Aluminum friction-welded terminal and terminal welding apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electrical elements, in particular to an aluminum friction welding terminal, which comprises an aluminum friction welding terminal, a terminal body is provided with a plug-in hole, a conductor ring is embedded in the plug-in hole, the conductor ring is a circular ring structure, the conductor ring is made of copper, the terminal body is made of aluminum, and a screw for fixing the terminal body can be arranged in the conductor ring. In the application, the terminal has the dual advantages of low cost and high stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electrical components, and in particular to an aluminum friction welding terminal and terminal welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Terminals are typically connected to the ends of wire harnesses and are primarily used for connecting to batteries. Terminals generally have a sheet-like structure. They have insertion holes for screws. To secure the terminal, a screw is passed through and then threaded into the threaded hole of the battery, thus fixing the terminal and establishing the connection between the wire harness and the battery.

[0003] For example, the patent document with publication number CN104170168B discloses a terminal and a wire with a terminal. It includes a front terminal part and a rear terminal part, the front terminal part has a plug hole for inserting a screw, and the rear terminal part crimps the wire.

[0004] Terminal materials are typically copper or aluminum. Aluminum terminals are susceptible to electrochemical corrosion during use, while copper terminals, although chemically stable, are heavier and more expensive. Improving the stability of terminals during use while controlling their quality and cost is a pressing issue in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the cost of terminals while maintaining their stability during use, this application provides an aluminum friction welding terminal and terminal welding equipment.

[0006] on the one hand

[0007] The aluminum friction welding terminal provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An aluminum friction welding terminal includes a terminal body with a insertion hole and a conductor ring embedded in the insertion hole. The conductor ring is a circular ring structure and is made of copper. The terminal body is made of aluminum, and a screw for fixing the terminal body can pass through the conductor ring.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a conductor ring is placed in the insertion hole of the terminal body to prevent the terminal body from being connected to screws or equipment. The conductor ring is made of chemically stable copper, thereby reducing the possibility of electrochemical corrosion of the terminal. At the same time, since the terminal body is made of aluminum, the terminal also has the advantage of low cost.

[0010] Optionally, the two end faces of the conductor ring extend to the outside of the insertion hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the conductor ring end face extends to the outside of the insertion hole, so that the screw can maintain a gap with the terminal body after clamping the terminal, and at the same time, there is a gap between the terminal body and the equipment, preventing the aluminum terminal body from contacting the screw or equipment, and further reducing the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion of the terminal.

[0012] Optionally, the conductor ring includes a large ring and a small ring, which are coaxially arranged and connected to each other on their adjacent sides.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the large ring and the small ring form a stepped structure, which makes it difficult for the conductor ring to detach from the plug hole before welding, thus facilitating the subsequent welding process.

[0014] on the other hand

[0015] The terminal welding equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0016] A terminal welding device includes a frame and a friction welding device, and also includes a feeding device. The frame is further provided with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate has a limiting groove that extends horizontally. The terminal strip can slide in the limiting groove along the through direction of the limiting groove. The feeding device and the friction welding device are arranged along the sliding direction of the terminal strip. The feeding device is used to embed a conductor ring into a plug hole, and the friction welding device is used to weld the conductor ring.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the terminal strip slides in the limiting groove, which guides the movement of the terminal strip. During the movement of the terminal strip, the terminal body passes sequentially through the feeding device and the friction welding device. The feeding device embeds the conductor ring into the insertion hole, and then the friction welding device welds the conductor ring to the terminal body, realizing automated terminal production.

[0018] Optionally, the feeding device includes a vibrating plate for arranging conductor rings and a conveying track for moving the conductor rings. One end of the conveying track is connected to the discharge port of the vibrating plate, and the other end extends directly above the limiting plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibratory feeder operates, causing the stacked conductor rings to be discharged from the discharge port of the vibratory feeder in an orderly manner. Then, the conductor rings are guided by the conveying track to move directly above the limiting plate. When the insertion hole of the terminal body on the limiting plate corresponds to the conductor ring, the conductor ring can be embedded in the insertion hole, realizing the assembly between the conductor ring and the terminal body. Subsequently, the conductor ring can be welded by the friction welding device.

