A low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time networking positioning method and system; the present invention aims to solve the problems of high power consumption and limited positioning accuracy of existing positioning technologies. The method includes: pairing devices through Bluetooth and generating asymmetric keys to ensure secure communication; peripherals use BLE technology for low-power broadcasting, and surrounding Apple devices passively monitor and calculate location information, which is uploaded to the Apple server after encryption; the server decrypts the data and forwards it to the device owner; users query and update the location through the Find My APP, and the system supports dynamic updates and privacy protection. The system consists of modules such as pairing and secure communication, real-time positioning and data transmission, data processing and privacy protection, user interaction and notification, which optimizes power consumption and positioning accuracy while ensuring user privacy and security. By constructing an energy consumption and positioning accuracy model, intelligent power consumption control and high-precision positioning are achieved, which is suitable for a variety of positioning application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of positioning technology, and in particular to a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time networking positioning method and system. Background Art

[0002] High power consumption has been a key issue hindering the widespread adoption of existing real-time positioning technologies. Traditional positioning systems, especially those that rely on continuous wireless signal transmission, often consume large amounts of power due to frequent data exchange and high-power signal transmission. This not only limits the battery life of devices but also hinders the development of miniaturized and portable devices. Furthermore, these systems have limited ability to handle signal reflections and interference in complex environments, resulting in reduced positioning accuracy, and lack intelligent mechanisms to dynamically adjust power consumption based on device status. Coupled with insufficient privacy protection measures, user data security becomes a major concern. Therefore, developing a low-power, high-precision, and secure real-time positioning method is crucial for promoting the application of positioning technology in more fields. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0004] S1: Pairing and key generation: The device owner and the peripheral perform initial pairing via Bluetooth. During the pairing process, both parties negotiate a pair of asymmetric keys: a private key and a public key, to ensure communication security. The device owner retains the private key, and the peripheral stores the public key for subsequent encrypted communications.

[0005] S2: Peripheral positioning data collection: The peripheral device activates Bluetooth Low Energy broadcasting and uses the 2.4GHz frequency band to send a beacon signal containing its own identification. Nearby Apple devices, as part of the Find My network, passively listen for these beacon signals. When receiving the signal, the surrounding devices calculate the distance or location information between them and the peripheral device and encrypt the location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted positioning data is uploaded to Apple servers via the Internet.

[0006] S3: Positioning data processing and transmission. After receiving the encrypted location information, the Apple server uses the private key associated with the device owner to decrypt the data and obtain the precise location of the peripheral device. The decrypted data is stored on the server and the location information is forwarded to the device owner via a secure connection.

[0007] S4: User-side query and update: The device owner queries the location of the peripheral device through the Find My app. The app securely communicates with Apple servers to request the latest positioning data. After the Apple server verifies the request, it returns the encrypted location information to the device owner's device. The device owner's device decrypts the information using the private key and displays the current location of the peripheral device in the Find My app.

[0008] S5: Dynamic Updates and Privacy Protection: Peripherals continuously broadcast beacon signals, and devices in the Find My network continuously update their location information and upload it to the server. Device owners can view the latest location at any time through the Find My app or set up notifications to receive alerts when a device moves outside a preset range. Throughout the entire process, all communications are encrypted, and location data is visible only to the device owner, ensuring user privacy.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of the peripheral device performing low-power Bluetooth broadcasting in step S2 are as follows:

[0010] S21: The peripheral uses BLE technology to pair with the device owner's Apple device. The pairing process uses asymmetric keys and key generation and management in low-power mode.

[0011] S22: After the user turns on the peripheral positioning function in the APP, when the peripheral is stationary, the peripheral broadcasts at a longer time interval; when the peripheral is moving, the peripheral broadcasts at a shorter time interval; the longer time interval is 4 seconds, and the shorter time interval is 2 seconds;

[0012] S23: Low-power data transmission. When devices in the Find My network listen for beacon signals, they use energy-saving mode and only activate the receiver when a signal is detected. The location data uploaded to Apple servers is compressed to reduce transmission time and energy consumption.

