A method for dealing with the rise of the furnace bottom in a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace

Abstract

This invention provides a method for dealing with bottom rise in a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace, comprising the following steps: S1, optimizing furnace rotation; S2, deepening the furnace bore and enlarging the crucible below the electrodes; S3, customizing the batching to address furnace core rise and agglomeration; S4, adding furnace wash material and melting the furnace bottom to assist slag removal and promote the removal of material adhering to the furnace bottom; S5, deep displacement and strong pressure to release the furnace bottom; S6, adjusting the operating system to ensure stable and smooth furnace operation. The beneficial effects of this invention are: the processing method is simple and easy to operate, and it can solve the problem of furnace bottom rise caused by factors such as unreasonable furnace design, raw material quality issues, frequent furnace shutdowns, mismatched power supply systems, and operational reasons during high-purity silicon production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ferroalloy production technology, specifically to a method for dealing with the rising bottom of a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace. Background Technology

[0002] High-purity silicon, also known as metallurgical-grade silicon, is industrially purified elemental silicon. Due to differences in raw material structure, it is mainly used to produce two categories: chemical-grade metallic silicon and metallurgical-grade metallic silicon. It is primarily used as a raw material for the production of organosilicon, polycrystalline silicon, and monocrystalline silicon, for the production of high-purity semiconductor materials, and for the formulation of alloys (aluminum alloys) for special purposes. The main trace elements controlled are Fe, Al, and Ca, and different production grades are defined by their different contents.

[0003] According to industry insiders, large and medium-sized high-purity silicon electric furnaces (referring to furnaces with an capacity of 16,500 kVA or higher, which should adopt an overall rotating furnace structure) built in recent years have commonly experienced a problem of furnace bottom rising during production. This rising furnace bottom leads to increased power consumption, reduced output, and ultimately forces furnace shutdown and dismantling, resulting in decreased enterprise profits.

[0004] In production practice, furnace bottom rise mainly refers to the formation of unmelted material from undecomposed and unreduced SiC, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, and other oxides at the furnace bottom. As the unmelted material continues to accumulate and the deposition layer increases, the reaction zone gradually rises, the electrodes gradually move upward, and the temperature at the bottom of the electric furnace continuously decreases. When the furnace is tapped, the molten silicon and molten slag cannot flow out smoothly, which disrupts the normal furnace conditions and deteriorates the indicators.

[0005] Research through furnace excavation revealed that the residual slag at the bottom of high-purity silicon electric furnaces is either green or white. The green slag is primarily composed of silicon carbide (SiC), while the white slag is primarily composed of calcium aluminosilicate slag, mainly composed of silicon dioxide. Given that silicon has a melting point of 1410℃, silicon carbide 1818℃, and calcium aluminosilicate 1550-1850℃, both silicon carbide and calcium aluminosilicate slag have high melting points, high viscosity, and poor fluidity. They are difficult to remove from the furnace during tapping and accumulate at the bottom, causing slag buildup and subsequent rise in molten slag. This leads to electrode lifting, deterioration of furnace conditions, increased power consumption, decreased output, and reduced profitability, ultimately forcing a shutdown for furnace excavation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple and easy-to-operate method that can solve the problem of furnace bottom rise caused by factors such as unreasonable furnace design, raw material quality problems, frequent furnace shutdowns, mismatched power supply systems, and operational reasons during the production of high-purity silicon.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for dealing with the rise of the furnace bottom in a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Optimize furnace rotation

[0009] The furnace rotation system was optimized. After commissioning, the furnace rotates at a frequency of 6Hz, and the rotation method was changed from unidirectional to a 2-hour forward rotation followed by 1 hour reverse rotation. This effectively solves various problems caused by uneven furnace rotation and expands and consolidates the crucible area of ​​the rotating part, preventing repeated occurrences. Rotation is stopped when the electrode phase voltage of the submerged arc furnace drops below 100V and fails to return to normal for more than 2 hours, or when there is noticeable shine at the electrode joints inside the furnace, to prevent electrode accidents that could cause further rise in the furnace bottom.