[0020] Optionally, the conveying track includes a mixing section and a separating section. The mixing section has a sliding channel that runs through the length of the mixing section. The sliding channel includes a support groove and a guide groove. There are two guide grooves. The support groove is located between the two guide grooves and communicates with the guide grooves. The width of the support groove corresponds to the outer diameter of the large ring of the conductor ring, and the width of the guide groove corresponds to the outer diameter of the small ring of the conductor ring. The separating section includes a conveying part and a flipping part. The flipping part has a sliding channel. The sliding channel includes a support groove and a guide groove located on one side of the support groove. The conveying part also has a sliding channel. The sliding channel on the conveying part includes a support groove and a guide groove located on one side of the support groove. The guide grooves on the conveying part and the guide grooves on the flipping part are respectively connected to the two guide grooves on the mixing section. The flipping part is rotated 180° around its own length.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding channel on the mixing section includes two guide grooves, so the conductor ring can enter the mixing section regardless of whether it is in a forward or reverse state. When the conductor ring is in the mixing section, the two guide grooves interact with the small ring of the conductor ring to limit and guide the movement of the conductor ring in different states. Subsequently, multiple conductor rings are guided to the flipping section or the conveying section according to their own states. The flipping section itself twists, and as the conductor ring moves in the flipping section, it can flip, thereby unifying the state of multiple conductor rings and facilitating the insertion of the conductor ring into the insertion hole.

[0022] Optionally, the conveying track further includes a gathering section, which has a "V" shaped structure. One end of the gathering section extends directly above the limiting plate, and the other two ends are connected to the separating section and the conveying section, respectively. The gathering section is provided with a sliding channel that communicates with the sliding channels on the separating section and the conveying section. A discharge hole is provided on the side of the gathering section near the ground, away from the separating section, and the conductor ring can be moved out from the discharge hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the conductor rings are flipped over and then assembled into a group through the collection part, which further facilitates the embedding of the conductor rings into the plug hole.

[0024] Optionally, the frame is further provided with a material picking assembly, which is located below the limiting plate and corresponds to the position of the discharge hole. The material picking assembly includes a driving block and a moving rod. The driving block is slidably connected to the frame in the vertical direction. The moving rod is mounted on the driving block. The diameter of the moving rod is equal to the inner diameter of the small ring. The diameter of the discharge hole is larger than the outer diameter of the conductor ring. A flexible support is provided on the side wall of the discharge hole. The support is used to prevent the conductor ring from moving downward. A centering surface is provided on the side of the moving rod away from the ground to guide the moving rod to insert into the conductor ring. An annular mounting groove is opened on the side wall of the moving rod. An annular rubber airbag is provided in the mounting groove.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, in the actual production process, the terminal strip moves, driving the terminal to move. When the terminal moves to the position corresponding to the discharge hole, the moving rod moves upward, passes through the insertion hole on the terminal body, and then continues to be inserted into the conductor ring. During the process of the moving rod inserting into the conductor ring, the centering surface guides the movement of the conductor ring, adjusting the position of the conductor ring to correspond with the insertion hole. Then, air is inflated into the rubber airbag, and the airbag expands and presses against the conductor ring. Subsequently, the drive block moves downward, which can drive the conductor ring to be embedded in the insertion hole.

[0026] Optionally, an adjusting component is provided between the moving rod and the driving block. The adjusting component is a vertically arranged cylindrical rod with a diameter the same as the outer diameter of the small ring. One end of the adjusting component is connected to the driving block and can move arbitrarily in the horizontal plane. An adjusting slope is provided on the side of the adjusting component facing away from the ground. The adjusting slope is used to guide the adjusting component to be inserted into the insertion hole. The moving rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the adjusting component.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the terminal strip moves intermittently during the production process. After the terminal strip stops moving, the drive block moves upward, and the adjusting component is inserted into the insertion hole. At the same time, under the action of the adjusting slope, the adjusting component is guided to be coaxial with the insertion hole. Subsequently, the moving rod is inserted into the conductor ring, and the centering surface guides the conductor ring to be coaxial with the moving rod, thereby making the conductor ring coaxial with the insertion hole, which facilitates the insertion of the conductor ring into the insertion hole.

[0028] Optionally, a position detection system is also included. This system comprises an information acquisition module and a data processing module. The information acquisition module acquires image information of the terminal body and conductor ring after the terminal strip stops moving. The data processing module processes the images to determine the center position of the conductor ring. The friction welding device can move in two mutually perpendicular directions in the horizontal plane. The image processing steps of the data processing module include:

[0029] Extract the contour line of the inner sidewall of the conductor ring;

[0030] Calculate the center of the circle: Take two sets of measuring points on the contour line, each set including two measuring points. Use the coordinates of the measuring points to derive the equation of the straight line formed by connecting the two measuring points in the same set.

[0031] The equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment formed by connecting the two points is obtained by using the equation of the line at the measuring point.

