Fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring early warning method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of advanced geological prediction of fault fracture zone tunnels, and the method includes: determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method; using induced polarization equipment to collect the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel and extracting useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signal; detecting the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, performing rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determining the geological characteristics; determining the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone according to the geological characteristics, the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic force change, and performing dynamic and static monitoring and early warning. The specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone can be judged more accurately, avoiding omissions or false alarms due to the defects of a single geological advance prediction technology, causing adverse geological disasters, reducing safety threats, and ensuring the stability of subsequent tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring of fault fracture zone tunnel geology. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the ground, and are a form of human use of underground space. Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. The structure of a tunnel consists of two parts: the main building and ancillary equipment. The main building consists of a tunnel body and a tunnel door. The ancillary equipment includes a car shelter, fire-fighting facilities, emergency communications, and drainage facilities. Long tunnels also have special ventilation and lighting equipment.

[0003] Fault fracture zone is the most common adverse geological phenomenon in the tunnel excavation process. Due to the relative movement of the two plates of the fault, they squeeze each other, causing the nearby rocks to break, thus forming a fracture zone parallel to the fault, which is filled with mud and mixed with broken rocks. In most cases, the fault fracture zone exists as a weak zone with low strength, easy deformation, high permeability and poor water resistance. When the tunnel passes through the fault fracture zone, the rock mass often slides, collapses or gushes along the weak structural surface, which not only seriously affects the stability of the tunnel, but also increases the difficulty and risk of construction. In severe cases, it will endanger the safety of construction workers. Therefore, strict geological monitoring work is required before tunnel construction. The existing geological monitoring work is carried out by the construction team using a single geological monitoring method. Due to its own technical defects, there may be omissions or false alarms, resulting in low accuracy of the detection results, which affects the stability and safety of subsequent tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the problems shown above, the present invention provides a fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring early warning method and system to solve the problem mentioned in the background technology that the construction team uses a single geological monitoring method for detection, which may result in omissions or false alarms due to its own technical defects, resulting in low accuracy of detection results, thereby affecting the stability and safety of subsequent tunnel construction.

[0005] A method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology comprises the following steps:

[0006] Determine the electrical property differences of geological layers in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method;

[0007] Using IP equipment to collect the acoustic wave signals of the geological layer in the target tunnel and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals;

[0008] Detect the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, conduct rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics;

[0009] Based on the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, extracted acoustic parameters, and magnetic changes, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out.

[0010] Preferably, the method of determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by the ultra-high density resistivity method includes:

[0011] According to the geological survey requirements, multiple suitable detection areas are selected in the target tunnel;

[0012] A series of parallel measuring lines are arranged in each detection area, and the distance between two adjacent parallel measuring lines is set to be the same;

[0013] Along the parallel survey line direction, the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves propagating in the geological layer of each detection area are collected point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time, and the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time are obtained according to the reflected signals;

[0014] The electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel are determined based on the conductivity data of each detection area.

[0015] Preferably, the method of collecting the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel by using the induced polarization instrument equipment and extracting the acoustic parameters to be used from the acoustic wave signal comprises:

[0016] Configure IP equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software;

[0017] Select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements. The setting parameters include: transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range;

[0018] Divide the target tunnel into multiple test areas according to its length, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time;

[0019] The data processing software of the sonar equipment is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the acoustic wave signal, and the acoustic parameters to be used are extracted based on the processed acoustic wave signal.

[0020] Preferably, the detecting of magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, performing rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determining geological characteristics includes:

[0021] A certain number of electrodes are randomly arranged in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field;

[0022] Arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate;

[0023] The initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field are collected by using a transient electromagnetic instrument, and the initial magnetic field data are subjected to inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing to obtain the target magnetic field data;

[0024] Determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data;

[0025] Determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel, and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the drilling holes according to the geological conditions;

[0026] Use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached;

[0027] Rock sampling is carried out in the geological stratum at the sampling depth to obtain core samples, and mineralogical observation, petrological characteristics description, stratigraphic division and structural analysis are carried out on the core samples to determine the geological characteristics.