[0010] S2. Deepen the furnace opening and enlarge the crucible below the electrodes.

[0011] The furnace wall thickness of the electric arc furnace is 900mm and the distance between the electrode walls is 1350mm. When the furnace is being tapped out, a double carbon rod deep-burning measure is adopted. The length of a single carbon rod is 1800mm and the length of a double carbon rod is 3600mm. This ensures that the carbon rods burn the area below the electrodes. At the same time, the furnace hole is cleared and slag is discharged 18-22 minutes after tapping out.

[0012] S3, Personalized ingredient formulation to address furnace core rise and clumping.

[0013] After the furnace bottom rose, the furnace core agglomerated, causing blockage in the three-phase electrode crucible. To address this, a customized material preparation method was adopted. One to two batches of heavy material, namely pure silica, were added to the furnace. Each shift, a tack bar was used to remove the hardened lumps from the furnace core, promoting material circulation and widening the three-phase electrode crucible. After the furnace core material circulated normally, a furnace tamping machine was used to add 200-300 kg of carbon blocks to the furnace core every other shift. This solved the problem of insufficient carbon at the furnace bottom caused by adding heavy material to the furnace core. This process was repeated until the furnace bottom treatment achieved the desired results.

[0014] S4. Add furnace washing material and heat the furnace bottom to assist in slag removal and promote the removal of material adhering to the furnace bottom.

[0015] In order to reduce the current and meet the requirements of the lower electrode, the feed is mainly heavy material. During the production process, light material is added to make up for the local carbon deficiency in the furnace and balance the carbon content of the material to stabilize the work and parameters of the electrode. Depending on the crust formation on the surface of the material in the furnace, one of the three auxiliary materials, industrial alkali, calcium chloride or lime, is added in stages to assist in slag formation, reduce the melting point of the slag, and promote the discharge of the molten slag from the furnace hole.

[0016] S5, Deep Displacement and Strong Pressure Release Furnace Bottom

[0017] The adjustable range of electrode displacement is 100-900mm. During operation, the displacement is controlled according to the deep displacement of 700-850mm. The electrode is pressed down within 1 hour from the opening of the furnace hole to the end of the furnace tapping. In the later stage of smelting, the electrode pressing down is controlled to prevent the parameters from being unstable before tapping, which would cause the electrode displacement to rise.

[0018] S6. Adjust the operating procedures to ensure stable and smooth furnace operation.

[0019] Operating principle: Increase load and power consumption while keeping the fire level in the furnace under control, in order to create conditions for melting the furnace bottom and expanding the crucible;

[0020] Operating procedure: Gradually lower the electrodes and heat the furnace bottom using the "low current, high voltage" method to expand the crucible inside the furnace and promote crucible connectivity;

[0021] Operating strategy: The voltage is basically stabilized by adjusting the electrode displacement or the amount of pressure release; the material level is controlled by gently pushing the thin cover and making holes, controlling the flame and increasing the simmering time, so that the high temperature zone moves down and promotes the work of the furnace bottom.

[0022] In step S6, the specific operations are as follows:

[0023] 1) Power distribution operation optimization control: On the basis of reducing current, the operation is to increase the load and secondary voltage to expand the crucible in the furnace. That is, the load is increased from the original 16±2 level to 12±2 level, and the secondary voltage is increased from 205V to 220V. The operation focuses on stabilizing the load. Voltage stabilization is achieved by adjusting electrode displacement and pressure release. Deep insertion displacement is the main method during operation to reduce the length of exposed electrode section. The number of compensation groups is controlled to be at least 15, and the principle is to avoid using them as much as possible, so as to fully release the potential of the electric arc furnace and avoid misjudging the furnace condition due to excessive compensation.