[0013] S24: When the user queries the location through the Find My app, the peripheral device requests a location update, reducing data transmission and server load; when the peripheral device's location changes, the system triggers a notification operation, reducing the frequency of background data refresh.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a model is constructed to predict the performance of energy consumption E and positioning accuracy A in real-time positioning in a low-power 2.4GHz network;

[0015] Energy consumption model: Energy consumption E is directly affected by broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed model can be expressed as: , where α and β are energy consumption coefficients related to power and frequency, respectively, and γ is the fixed overhead;

[0016] Positioning accuracy model: Positioning accuracy A is affected by the number of receiving devices D, as well as the broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed positioning accuracy model is as follows:

[0017] , where δ, ϵ, ζ, and η are coefficients of precision related to the number of receiving devices, environmental factors, power, and frequency, Environmental factors;

[0018] Step 1: Design an experiment to collect E and A data for different P, F, and D. Control the experimental environment and record the environmental factors En, including temperature, humidity, and obstacle distribution. Record E and A under each setting.

[0019] Step 2: Use the least squares method to fit the data and solve α 、 β 、 γ ,δ, ϵ 、 ζ and η , use cross-validation to test the generalization ability of the model;

[0020] Step 3: Given P, F, D, and En, use historical data to train a machine learning model to predict E and A. Use the verbal algorithm to find the optimal combination of P and F, maximizing A while minimizing E given D and En.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of the positioning method in step S4 are as follows:

[0022] S41: After the peripheral device and the user's Apple device are paired, the user enables the Find My function in the peripheral device's settings, allowing the device to participate in the Find My network and setting the power and frequency of low-energy BLE broadcasts based on the device's battery life and positioning accuracy requirements;

[0023] S42: The peripheral device periodically transmits a BLE beacon signal containing its unique ID, with a signal strength strong enough for nearby Apple devices to receive it.

[0024] S43: The Bluetooth receivers of the surrounding Apple devices passively listen for BLE beacon signals from the peripheral device. When the signal is received, the Apple device uses its built-in GPS or Wi-Fi positioning function to calculate its approximate location relative to the peripheral device.

[0025] S44: The Apple device encrypts the calculated location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted location data is uploaded to the Apple server via a secure connection and stored in the Find My network database. The Apple server decrypts the location information using the device owner's private key and stores the decrypted data. The device owner can query the peripheral device's location through the Find My app, which obtains the latest location data from the Apple server.

[0026] S45: The peripheral device continues to broadcast beacon signals, and surrounding Apple devices continue to listen and upload new positioning information to ensure the real-time location data. When the location of the peripheral device changes significantly, the Find My app can send a notification to the user.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, a low-power 2.4 GHz network real-time positioning system is provided, which includes the following modules:

[0028] Pairing and secure communication module: responsible for the initial Bluetooth pairing between devices, generating asymmetric key pairs, ensuring secure encryption of all communication processes, and protecting user privacy;

[0029] Real-time positioning and data transmission module: This module enables low-power Bluetooth broadcasting of peripherals. Devices in the Find My network monitor and calculate location information, encrypt it, and upload it to Apple servers, optimizing power consumption and positioning accuracy.

[0030] Data processing and privacy protection module: Apple servers receive, decrypt, and process location data, store and securely forward it to the device owner, and provide dynamic updates and privacy protection mechanisms to ensure the real-time and security of location data;

[0031] User Interaction and Notification Module: Allows device owners to query the location of peripherals through the Find My APP, receive location update notifications, set alarms, provide an interactive interface, and obtain real-time peripheral location information.

[0032] Beneficial Effects: This positioning method combines energy-saving technologies with precise positioning. By intelligently controlling broadcast intervals and power consumption, it significantly reduces device energy consumption and significantly extends battery life. Furthermore, by modeling energy consumption and positioning accuracy, the system maintains highly accurate real-time location updates even in complex environments, ensuring that users receive accurate and timely information. The use of asymmetric key encryption technology provides a robust security barrier for data transmission, protecting user privacy and minimizing the risk of leaking sensitive information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a module diagram of a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning system according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the Find My network for peripherals;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral working status. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments;

[0038] See also Figure 1 As shown, a technical solution adopted by a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning method includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Pairing and key generation: The device owner and the peripheral perform initial pairing via Bluetooth. During the pairing process, both parties negotiate a pair of asymmetric keys: a private key and a public key, to ensure communication security. The device owner retains the private key, and the peripheral stores the public key for subsequent encrypted communications.