[0032] The intersection of the two perpendicular bisectors is determined by the directions of the two sets of measuring points, thus revealing the center of the circle.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the conductor ring is detected by the detection system, so that the friction welding device can be pressed tightly at the center of the conductor ring, reducing the impact of uneven force on the conductor ring on the welding effect.

[0034] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] The terminal consists of two parts: an aluminum terminal body and a copper conductor ring embedded in the insertion slot. The conductor ring contacts the external equipment, reducing the possibility of electrochemical corrosion of the terminal.

[0036] The conductor ring is assembled by a feeding device, and then the conductor ring is welded by a friction welding device to complete the automatic processing of the terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aluminum friction welding terminal according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conductor ring structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the terminal welding equipment according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the terminal welding equipment according to an embodiment of this application after the protective cover is removed.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the conveyor track according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the separation section in an embodiment of this application (mainly used to show the structure of the guide groove of the separation section).

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aggregation segment in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material handling component structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting component according to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the friction welding apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the location detection system in this application.

[0048] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the image processing in the location detection system of this application.

[0049] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the calculation of the center of a circle in the location detection system of this application.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1. Terminal body; 11. Socket; 2. Conductor ring; 21. Large ring; 22. Small ring; 23. Positioning groove; 3. Terminal strip; 31. Connecting strip; 4. Frame; 5. Friction welding device; 51. Bed; 52. Spindle; 53. Two-jaw chuck; 54. Workpiece clamp; 55. Waste bin; 56. Protective shell; 57. Sliding door; 58. Observation window; 6. Feeding device; 61. Vibratory feeder; 62. Conveying track; 621. Mixing section; 622. Separating section; 6221. Conveying part; 6222. Tilting part; 623. Sliding channel; 624. 625. Support groove; 626. Guide groove; 627. Gathering part; 628. First connecting part; 629. Second connecting part; 620. Discharge hole; 7. Limiting plate; 71. Limiting groove; 8. Material picking assembly; 81. Moving rod; 82. Gripping component; 83. Support component; 84. Centering surface; 85. Drive block; 86. Connecting component; 861. Sliding disk; 862. Connecting rod; 863. Sliding cavity; 87. Adjusting component; 88. Adjusting slope; 9. Moving assembly; 91. Sliding block; 92. First lead screw; 93. Second lead screw; 94. First driving component; 95. Second driving component. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-13 This application will be described in further detail.

[0052] This application discloses an aluminum friction welding terminal.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2An aluminum friction-welded terminal includes a terminal body 1 and a conductor ring 2. The terminal body 1 has a insertion hole 11 for a screw to pass through. The conductor ring 2 has an annular structure and is embedded in the insertion hole 11. The screw can pass through the conductor ring 2. During use, the screw head presses against the conductor ring 2, achieving connection between the terminal and electrical equipment. The conductor ring 2 is made of a chemically stable metal material; in this embodiment, it is made of copper. The terminal body 1 is made of a lower-cost metal material; in this embodiment, it is made of aluminum. During use, the screw abuts against the conductor ring 2. The stability of the conductor ring 2's chemical properties reduces chemical corrosion at the connection point with the equipment. Simultaneously, the aluminum material of the terminal body 1 reduces the overall cost of the terminal.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The conductor ring 2 includes a large ring 21 and a small ring 22, both of which are annular structures. The large ring 21 and small ring 22 are arranged along their own axial direction, and their end faces are integrally formed. The outer diameter of the large ring 21 is larger than that of the small ring 22, and the inner diameter of the small ring 22 is smaller than that of the large ring 21, resulting in a stepped cross-section of the conductor ring 2 on a plane coinciding with its own axis. The insertion hole 11 is also stepped, corresponding to the conductor ring 2. During the installation of the conductor ring 2, the large ring 21 is positioned above the small ring 22, and the sidewall of the insertion hole 11 prevents the conductor ring 2 from moving downwards and disengaging from the insertion hole 11, facilitating subsequent welding of the conductor ring 2 to the terminal body 1.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The large ring 21 and the small ring 22 are located on opposite sides of the terminal body 1. After the terminal is installed, the conductor ring 2 abuts against the equipment, while maintaining a certain gap between the terminal body 1 and the equipment. The screw head abuts against the conductor ring 2 and maintains a gap with the terminal body 1, thereby further reducing the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion of the terminal body 1.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A positioning groove 23 is provided on the end face of the large ring 21 away from the small ring 22. The positioning groove 23 has a polygonal structure. During subsequent welding, pressure can be applied to the conductor ring 2 by inserting a hexagonal rod into the positioning groove 23, thereby improving the stability of the conductor ring 2 during the welding process.

