711), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the chain wheel upper chain wheel (73); the lower chain wheel (75) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the connecting shaft (76) through a common flat key, the lower end of the connecting shaft (76) is a hexagonal shaft head, which is fixedly connected with the hexagonal sleeve (77), the hexagonal sleeve (77) is fixedly connected with the power input shaft of the reverser (781), the reverser (781) is fixed below the reverser seat (782) through anchor bolts, the reverser seat (782) is connected below the reverser fixing plate (783) through bolts, the reverser fixing plate (783) is fixedly connected to the left side of the "person” shaped support side plate (4), the power output shaft of the gear box (711) transmits driving force to the input shaft of the reverser (781) through the mechanical power transmission system, and then the driving force is transmitted to the cutter shaft (541) through the hexagonal output hole, the cutter shaft (541) is connected with the cutter seat (562) through a common flat key, so that the driven root cutting knife (563) is driven to rotate, and the driven root cutting and compacting operation is completed.

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