[0024] 2) Optimization and adjustment of material surface shape and maintenance requirements: Shrink the material surface inside the furnace, shrink the material at the edge of the furnace shell into the furnace area, so that the material presents a bun shape, and at the same time, the material surface maintenance is mainly to gently push the thin cover.

[0025] 3) Solidify the hole-punching operation to improve the permeability of the material surface: Punch holes at least twice per shift. When punching holes, focus on the furnace shell ring, the large triangular area and the small dead material area. When punching holes, insert the punching rod deep into the furnace material. Cool the punching rod once after punching a furnace door.

[0026] 4) Optimize furnace hole replacement frequency: With silicon produced from one furnace hole, open the remaining furnace holes to produce silicon, and adjust the furnace hole replacement cycle from 15-20 days to 3-5 days.

[0027] In S2, a 5-meter-long wooden stick is used to clear the furnace hole and guide the slag discharge. The wooden stick is inserted into the furnace hole to pry open the slag adhering to the iron tapping channel inside the furnace, so that the slag that has melted at the bottom of the furnace can be discharged from the furnace in time.

[0028] To further realize the present invention, the rotation method of 2 forward and 1 reverse in S1 is to rotate forward for 2 hours and reverse for 1 hour, so that the rotated area is consolidated and repetition is prevented.

[0029] To further realize the present invention, the carbon blocks added to the furnace core in S3 mainly refer to crushed carbon bricks and electrode heads, with a particle size between 100-200mm and a carbon content ≥97%. They are mainly used to treat the lack of carbon in the furnace bottom after melting, and to prevent the furnace bottom from rising again due to lack of carbon after the furnace bottom has melted.

[0030] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0031] 1) Optimize furnace rotation by adopting a 2-hour forward rotation followed by 1-hour reverse rotation. This effectively solves various problems caused by uneven furnace rotation and expands and consolidates the crucible area in the rotating part. Using double carbon rods for deep firing of the furnace eye opens a channel from the eye area to below the electrodes, accelerating the melting of the furnace bottom. Using 5-meter-long wooden sticks to clear the furnace eye and guide slag discharge promotes the rapid removal of molten slag inside the eye. Adding heavy materials and carbon blocks to the furnace core accelerates the melting of hardened lumps in the core, promotes material circulation, and solves the problem of heavy material at the furnace bottom. Adding industrial alkali, calcium chloride, and lime as auxiliary materials significantly lowers the slag melting point, allowing the molten slag inside the furnace to be diluted and discharged smoothly from the furnace eye, preventing slag from accumulating inside the furnace and causing the furnace bottom to rise again.

[0032] 2) Through process optimization, this invention enables industrial silicon electric furnaces with rising furnace bottoms to maintain normal production. By gradually resolving the furnace bottom rising problem through daily production, the risk of shutdown and furnace excavation can be avoided, effectively reducing enterprise losses and improving economic efficiency. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1.

[0035] A method for dealing with the rising bottom of a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. Optimize furnace rotation

[0037] The furnace rotation system was optimized. After commissioning, the furnace rotates at a frequency of 6Hz, and the rotation method was changed from unidirectional to a 2-hour forward rotation followed by 1 hour reverse rotation. This effectively solves various problems caused by uneven furnace rotation and expands and consolidates the crucible area during rotation, preventing repeated rotations. Rotation is stopped when the electrode phase voltage in the submerged arc furnace drops below 100V and fails to return to normal for more than 2 hours, or when there is noticeable shine at the electrode seams inside the furnace, to prevent electrode accidents that could cause further rise in the furnace bottom.

[0038] S2. Deepen the furnace opening and enlarge the crucible below the electrodes.

[0039] The furnace wall thickness of the electric arc furnace is 900mm and the distance between the electrode walls is 1350mm. When the furnace is being tapped out, a double carbon rod deep-burning measure is adopted. The length of a single carbon rod is 1800mm and the length of a double carbon rod is 3600mm. This ensures that the carbon rods burn the area below the electrodes. At the same time, the furnace hole is cleared and slag is discharged 18-22 minutes after tapping out.