[0028] Preferably, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined according to the geological characteristics, the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic force change, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out, including:

[0029] Determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel based on the geological characteristics;

[0030] Generate a stratum image in the target tunnel based on the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free;

[0031] Based on the stratigraphic image, the number, distribution, and extension direction of the cracks are identified and counted, and the location of the aquifer and fault fracture zone is determined in combination with geological data;

[0032] Model and analyze the geological layers in the target tunnel according to acoustic parameters using IP software to obtain analysis results;

[0033] According to the magnetic changes, the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined, and the abnormal magnetic area is matched with the location of the aquifer, the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results to determine whether the match is successful. If so, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out.

[0034] A fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring early warning system, the system comprises:

[0035] The first determination module is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method;

[0036] An extraction module, used for collecting the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel by using an induced polarization instrument and extracting useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signal;

[0037] An analysis module is used to detect the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, perform rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics;

[0038] The second determination module is used to determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and to conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning based on the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and magnetic changes.

[0039] Preferably, the first determining module includes:

[0040] A first selection submodule is used to select a plurality of suitable detection areas in the target tunnel according to geological survey requirements;

[0041] The layout submodule is used to layout a series of parallel measurement lines in each detection area, and set the same spacing between two adjacent parallel measurement lines;

[0042] The acquisition submodule is used to collect the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves propagating in the geological layer of each detection area point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time along the direction parallel to the survey line, and obtain the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time according to the reflected signals;

[0043] The first determination submodule is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the conductivity data of each detection area.

[0044] Preferably, the extraction module comprises:

[0045] Configuration submodule, used to configure IP instrument equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software;

[0046] The second selection submodule is used to select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements, including the transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range;

[0047] The recording submodule is used to divide a plurality of test areas according to the length of the target tunnel, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time;

[0048] The extraction submodule is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the sound wave signal using the data processing software of the sonar device, and extract the acoustic parameters to be used according to the processed sound wave signal.

[0049] Preferably, the analysis module comprises:

[0050] A first arrangement submodule is used to randomly arrange a certain number of electrodes in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field;

[0051] The second arrangement submodule is used to arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate;

[0052] The acquisition submodule is used to collect the initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field through the transient electromagnetic instrument, perform inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing on the initial magnetic field data, and obtain the target magnetic field data;

[0053] The second determination submodule is used to determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data;

[0054] The third determination submodule is used to determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the drilling hole according to the geological conditions;

[0055] The drilling submodule is used to use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached;

[0056] The sampling and analysis submodule is used to sample rocks in the geological layer at the sampling depth, obtain core samples, conduct mineralogical observations, describe petrological characteristics, divide stratigraphic layers and conduct structural analysis on the core samples, and determine geological characteristics.

[0057] Preferably, the second determining module includes:

[0058] A fourth determination submodule is used to determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the geological characteristics;

[0059] A fifth determination submodule is used to generate a stratum image in the target tunnel according to the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free;

[0060] The sixth determination submodule is used to identify and count the number, distribution, and extension direction characteristics of the cracks based on the formation image, and determine the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone in combination with the geological data;

[0061] The modeling and analysis submodule is used to model and analyze the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the acoustic parameters through the IP software to obtain the analysis results;

[0062] The seventh determination submodule is used to determine the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the magnetic changes, match the abnormal magnetic area with the location of the aquifer and the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results, and determine whether the match is successful. If so, determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

[0063] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0064] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 1 A workflow diagram of a fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning method provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 Another work flow chart of the method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system provided by the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a workflow diagram of the first determination module in the fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0071] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the ground, and are a form of human use of underground space. Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. The structure of a tunnel consists of two parts: the main building and ancillary equipment. The main building consists of a tunnel body and a tunnel door. The ancillary equipment includes a car shelter, fire-fighting facilities, emergency communications, and drainage facilities. Long tunnels also have special ventilation and lighting equipment.

