A fish species identification device and method based on passive acoustic information

Abstract

The application discloses a fish variety recognition device and method based on passive acoustic information in the field of fish recognition, and the fish recognition machine comprises a solar energy floating water assembly for energy supply, a plurality of hydrophones and an energy signal transmission line are arranged at the bottom of the solar energy floating water assembly, a submarine assembly for recognizing and judging fish acoustic information is arranged below the solar energy floating water assembly, the energy signal transmission line is connected with the submarine assembly, and a bottom hydrophone connected with the energy signal transmission line is arranged below the submarine assembly. The application has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation, and the fish on the surface of the water body is subjected to acoustic information collection through the cooperation of the solar energy floating water assembly and the hydrophone. The submarine assembly and the bottom hydrophone are cooperated to complete the acoustic information collection of the fish in the middle layer and the bottom layer of the water body. Finally, the problem of large fish acoustic information collection error value is solved through average analysis and judgment of acoustic information collection in three directions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fish identification, and specifically relates to a fish species identification device and method based on passive acoustic information. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fish species identification based on passive acoustic information has important application value in multiple fields, especially in marine ecology, aquaculture, fishery resource assessment, and aquatic biodiversity research. This technology can effectively help researchers and aquaculture workers accurately identify and manage fish species, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency and the economic benefits of aquaculture production.

[0003] In marine ecology research, passive acoustic information can be used to monitor and study the distribution, abundance, and population structure of fish. For example, by analyzing fish sound signals, scientists can understand the aggregation behavior and migration patterns of fish, which is crucial for understanding the health status of marine ecosystems and developing appropriate protection measures. In aquaculture, the application of passive acoustic information technology can achieve real-time monitoring of farmed fish populations. Through sound signals, not only can the health status and growth of fish populations be evaluated, but also potential disease outbreaks and invasive species can be warned, ensuring the stability of the aquaculture environment and the safety of fish products.

[0004] In terms of fishery resource assessment, passive acoustic information can help assess the amount of fish resources and species diversity in a particular area. This provides an important basis for developing reasonable fishing plans and implementing sustainable fishery management strategies. For the study of aquatic biodiversity, passive acoustic information provides a non-invasive research method. Researchers can study species diversity and its relationship with environmental factors by collecting and analyzing fish sound signals.

[0005] However, the current fish identification device may lead to misjudgment of fish species identification due to the lack of image, microenvironment, and behavior information assistance. At the same time, there is a problem of large fish acoustic information collection error caused by insufficient acoustic information data collected by single-direction collection devices. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a fish species identification device and method based on passive acoustic information. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problem of large fish acoustic information collection error of the traditional fish acoustic information collection, the purpose of the present application is to provide a fish species identification device based on passive acoustic information, which completes the collection of fish acoustic information on the surface of the water body through the cooperation of the solar energy floating water assembly and the hydrophone, and completes the collection of fish acoustic information in the middle and bottom layers of the water body through the cooperation of the submarine assembly and the bottom hydrophone. The problem of large fish acoustic information collection error is solved by average analysis and judgment of acoustic information collection in three directions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0008] A fish species identification device based on passive acoustic information, comprising a solar energy floating water assembly for energy supply, a plurality of hydrophones and an energy signal transmission line are arranged at the bottom of the solar energy floating water assembly, a submarine assembly for identifying and judging fish acoustic information is arranged below the solar energy floating water assembly, the energy signal transmission line is connected with the submarine assembly, and a bottom-mounted hydrophone connected with the energy signal transmission line is arranged below the submarine assembly.

[0009] The principle of the basic scheme is:

[0010] Through the cooperation of the solar energy floating water assembly and the hydrophone, the fish on the surface of the water body is subjected to acoustic information collection. Through the cooperation of the submarine assembly and the bottom-mounted hydrophone, the fish acoustic information in the middle and bottom layers of the water body is collected, so that the identification system can receive multiple acoustic information from three directions for average analysis and judgment, reducing the error rate of fish judgment. The problem of large fish acoustic information collection error value is solved.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are:

[0012] 1. The three levels of the water body are provided with hydrophones, which can realize three-directional multiple acoustic characteristic information collection of fish in the water, provide a large amount of data support for noise reduction and fish species average analysis and judgment in the subsequent method, and reduce the misjudgment of fish.

