Methods for constructing ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community systems

Abstract

This invention provides a method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system. The method includes dividing the lake to be restored into two zones according to water flow direction and terrain. Then, bottom sediment improvement, planting of submerged plants, addition of amendments, and algae-controlling zooplankton are carried out in each zone. Ecological floating islands are constructed and emergent plants are planted. Aquatic animals are introduced, followed by routine management. Water purification devices containing EHBR membrane modules are installed near the lake inlet and in areas with higher terrain. This constructs an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community, achieving long-term ecological restoration of the lake. Furthermore, the introduction of EHBR membrane modules can reduce organic pollutants in the lake at lower temperatures, significantly extending the restoration time and ensuring that the lake's water quality remains stable for an extended period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, comprehensive management of urban rivers and lakes has been carried out, implementing a series of measures such as sewage interception, dredging, sediment treatment, bank protection construction, and greening of both banks. These efforts, while addressing issues like water pollution and landscape degradation, also aim to restore and rebuild river and lake ecosystems from an ecological perspective, thus restoring the ecological functions of aquatic bodies. This is a crucial aspect of future urban river and lake management in my country. However, the restoration of aquatic ecosystems and the alteration of abiotic environments often require several years or even longer.

[0003] Therefore, restoring aquatic plant communities by conventionally reducing eutrophication levels to achieve ecological restoration of rivers or lakes is a long-term and costly process. To accelerate the ecological restoration process, current methods include artificially planting aquatic plants and releasing aquatic animals to rapidly construct and restore ecosystems. For example, Chinese patent CN110902833B discloses a method for ecological restoration of urban lakes, which specifically targets urban water bodies with large waves through fish community structure regulation, wave reduction, water quality conditioning, planting submerged plants, constructing a healthy food web, and long-term maintenance and operation. CN103214099B discloses a method for ecological restoration and purification of lakes and wetlands. The method mainly uses three stages to complete the ecological restoration and purification. The first stage involves draining the water, disinfecting the silt, installing submerged aeration facilities, planting submerged vegetation communities, and returning the water. The second stage includes introducing algae, detritus, and other suspended solids into the water for purification. The third stage includes planting floating-leaved plants in the ponds and introducing aquatic animals that can consume some aquatic plants to restore the food chain of the aquatic ecosystem. The purified water can reach Class III or above standards.

[0004] However, the aforementioned ecological restoration projects rely excessively on the role of aquatic plant communities in purifying water quality. Although they have the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, and minimal environmental disturbance, aquatic plants are greatly affected by environmental factors, resulting in a cyclical nature of restoration. At the same time, over-reliance on aquatic plant communities for ecological restoration also has the disadvantages of slow results and long cycles, thus leading to the current situation where lake restoration projects are rarely effective. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system. By dividing the lake into sections, constructing aquatic plant and animal communities in each section, and then setting up water purification devices containing EHBR membrane modules in a targeted manner, the lake can be restored quickly and effectively.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system, including multiple ecological floating islands, multiple composite fiber floating plates of the ecological floating islands, multiple composite fiber floating plates are connected by steel wire ropes and connecting buckles, and multiple planting holes are provided on the composite fiber floating plates, on which aquatic plants are planted.

[0007] EHBR membrane modules are also installed, which are interspersed between the ecological floating islands or placed at the bottom of the ecological floating islands;

[0008] The blowers in the fan room are connected to the EHBR membrane module.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the planting hole is a blind hole with an opening at the top and a closed bottom, allowing the roots of aquatic plants to penetrate into the water through the fiber gaps of the floating plate.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, fixed steel pipes are also provided, and multiple fixed steel pipes form a wide frame for the floating island. The ecological floating island is connected to the fixed steel pipes by multiple fixed ropes.

[0011] The outer ring of the wide frame composed of fixed steel pipes is equipped with a flow-guiding soft enclosure net.

[0012] It is also equipped with multiple anchor cables, the upper ends of which are connected to the ecological floating island.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the first diversion submerged embankment is connected to the first membrane pool, the first membrane pool is connected to the second diversion submerged embankment, the second diversion submerged embankment is connected to the second membrane pool, and the second membrane pool is connected to the third diversion submerged embankment.

[0014] In the preferred scheme, the EHBR membrane module is installed vertically with a denser front and a sparser back, and the installation method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type.