[0040] S3, Personalized ingredient formulation to address furnace core rise and clumping.

[0041] After the furnace bottom rises, the furnace core clumps, causing blockage in the three-phase electrode crucible. To address this, a customized material preparation method is adopted. One to two batches of heavy material, namely pure silica, are added to the furnace. Each shift, a tack bar is used to remove the hardened clumps from the furnace core, promoting material circulation and widening the three-phase electrode crucible. After the furnace core material circulates normally, a furnace tamping machine is used to add carbon blocks to the furnace core, once every shift, 200-300 kg each time. This solves the problem of insufficient carbon at the furnace bottom caused by adding heavy material to the furnace core. This process is repeated until the furnace bottom treatment reaches the expected level.

[0042] S4. Add furnace washing material and heat the furnace bottom to assist in slag removal and promote the removal of material adhering to the furnace bottom.

[0043] In order to reduce the current and meet the requirements of the lower electrode, the feed is mainly heavy material. During the production process, light material is added to make up for the local carbon deficiency in the furnace and balance the carbon content of the material to stabilize the work and parameters of the electrode. Depending on the crust formation on the surface of the material in the furnace, one of the three auxiliary materials, industrial alkali, calcium chloride or lime, is added in stages to assist in slag formation, reduce the melting point of the slag, and promote the discharge of the molten slag from the furnace hole.

[0044] S5, Deep Displacement and Strong Pressure Release Furnace Bottom

[0045] The adjustable range of electrode displacement is 100-900mm. During operation, the displacement is controlled according to a depth displacement of 750mm. The electrode is pressed down within 1 hour from the opening of the furnace hole to the end of the furnace discharge. In the later stage of smelting, the electrode pressing down is controlled to prevent the parameters from being unstable before the furnace discharge, which would cause the electrode displacement to rise.

[0046] S6. Adjust the operating procedures to ensure stable and smooth furnace operation.

[0047] Operating principle: Increase load and power consumption while keeping the fire level in the furnace under control, in order to create conditions for melting the furnace bottom and expanding the crucible.

[0048] Operating direction: Gradually lower the electrodes and heat the furnace bottom in the manner of "low current and high voltage" to expand the crucible inside the furnace and promote the connection of the crucibles.

[0049] Operating strategy: The voltage is basically stabilized by adjusting the electrode displacement or the amount of pressure release; the material level is controlled by gently pushing the thin cover and making holes, controlling the flame and increasing the simmering time, so that the high temperature zone moves down and promotes the work of the furnace bottom.

[0050] In step S6, the specific operations are as follows:

[0051] 1) Power distribution operation optimization control: On the basis of reducing current, the operation is to increase the load and secondary voltage to expand the crucible in the furnace. That is, the load is increased from the original 16±2 level to 12±2 level, and the secondary voltage is increased from 205V to 220V. The operation focuses on stabilizing the load. Voltage stabilization is achieved by adjusting electrode displacement and pressure release. Deep insertion displacement is the main method during operation to reduce the length of exposed electrode section. The number of compensation groups is controlled to be at least 15, and the principle is to avoid using them as much as possible, so as to fully release the potential of the electric arc furnace and avoid misjudging the furnace condition due to excessive compensation.

[0052] 2) Optimization and adjustment of material surface shape and maintenance requirements: Shrink the material surface inside the furnace, shrink the material at the edge of the furnace shell into the furnace area, so that the material presents a bun shape, and at the same time, the material surface maintenance is mainly to gently push the thin cover.

[0053] 3) Solidify the hole-punching operation to improve the permeability of the material surface: Punch holes at least twice per shift. When punching holes, focus on the furnace shell ring, the large triangular area and the small dead material area. When punching holes, insert the punching rod deep into the furnace material. Cool the punching rod once after punching a furnace door.

[0054] 4) Optimize furnace hole replacement frequency: With silicon produced from one furnace hole, the remaining furnace holes will be opened for silicon production, and the furnace hole replacement cycle will be adjusted from 18 days to 4 days.