[0057] The implementation principle of an aluminum friction welding terminal according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: a conductor ring 2 is embedded in the insertion hole 11 on the terminal for screw insertion. The conductor ring 2 contacts the screw and the equipment, thereby reducing the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion of the terminal. At the same time, the superior mechanical properties of the conductor ring 2 are used to improve the overall structural strength of the aluminum terminal.

[0058] This application also discloses a terminal welding device.

[0059] Referring to Figure 4, it should be noted that during the terminal production process, the board material is first cut by a cutting device to form terminal strip 3. Terminal strip 3 mainly includes two parallel, spaced-apart connecting strips 31. Terminal bodies 1 are located between the two connecting strips 31 and are arranged in multiple pairs along the length of the connecting strips 31. Connection points are provided between the terminals and the connecting strips 31 to achieve connection between the terminal bodies 1 and the connecting strips 31, and simultaneously to achieve connection between multiple terminal bodies. In subsequent processes, a terminal crimping machine is used to crimp the terminals to disconnect them from the connecting strips 31, while the tail of the terminal is clamped to the wire harness to achieve connection between the wire harness and the terminal.

[0060] In this application, after the terminal strip 3 is formed, it is processed by the terminal welding equipment provided in this application. The terminal welding equipment is used to weld the conductor ring 2 to the terminal body 1.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A terminal welding apparatus includes a frame 4, a friction welding device 5 mounted on the frame 4 for welding a conductor ring 2 and a terminal, and a feeding device 6 for embedding the conductor ring 2 into a insertion hole 11 on a terminal body 1. The feeding device 6 and the friction welding device 5 are arranged along the length direction of the terminal strip 3. During the actual welding process, the terminal strip moves along its own length direction, and the terminal body 1 in the terminal strip passes through the feeding device 6 and the friction welding device 5 in sequence. The feeding device 6 embeds the conductor ring 2 into the insertion hole 11 on the terminal body 1, and then the terminal moves to the corresponding position of the friction welding device 5, whereby the friction welding device 5 performs the welding.

[0062] Referring to Figure 4, a limiting plate 7 is provided on the frame 4. A limiting groove 71 extending horizontally is provided on the side of the limiting plate 7 away from the ground, and the terminal strip 3 can slide in the limiting groove 71.

[0063] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The feeding device 6 includes a vibratory feeder 61 and a conveying track 62. The conveying track 62 has an inlet end and an outlet end, and the inlet end of the conveying track 62 is connected to the outlet of the vibratory feeder 61. The outlet end of the conveying track 62 extends directly above the terminal strip 3. The conductor rings 2 are stacked in the vibratory feeder 61. When the terminals on the terminal strip 3 pass through the outlet end, the conductor rings 2 are discharged from the outlet of the conveying track 62, thereby embedding the conductor rings 2 into the insertion holes 11 on the terminal body 1.

[0064] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The conveying track 62 includes a mixing section 621 and a separating section 622. A sliding channel 623 extending along the length of the mixing section 621 is provided on the mixing section 621. The sliding channel 623 includes a support groove 624 and a guide groove 625. The width dimension of the support groove 624 corresponds to the outer diameter of the large ring 21 of the conductor ring 2, and the width dimension of the guide groove 625 corresponds to the outer diameter of the small ring 22. Two guide grooves 625 are provided, located on opposite sides of the support groove 624, and are interconnected. In this embodiment, the conductor ring 2 is discharged horizontally from the outlet of the vibrating plate 61. After discharge, the conductor ring 2 exists in two states: the small ring 22 is above the large ring 21 (defined as the reverse state of the conductor ring 2) or the small ring 22 is below the large ring 21 (defined as the forward state of the conductor ring 2). The two guide grooves 625 correspond to the positions of the small rings 22 of the conductor ring 2 in different states, so that the conductor ring 2 can enter the conveying track 62.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The separating section 622 includes a tilting section 6222 and a conveying section 6221. The tilting section 6222 also has a sliding channel 623, which includes a guide groove 625 positioned above a support groove 624. The support groove 624 on the tilting section 6222 communicates with the support groove 624 on the mixing section 621, and the guide groove 625 on the tilting section 622 communicates with the guide groove 625 on the mixing section 621 located above the support groove 624. The conveying section 6221 also has a sliding channel 623, which includes a support groove 624 and a guide groove 625 located below the support groove 624. The guide groove 625 on the conveying section 6221 communicates with the guide groove 625 on the mixing section 621 located below the support groove 624. During the movement of the conductor ring 2 on the conveying track 62, the guide groove 625 located above the support groove 624 guides the movement of the conductor ring 2 in the reverse state. The guide groove 625 located below the support groove 624 guides the movement of the conductor ring 2 in the forward state. As the conductor ring 2 continues to move, when the conductor ring 2 passes through the separation section 622, the conductor ring 2 in the reverse state is guided into the flipping part 6222 by the flipping part 6222. The conductor ring 2 in the forward state is guided into the sliding channel 623 on the conveying part 6221 by the guide groove 625 on the conveying part 6221. The flipping part 6222 twists 180° around its own length direction so that the conductor ring 2 can be flipped 180° after passing through the flipping part 6222, changing the conductor ring 2 from the reverse state to the forward state, making it convenient for the conductor ring 2 to be embedded in the insertion hole 11.

