A method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for restoring shrimp grass by using natural tide pools, which belongs to the technical field of seagrass ecological restoration and reconstruction, including seed collection, temporary seed rearing, tide pool selection, sowing, and planting. Based on the study of the fixation mechanism of shrimp grass seeds, large seaweeds such as coral reefs and agar-agar are distributed in the intertidal zone, and puddles that can store water after low tide are selected for seed sowing. The present application solves the technical problem of shrimp grass seeds being fixed on reefs, and planting is completed by artificial sowing, with a higher success rate of planting than natural planting. Compared with the adult transplanting method, the present application causes less damage to existing resources, is simple and easy to operate, has low cost, and is easy to promote on a large scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of seagrass ecological restoration and reconstruction, and in particular, relates to a method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools. Background Art

[0002] Phyllospadix iwatensis is the only type of seagrass that grows on hard rocky bottoms. There are only two species in Asia, namely red Phyllospadix iwatensis and black Phyllospadix japonicus. Due to climate change and human activities, global seagrass resources have seriously declined. my country's once abundant Phyllospadix iwatensis resources have almost disappeared, black Phyllospadix iwatensis is endangered and hard to find, and red Phyllospadix iwatensis is vulnerable and distributed sporadically or in patches in some areas. Protecting and restoring seagrass beds is necessary for both blue carbon sinks and the protection of marine coastal ecosystems.

[0003] At present, there are few studies on the restoration of shrimp grass, and the relevant information on the mechanism of seed fixation is very limited. Shrimp grass has two ways of reproduction. The prosperity of its population and the increase of its biomass mainly rely on asexual reproduction of rhizomes, while sexual reproduction is more meaningful for the renewal and spread of the population. The seeds of shrimp grass are horseshoe-shaped, with a hard coating and a thicker ventral part. There are wing-like structures on both sides of the seeds, and the inner side of the wings is densely covered with inverted bristles, which can anchor the roots of large seaweed branches and achieve early initial fixation. Therefore, shrimp grass is called a late species in community succession. The establishment process of shrimp grass seeds is complicated, and it goes through anchoring, germination, rooting, and fixation processes in sequence; the establishment lasts a long time, and it takes 7-10 months from anchoring to fixation, of which the interval time for rooting after germination is as long as 5-6 months. The early anchoring is extremely important for the establishment of shrimp grass seeds, which depends on the type and density of the anchorable matrix; the success rate of shrimp grass establishment is low, and the seeds that succeed in natural establishment are opportunists. Most shrimp grass seeds are lost due to immaturity, diffusion or animal feeding, and the final seed seedling rate is less than 1%.

[0004] Eelgrass and shrimp grass are the main seagrass species in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Existing eelgrass research has shown that eelgrass usually grows in muddy areas with slow water flow. Whether it is seed sowing or seedling or adult transplanting, it can take root in the muddy bottom, and the rhizome and underground tissue are well developed, making it easy to complete establishment; shrimp grass inhabits intertidal reefs with intense waves and currents. Its ecological habit of germinating before taking root and its slow root development results in an extremely low chance of seeds surviving and eventually establishing, which brings many difficulties to ecological restoration; due to differences in habitats and fixation mechanisms, the ecological restoration technology of eelgrass is not applicable to shrimp grass.

[0005] So far, the restoration work of shrimp grass has been very limited, and there are only reports on transplanting shrimp grass adults to artificial reefs, that is, fixing them with wire mesh in the early stage of transplantation and then relying on the growth of shrimp grass fibrous roots to fix them. Transplanting adults will damage the natural resources of shrimp grass, and it is tedious, laborious and costly, making it difficult to promote on a large scale. Therefore, it is necessary to explore simple and efficient restoration technology based on seed method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools, which solves the problem that the existing shrimp grass restoration technology is cumbersome, laborious, costly, and difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0007] The present application embodiment provides a method for restoring shrimp grass using a natural tide pool, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Collecting shrimp grass seeds: Pick mature seed pods of red fibrous shrimp grass in the growing area of ​​red fibrous shrimp grass;

[0009] Step 2: temporarily raising seeds: putting the collected mature seed pods of red shrimp grass into a net bag for temporary raising to obtain temporary raising seeds;

[0010] Step 3. Tide pool selection: Select tide pools with anchoring substrates and that can store water during low tide as target areas for restoration;

[0011] Step 4, sowing: sowing the temporary seeds when they germinate, washing the temporary seeds, and then sowing the washed temporary seeds in the target area;

[0012] Step 5, Planting: After sowing, the temporarily cultivated seeds are anchored on the anchoring matrix and gradually germinate and grow, and gradually produce fibrous roots, and finally fix on the reef to obtain successfully repaired shrimp-shaped grass.