[0055] In S2, a 5-meter-long wooden stick is used to clear the furnace hole and guide the slag discharge. The wooden stick is inserted into the furnace hole to pry open the slag adhering to the iron tapping channel inside the furnace, ensuring that the slag that has melted at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the furnace in a timely manner.

[0056] To further realize the present invention, the rotation method of 2 forward and 1 reverse in S1 is to rotate forward for 2 hours and reverse for 1 hour, so that the rotated area is consolidated and repetition is prevented.

[0057] To further realize the present invention, the carbon blocks added to the furnace core in S3 mainly refer to crushed carbon bricks and electrode heads, with a particle size between 100-200mm and a carbon content ≥97%. They are mainly used to treat the lack of carbon in the furnace bottom after melting, and to prevent the furnace bottom from rising again due to lack of carbon after the furnace bottom has melted.

[0058] In this embodiment, the furnace condition stability improved, the furnace bottom rise was effectively controlled and treated, no accidents or malfunctions occurred during the treatment, the number of electrode accidents decreased from 2-3 times per month to 0 times, the daily output increased by 2 tons, and the smelting power consumption decreased by 450 kWh / t.

[0059] Example 2.

[0060] A method for dealing with the rising bottom of a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. Optimize furnace rotation

[0062] The furnace rotation system was optimized. After commissioning, the furnace rotates at a frequency of 6Hz, and the rotation method was changed from unidirectional to a 2-hour forward rotation followed by 1 hour reverse rotation. This effectively solves various problems caused by uneven furnace rotation and expands and consolidates the crucible area of ​​the rotating part, preventing repeated occurrences. Rotation is stopped when the electrode phase voltage of the submerged arc furnace drops below 100V and fails to return to normal for more than 2 hours, or when there is noticeable shine at the electrode joints inside the furnace, to prevent electrode accidents that could cause further rise in the furnace bottom.

[0063] S2. Deepen the furnace opening and enlarge the crucible below the electrodes.

[0064] The furnace wall thickness of the electric arc furnace is 900mm and the distance between the electrode walls is 1350mm. When the furnace is being tapped out, a double carbon rod deep-burning measure is adopted. The length of a single carbon rod is 1800mm and the length of a double carbon rod is 3600mm. This ensures that the carbon rods burn the area below the electrodes. At the same time, the furnace hole is cleared and slag is discharged 18-22 minutes after tapping out.

[0065] S3, Personalized ingredient formulation to address furnace core rise and clumping.

[0066] After the furnace bottom rose, the furnace core agglomerated, causing blockage in the three-phase electrode crucible. To address this, a customized material preparation method was adopted. One to two batches of heavy material, namely pure silica, were added to the furnace. Each shift, a tack bar was used to remove the hardened lumps from the furnace core, promoting material circulation and widening the three-phase electrode crucible. After the furnace core material circulated normally, a furnace tamping machine was used to add 200-300 kg of carbon blocks to the furnace core every other shift. This solved the problem of insufficient carbon at the furnace bottom caused by adding heavy material to the furnace core. This process was repeated until the furnace bottom treatment achieved the desired results.

[0067] S4. Add furnace washing material and heat the furnace bottom to assist in slag removal and promote the removal of material adhering to the furnace bottom.

[0068] In order to reduce the current and meet the requirements of the lower electrode, the feed is mainly heavy material. During the production process, light material is added to make up for the local carbon deficiency in the furnace and balance the carbon content of the material to stabilize the work and parameters of the electrode. Depending on the crust formation on the surface of the material in the furnace, one of the three auxiliary materials, industrial alkali, calcium chloride or lime, is added in stages to assist in slag formation, reduce the melting point of the slag, and promote the discharge of the molten slag from the furnace hole.