[0072] Fault fracture zone is the most common adverse geological phenomenon in the process of tunnel excavation. Due to the relative movement of the two plates of the fault, they squeeze each other, causing the nearby rocks to break, thus forming a fracture zone parallel to the fault, which is filled with mud and mixed with broken rocks. In most cases, the fault fracture zone exists as a weak zone with low strength, easy deformation, high permeability and poor water resistance. When a tunnel passes through a fault fracture zone, the rock mass often slides, collapses or gushes along the weak structural surface, which not only seriously affects the stability of the tunnel, but also increases the difficulty and risk of construction. In severe cases, it will endanger the safety of construction personnel. Therefore, strict geological monitoring work is required before tunnel construction. The existing geological monitoring work is carried out by the construction team using a single geological monitoring method. Due to its own technical defects, there may be omissions or false alarms, resulting in low accuracy of the detection results, thereby affecting the stability and safety of subsequent tunnel construction. In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment discloses a dynamic and static monitoring and early warning method for advanced prediction of tunnel geology in a fault fracture zone.

[0073] A fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring early warning method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0074] Step S101, determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method;

[0075] Step S102, using an induced polarization instrument to collect acoustic wave signals of geological layers in the target tunnel and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals;

[0076] Step S103, detecting the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, performing rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determining the geological characteristics;

[0077] Step S104: determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone according to the geological characteristics, electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic changes, and perform dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

[0078] The working principle of the above technical solution is: determine the electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel by the ultra-high density resistivity method; use induced polarization equipment to collect the acoustic wave signals of the geological layers in the target tunnel and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals; detect the magnetic changes of the geological layers in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, conduct rock sampling and analysis on the geological layers in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics; determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone based on the geological characteristics, the electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic changes, and conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

[0079] The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: by combining the ultra-high density resistivity method, the land sonar method, the transient electromagnetic method and the geological drilling method, a comprehensive geological advance prediction is carried out on the fault fracture zone section of the tunnel project. After comparing and analyzing the prediction results and the on-site excavation, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone can be more accurately determined, avoiding omissions or false alarms due to the defects of a single geological advance prediction technology, causing adverse geological disasters, reducing safety threats, and ensuring the stability of subsequent tunnel construction. It solves the problem that the existing technology uses a single geological monitoring method for detection, which may result in omissions or false alarms due to its own technical defects, resulting in low accuracy of detection results, thereby affecting the stability and safety of subsequent tunnel construction.

[0080] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the method of determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by the ultra-high density resistivity method includes:

[0081] Step S201: selecting multiple suitable detection areas in the target tunnel according to geological survey requirements;

[0082] Step S202: Arrange a series of parallel measuring lines in each detection area, and set the same distance between two adjacent parallel measuring lines;

[0083] Step S203, along the direction parallel to the survey line, collect the reflected signal of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the geological layer of each detection area point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time, and obtain the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time according to the reflected signal;

[0084] Step S204: determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the conductivity data of each detection area.

[0085] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by laying out a series of parallel measuring lines in each detection area, collecting the reflected signals propagating in the geological layer along the direction of the parallel measuring lines, obtaining the conductivity data of each point, frequency and time, thereby determining the electrical differences of the geological layers in the tunnel, and being able to quickly understand the geological structure. At the same time, the conductivity data can reflect the degree of weathering of the rocks in the tunnel, and then judge the risk level of geological disasters.

[0086] In one embodiment, the method of collecting the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel and extracting the acoustic parameters to be used from the acoustic wave signal includes:

[0087] Configure IP equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software;

[0088] Select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements. The setting parameters include: transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range;

[0089] Divide the target tunnel into multiple test areas according to its length, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time;

[0090] The data processing software of the sonar equipment is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the acoustic wave signal, and the acoustic parameters to be used are extracted based on the processed acoustic wave signal.