[0066] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 A collecting section 626 is provided at the end of the separating section 622 away from the mixing section 621. The collecting section 626 includes a first connecting section 627 and a second connecting section 628. Both the first connecting section 627 and the second connecting section 628 are provided with sliding channels 623, and the sliding channels 623 on the first connecting section 627 and the second connecting section 628 have the same structure as the sliding channels 623 on the conveying section 6221. One end of the first connecting section 627 and the second connecting section 628 overlaps and connects to each other, so that the sliding channels 623 in the first connecting section 627 and the second connecting section 628 are interconnected, forming a herringbone structure. The two ends of the first connecting section 627 and the second connecting section 628 near the separating section 622 are connected to the flipping section 6222 and the conveying section 6221, respectively, so that the conductor ring 2 in the reverse state is flipped and collected in the collecting section 626, which further facilitates the feeding of the conductor ring 2.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 The collecting part 626 has a discharge hole 629 on its side near the ground. As the conductor ring 2 moves, when the conductor ring 2 is in the position corresponding to the discharge hole 629, the conductor ring 2 can move downward through the discharge hole 629 and thus be embedded in the plug hole 11. As the terminals pass through the discharge hole 629 one by one, multiple conductor rings 2 are embedded in different plug holes 11 in sequence to achieve continuous feeding.

[0068] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 A material-grabbing assembly 8 is provided on the frame 4 at the position corresponding to the discharge hole 629. The material-grabbing assembly 8 includes a moving rod 81 and a gripping component 82. The moving rod 81 is slidably connected to the frame 4 in the vertical direction. Moving the moving rod 81 allows it to move closer to or away from the discharge hole 629. The gripping component 82 is mounted on the moving rod 81 and is used to grip the conductor ring 2. A support component 83 is provided on the side wall of the discharge hole 629 to support the conductor ring 2 and prevent it from moving downward. In this embodiment, the support component 83 is a flexible brush. During the installation of the conductor ring 2, after the terminal strip 3 stops moving, the moving rod 81 passes through the insertion hole 11 and approaches the discharge hole 629. Then, the gripping component 82 grips the conductor ring 2, and then the moving rod 81 moves downward, applying a force to the conductor ring 2. Under the action of the force, the conductor ring 2 overcomes the elastic force of the support component 83 and is discharged from the discharge hole 629 and embedded in the insertion hole 11.

[0069] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9The movable rod 81 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure, and its diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the small ring 22, allowing the movable rod 81 to be inserted into the small ring 22. In this embodiment, the gripping component 82 is an annular rubber airbag. An annular mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the movable rod 81, and the rubber airbag is fitted onto the side of the mounting groove parallel to the movable rod 81. The rubber airbag is connected to an air pump, and by controlling the amount of air inside the rubber airbag, the airbag can be expanded or contracted. After expansion, the airbag can abut against the inner side wall of the small ring 22, thereby gripping the conductor ring 2.

[0070] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The discharge hole 629 has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the large ring 21 of the conductor ring 2. A centering surface 84 is provided on the end face of the moving rod 81 facing away from the ground. The centering surface 84 is inclined away from the axis of the moving rod 81 from the vertically downward direction. During the insertion of the moving rod 81 into the small ring 22, the centering surface 84 abuts against the conductor ring 2, thereby adjusting the position of the conductor ring 2 to make it coaxial with the moving rod 81, thus facilitating the insertion of the conductor ring 2 into the insertion hole 11.