[0040] S2: Peripheral positioning data collection: The peripheral device activates Bluetooth Low Energy broadcasting and uses the 2.4GHz frequency band to send a beacon signal containing its own identification. Nearby Apple devices, as part of the Find My network, passively listen for these beacon signals. When receiving the signal, the surrounding devices calculate the distance or location information between them and the peripheral device and encrypt the location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted positioning data is uploaded to Apple servers via the Internet.

[0041] S3: Positioning data processing and transmission. After receiving the encrypted location information, the Apple server uses the private key associated with the device owner to decrypt the data and obtain the precise location of the peripheral device. The decrypted data is stored on the server and the location information is forwarded to the device owner via a secure connection.

[0042] S4: User-side query and update: The device owner queries the location of the peripheral device through the Find My app. The app securely communicates with Apple servers to request the latest positioning data. After the Apple server verifies the request, it returns the encrypted location information to the device owner's device. The device owner's device decrypts the information using the private key and displays the current location of the peripheral device in the Find My app.

[0043] S5: Dynamic Updates and Privacy Protection: Peripherals continuously broadcast beacon signals, and devices in the Find My network continuously update their location information and upload it to the server. Device owners can view the latest location at any time through the Find My app or set up notifications to receive alerts when a device moves outside a preset range. Throughout the entire process, all communications are encrypted, and location data is visible only to the device owner, ensuring user privacy.

[0044] For further information, see Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the working principle diagram of the Find My network is as follows. The specific steps for the peripheral device to perform low-power Bluetooth broadcast in step S2 are as follows:

[0045] S21: The peripheral uses BLE technology to pair with the device owner's Apple device. The pairing process uses asymmetric keys and key generation and management in low-power mode.

[0046] S22: After the user turns on the peripheral positioning function in the APP, when the peripheral is stationary, the peripheral broadcasts at a longer time interval; when the peripheral is moving, the peripheral broadcasts at a shorter time interval; the longer time interval is 4 seconds, and the shorter time interval is 2 seconds;

[0047] S23: Low-power data transmission. When devices in the Find My network listen for beacon signals, they use energy-saving mode and only activate the receiver when a signal is detected. The location data uploaded to Apple servers is compressed to reduce transmission time and energy consumption.

[0048] S24: When the user queries the location through the Find My app, the peripheral device requests a location update, reducing data transmission and server load; when the peripheral device's location changes, the system triggers a notification operation, reducing the frequency of background data refresh.

[0049] Furthermore, a model is constructed to predict the performance of energy consumption E and positioning accuracy A in real-time positioning in a low-power 2.4GHz network;

[0050] Energy consumption model: Energy consumption E is directly affected by broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed model can be expressed as: , where α and β are energy consumption coefficients related to power and frequency, respectively, and γ is the fixed overhead;

[0051] Positioning accuracy model: Positioning accuracy A is affected by the number of receiving devices D, as well as the broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed positioning accuracy model is as follows:

[0052] , where δ, ϵ, ζ, and η are coefficients of precision related to the number of receiving devices, environmental factors, power, and frequency, Environmental factors;

[0053] Step 1: Design an experiment to collect E and A data for different P, F, and D. Control the experimental environment and record the environmental factors En, including temperature, humidity, and obstacle distribution. Record E and A under each setting.

[0054] Step 2: Use the least squares method to fit the data and solve α 、 β 、 γ ,δ, ϵ 、 ζ and η , use cross-validation to test the generalization ability of the model;

[0055] Step 3: Given P, F, D, and En, use historical data to train a machine learning model to predict E and A. Use the verbal algorithm to find the optimal combination of P and F, maximizing A while minimizing E given D and En.