[0091] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: selecting the signal source and signal type of the induced polarization device according to the application scenario, and setting the parameters, activating the induced polarization device and recording the sound wave signal collected by the acoustic listening device, preprocessing the sound wave signal, and extracting the acoustic parameters to be used, which can improve the reliability of the acquired data and avoid disasters in the tunnel caused by signals ignored due to noise.

[0092] In one embodiment, the detecting of magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, performing rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determining geological characteristics include:

[0093] A certain number of electrodes are randomly arranged in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field;

[0094] Arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate;

[0095] The initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field are collected by using a transient electromagnetic instrument, and the initial magnetic field data are subjected to inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing to obtain the target magnetic field data;

[0096] Determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data;

[0097] Determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel, and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the drilling holes according to the geological conditions;

[0098] Use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached;

[0099] Rock sampling is carried out in the geological stratum at the sampling depth to obtain core samples, and mineralogical observation, petrological characteristics description, stratigraphic division and structural analysis are carried out on the core samples to determine the geological characteristics.

[0100] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by randomly arranging electrodes in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field, arranging the transient electromagnetic instrument according to a predetermined plan, and setting working parameters such as voltage, current and sampling rate, the underground tunnel information in the tunnel can be more effectively obtained, and then the initial magnetic field data in the tunnel is collected by the electromagnetic instrument, and anti-filtering and de-cluttering preprocessing are performed to obtain the target magnetic field data, and the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the tunnel are determined, so that important information about the geological structure of the tunnel can be obtained, which is helpful to guide subsequent tunnel mining and safety management work. Furthermore, the drilling position, depth, direction and sampling depth are designed according to the geological conditions, and a drilling rig is used for drilling to obtain core samples, and the samples are analyzed in detail to obtain geological characteristic information, which can more accurately understand the geological conditions in the tunnel and provide important basic data for subsequent tunnel design and construction.

[0101] In one embodiment, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined according to the geological characteristics, the electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic changes, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are performed, including:

[0102] Determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel based on the geological characteristics;

[0103] Generate a stratum image in the target tunnel based on the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free;

[0104] Based on the stratigraphic image, the number, distribution, and extension direction of the cracks are identified and counted, and the location of the aquifer and fault fracture zone is determined in combination with geological data;

[0105] Model and analyze the geological layers in the target tunnel according to acoustic parameters using IP software to obtain analysis results;

[0106] According to the magnetic changes, the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined, and the abnormal magnetic area is matched with the location of the aquifer, the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results to determine whether the match is successful. If so, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out.

[0107] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by determining the similarity between the stratigraphic image and the underlying structure, the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone are determined based on the stratigraphic image. At the same time, the geological layer in the target tunnel is modeled and analyzed through the induced polarization software, and the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined according to the magnetic change. The specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and the type and intensity of underground tectonic activities can be judged in time, and movements can be monitored and warned in time. At the same time, the nature and structural characteristics of the stratum can be preliminarily judged, thereby providing a scientific basis for the design and construction of the tunnel and avoiding construction difficulties and safety risks caused by complex geological conditions.

[0108] In one embodiment, this embodiment also discloses a fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring early warning system, such as Figure 3 As shown, the system includes:

[0109] The first determination module 301 is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method;

[0110] An extraction module 302 is used to collect acoustic wave signals of geological layers in a target tunnel using an induced polarization instrument and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals;

[0111] The analysis module 303 is used to detect the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, perform rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics;

[0112] The second determination module 304 is used to determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and to perform dynamic and static monitoring and early warning based on the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and magnetic changes.