[0071] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The material handling assembly 8 also includes a drive block 85, which is slidably connected to the frame 4 in a vertical direction and is driven by a cylinder. An adjusting member 87 is provided between the moving rod 81 and the drive block 85. The adjusting member 87 can move relative to the drive block 85 in any direction parallel to the ground. The moving rod 81 is coaxially welded to the adjusting member 87. The adjusting member 87 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure, vertically positioned, and has an adjusting inclined surface 88 at the end facing away from the ground. The adjusting inclined surface 88 is inclined downwards in a direction away from the axis of the adjusting member 87. The diameter of the adjusting member 87 is equal to the outer diameter of the small ring 22, allowing the adjusting member 87 to be inserted into the insertion hole 11. Simultaneously, during the insertion of the adjusting member 87 into the insertion hole 11, the adjusting inclined surface 88 abuts against the side wall of the insertion hole 11 to adjust the position of the adjusting member 87, ensuring that the adjusting member 87 is coaxial with the insertion hole 11. This reduces the possibility of the moving rod 81 failing to pass through the insertion hole 11 after the terminal strip 3 stops moving. Furthermore, after the adjusting member 87 is inserted into the insertion hole 11 and is coaxial with it, as the drive block 85 moves, the moving rod 81, during insertion into the conductor ring 2, adjusts the position of the conductor ring 2 with the center surface 84 to make it coaxial with the moving rod 81. This ensures that the conductor ring 2 is coaxial with the insertion hole 11, facilitating the embedding of the conductor ring 2 into the insertion hole 11.

[0072] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9A connecting member 86 is provided on the side of the adjusting member 87 near the driving block 85. The connecting member 86 includes a sliding disk 861 and a connecting rod 862. A circular sliding cavity 863 is formed inside the driving block 85, and the sliding disk 861 has a disc-shaped structure. The sliding disk 861 is coaxially disposed in the sliding cavity 863, and the diameter of the sliding cavity 863 is larger than the diameter of the sliding disk 861, so that the sliding disk 861 can move arbitrarily in the horizontal plane. One end of the connecting rod 862 is welded to the sliding disk 861, and the other end is welded to the adjusting member 87. A clearance groove is formed on the driving block 85 at the position corresponding to the connecting rod 862 to accommodate the movement of the connecting rod 862 following the movement of the sliding disk 861; thus realizing the sliding connection between the adjusting member 87 and the driving block 85.

[0073] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 10 The friction welding device 5 mainly includes a bed 51 and a spindle 52. The spindle 52 is vertically mounted and rotatably connected to the bed 51. The spindle 52 is driven by a servo motor (not shown in the figure). A two-jaw chuck 53 (MLV06) is provided at the end of the spindle 52 closest to the ground, and a workpiece clamp 54 is provided between the two jaws of the two-jaw chuck. A hexagonal head is provided at the end of the workpiece clamp 54 closest to the ground. The hexagonal head is a hexagonal prism structure corresponding to the positioning groove on the conductor ring. A slide table (LG-KL / KT) is provided between the spindle 52 and the bed. The movement of the spindle 52 is controlled by the slide table to realize the feed of the spindle 52. The movement of the spindle 52 drives the hexagonal head to insert into the positioning groove, so that when the spindle 52 rotates, it can drive the conductor ring to rotate. The rotation of the conductor ring and the terminal body generate high temperature through friction, realizing the welding connection between the conductor ring and the terminal body.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 10 A waste chip box 55 is installed below the friction welding device 5 to collect the waste chips generated during the welding process. In this embodiment, the slide is lubricated with grease, specifically lithium-based grease No. 00. The friction welding device 5 is automatically controlled by a PLC program.

[0075] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 10 The frame is covered by a protective shell 56, and a sliding door 57 is slidably installed on the protective shell 56. An observation window 58 is reserved on the sliding door 57, and transparent glass is installed in the observation window 58 to facilitate the staff to observe the welding status.

[0076] Reference Figure 4A movable component 9 is provided between the friction welding device 5 and the frame 4. The movable component 9 includes a sliding block 91, which is slidably connected to the frame 4 in a direction parallel to the limiting groove 71. The friction welding device 5 is slidably connected to the sliding block 91 in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding block 91. The position of the ultrasonic welding on the horizontal plane can be adjusted by the movement of the sliding block 91 and the friction welding device 5 itself.

[0077] The moving assembly 9 also includes a first lead screw 92, a second lead screw 93, a first drive member 94, and a second drive member 95. The first lead screw 92 is rotatably connected to the frame 4 and threadedly connected to the sliding block 91. The first drive member 94 is used to drive the first lead screw 92 to rotate. The second lead screw 93 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 91 and threadedly connected to the machine base of the friction welding device 5. The second drive member 95 is used to drive the second lead screw 93 to rotate.

[0078] The frame 4 is equipped with a position detection system, which is used to detect the position of the conductor ring 2, so that the ultrasonic welding can press against the center of the conductor ring 2, reducing the possibility of gaps between the conductor ring 2 and the insertion hole 11 due to uneven force on the conductor ring 2, which affects the welding effect.