[0013] 2. The solar energy floating water assembly can realize self-energy charging of the device, provide an energy source for long-time operation in the subsequent method steps, reduce energy waste and environmental pollution, and meet the requirements of sustainable development of the device.

[0014] 3. The submarine assembly can realize manual control and movement of the device, and the submarine is gradually moved to the direction where the fish characteristics are collected, and the process is relatively slow, which can reduce the shock to the fish, and the device is closer to the fish to be monitored, reducing the influence of noise from the water body on the hydrophone. The fish acoustic characteristics collected by the device are more accurate, and the flexibility and accuracy of the device are improved.

[0015] Further, the solar energy floating water assembly comprises a solar cell panel, the solar cell panel is fixedly connected with a floating water material at the bottom, the floating water material is also provided with a plurality of hydrophones on both sides, and the floating water material is fixedly connected with the submarine assembly by an energy signal transmission line below.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are:

[0017] The solar panel can power the device itself, reducing energy waste and better coordinating with the long-running method. The floating material not only ensures the floating of the solar panel, but also provides part of the buoyancy for the submarine assembly, ensuring the overall stability of the device in the water.

[0018] Further, the submarine assembly includes a submarine, a camera is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the submarine, a lithium battery and a motor are arranged on the inner top wall of the submarine, a winding wheel is arranged on the side of the motor close to the camera, the output shaft of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the winding wheel, an energy signal transmission line penetrates through the outer wall of the submarine and is rotationally connected with the winding wheel, and a plurality of hydrophones are also arranged on the inner and outer walls of the submarine.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are:

[0020] The camera can collect an image when the fish approaches the device, and the fish characteristics acoustic information collected by the device can better assist in judging the fish. The lithium battery ensures that the device can still rely on its own energy to run for a period of time in extreme conditions, improving the stability of the device. The submarine can drive the device to an area more suitable for collecting acoustic information characteristics, increasing the flexibility of the device.

[0021] Further, a fish catching cavity is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the submarine, and a fish food bait dispenser is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the fish catching cavity.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are:

[0023] The cooperation of the fish catching cavity and the fish food bait dispenser can release corresponding fish inducing agents to induce fish into the device, reduce the influence of water noise on the collection of acoustic characteristics, and improve the accuracy of acoustic collection of the device.

[0024] Further, a fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1, release of the identification machine; the identification machine is released into a specified water area, the solar panel is floated on the specified water area by the floating material, the energy signal transmission line below the solar panel is connected with the underwater submarine signal, and the energy signal transmission line below the underwater submarine is connected with the bottom-mounted hydrophone signal;

[0026] Step 2, collection and processing of acoustic information; the fish acoustic information collected by the plurality of hydrophones and the bottom-mounted hydrophones on the identification machine is transmitted to the processing system to be converted into electrical signals, and then amplified, filtered and digitized by the electrical signal processing system;

[0027] Step three, extraction and matching of acoustic information; the acoustic information reflecting the characteristics of fish is extracted from the complex acoustic signal through a specific algorithm, and the extracted acoustic information is then used for identification and judgment of fish species. By establishing a database of fish acoustic characteristics, the acoustic characteristics of each fish species have a unique matching item in the database, and by matching the same or similar characteristics in the database, the species of fish is determined;

[0028] Step four, posture adjustment of the recognition machine; when the noise in the collected acoustic information is too large, and the similarity rate of the matching with the database is too low, the submarine will gradually move towards the direction of the collected acoustic information, and induce the fish to enter the machine to complete the accurate acoustic information collection and judgment;

[0029] Step five, long-term real-time monitoring and feedback, the recognition machine completes its charging through the solar panel floating on the water surface, can run for a long time in the designated area, the submarine is connected with the external signal, transmits the machine state and data information to the user for feedback in real time, and receives the operation instructions from the user.