[0015] The first and second membrane tanks contain 800-900 EHBR membrane modules;

[0016] The EHBR membrane is arranged with a denser front and a sparser back, and the fixing method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type.

[0017] The method includes:

[0018] S1. Lake Zoning: The lake is divided into two areas according to the direction of water flow and the elevation of the land. The area near the inlet and with higher elevation is Zone 1, and the area near the outlet and with lower elevation is Zone 2.

[0019] S2. Perform precipitation treatment on the entire lake;

[0020] S3, Treatment of Lake Area 1: Improve the bottom sediment of the lake in the northern area, plant submerged plants, then add water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton while recirculating the water, and finally set up ecological floating islands;

[0021] S4. Treatment of Lake Area 2: In the southern lake area, fish barriers will be built to clean up and transfer the native fish. Then, the bottom sediment will be improved and submerged plants will be planted. Then, while returning water, a water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton will be added. Finally, ecological floating islands will be set up.

[0022] S5. Setting up ecological floating islands: Set up ecological floating islands in the first and second zones of the lake, and plant emergent plants on them;

[0023] S6. Release aquatic animals;

[0024] S7. Installation of water purification devices: After the lake receives rainfall and before the ecological floating islands are installed, water purification devices will be installed in the northern area of ​​the lake.

[0025] S8. Post-maintenance: The maintenance method is to regularly check the operating status of the water purification device and perform professional maintenance, with a maintenance frequency of 4 times / year. At the same time, the water quality, bottom sediment, and growth status of aquatic plants and animals are monitored regularly, and periodic harvesting or replenishment is carried out, with a frequency of 12 times / year.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, the substrate improvement method described in steps S3-S4 is to disinfect using quicklime and / or dried tea seed cake;

[0027] The quicklime is first mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:5-10 to prepare lime milk before sterilization. The amount of quicklime used is 40-70 g / m³.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the submerged plants mentioned in steps S3-S4 are evergreen submerged plants, including dwarf Vallisneria natans, spiny Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton malaianus, and Hydrilla verticillata.

[0029] The algae-controlling zooplankton mentioned in steps S3-S4 is Daphnia macrocarpa;

[0030] The emergent plants mentioned in step S5 include loosestrife, reed, variegated reed, umbrella grass, cattail, aquatic iris and aquatic canna;

[0031] The aquatic animals mentioned in step S6 include benthic animals and carnivorous or omnivorous fish.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, the modifier described in steps S3-S4 consists of an ecological oxygen-generating agent, a compound enzyme preparation, and a microbial agent.

[0033] In the preferred embodiment, the ecological oxygen-generating agent is calcium peroxide, and the dosage is 20-30 g / m³. 3 ;

[0034] The compound enzyme preparation comprises 1,500,000 FYT / kg phytase, 350,000 FXU / kg xylanase, and 800 KNU / kg β-glucanase;

[0035] The microbial agent comprises 90-100 μ / g of microbial protease, 4.0×10⁹-4.5×10⁹ CFU / mL of Bacillus subtilis, and 5.5×10⁹-6.0×10⁹ CFU / mL of compound microorganisms.

[0036] The benthic animals are freshwater mussels, shrimp, and snails;

[0037] The carnivorous or omnivorous fish are any of the following: perch, snakehead, shorttailed bream, mandarin fish, yellow catfish, and mandarin fish.

[0038] This invention provides a method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system. The lake to be restored is divided into two areas based on water flow direction and terrain elevation. Substrate improvement and aquatic plant and animal community construction are then carried out in each area separately. This method achieves zoned ecological restoration, avoiding the problems of slow community construction and low stability caused by excessively large lake areas. It enables the rapid construction of an ecological lake system with a complete food chain. The submerged and emergent plants contained within absorb excess nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients from the slope protection, increase dissolved oxygen in the water, and provide food and oxygen for introduced benthic animals and fish. Finally, seasonal harvesting of plants and animal droppings remove excess nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients from the water, achieving effective ecological restoration of the lake.

[0039] By constructing water purification devices and installing EHBR membrane modules in higher-lying areas of the lake, pollutants in the lake water can be reduced at lower temperatures, improving the stability of the constructed ecological lake water quality, enhancing the restoration effect, and forming a strong water purification capacity.