[0056] For further information, see Figure 4 As shown, the peripheral workflow has four states: unpaired, connected, nearby, and separated. The specific steps of the positioning method in step S4 are as follows:

[0057] S41: After the peripheral device and the user's Apple device are paired, the user enables the Find My function in the peripheral device's settings, allowing the device to participate in the Find My network and setting the power and frequency of low-energy BLE broadcasts based on the device's battery life and positioning accuracy requirements;

[0058] S42: The peripheral device periodically transmits a BLE beacon signal containing its unique ID, with a signal strength strong enough for nearby Apple devices to receive it.

[0059] S43: The Bluetooth receivers of the surrounding Apple devices passively listen for BLE beacon signals from the peripheral device. When the signal is received, the Apple device uses its built-in GPS or Wi-Fi positioning function to calculate its approximate location relative to the peripheral device.

[0060] S44: The Apple device encrypts the calculated location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted location data is uploaded to the Apple server via a secure connection and stored in the Find My network database. The Apple server decrypts the location information using the device owner's private key and stores the decrypted data. The device owner can query the peripheral device's location through the Find My app, which obtains the latest location data from the Apple server.

[0061] S45: The peripheral device continues to broadcast beacon signals, and surrounding Apple devices continue to listen and upload new positioning information to ensure the real-time location data. When the location of the peripheral device changes significantly, the Find My app can send a notification to the user.

[0062] For further information, see Figure 2 As shown, a low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning system includes the following modules:

[0063] Pairing and secure communication module: responsible for the initial Bluetooth pairing between devices, generating asymmetric key pairs, ensuring secure encryption of all communication processes, and protecting user privacy;

[0064] Real-time positioning and data transmission module: This module enables low-power Bluetooth broadcasting of peripherals. Devices in the Find My network monitor and calculate location information, encrypt it, and upload it to Apple servers, optimizing power consumption and positioning accuracy.

[0065] Data processing and privacy protection module: Apple servers receive, decrypt, and process location data, store and securely forward it to the device owner, and provide dynamic updates and privacy protection mechanisms to ensure the real-time and security of location data;

[0066] User Interaction and Notification Module: Allows device owners to query the location of peripherals through the Find My APP, receive location update notifications, set alarms, provide an interactive interface, and obtain real-time peripheral location information.

Claims

1. A low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Pairing and key generation: the device owner and the peripheral perform initial pairing via Bluetooth; During the pairing process, both parties negotiate through a security protocol to generate a pair of asymmetric keys: a private key and a public key to ensure the security of communication. The device owner retains the private key, and the peripheral stores the public key for subsequent encrypted communication. S2: Peripheral positioning data collection: The peripheral device activates Bluetooth Low Energy broadcasting and uses the 2.4GHz frequency band to send a beacon signal containing its own identification. Nearby Apple devices, as part of the Find My network, passively listen for these beacon signals. When receiving the signal, the surrounding devices calculate the distance or location information between them and the peripheral device and encrypt the location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted positioning data is uploaded to Apple servers via the Internet. S3: Positioning data processing and transmission. After receiving the encrypted location information, the Apple server uses the private key associated with the device owner to decrypt the data and obtain the precise location of the peripheral device. The decrypted data is stored on the server and the location information is forwarded to the device owner via a secure connection. S4: User-side query and update: The device owner queries the location of the peripheral device through the Find My app. The app securely communicates with Apple servers to request the latest positioning data. After the Apple server verifies the request, it returns the encrypted location information to the device owner's device. The device owner's device decrypts the information using the private key and displays the current location of the peripheral device in the Find My app. The specific steps of the above positioning method are as follows: S41: After the peripheral device and the user's Apple device are paired, the user enables the Find My function in the peripheral device's settings, allowing the device to participate in the Find My network and setting the power and frequency of low-energy BLE broadcasts based on the device's battery life and positioning accuracy requirements; S42: The peripheral device periodically transmits a BLE beacon signal containing its unique ID, with a signal strength strong enough for nearby Apple devices to receive it. S43: The Bluetooth receivers of the surrounding Apple devices passively listen for BLE beacon signals from the peripheral device. When the signal is received, the Apple device uses its built-in GPS or Wi-Fi positioning function to calculate its approximate location relative to the peripheral device. S44: The Apple device encrypts the calculated location information using the peripheral device's public key. The encrypted location data is uploaded to the Apple server via a secure connection and stored in the Find My network database. The Apple server decrypts the location information using the device owner's private key and stores the decrypted data. The device owner can query the peripheral device's location through the Find My app, which obtains the latest location data from the Apple server. S45: The peripheral device continues to broadcast beacon signals, and surrounding Apple devices continue to listen and upload new positioning information to ensure the real-time location data. When the location of the peripheral device changes significantly, the Find My app can send a notification to the user; S5: Dynamic update and privacy protection. The peripheral device continuously broadcasts beacon signals, and the devices in the Find My network continuously update their location information and upload it to the server. The device owner can check the latest location at any time through the Find My app, or set notifications to receive alerts when the peripheral device moves beyond the preset range.