[0030] Further, the electric signal processing in step two refers to using an electronic amplifier to enhance the volume and clarity of the collected acoustic signal, using a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter to improve the frequency spectrum balance of the sound and reduce the influence of background noise, and finally using a digital signal processor to edit, synthesize and encrypt the sound signal in real time.

[0031] Further, the specific algorithm in step three refers to using wavelet transform to reduce noise for stationary sound information, and using Fourier transform to reduce noise for non-stationary sound information.

[0032] Further, the database of fish acoustic characteristics in step three refers to using time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and cepstrum analysis to establish a database of fish acoustic characteristics for different species in different water conditions.

[0033] Further, the induction in step four refers to the opening of the fish catching cavity of the recognition machine to release the corresponding fish food attractant to catch the fish into the fish catching cavity for accurate acoustic information collection.

[0034] Further, the long-term operation in step five refers to that the storage battery can store a part of the electric quantity, and has an energy saving mode, when the monitoring demand decreases, the operation efficiency of the machine can be reduced or a small amount of hydrophones of the machine can be turned off to reduce the energy consumption of the machine to achieve longer operation efficiency.

[0035] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme are:

[0036] 1. Filtering is a crucial step in acoustic signal processing, involving the removal of unwanted frequency components from complex sound signals. Filters can be classified according to their frequency range: low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, and band-stop filters. In audio processing, filters can be used to improve the spectral balance of sound and reduce the impact of background noise. Filter types include low-pass filters, high-pass filters, band-pass filters, and band-stop filters. These filters can be used individually or in combination to achieve specific sound processing effects.

[0037] 2. Wavelet Transform (WT) is a signal analysis method that performs time-frequency analysis on a signal by decomposing it into components with different frequencies and time scales. The foundation of wavelet transform is its ability to represent a signal as a superposition of wavelet functions with different scale and shift parameters. This allows wavelet transform to simultaneously describe the time-frequency characteristics of a signal at multiple scales, exhibiting time-frequency localization. In audio denoising, wavelet transform can effectively extract the main features of a signal and remove noise.

[0038] 3. The device reduces the impact of noise on sound information acquisition in terms of physical hardware by collecting data from multiple hydrophones in three directions, collecting data close to the fish, and guiding the fish into the device. This improves the accuracy of the data acquisition and reduces the impact on the normal life of the fish.

[0039] 4. Long-term real-time monitoring means that the device can continuously receive and process the collected sound signals and provide real-time feedback to the user. Such a device can achieve real-time monitoring of fish population structure, growth status, disease occurrence, etc., enabling managers to make timely decisions and effectively control and manage fishery resources.

[0040] 5. The establishment of a database of fish acoustic characteristics can be applied in multiple fields, such as fisheries resource assessment, population monitoring, ecosystem research, fisheries management decision support, and underwater environmental monitoring. Through these applications, the database helps to achieve effective management and protection of marine biological resources. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a fish species identification device based on passive acoustic information in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of a fish species identification device based on passive acoustic information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is further described in detail through a specific embodiment:

[0045] The reference signs in the attached drawings of the specification include: solar panel 1, floating material 2, hydrophone 3, energy signal transmission line 4, submarine 5, storage battery 6, motor 7, collection wheel 8, camera 9, fish catching cavity 10, fish food bait dispenser 11, bottom hydrophone 12.

[0046] Example 1, substantially as shown in the attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 : A fish species identification device based on passive acoustic information, comprising a solar floating assembly for providing device energy, the bottom of the solar floating assembly is provided with a plurality of hydrophones 3 and energy signal transmission lines 4, the bottom of the solar floating assembly is provided with a submarine assembly connected with the energy signal transmission line 4 for identifying and judging fish acoustic information, and the bottom of the submarine assembly is provided with an HTX-20 bottom hydrophone 12 connected with the energy signal transmission line 4.