[0013] In one embodiment,

[0014] The time for picking the mature seed pods of the red fibrous root shrimp grass described in step 1 is early July.

[0015] In one embodiment,

[0016] In step 2, the mesh bag has a specification of 30*40 cm and a pore size of 30 meshes, and 100 mature seed pods of the red root shrimp grass are placed in each mesh bag.

[0017] In one embodiment,

[0018] Step 2: The temporary culture carrier is a breeding raft frame in the sea area, and the temporary culture period is 3 months.

[0019] In one embodiment,

[0020] The anchoring matrix in step 3 is the root branches of large seaweed.

[0021] In one embodiment,

[0022] The tide pool described in step 3 is a mid-tidal zone tide pool in the intertidal zone.

[0023] In one embodiment,

[0024] The water depth of the mid-tidal zone tide pool is 5-30 cm after low tide, and coral algae and agar are present in the mid-tidal zone tide pool.

[0025] In one embodiment,

[0026] The sowing time described in step 4 is mid-October.

[0027] In one embodiment,

[0028] The specific steps of washing impurities in step 4 are: washing to remove impurities such as seed pod shells, large shells, etc.; the sowing density is 200 seeds per square meter, and the sowing time is during low tide.

[0029] In one embodiment,

[0030] Step 5: The time for producing fibrous roots is 5-6 months after sowing.

[0031] The present application provides a method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools. Based on the research on the fixation mechanism of shrimp grass, the principle of "root and branch anchoring of large seaweed" is adopted, and a puddle area with coral reefs, agara, and other large seaweeds distributed and which can store water after low tide is selected as the target sea area, providing a seed anchoring matrix and suitable conditions for root development; the present application solves the technical problem of shrimp grass seed fixation on reefs, and completes the planting through artificial sowing, with a higher success rate than natural planting; compared with the adult transplanting method, the damage to existing natural resources is small, the restoration operation is simple and easy, the cost is low, the success rate is high, and it can be promoted on a large scale, filling the gap in the restoration of shrimp grass seed method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the seed collection steps;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the seed temporary care step;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of steps to implement for tide pool selection;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for implementing the seeding step;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the planting steps;

[0038] Figure 6 Create a statistical chart for shrimp grass tide pools;

[0039] Figure 7 Create a timeline flow chart for planting shrimp grass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Step 1: Collecting shrimp grass seeds: In early July, dive and pick mature seed pods of red fibrous root shrimp grass in the subtidal zone of Sunjia sea area in Nanchangshan, Changdao, Shandong Province. The mature seed pods are dark brown, growing at the base of the shrimp grass, with both sides curved inwards like shrimps, and swollen in the middle. The seed pods are 4-5cm long and contain 6-8 seeds. Figure 1 As shown, 1a is a picture of diving to pick seed pods, 1b is a picture of seed pods, and 1c is a picture of seeds;

[0043] Step 2: Temporary seed culture: collect mature seed pods of red shrimp grass, 100 per bag, and put them into 30*40cm 30-mesh net bags. Use the vertical culture method and hang them on the breeding raft frame in the nearby sea area for temporary culture for 1 month until the seeds are fully mature, naturally detach from the seed pods and fall into the net bag. After washing the seeds and changing the bags, continue to temporarily culture for 2 months to obtain temporary culture seeds; Figure 2 As shown, 2a is the seed pod packaging diagram, 2b is the offshore hanging cultivation diagram, and 2c is the net bag diagram for temporary cultivation for 3 months;

[0044] Step 3: Tide pool selection: Before sowing shrimp grass seeds, Figure 3 As shown in the figure, in the intertidal zone of rocky reef bottom in the open sea area facing the waves, natural tide pools were inspected, and tide pools with anchoring matrix and water storage during low tide were selected as the target areas for restoration. Six mid-tidal zone tide pools were selected in the intertidal zone of the sea area. The water depth of the mid-tidal zone tide pools was 5-30cm after low tide. There were coral algae and agar in the mid-tidal zone tide pools. The areas of the six tide pools were No. 1: 0.82m 2 , No. 2: 0.63m 2 , No. 3: 1.3m2 , No. 4: 0.39m 2 , No. 5: 0.72m 2 , No. 6: 0.55m 2 ; The depth of the mid-tidal zone tidal pool is 5-30cm after the tide recedes. There are coralline algae and agar-agar growing in the pool, among which small coralline algae are the main ones; the anchoring matrix is ​​the root branches of large seaweed;

[0045] Step 4: Sowing: The sowing time is mid-October, when some of the temporary seeds germinate. First, wash the temporary seeds to remove impurities such as seed pods and large shells. Then, sow the seeds in the tidal pools of the target area during low tide at a density of 200 seeds per square meter. The sowing area is the algae. Figure 4 As shown, 4a is a seed state diagram during sowing, 4b is a sowing position diagram, and 4c is a sowing diagram;