[0040] The ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system constructed by this invention has strong seasonal adaptability, good stability, complete food chain, beautiful landscape, and significant ecological advantages. It can purify pollutants in a short time and has long-term ecological purification performance. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lake section of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the floating plate of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the floating plate connection structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the floating plate installation structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the flow-guiding soft enclosure net of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water purification device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion embankment and aquatic plant planting of the present invention;

[0050] In the diagram: 1. First diversion submerged dike; 2. First membrane pool; 3. Second diversion submerged dike; 4. Second membrane pool; 5. Third diversion submerged dike; 6. Ecological floating island; 7. Aquatic plants; 8. Floating plate; 801 planting hole; 9. Connecting buckle; 10. Fixing rope; 11. Fixing steel pipe; 12. Diversion soft enclosure net. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figures 1-8 As shown, an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system includes multiple ecological floating islands 6, multiple composite fiber floating plates 8 on each ecological floating island 6, which are connected by steel wire ropes and connecting buckles 9. Multiple planting holes 801 are provided on each composite fiber floating plate 8, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting holes 801. An EHBR membrane module is also installed, which is interspersed between the ecological floating islands 6 or located at the bottom of the ecological floating islands 6. Multiple Roots blowers in the blower room are connected to the EHBR membrane module.

[0053] In the preferred embodiment, the planting hole 801 is a blind hole with an opening at the top and a closed bottom, allowing the roots of aquatic plants to penetrate into the water through the fiber gaps of the floating plate 8.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, a fixed steel pipe 11 is also provided. Multiple fixed steel pipes 11 form a floating island frame, and the ecological floating island 6 is connected to the fixed steel pipe 11 by multiple fixed ropes 10.

[0055] The outer ring of the wide frame composed of fixed steel pipes 11 is equipped with a flow-guiding soft enclosure net 12; the flow-guiding soft enclosure net 12 isolates some floating garbage.

[0056] It is also equipped with multiple anchor cables, the upper ends of which are connected to the ecological floating island 6. These anchor cables serve to secure the ecological floating island 6.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment, the first diversion submerged dam 1 is connected to the first membrane pool 2, the first membrane pool 2 is connected to the second diversion submerged dam 3, the second diversion submerged dam 3 is connected to the second membrane pool 4, and the second membrane pool 4 is connected to the third diversion submerged dam 5.

[0058] In the preferred scheme, the EHBR membrane module is installed vertically with a denser front and a sparser back, and the installation method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type.

[0059] The first membrane tank 2 and the second membrane tank 4 contain 800-900 EHBR membrane modules;

[0060] The EHBR membrane is arranged with a denser front and a sparser back, and the fixing method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type.

[0061] When the return water depth reaches 0.8-1m, the principle of "dense at the front and sparse at the back" is adopted. The EHBR membrane module is installed perpendicular to the water flow barrier at the bottom of the lake's biological and plant communities. The installation method combines aquatic plant installation and fixed installation. Specifically, the EHBR membrane is first tied to a membrane support made of DN25 galvanized steel pipe, and then the membrane support is fixed to the lake bottom. Then, DN40 and DN32 PE pipes are used as branch gas supply pipes, and DN225 PE pipes are used as main gas supply pipes for laying and connecting the gas supply pipelines. Finally, the branch gas supply pipes are connected to the EHBR membrane module. The main gas supply pipeline is connected to the blower, and the blower room is located on a flat area on the shore of the lake. The first membrane tank contains 68 rows of EHBR membrane modules, with 12-18 units per row, totaling 861 EHBR membrane units. The second membrane tank contains 51 rows of EHBR membrane modules, with 12-15 units per row, totaling 839 EHBR membrane units. The blower room contains four Roots blowers (three in operation and one on standby), connected to a 380V power supply, with a single unit power of 30kW. The single unit has an air supply capacity of 18㎡ / min, a total installed power of 120kW, and an operating power of 90kW.

[0062] The method includes:

[0063] S1. Lake Zoning: The lake is divided into two areas according to the direction of water flow and the elevation of the land. The area near the inlet and with higher elevation is Zone 1, and the area near the outlet and with lower elevation is Zone 2.

[0064] S2. Perform precipitation treatment on the entire lake;

[0065] S3, Treatment of Lake Area 1: Improve the bottom sediment of the lake in the northern area, plant submerged plants, then add water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton while recirculating the water, and finally set up ecological floating islands;

[0066] S4. Treatment of Lake Area 2: In the southern lake area, fish barriers will be built to clean up and transfer the native fish. Then, the bottom sediment will be improved and submerged plants will be planted. Then, while returning water, a water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton will be added. Finally, ecological floating islands will be set up.