[0069] S5, Deep Displacement and Strong Pressure Release Furnace Bottom

[0070] The adjustable range of electrode displacement is 100-900mm. During operation, the displacement is controlled according to the 800mm deep displacement. The electrode is pressed down within 1 hour from the opening of the furnace hole to the end of the furnace tapping. In the later stage of smelting, the electrode pressing down is controlled to prevent the parameters from being unstable before tapping, which would cause the electrode displacement to rise.

[0071] S6. Adjust the operating procedures to ensure stable and smooth furnace operation.

[0072] Operating principle: Increase load and power consumption while keeping the fire level in the furnace under control, in order to create conditions for melting the furnace bottom and expanding the crucible;

[0073] Operating procedure: Gradually lower the electrodes and heat the furnace bottom using the "low current, high voltage" method to expand the crucible inside the furnace and promote crucible connectivity;

[0074] Operating strategy: The voltage is basically stabilized by adjusting the electrode displacement or the amount of pressure release; the material level is controlled by gently pushing the thin cover and making holes, controlling the flame and increasing the simmering time, so that the high temperature zone moves down and promotes the work of the furnace bottom.

[0075] In step S6, the specific operations are as follows:

[0076] 1) Power distribution operation optimization control: On the basis of taking measures to reduce current, the operation is to increase the load and secondary voltage to expand the crucible in the furnace. That is, the load is increased from the original 16±2 level to 12±2 level, and the secondary voltage is increased from 205V to 220V. The operation focuses on stabilizing the load. Voltage stabilization is achieved by adjusting electrode displacement and pressure release. Deep insertion displacement is the main method during operation to reduce the length of exposed electrode section. The number of compensation groups is controlled to be at least 15 groups, and the principle is to avoid using them as much as possible, so as to fully release the potential of the electric arc furnace and avoid misjudging the furnace condition due to excessive compensation.

[0077] 2) Optimization and adjustment of material surface shape and maintenance requirements: Shrink the material surface inside the furnace, shrink the material at the edge of the furnace shell into the furnace area, so that the material presents a bun shape, and at the same time, the material surface maintenance is mainly to gently push the thin cover.

[0078] 3) Solidify the hole-punching operation to improve the permeability of the material surface: Punch holes at least twice per shift. When punching holes, focus on the furnace shell ring, the large triangular area and the small dead material area. When punching holes, insert the punching rod deep into the furnace material. Cool the punching rod once after punching a furnace door.

[0079] 4) Optimize furnace hole replacement frequency: With silicon produced from one furnace hole, the remaining furnace holes will be opened for silicon production, and the furnace hole replacement cycle will be adjusted from 15 days to 3 days.

[0080] In S2, a 5-meter-long wooden stick is used to clear the furnace hole and guide the slag discharge. The wooden stick is inserted into the furnace hole to pry open the slag adhering to the iron tapping channel inside the furnace, ensuring that the slag that has melted at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the furnace in a timely manner.

[0081] To further realize the present invention, the rotation method of 2 forward and 1 reverse in S1 is to rotate forward for 2 hours and reverse for 1 hour, so that the rotated area is consolidated and repetition is prevented.

[0082] To further realize the present invention, the carbon blocks added to the furnace core in S3 mainly refer to crushed carbon bricks and electrode heads, with a particle size between 100-200mm and a carbon content ≥97%. They are mainly used to treat the lack of carbon in the furnace bottom after melting, and to prevent the furnace bottom from rising again due to lack of carbon after the furnace bottom has melted.

[0083] In this embodiment, the furnace condition stability improved, the furnace bottom rise was effectively controlled and handled, no accidents or malfunctions occurred during the handling period, the number of electrode accidents decreased from 2-3 times per month to 0 times, the daily output increased by 3.5 tons, and the smelting power consumption decreased by 520 kWh / t.