[0047] The solar floating assembly includes a solar panel 1, the bottom of which is fixedly connected with a floating material 2, and the two sides of the floating material 2 are also provided with a plurality of HTX-10 hydrophones 3, and the bottom of the floating material 2 is fixedly connected with the submarine 5 assembly by the energy signal transmission line 4. The submarine assembly includes a submarine 5, one side of the outer wall of which is provided with a camera 9 that can be used for underwater shooting, which is used as auxiliary collection. The inner top wall of the submarine 5 is provided with a storage battery 6 and a motor 7, and the motor 7 is provided with a collection wheel 8 near one side of the camera 9, and the output shaft of the motor 7 is coaxially fixedly connected with the collection wheel 8. The collection wheel 8 coaxially fixedly connected with the motor 7 can control the attitude of the device. The energy signal transmission line 4 penetrates through the outer wall of the submarine 5 and is wound and rotationally connected with the collection wheel 8, and a plurality of hydrophones 3 are also provided on the inner and outer walls of the submarine 5. The inner bottom wall of the submarine 5 is provided with a fish catching cavity 10, and the inner top wall of the fish catching cavity 10 is provided with a fixedly connected fish food bait dispenser 11. The fish food bait dispenser 11 can dispense corresponding fish food baits of different fish species.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0049] The user puts the identification device into the designated water area, the solar panel 1 starts to float on the designated water area through the floating material 2, the solar panel 1 charges the storage battery 6, and the whole device is powered on and starts to run. Under the joint action of the submarine 5 and the motor 7 driving the collection wheel 8, each hydrophone 3 and the bottom hydrophone 12 reaches the designated water position and starts to collect fish acoustic characteristics.

[0050] When it is detected that there is a large noise interference and fluctuation in the acoustic feature, the submarine 5 drives the entire device to start moving towards the direction where the acoustic feature signal is strong, and the movement is slow to reduce the shock to the fish and get closer to the fish that need to be monitored. In this process, the camera 9 takes pictures when the fish passes by to assist in judgment. If the actual fish species cannot be detected after running to the position due to various factors, the fish food bait dispenser 11 will release the fish food bait of the fish species with the highest similarity rate in the database to induce the fish into the fish catching cavity 10 for acoustic feature collection.

[0051] When the specified water area needs to be replaced, the device is gradually gathered towards the water surface under the joint action of the submarine 5 and the motor 7 driving the hub wheel 8, which is convenient for the user to collect and deploy next time.

[0052] Embodiment 2, basically as shown in the accompanying Figure 3 The fish species recognition method based on passive acoustic information is different from the above-mentioned embodiments, which comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step one, deployment of the recognition machine; the recognition machine is deployed in the specified water area, the solar panel 1 is floated on the specified water area by the floating material 2, the energy signal transmission line 4 below the solar panel 1 is signal connected with the submarine 5, and the energy signal transmission line 4 below the submarine 5 is signal connected with the bottom-mounted hydrophone 12, and the signal connection between the components improves the overall transmission efficiency of the signal;

[0054] Step two, collection and processing of acoustic information; the several hydrophones 3 on the recognition machine and the bottom-mounted hydrophone 12 collect fish acoustic information and transmit the data information to the processing system to convert it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified, filtered and digitized by the electrical signal processing system. The processed data can improve the efficiency of subsequent acoustic analysis;

[0055] Step three, extraction and matching of acoustic information; the acoustic information reflecting the characteristics of the fish is extracted from the complex acoustic signal through a specific algorithm, and the extracted acoustic information is then used for recognition and judgment of the fish species. By establishing a database of fish acoustic characteristics, the acoustic characteristics of each fish species have a unique matching item in the database. By matching the same or similar characteristics in the database, the species of the fish is determined;

[0056] Step four, posture adjustment of the recognition machine; when the noise in the collected acoustic information is too large, and the similarity rate of the same or similar characteristics matched with the database is too low, the submarine 5 will gradually move towards the direction where the acoustic information is collected to make the acoustic information collected by the machine more accurate, and induce the fish of the species to enter the inside of the machine to complete the accurate acoustic information collection and judgment;

[0057] Step five, long-term real-time monitoring and feedback, identify the machine through the solar cell panel 1 floating on the water to complete the charging of its own, reduce the waste of energy, so that the device can run in the designated area for a long time, submarine 5 and the outside signal connection, real-time transmission machine state and data information to the user feedback, and receive the operation instructions from the user.