[0113] The working principle of the above technical solution is: first, the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined by the first determination module through the ultra-high density resistivity method; secondly, the extraction module is used to collect the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel using the induced polarization instrument equipment and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signal; then, the analysis module is used to detect the magnetic change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, and the rock sampling and analysis of the geological layer in the target tunnel are carried out to determine the geological characteristics; finally, the second determination module is used to determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone according to the geological characteristics, the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters and the magnetic change, and to carry out dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

[0114] The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: by combining the ultra-high density resistivity method, land sonar method, transient electromagnetic method and geological drilling method, a comprehensive geological advance prediction of the fault fracture zone section of the tunnel project is carried out. After comparing and analyzing the prediction results and on-site excavation, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone can be judged more accurately, avoiding omissions or false alarms due to the defects of a single geological advance prediction technology, causing adverse geological disasters, reducing safety threats, and ensuring the stability of subsequent tunnel construction.

[0115] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the first determining module 301 includes:

[0116] The first selection submodule 3011 is used to select a plurality of suitable detection areas in the target tunnel according to the geological survey requirements;

[0117] The layout submodule 3012 is used to layout a series of parallel measurement lines in each detection area, and set the same spacing between two adjacent parallel measurement lines;

[0118] The acquisition submodule 3013 is used to collect the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves propagating in the geological layer of each detection area point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time along the direction parallel to the survey line, and obtain the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time according to the reflected signals;

[0119] The first determination submodule 3014 is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the conductivity data of each detection area.

[0120] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by laying out a series of parallel measuring lines in each detection area, collecting the reflected signals propagating in the geological layer along the direction of the parallel measuring lines, obtaining the conductivity data of each point, frequency and time, thereby determining the electrical differences of the geological layers in the tunnel, and being able to quickly understand the geological structure. At the same time, the conductivity data can reflect the degree of weathering of the rocks in the tunnel, and then judge the risk level of geological disasters.

[0121] In one embodiment, the extraction module comprises:

[0122] Configuration submodule, used to configure IP instrument equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software;

[0123] The second selection submodule is used to select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements, including the transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range;

[0124] The recording submodule is used to divide a plurality of test areas according to the length of the target tunnel, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time;

[0125] The extraction submodule is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the sound wave signal using the data processing software of the sonar device, and extract the acoustic parameters to be used according to the processed sound wave signal.

[0126] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: selecting the signal source and signal type of the induced polarization device according to the application scenario, and setting the parameters, activating the induced polarization device and recording the sound wave signal collected by the acoustic listening device, preprocessing the sound wave signal, and extracting the acoustic parameters to be used, which can improve the reliability of the acquired data and avoid disasters in the tunnel caused by signals ignored due to noise.

[0127] In one embodiment, the analysis module comprises:

[0128] A first arrangement submodule is used to randomly arrange a certain number of electrodes in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field;

[0129] The second arrangement submodule is used to arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate;

[0130] The acquisition submodule is used to collect the initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field through the transient electromagnetic instrument, perform inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing on the initial magnetic field data, and obtain the target magnetic field data;

[0131] The second determination submodule is used to determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data;

[0132] The third determination submodule is used to determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the drilling hole according to the geological conditions;

[0133] The drilling submodule is used to use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached;

[0134] The sampling and analysis submodule is used to sample rocks in the geological layer at the sampling depth, obtain core samples, conduct mineralogical observations, describe petrological characteristics, divide stratigraphic layers and conduct structural analysis on the core samples, and determine geological characteristics.

[0135] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by randomly arranging electrodes in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field, arranging the transient electromagnetic instrument according to a predetermined plan, and setting working parameters such as voltage, current and sampling rate, the underground tunnel information in the tunnel can be more effectively obtained, and then the initial magnetic field data in the tunnel is collected by the electromagnetic instrument, and anti-filtering and de-cluttering preprocessing are performed to obtain the target magnetic field data, and the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the tunnel are determined, so that important information about the geological structure of the tunnel can be obtained, which is helpful to guide subsequent tunnel mining and safety management work. Furthermore, the drilling position, depth, direction and sampling depth are designed according to the geological conditions, and a drilling rig is used for drilling to obtain core samples, and the samples are analyzed in detail to obtain geological characteristic information, which can more accurately understand the geological conditions in the tunnel and provide important basic data for subsequent tunnel design and construction.