[0046] Step 5, Planting: After the seeds are sown, according to the principle of "root and branch anchoring of large seaweed" (since shrimp grass seeds have an anchor structure, the anchor structure can be anchored on the anchoring matrix, the anchoring matrix is ​​the root branch of large seaweed, and the anchor claws of shrimp grass seeds can be anchored and grown on the root branch of large seaweed), the shrimp grass seeds are anchored in the target area; the anchored seeds gradually germinate and grow, and after 2 months of growth, the seedlings reach 2-4cm, and in April of the following year, fibrous roots are gradually produced and fixed on the reef, and the shrimp grass that has been successfully repaired is obtained, and finally the shrimp grass restoration is completed by planting; Figure 5 As shown, 5a is the seedling anchoring diagram, 5b is the seedling growth diagram, and 5c is the seedling planting diagram.

[0047] Specifically, the time for producing fibrous roots is 5-6 months after sowing; using the shrimp grass fixation method provided in the present application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the establishment rates of the six mid-tidal zone tide pools are No. 1: 18.3%, No. 2: 20.8%, No. 3: 21.1%, No. 4: 27.5%, No. 5: 22.8%, and No. 6: 23.6%.

[0048] The establishment rate of artificial sowing can reach more than 20%, far exceeding the natural establishment rate. The establishment process is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0049] The present application provides a method for restoring shrimp grass by using natural tide pools, which specifically includes the following steps: shrimp grass seed collection: picking mature seed pods of red fibrous shrimp grass in the growth area of ​​red fibrous shrimp grass; seed temporary cultivation: putting the collected mature seed pods of red fibrous shrimp grass into a net bag for temporary cultivation in the sea area to obtain temporary cultivation seeds; tide pool selection: selecting a tide pool with an anchoring matrix and capable of storing water during low tide as the target area for restoration; sowing: sowing when the temporary cultivation seeds are individually germinated, first washing the temporary cultivation seeds, and then sowing the washed temporary cultivation seeds in the tide pool; planting: after sowing, the temporary cultivation seeds are anchored on the anchoring matrix and germinate successively The plant will grow and gradually produce fibrous roots, which will eventually attach to the reefs. Based on the research on the attachment mechanism of Shrimp Grass, the principle of "root and branch anchoring of large seaweeds" is adopted, and puddles with large seaweeds such as coral reefs and agaraia distributed and which can store water after low tide are selected as target sea areas for seed sowing, which can provide good attachment conditions and promote root development. The present application solves the technical problem of Shrimp Grass seed attachment to reefs, and the planting is completed by artificial sowing, with a higher success rate than natural planting. Compared with the adult transplanting method, the damage to the existing Shrimp Grass natural resources is small, the restoration operation is simple and easy, the cost is low, and it can be promoted on a large scale, filling the gap in the restoration of Shrimp Grass seeds.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Collecting shrimp grass seeds: Pick mature seed pods of red fibrous shrimp grass in the growing area of ​​red fibrous shrimp grass; Step 2: temporarily raising seeds: putting the collected mature seed pods of red shrimp grass into a net bag for temporary raising to obtain temporary raising seeds; Step 3. Tide pool selection: Select tide pools with anchoring substrates and that can store water during low tide as target areas for restoration; Step 4, sowing: sowing the temporary seeds when they germinate, washing the temporary seeds, and then sowing the washed temporary seeds in the target area; Step 5, planting: after sowing, the temporarily cultivated seeds are anchored on the anchoring matrix and gradually germinate and grow, and gradually produce fibrous roots, and finally fix on the reef to obtain successfully restored shrimp-shaped grass; The time for picking the mature seed pods of the red fibrous root shrimp grass in step 1 is early July, the time for temporary cultivation in step 2 is 3 months, and the time for sowing in step 4 is mid-October; In step 3, the anchoring matrix is ​​the root branch of large seaweed, and the tide pool is the mid-tidal zone tide pool in the intertidal zone; The water depth of the mid-tidal zone tide pool is 5-30 cm after low tide, and coral algae and agar are present in the mid-tidal zone tide pool.

2. The method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the mesh bag has a specification of 30*40 cm and a pore size of 30 meshes, and 100 mature seed pods of the red root shrimp grass are placed in each mesh bag.

3. The method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2: The temporary carrier is a breeding raft frame in the sea area.

4. The method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of washing impurities in step 4 are: washing to remove impurities such as seed pod shells, large shells, etc.; the sowing density is 200 seeds per square meter, and the sowing time is during low tide.

5. The method for restoring shrimp grass using natural tide pools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 5: The time for producing fibrous roots is 5-6 months after sowing.

Images