[0058] It should be noted that in this document, the terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply these entities or operations to be in any such actual relationship or order. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0059] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the common knowledge of the specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail. The person skilled in the art knows all the common technical knowledge in the field of the application before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field, and has the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. The person skilled in the art can improve and implement the present scheme under the guidance of the present application, and the typical known structure or known method should not be an obstacle for the person skilled in the art to implement the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: Step one, the identification device is put into the designated water area; the identification device comprises a solar energy floating water component for energy supply, a number of hydrophones and energy signal transmission lines are arranged at the bottom of the solar energy floating water component, a submarine component for identifying and judging fish acoustic information is arranged below the solar energy floating water component, the energy signal transmission lines are connected with the submarine component, a bottom-hugging hydrophone is arranged below the submarine component and connected with the energy signal transmission lines; The solar energy floating water component comprises a solar cell panel, the bottom of the solar cell panel is fixedly connected with a floating water material, a number of hydrophones are arranged on the two sides of the floating water material, and the floating water material is fixedly connected with the submarine component through the energy signal transmission lines; the submarine component comprises a submarine, a camera is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the submarine, a lithium battery and a motor are arranged on the inner top wall of the submarine, a winding wheel is arranged on the side of the motor close to the camera, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the winding wheel in a same shaft manner, the energy signal transmission lines pass through the outer wall of the submarine and are connected with the winding wheel in a winding and rotating manner, and a number of hydrophones are arranged on the inner and outer walls of the submarine; a fish catching cavity is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the submarine, and a fish food bait dispenser is fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the fish catching cavity; After the identification device is put into the designated water area, the solar cell panel floats on the water surface through the floating water material, the energy signal transmission lines below the solar cell panel are connected with the submarine in the water, and the energy signal transmission lines below the submarine are connected with the bottom-hugging hydrophone; Step two, collection and processing of acoustic information; a number of hydrophones on the identification device and the bottom-hugging hydrophone collect fish acoustic information and transmit data information to a processing system to be converted into electric signals, then the electric signals are amplified, filtered and digitized through an electric signal processing system; Step three, extraction and matching of acoustic information; specific algorithms are used to extract acoustic information reflecting the characteristics of fish from complex acoustic signals, the extracted acoustic information is then used for identification and judgment of fish varieties, a database of fish acoustic characteristics is established, the acoustic characteristics of each fish have a unique matching item in the database, and the varieties of fish are determined by matching the same or similar characteristics in the database; Step four, posture adjustment of the identification device; when the noise in the collected acoustic information is too large and the similarity rate of the matching characteristics in the database is too low, the submarine will gradually move towards the direction of the collected acoustic information and induce the fish to enter the machine to complete accurate acoustic information collection and judgment; Step five, long-term real-time monitoring and feedback; the identification device is charged through the solar cell panel floating on the water surface, can operate for a long time in the designated area, the submarine is connected with the outside signal, transmits the device state and data information to the user in real time for feedback, and receives operation instructions from the user.

2. The fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric signal processing in step two refers to using an electronic amplifier to enhance the volume and clarity of the collected acoustic signals, using a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter to improve the frequency spectrum balance of the sound and reduce the influence of background noise, and finally using a digital signal processor to edit, synthesize and encrypt the sound signals in real time.

3. The fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific algorithm in step three refers to using wavelet transform to reduce noise for stationary sound information and using Fourier transform to reduce noise for non-stationary sound information.

4. The fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information according to claim 3, characterized in that: The database of fish acoustic characteristics in step three refers to using time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and cepstrum analysis to establish a database of fish acoustic characteristics for different species in different water conditions.

5. The fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information according to claim 4, characterized in that: The induction in step four refers to opening the fish trapping cavity of the identification device to release the fish food trapping agent corresponding to the fish, so as to trap the fish into the fish trapping cavity for accurate acoustic information collection.

6. The fish species identification method based on passive acoustic information according to claim 5, characterized in that: The long-time operation in step five refers to that the storage battery can store a part of the electric quantity and has an energy-saving mode, so that when the monitoring demand decreases, the operation efficiency of the device can be reduced or a small number of hydrophones of the device can be turned off.

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