[0067] S5. Setting up ecological floating islands: Set up ecological floating islands in the first and second zones of the lake, and plant emergent plants on them;

[0068] S6. Release aquatic animals;

[0069] S7. Installation of water purification devices: After the lake receives rainfall and before the ecological floating islands are installed, water purification devices will be installed in the northern area of ​​the lake.

[0070] S8. Post-maintenance: The maintenance method is to regularly check the operating status of the water purification device and perform professional maintenance, with a maintenance frequency of 4 times / year. At the same time, the water quality, bottom sediment, and growth status of aquatic plants and animals are monitored regularly, and periodic harvesting or replenishment is carried out, with a frequency of 12 times / year.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment, the substrate improvement method described in steps S3-S4 is to disinfect using quicklime and / or dried tea seed cake;

[0072] The quicklime is first mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:5-10 to prepare lime milk before sterilization. The amount of quicklime used is 40-70 g / m³.

[0073] In the preferred embodiment, the submerged plants mentioned in steps S3-S4 are evergreen submerged plants, including dwarf Vallisneria natans, spiny Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton malaianus, and Hydrilla verticillata.

[0074] The algae-controlling zooplankton mentioned in steps S3-S4 is Daphnia macrocarpa;

[0075] The emergent plants mentioned in step S5 include loosestrife, reed, variegated reed, umbrella grass, cattail, aquatic iris and aquatic canna;

[0076] The aquatic animals mentioned in step S6 include benthic animals and carnivorous or omnivorous fish.

[0077] In the preferred embodiment, the modifier described in steps S3-S4 consists of an ecological oxygen-generating agent, a compound enzyme preparation, and a microbial agent.

[0078] In the preferred embodiment, the ecological oxygen-generating agent is calcium peroxide, and the dosage is 20-30 g / m³. 3 ;

[0079] The compound enzyme preparation comprises 1,500,000 FYT / kg phytase, 350,000 FXU / kg xylanase, and 800 KNU / kg β-glucanase;

[0080] The microbial agent comprises 90-100 μ / g of microbial protease, 4.0×10⁹-4.5×10⁹ CFU / mL of Bacillus subtilis, and 5.5×10⁹-6.0×10⁹ CFU / mL of compound microorganisms.

[0081] The benthic animals are freshwater mussels, shrimp, and snails;

[0082] The carnivorous or omnivorous fish are any of the following: perch, snakehead, shorttailed bream, mandarin fish, yellow catfish, and mandarin fish.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] The ecological oxygen-generating agent is CaO2; the compound enzyme preparation includes phytase 1,500,000 FYT / kg, xylanase 350,000 FXU / kg, and β-glucanase 800 KNU / kg; the microbial inoculant includes microbial protease (92 u / g) and Bacillus subtilis (4.1 × 10⁻⁶). 9 CFU / ml) and complex microorganisms (5.6 × 10⁻⁶) 9 (cfu / ml) (microbial inoculant produced by Shanghai Taihe Water Technology Development Co., Ltd.);

[0085] Ecological restoration was carried out on a sub-lake of Lake A. The southern part of the sub-lake connects to the main lake of Lake A. Water enters from the inlet in the north, flows south, and then exits into the main lake of Tangxun Lake. Based on the gradient of the lake bottom, which slopes downwards from north to south, and with the northern side closer to the inlet and the southern side closer to the outlet, the sub-lake was divided into two zones: Zone 1 (North Zone) and Zone 2 (South Zone). Ecological restoration was then carried out separately for Zone 1 and Zone 2. The specific steps for the restoration of Zone 1 are as follows:

[0086] (1) Bottom sediment improvement: The water level in the first area of ​​the sub-lake was lowered to 16.0m-16.3m. Then, quicklime was dissolved in 5 times the amount of water to prepare lime milk. The lime milk was then sprayed on the target area after the water was lowered. The amount of lime milk sprayed was 50g / m. During the spraying process, the pH of the bottom sediment was controlled to be 6.0-8.5.