2. A low-power 2.4GHz network real-time networking positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for the peripheral device to perform low-power Bluetooth broadcasting in step S2 are as follows: S21: The peripheral uses BLE technology to pair with the device owner's Apple device. The pairing process uses asymmetric keys and key generation and management in low-power mode. S22: After the user turns on the peripheral positioning function in the APP, when the peripheral is stationary, the peripheral broadcasts at a longer time interval; when the peripheral is moving, the peripheral broadcasts at a shorter time interval; the longer time interval is 4 seconds, and the shorter time interval is 2 seconds; S23: Low-power data transmission. When devices in the Find My network listen for beacon signals, they use energy-saving mode and only activate the receiver when a signal is detected. The location data uploaded to Apple servers is compressed to reduce transmission time and energy consumption. S24: When the user queries the location through the Find My app, the peripheral device requests a location update, reducing data transmission and server load; when the peripheral device's location changes, the system triggers a notification operation, reducing the frequency of background data refresh.

3. A low-power 2.4GHz network real-time networking positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Build a model to predict the performance of energy consumption E and positioning accuracy A in real-time positioning in a low-power 2.4GHz network; Energy consumption model: Energy consumption E is directly affected by broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed model can be expressed as: , where α and β are energy consumption coefficients related to power and frequency, respectively, and γ is the fixed overhead; Positioning accuracy model: Positioning accuracy A is affected by the number of receiving devices D, as well as the broadcast frequency P and frequency F. The constructed positioning accuracy model is as follows: , where δ, ϵ, ζ, and η are coefficients of precision related to the number of receiving devices, environmental factors, power, and frequency, Environmental factors; Step 1: Design an experiment to collect E and A data for different P, F, and D. Control the experimental environment and record the environmental factors En, including temperature, humidity, and obstacle distribution. Record E and A under each setting. Step 2: Use the least squares method to fit the data and solve α 、 β 、 γ ,δ, ϵ 、 ζ and η , use cross-validation to test the generalization ability of the model; Step 3: Given P, F, D, and En, use historical data to train a machine learning model to predict E and A. Use the verbal algorithm to find the optimal combination of P and F, maximizing A while minimizing E given D and En.

4. A low-power 2.4GHz network real-time positioning system, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the low-power 2.4 GHz network real-time positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the system includes the following modules: Pairing and secure communication module: responsible for the initial Bluetooth pairing between devices, generating asymmetric key pairs, ensuring secure encryption of all communication processes, and protecting user privacy; Real-time positioning and data transmission module: This module enables low-power Bluetooth broadcasting of peripherals. Devices in the Find My network monitor and calculate location information, encrypt it, and upload it to Apple servers, optimizing power consumption and positioning accuracy. Data processing and privacy protection module: Apple servers receive, decrypt, and process location data, store and securely forward it to the device owner, and provide dynamic updates and privacy protection mechanisms to ensure the real-time and security of location data; User Interaction and Notification Module: Allows device owners to query the location of peripherals through the Find My APP, receive location update notifications, set alarms, provide an interactive interface, and obtain real-time peripheral location information.

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