[0136] In one embodiment, the second determining module includes:

[0137] A fourth determination submodule is used to determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the geological characteristics;

[0138] A fifth determination submodule is used to generate a stratum image in the target tunnel according to the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free;

[0139] The sixth determination submodule is used to identify and count the number, distribution, and extension direction characteristics of the cracks based on the formation image, and determine the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone in combination with the geological data;

[0140] The modeling and analysis submodule is used to model and analyze the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the acoustic parameters through the IP software to obtain the analysis results;

[0141] The seventh determination submodule is used to determine the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the magnetic changes, match the abnormal magnetic area with the location of the aquifer and the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results, and determine whether the match is successful. If so, determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

[0142] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by determining the similarity between the stratigraphic image and the underlying structure, the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone are determined based on the stratigraphic image. At the same time, the geological layer in the target tunnel is modeled and analyzed through the induced polarization software, and the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined according to the magnetic change. The specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and the type and intensity of underground tectonic activities can be judged in time, and movements can be monitored and warned in time. At the same time, the nature and structural characteristics of the stratum can be preliminarily judged, thereby providing a scientific basis for the design and construction of the tunnel and avoiding construction difficulties and safety risks caused by complex geological conditions.

[0143] Those skilled in the art should understand that the first and second in the present invention merely refer to different application stages.

[0144] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0145] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the electrical property differences of geological layers in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method; Using IP equipment to collect the acoustic wave signals of the geological layer in the target tunnel and extract useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals; Detect the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field, conduct rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics; According to the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, extracted acoustic parameters, and magnetic changes, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and water-rich zone are determined, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out; The specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined based on the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic changes, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out, including: Determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel based on the geological characteristics; Generate a stratum image in the target tunnel based on the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free; Based on the formation image, the number, distribution and extension direction of the cracks are identified and counted, and the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone are determined in combination with the geological data; Model and analyze the geological layers in the target tunnel according to acoustic parameters using IP software to obtain analysis results; According to the magnetic changes, the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel is determined, and the abnormal magnetic area is matched with the location of the aquifer, the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results to determine whether the match is successful. If so, the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone are determined, and dynamic and static monitoring and early warning are carried out.

2. The method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by the ultra-high density resistivity method includes: According to the geological survey requirements, multiple suitable detection areas are selected in the target tunnel; A series of parallel measuring lines are arranged in each detection area, and the distance between two adjacent parallel measuring lines is set to be the same; Along the parallel survey line direction, the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves propagating in the geological layer of each detection area are collected point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time, and the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time are obtained according to the reflected signals; The electrical property differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel are determined based on the conductivity data of each detection area.

3. The method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of collecting the acoustic wave signal of the geological layer in the target tunnel by using the induced polarization instrument equipment and extracting the acoustic parameters to be used from the acoustic wave signal comprises: Configure IP equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software; Select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements. The setting parameters include: transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range; Divide the target tunnel into multiple test areas according to its length, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time; The data processing software of the sonar equipment is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the acoustic wave signal, and the acoustic parameters to be used are extracted based on the processed acoustic wave signal.

4. The method for advanced prediction of dynamic and static monitoring and early warning of fault fracture zone tunnel geology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detecting of magnetic force changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, performing rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determining geological characteristics include: A certain number of electrodes are randomly arranged in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field; Arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate; The initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field are collected by using a transient electromagnetic instrument, and the initial magnetic field data are subjected to inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing to obtain the target magnetic field data; Determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data; Determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel, and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the boreholes according to the geological conditions; Use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached; Rock sampling is carried out in the geological stratum at the sampling depth to obtain core samples, and mineralogical observation, petrological characteristics description, stratigraphic division and structural analysis are carried out on the core samples to determine the geological characteristics.