[0087] (2) Planting submerged plants: Select vegetative bodies of dwarf Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton malaianus, and Hydrilla verticillata. In the southern area, use the cutting propagation method to insert or bury the vegetative bodies in the soil. The planting density is 130-150 plants / m² for dwarf Vallisneria natans, 100-120 plants / m² for Potamogeton malaianus, 100-120 plants / m² for Potamogeton malaianus, and 100-120 plants / m² for Hydrilla verticillata. Cover with 3-5cm of soil.

[0088] (3) Backwatering: After the submerged plants are planted, backwatering is carried out. After 2-3 days, backwatering is carried out again, and the water level is restored to 20cm above the top of the submerged plants within 2 days.

[0089] (4) Adding a water conditioner: After the plants have taken root and settled well and the water quality has stabilized, gradually raise the water level (with a return rate of 1000 m³ / d). When the water level is 20 cm above the top of the submerged plants, spray an ecological oxygen-generating agent, a compound enzyme preparation, and a microbial agent to complete the bottom sediment improvement; the dosage of the ecological oxygen-generating agent is 25 g / m³. 2The dosage of the compound enzyme preparation is 5g / m².

[0090] (5) Add algae-controlling zooplankton (180ml / m³) 2 Large Daphnia, 4-6mm in length, with a stock solution density of 4000-6000 cells / L, totaling 64800L added.

[0091] (6) Setting up an ecological floating island: An ecological floating island is constructed using composite fibers and a supporting frame. A planting hole is opened in the middle of the ecological floating island. The planting hole is filled with planting soil and compacted to a height that is only half the depth of the control hole. Then, the roots of the aquatic plants are placed into the hole, and planting soil is poured into the planting hole and compacted until the planting hole is full of planting soil, thus completing the planting of emergent plants. At the same time, 0.5cm of planting soil is laid on the area around the perimeter of the ecological floating island where no planting holes are opened, and turf is laid to complete the setting up of the ecological floating island. The emergent plants include loosestrife, reed, variegated reed, umbrella grass, cattail, aquatic iris and aquatic canna.

[0092] (7) After the emergent plants have taken root and settled in the ecological floating island for 50 days, release the benthic animals such as snails, shrimps, and clams, as well as fish such as perch, snakehead, shorttailed bream, mandarin fish, yellow catfish and mandarin fish into the first area. The amount of benthic animals released is 10 kg / mu, and the amount of fish released is 50 fish / mu.

[0093] (8) Install water purification devices: in accordance with Figure 2 The water purification device shown is installed in the first sub-lake area, which is mainly divided into 5 parts. The first membrane pool (2) is set between the first diversion submerged dike (1) and the second diversion submerged dike (3), and the second membrane pool is set between the second diversion submerged dike (3) and the third diversion submerged dike (5). The diversion submerged dikes are all S-shaped and are higher than the highest water level of the lake. The membrane pool is composed of multiple sets of EHBR membranes produced and provided by Shanghai Taihe Water Environment Technology Development Co., Ltd.

[0094] (9) Construction of EHBR membrane modules: When the return water depth reaches 0.8-1m, the principle of "dense at the front and sparse at the back" is adopted. The EHBR membrane modules are installed perpendicular to the water flow line at the bottom of the lake's biological and plant communities. The installation method combines aquatic plant type and fixed type. Specifically, the EHBR membrane is first tied to the membrane support made of DN25 galvanized steel pipe, and then the membrane support is fixed to the bottom of the lake. Then, DN40 and DN32 PE pipes are used as gas supply branch pipes and DN225 PE pipes are used as gas supply main pipes for laying and connecting the gas supply pipelines. Then, the gas supply branch pipes are connected to the EHBR membrane module. The HBR membrane modules are connected, the main air supply pipeline is connected to the blower, and the blower room is located on a flat area on the shore of the lake. The first membrane tank contains 68 rows of EHBR membrane modules, with 12-18 modules per row, totaling 861 RHBR membrane units. The second membrane tank contains 51 rows of EHBR membrane modules, with 12-15 modules per row, totaling 839 EHBR membrane units. The blower room contains 4 Roots blowers (3 in operation and 1 standby), connected to a 380V power supply, with a single unit power of 30kW. The single unit's air supply capacity is 18㎡ / min, the total installed power is 120kW, and the operating power is 90kW.

[0095] (10) After the setup is completed, routine maintenance of aquatic plants and animals should be carried out, and regular harvesting and replenishment should be carried out. Regular inspection of the water purification device should be conducted to ensure its normal operation.