[0079] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 The position detection system includes an information acquisition module and a data processing module. The information acquisition module is used to acquire image information of the terminal body 1 and the conductor ring 2 after the terminal strip 3 stops moving. The data processing module is used to process the images and calculate the center position of the conductor ring 2. The information acquisition module is a vision camera, and the data processing module is an industrial control computer. The position detection system also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the industrial control computer and a display module (in this embodiment, a display screen) for displaying the detection structure. The display screen is connected to the industrial control computer to display the detection results. The vision camera is mounted on the frame 4 and located below the limiting plate 7. The limiting plate 7 has clearance holes, and the vision camera faces the limiting plate 7 to acquire image information of the terminal body 1, i.e., the conductor ring 2. The industrial control computer is used to analyze the position of the conductor ring 2 and control the operation of the first driving component 94 and the second driving component 95 to adjust the position of the friction welding device 5.

[0080] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , refer to Figure 2 The industrial control computer is used to process the image, determine the position of conductor ring 2, and control the operation of the first drive unit 94 and the second drive unit 95. The image processing method is as follows:

[0081] S1. Image preprocessing,

[0082] S10: Perform grayscale processing on the image, using methods such as component analysis or maximum value analysis. This reduces the amount of information in the image and decreases the complexity of image data processing.

[0083] S11: Image smoothing is performed by calculating pixel values in the neighborhood to obtain new pixel values and removing image noise. Specifically, the new pixel value and the pixel values within a certain area satisfy the following formula:

[0084] .

[0085] S12: Edge extraction is carried out using the Roberts operator to determine the edges of each area of the conductor ring 2 and obtain the inner wall contour of the small ring 22 of the conductor ring 2.

[0086] S2. Calculate the center of the circle

[0087] Referring to Figure 13 , the steps for calculating the center of the circle include:

[0088] S20: Obtain the measuring point coordinates. n measuring points are measured on the inner wall contour line of the small ring 22, and the coordinates of the measuring points are A(xi, yi), (i = 1, 2,..., n).

[0089] S21: Obtain the straight-line equation

[0090] The straight-line equation passing through any two points Ai and Aj (1 ≤ i < j ≤ n) is:

[0091] (y - yi) / (x - xi) = (yj - yi) / (xj - xi)

[0092] S22: Obtain the first set of perpendicular bisector equations

[0093] The perpendicular bisector equation of AiAj is:

[0094] y - (yj + yi) / 2 =

[0095] S23: Obtain the second set of perpendicular bisector equations of the measuring points

[0096] Repeat steps S21 and S22 to obtain the second perpendicular bisector equation.

[0097] S24: Solve for the center of the circle

[0098] Calculate the common solution of the two perpendicular bisector equations in step S22 and step S23 as the center coordinates O(X, Y).

[0099] S3: Optimization of the center coordinates: Repeat step S3 to obtain multiple center coordinates Oi(xi, yi) (i = 1, 2, 3,..., n). Calculate the new center coordinates O(x, y) using the following formula.

[0100] x = (x1 + x2 + x3 + x n ) / n

[0101] Y=(y1+y2+y3+y n ) / n.

[0102] In actual production, the feeding device 6 embeds the conductor ring 2 into the insertion hole 11. Then, the terminal strip 3 continues to move. Once the terminal aligns with the friction welding device 5, a vision camera located below the terminal strip 3 captures and photographs the terminal image. The industrial control computer then calculates the center of the conductor ring 2. Subsequently, the industrial control computer controls the operation of the first drive component 94 and the second drive component 95 to adjust the relative position between the welding head of the friction welding device and the conductor ring 2, thereby improving the welding effect.