5. A fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that: The system includes: The first determination module is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel by ultra-high density resistivity method; An extraction module, used for collecting acoustic wave signals of geological layers in a target tunnel using an induced polarization instrument and extracting useful acoustic parameters from the acoustic wave signals; An analysis module is used to detect the magnetic changes of the geological layer in the target tunnel under a preset artificial magnetic field, perform rock sampling and analysis on the geological layer in the target tunnel, and determine the geological characteristics; The second determination module is used to determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and to conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning based on the geological characteristics, electrical differences of the geological layers in the target tunnel, the extracted acoustic parameters, and the magnetic changes; The second determining module includes: A fourth determination submodule is used to determine the stratigraphic structure of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the geological characteristics; A fifth determination submodule is used to generate a stratum image in the target tunnel according to the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel combined with the conductivity data, and determine the similarity between the stratum image and the stratum structure. If the similarity between the two is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, it is determined that the data is error-free; The sixth determination submodule is used to identify and count the number, distribution, and extension direction characteristics of the cracks based on the formation image, and determine the location of the aquifer and the fault fracture zone in combination with the geological data; The modeling and analysis submodule is used to model and analyze the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the acoustic parameters through the IP software to obtain the analysis results; The seventh determination submodule is used to determine the abnormal magnetic area of ​​the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the magnetic changes, match the abnormal magnetic area with the location of the aquifer and the location of the fault fracture zone and the analysis results, and determine whether the match is successful. If so, determine the specific location and scale of the fault fracture zone and the water-rich zone and conduct dynamic and static monitoring and early warning.

6. The fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first determining module includes: A first selection submodule is used to select a plurality of suitable detection areas in the target tunnel according to geological survey requirements; The layout submodule is used to layout a series of parallel measurement lines in each detection area, and set the same spacing between two adjacent parallel measurement lines; The acquisition submodule is used to collect the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves propagating in the geological layer of each detection area point by point, frequency by frequency, and time by time along the direction parallel to the survey line, and obtain the conductivity data of each point, frequency, and time according to the reflected signals; The first determination submodule is used to determine the electrical property difference of the geological layer in the target tunnel according to the conductivity data of each detection area.

7. The fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The extraction module comprises: Configuration submodule, used to configure IP instrument equipment parameters and its corresponding data processing software; The second selection submodule is used to select the signal source and signal type of the IP instrument according to the application scenario, and set the parameters of the signal source based on the test requirements, including: transmission frequency, pulse width, and signal measurement range; The recording submodule is used to divide a plurality of test areas according to the length of the target tunnel, arrange a certain number of acoustic listening devices and induced polarization devices in each test area, activate the induced polarization device and record the sound wave signals collected by the acoustic listening devices at the same time; The extraction submodule is used to perform denoising, filtering and demodulation processing on the sound wave signal using the data processing software of the sonar device, and extract the acoustic parameters to be used according to the processed sound wave signal.

8. The fault fracture zone tunnel geological advance prediction dynamic and static monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The analysis module comprises: A first arrangement submodule is used to randomly arrange a certain number of electrodes in the target tunnel to form an electrode grid to generate a preset artificial magnetic field; The second arrangement submodule is used to arrange the transient electromagnetic instrument in the target tunnel according to the predetermined arrangement plan and set its working parameters, the working parameters including: working voltage, working current and sampling rate; The acquisition submodule is used to collect the initial magnetic field data of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field through the transient electromagnetic instrument, perform inverse filtering and clutter removal preprocessing on the initial magnetic field data, and obtain the target magnetic field data; The second determination submodule is used to determine the magnetic force change of the geological layer in the target tunnel under the preset artificial magnetic field according to the target magnetic field data; The third determination submodule is used to determine the geological conditions in the target tunnel and design the location, depth, direction and sampling depth of the drilling hole according to the geological conditions; The drilling submodule is used to use a drilling rig to drill into a geological layer at a certain location in the target tunnel until the designed sampling depth is reached; The sampling and analysis submodule is used to sample rocks in the geological layer at the sampling depth, obtain core samples, conduct mineralogical observations, describe petrological characteristics, divide stratigraphic layers and conduct structural analysis on the core samples, and determine geological characteristics.

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