[0096] After bottom sediment improvement, no live groups of golden apple snails, aphids, leeches, or predatory moths are visible to the naked eye in Zone 1 of the sub-lake; the ORP of the top 10cm bottom sediment is ≥50mv, and the bottom sediment has no significant irritating odor; 3-5 days after planting submerged plant seedlings, the DO of the water is ≥2.0mg / L.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] The ecological restoration of the sub-lake area 2 as defined in Examples 1-2 is carried out using the following specific steps:

[0099] (1) Rainfall was carried out in the second sub-lake area to gradually drive the native fish species in the sub-lake to the main lake of Tangxun Lake, which is connected to the sub-lake. Then, fish barriers were built to prevent the fish from returning from the main lake to the sub-lake, which would have a negative impact on the subsequent ecological restoration.

[0100] (2) Continue to carry out precipitation in the second sub-lake area to lower its water level to 16.0m-16.3m, and clean up and transfer the remaining small number of fish;

[0101] (3) Following the steps (1)-(7) of Example 1, the bottom sediment of the second sub-lake area was improved, submerged plants were planted, water was returned and improved agents and algae-controlling zooplankton were added. Then, ecological floating islands were set up and emergent plants were planted. After the emergent plants had taken root and settled for 50 days, aquatic animals were introduced to construct a complete food chain and ecosystem.

[0102] (4) Carry out routine maintenance in the later stage, and harvest and replenish aquatic plants and animals.

[0103] After bottom sediment improvement, no live groups of golden apple snails, aphids, leeches, or predatory moths are visible to the naked eye in the second sub-lake area; the ORP of the top 10cm bottom sediment is ≥50mv, and the bottom sediment has no significant irritating odor; 3-5 days after planting submerged plant seedlings, the DO of the water is ≥2.0mg / L.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] Select lakes with similar pollution levels and geographical locations, and directly adopt the bottom sediment improvement, planting of submerged plants, water recirculation and release of amendments and algae-controlling zooplankton as described in Example 1 or 2. Then set up ecological floating islands and plant emergent plants on them. After the emergent plants have taken root and settled for 50 days, release aquatic animals to complete the construction of the food chain, optimize the lake's ecosystem, and carry out ecological restoration of the lake.

[0106] Comparative Example 2

[0107] Select lakes with similar pollution levels and geographical locations, and directly construct water purification devices using the methods described in steps (8)-(9) of Example 1. Only use water purification devices to restore the water quality of the lakes.

[0108] Result detection:

[0109] The water quality after ecological restoration using the methods described in Examples 1-2, the lake water quality in Comparative Example 1 without water purification devices, and the water quality in Comparative Example 2 with only water purification devices are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0110] Table 1. Water quality after combining aquatic plant and animal remediation with EHBR membrane in Examples 1-2

[0111]

[0112] Table 2. Water quality after aquatic plant and animal remediation in Comparative Example 1

[0113]

[0114] As shown in Table 1-2: 1. Under the same conditions, aquatic plants and animals combined with the EHBR membrane can still carry out stable ecological restoration at lower temperatures (November), reducing the content of pollutants in the water; 2. As the temperature warms up, the dominant Potamogeton crispus in winter and spring begins to die off, and Hydrilla verticillata gradually becomes dominant, squeezing the living space of Vallisneria natans. After the stems and leaves of Potamogeton crispus and Vallisneria natans decay naturally or die off in competition, the organisms release organic pollutants, resulting in the COD concentration of the effluent being higher than that of the influent; Hydrilla verticillata is dominant in summer, and its biomass increases rapidly. After artificial harvesting, a large number of broken roots remain in the water body, and nutrients re-enter the lake water body, resulting in the total phosphorus concentration of the effluent being higher than that of the influent; In summer and autumn, the high temperature intensifies the release of endogenous pollutants from the bottom sediment, which also causes the concentration of pollutants in the effluent to increase.