[0103] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An aluminum friction welding terminal, comprising a terminal body (1), characterized in that: The terminal body (1) is provided with a plug hole (11), and a conductor ring (2) is embedded in the plug hole (11). The conductor ring (2) is a circular ring structure and is made of copper. The terminal body (1) is made of aluminum. The screw used to fix the terminal body (1) can be inserted into the conductor ring (2). The device includes a frame (4) and a friction welding device (5), characterized in that: it also includes a feeding device (6), and a limiting plate (7) is provided on the frame (4), and a limiting groove (71) is opened on the limiting plate (7), and the limiting groove (71) is arranged through in the horizontal direction; the terminal body (1) is cut by the cutting equipment to form a terminal strip (3) that is connected to each other and can slide in the limiting groove (71) along the through direction of the limiting groove (71), the feeding device (6) and the friction welding device (5) are arranged along the sliding direction of the terminal strip (3), the feeding device (6) is used to embed the conductor ring (2) into the plug hole (11), and the friction welding device (5) is used to weld the conductor ring (2); The feeding device (6) includes a vibrating plate (61) for arranging conductor rings (2) and a conveying track (62) for moving conductor rings (2). One end of the conveying track (62) is connected to the discharge port of the vibrating plate (61), and the other end extends to the top of the limiting plate (7). The conveying track (62) includes a mixing section (621) and a separating section (622). A sliding channel (623) is provided on the mixing section (621). The sliding channel (623) runs through the length of the mixing section (621). The sliding channel (623) includes a support groove (624) and a guide groove (625). There are two guide grooves (625). The support groove (624) is located between the two guide grooves (625) and communicates with the guide grooves (625). The width of the support groove (624) corresponds to the outer diameter of the large ring (21) of the conductor ring (2). The width of the guide groove (625) corresponds to the outer diameter of the small ring (22) of the conductor ring (2). The separating section (622) includes a conveying part (6221) and a flipping part (622). 222), the flipping part (6222) is provided with a sliding channel (623), the sliding channel (623) includes a support groove (624) and a guide groove (625) located on one side of the support groove (624). The conveying part (6221) is also provided with a sliding channel (623), the sliding channel (623) on the conveying part (6221) includes a support groove (624) and a guide groove (625) located on one side of the support groove (624). The guide groove (625) on the conveying part (6221) and the guide groove (625) on the flipping part (6222) are respectively connected to the two guide grooves (625) on the mixing section (621). The flipping part (6222) is rotated 180° around its own length direction.

2. The aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the conductor ring (2) extend to the outside of the insertion hole (11).

3. An aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor ring (2) includes a large ring (21) and a small ring (22), which are coaxially arranged and connected to each other on their close sides.

4. An aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying track (62) also includes a gathering part (626), which has a "human" shaped structure. One end of the gathering part (626) extends to the top of the limiting plate (7), and the other two ends are connected to the separation section (622) and the conveying part (6221) respectively. The gathering part (626) is provided with a sliding channel (623) that communicates with the sliding channel (623) on the separation section (622) and the conveying part (6221). A discharge hole (629) is provided on the side of the gathering part (626) near the ground, away from the separation section (622), and the conductor ring (2) can be moved out from the discharge hole (629).

5. An aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame (4) is also provided with a material picking component (8). The material picking component (8) is located below the limiting plate (7) and corresponds to the position of the discharge hole (629). The material picking component (8) includes a drive block (85) and a moving rod (81). The drive block (85) is slidably connected to the frame (4) in the vertical direction. The moving rod (81) is installed on the drive block (85). The diameter of the moving rod (81) is equal to the inner diameter of the small ring (22). The diameter of the discharge hole (629) is larger than the outer diameter of the conductor ring (2). A flexible support member (83) is provided on the side wall of the discharge hole (629). The support member (83) is used to block the conductor ring (2) from moving downward. A centering surface (84) is provided on the side of the moving rod (81) away from the ground to guide the moving rod (81) to be inserted into the conductor ring (2). An annular mounting groove is opened on the side wall of the moving rod (81). An annular rubber airbag is provided in the mounting groove.

6. An aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting member (87) is provided between the moving rod (81) and the driving block (85). The adjusting member (87) is a vertically arranged cylindrical rod with the same diameter as the outer diameter of the small ring (22). One end of the adjusting member (87) is connected to the driving block (85) and can move arbitrarily in the horizontal plane. An adjusting slope (88) is provided on the side of the adjusting member (87) away from the ground. The adjusting slope (88) is used to guide the adjusting member (87) to be inserted into the insertion hole (11). The moving rod (81) is coaxially fixedly connected to the adjusting member (87).

7. An aluminum friction welding terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a position detection system, which includes an information acquisition module and a data processing module. The information acquisition module is used to acquire image information of the terminal body (1) and the conductor ring (2) after the terminal strip (3) stops moving. The data processing module is used to process the image to obtain the center position of the conductor ring (2). The friction welding device (5) can move in two mutually perpendicular directions in the horizontal plane. The image processing steps of the data processing module include: Extract the inner wall contour of the conductor ring (2); Calculate the center of the circle: Take two sets of measuring points on the contour line, each set including two measuring points. Use the coordinates of the measuring points to derive the equation of the straight line formed by connecting the two measuring points in the same set. The equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment formed by connecting the two points is obtained by using the equation of the line at the measuring point. The intersection of the two perpendicular bisectors is determined by the directions of the two sets of measuring points, thus revealing the center of the circle.

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