Claims

1. A method for treating a high purity silicon furnace bottom swell, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1. Optimize furnace rotation The furnace rotation was optimized. After the furnace rotation was put into use, it was rotated at a frequency of 6HZ. At the same time, the rotation mode was changed from rotating in the same direction to a forward 2 hours and reverse 1 hour method, that is, rotating forward for two hours and then reversing for one hour. S2. Deepen the furnace opening and enlarge the crucible below the electrodes. The furnace wall thickness of the electric arc furnace is 900mm and the distance between the electrode walls is 1350mm. When the furnace is being tapped out, a double carbon rod deep burning measure is adopted. The length of a single carbon rod is 1800mm and the length of a double carbon rod is 3600mm, so that the carbon rod can burn the area below the electrode. At the same time, the furnace hole is cleared and slag is discharged 18-22 minutes after tapping out. S3, Personalized ingredient formulation to address furnace core rise and clumping. Add 1-2 batches of heavy material, i.e. pure silica, into the furnace. Use a tie rod to pick out the hard blocks in the furnace core every shift to promote the circulation of the furnace core material and expand the three-phase electrode crucible. After the furnace material is circulating normally, use a furnace tamping machine to add carbon blocks to the furnace core once every shift, 200-300 kg each time. S4. Add furnace washing material and heat the furnace bottom to assist in slag removal and promote the removal of material adhering to the furnace bottom. In order to reduce the current and meet the requirements of the lower electrode, the feed is mainly heavy material. During the production process, light material is added to make up for the local carbon deficiency in the furnace and balance the carbon content of the material to stabilize the work and parameters of the electrode. Depending on the crust formation on the surface of the material in the furnace, one of the three auxiliary materials, industrial alkali, calcium chloride or lime, is added in stages to assist in slag formation, reduce the melting point of the slag, and promote the discharge of the molten slag from the furnace hole. S5, Deep Displacement and Strong Pressure Release Furnace Bottom The adjustable range of electrode displacement is 100-900mm. During operation, the displacement is controlled according to the deep displacement of 700-850mm. The electrode is pressed down within 1 hour from the opening of the furnace hole to the end of the furnace tapping. In the later stage of smelting, the electrode pressing down is controlled to prevent the parameters from being unstable before tapping, which would cause the electrode displacement to rise. S6. Adjust the operating procedures to ensure stable and smooth furnace operation. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Power distribution operation optimization control: In terms of operation, the crucible inside the furnace is expanded by increasing the load and secondary voltage. That is, the load is increased from the original 16±2 level to 12±2 level, and the secondary voltage is increased from 205V to 220V. The operation focuses on stabilizing the load. Voltage stabilization is achieved by adjusting the electrode displacement and pressing. Deep insertion displacement is the main method during operation to reduce the length of the exposed electrode section. The number of compensation groups in operation is controlled to be at least 15. 2) Optimization and adjustment of material surface shape and maintenance requirements: Shrink the material surface inside the furnace, shrink the material at the edge of the furnace shell into the furnace area, so that the material presents a bun shape, and at the same time, the material surface maintenance is mainly to gently push the thin cover. 3) Solidify the hole-punching operation to improve the permeability of the material surface: Punch holes at least twice per shift. When punching holes, focus on the furnace shell ring, the large triangular area and the small dead material area. When punching holes, insert the punching rod deep into the furnace material. Cool the punching rod once after punching a furnace door. 4) Optimize furnace hole replacement frequency: With silicon produced from one furnace hole, open the remaining furnace holes to produce silicon, and adjust the furnace hole replacement cycle from 15-20 days to 3-5 days.

2. The method for dealing with the rise of the furnace bottom in a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a 5-meter-long wooden stick is used to clear the furnace hole and guide the slag discharge. The wooden stick is inserted into the furnace hole to pry open the slag adhering to the iron tapping channel inside the furnace and promptly remove the slag adhering to the bottom of the furnace from the furnace.

3. The method for dealing with the rise of the furnace bottom in a high-purity silicon submerged arc furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon blocks added to the furnace core in S3 mainly refer to crushed carbon bricks and electrode heads, with a particle size between 100-200mm and a carbon content ≥97%.