[0115] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system, characterized by: It includes multiple ecological floating islands (6), multiple composite fiber floating plates (8) of the ecological floating islands (6), the multiple composite fiber floating plates (8) are connected by steel wire ropes and connecting buckles (9), and multiple planting holes (801) are provided on the composite fiber floating plates (8), and aquatic plants are planted on the planting holes (801); EHBR membrane modules are also installed, which are interspersed between the ecological floating islands (6) or set at the bottom of the ecological floating islands (6); The blower room has multiple Roots blowers connected to the EHBR membrane module; It is also equipped with fixed steel pipes (11), and multiple fixed steel pipes (11) form a floating island frame. The ecological floating island (6) is connected to the fixed steel pipes (11) by multiple fixed ropes (10). The outer ring of the wide frame composed of fixed steel pipes (11) is provided with a flow-guiding soft enclosure net (12). It is also equipped with multiple anchor cables, the upper ends of which are connected to the ecological floating island (6); It includes the connection of the first diversion submerged dam (1) to the first membrane pool (2), the connection of the first membrane pool (2) to the second diversion submerged dam (3), the connection of the second diversion submerged dam (3) to the second membrane pool (4), and the connection of the second membrane pool (4) to the third diversion submerged dam (5); The method includes: S1. Lake Zoning: The lake is divided into two areas according to the direction of water flow and the elevation of the land. The area near the inlet and with higher elevation is Zone 1, and the area near the outlet and with lower elevation is Zone 2. S2. Perform precipitation treatment on the entire lake; S3, Treatment of Lake Area 1: Improve the bottom sediment of the lake in the northern area, plant submerged plants, then add water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton while recirculating the water, and finally set up ecological floating islands; S4. Treatment of Lake Area 2: In the southern lake area, fish barriers will be built to clean up and transfer the native fish. Then, the bottom sediment will be improved and submerged plants will be planted. Then, while returning water, a water conditioner and algae-controlling zooplankton will be added. Finally, ecological floating islands will be set up. S5. Setting up ecological floating islands: Set up ecological floating islands in the first and second zones of the lake, and plant emergent plants on them; S6. Release aquatic animals; S7. Installation of water purification devices: After the lake receives rainfall and before the ecological floating islands are installed, water purification devices will be installed in the northern area of ​​the lake. S8. Post-maintenance: The maintenance method is to regularly check the operating status of the water purification device and perform professional maintenance, with a maintenance frequency of 4 times / year. At the same time, the water quality, bottom sediment, and growth status of aquatic plants and animals are monitored regularly, and periodic harvesting or replenishment is carried out, with a frequency of 12 times / year.

2. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting hole (801) is a blind hole with an opening at the top and a closed bottom. The roots of aquatic plants penetrate into the water through the fiber gaps of the floating plate (8).

3. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EHBR membrane modules are installed vertically according to the principle of denser front and sparser back, and the installation method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type. The first membrane tank (2) and the second membrane tank (4) contain 800-900 EHBR membrane modules; The EHBR membrane is arranged with a denser front and a sparser back, and the fixing method is a combination of aquatic plant type and fixed type.

4. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate improvement method described in steps S3-S4 is to use quicklime and / or dried tea seed cake for disinfection; The quicklime is first mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:5-10 to prepare lime milk before sterilization. The amount of quicklime used is 40-70 g / m³.

5. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged plants mentioned in steps S3-S4 are evergreen submerged plants, including dwarf Vallisneria natans, spiny Vallisneria natans, Potamogeton malaianus, and Hydrilla verticillata. The algae-controlling zooplankton mentioned in steps S3-S4 is Daphnia macrocarpa; The emergent plants mentioned in step S5 include loosestrife, reed, variegated reed, umbrella grass, cattail, aquatic iris and aquatic canna; The aquatic animals mentioned in step S6 include benthic animals and carnivorous or omnivorous fish.

6. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The improver described in steps S3-S4 consists of an ecological oxygen-generating agent, a compound enzyme preparation, and a microbial agent.

7. The method for constructing an ecological lake wetland aquatic plant and animal community system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological oxygen generator is calcium peroxide, and the amount is 20-30 g / m 3 ; The compound enzyme preparation comprises 1,500,000 FYT / kg phytase, 350,000 FXU / kg xylanase, and 800 KNU / kg β-glucanase. The microbial agent comprises 90-100 μ / g of microbial protease, 4.0×10⁹-4.5×10⁹ CFU / mL of Bacillus subtilis, and 5.5×10⁹-6.0×10⁹ CFU / mL of compound microorganisms. The benthic animals are freshwater mussels, shrimp, and snails; The carnivorous or omnivorous fish are any of the following: perch, snakehead, shorttailed bream, mandarin fish, yellow catfish, and mandarin fish.

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