A method for killing larvae of oestrus ovis parasitizing in the nasal cavity of bactrian camel

Abstract

The application discloses a medicine injection method for killing camel head fly larvae parasitizing in the nasal cavity of a bactrian camel. A pair of non-bony structures similar to a triangle and the size of a thumb are arranged at the joint of nasal bone, maxillary bone and frontal bone. The pair of non-bony structures are at the same horizontal level with the eye socket of the bactrian camel, are located at the intersection of the inner corner of the eye and the upper edge of the eye socket, and are away from the eye socket by 4-5 cm. After a syringe is vertically inserted into 2-3 cm at the site, the needle of the syringe can reach the medial part of the concha nasalis. After the site is inserted into 2.5-3 cm in the clockwise direction and is inclined by 45 degrees, the needle can reach the lateral part of the concha nasalis. The medicine injection method can directly inject the insect killing medicine to the parasitizing position of the first instar larvae, and the purpose of killing the first instar larvae is achieved. The medicine injection method provides a new method for killing the first instar larvae in the overwintering period, and can reduce the economic loss of the camel raising industry caused by the nasal fly maggot disease.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of biological control, and particularly relates to a method for administering medicine to kill larvae of Cephalopina titillator parasitizing in the nasal cavity of a Bactrian camel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Camel nasal myiasis is a parasitic disease widely prevalent in camel breeding areas. The disease is caused by the larvae of Cephalopina titillator parasitizing in the nasal cavity, nasal sinuses and throat of a Bactrian camel, and is a specific parasite only infecting animals of the Camelidae family, with an infection rate of more than 95%. Cephalopina titillator belongs to the order Diptera, the family Oestridae and the genus Drosophila. Female Cephalopina titillator lays larvae (first instar larvae) around the nasal cavity of a Bactrian camel in summer and autumn every year, and the first instar larvae crawl into the nasal cavity, throat and gradually develop into third instar larvae. The mature third instar larvae are sprayed outside through the nasal passage and then burrow into the soil to become pupae, and the pupae are metamorphosed into adult flies through eclosion. The development of the larvae of Cephalopina titillator needs the nasal cavity, nasal sinuses and throat of a Bactrian camel (intermediate host) to complete the larval development stage, thereby causing nasal myiasis of a Bactrian camel. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the technical problem of difficulty in administering medicine to kill first instar larvae of Cephalopina titillator parasitizing in the nasal concha of a Bactrian camel during the overwintering period. Due to the particularity of the structure of the nasal cavity of a camel, the gas entering and exiting (breathing) the nasal passage is not directly connected with the nasal concha, and therefore the traditional nasal administration of medicine cannot kill the first instar larvae (parasitizing in the nasal concha) during the overwintering period. Through the administration route of the present application, the insecticidal medicine can be directly administered into the nasal concha where the first instar larvae parasitize through the skin of the head of a camel, thereby achieving the ideal insecticidal effect.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0005] A method for administering medicine to kill larvae of Cephalopina titillator parasitizing in the nasal cavity of a Bactrian camel, which is performed according to the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: find a non-bony soft tissue junction structure similar to a triangle and the size of a thumb at the junction of the nasal bone, maxilla and frontal bone of a Bactrian camel; the site is at the same horizontal height as the upper edge of the eye socket of a Bactrian camel, is located at an intersection of the inner corner of the eye and the upper edge of the eye socket at an angle of 30°, and is 4-5 cm away from the straight line of the eye socket;

[0007] Step 2: after vertically inserting a disposable syringe into the site on one side by 2-3 cm, the needle of the syringe reaches the medial part of the nasal concha;

[0008] Step 3: From this site, tilt 45° inward along the clockwise direction by 2.5-3 cm to reach the lateral part of the internal concha, and directly put the insecticide into the internal concha of the Bactrian camel through the above operation.

[0009] Another object of the present application is to provide an application of the drug delivery method for killing the Oestrus ovis larvae parasitizing in the Bactrian camel in killing the first instar larvae of the Oestrus ovis in the overwintering period.

[0010] Another object of the present application is to provide an application of the drug delivery method for killing the Oestrus ovis larvae parasitizing in the nasal cavity of the Bactrian camel in preparing the Oestrus ovis larvae insecticide or device.

[0011] Beneficial effects

[0012] The present application discloses a drug delivery method for killing the Oestrus ovis larvae parasitizing in the nasal cavity of the Bactrian camel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 For the first instar larvae of the Oestrus ovis parasitizing in the internal concha of the Bactrian camel.

[0014] Figure 2 For the second and third instar larvae of the Oestrus ovis parasitizing in the throat of the Bactrian camel.

[0015] Figure 3 For the comparison of the sizes of the first and third instar larvae of the Oestrus ovis.

[0016] Figure 4 For the determination of the non-bony soft tissue joint site and the drug delivery method.

[0017] Figure 5 For the intersection of the nasal bone, the maxillary bone and the frontal bone of the skull.

[0018] Figure 6 For the intersection of the nasal bone, the maxillary bone and the frontal bone of the fresh skull with the skin peeled off.

[0019] Figure 7 For the intersection of the nasal bone, the maxillary bone and the frontal bone of the skull.

[0020] Figure 8 For the anatomical structure of the nasal cavity of the Bactrian camel.

[0021] Figure 9 For the schematic diagram of the nasal cavity structure of the Bactrian camel.

[0022] Among them, 1 is stage I larva, 2 is stage III larva, 3 is frontal bone, 4 is maxilla, 5 is nasal bone, 6 is non-bone junction, 7 is nasal septum, 8 is superior turbinate bone, 9 is inferior turbinate bone, 10 is medial part of internal turbinate, and 11 is lateral part of internal turbinate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] In late autumn and early winter, as the outside temperature drops, the first-stage larvae overwinter inside the internal nasal turbinate of the Bactrian camel's nasal cavity. In March and April of the following year, as the outside temperature gradually rises, the first-stage larvae migrate to the pharynx and develop into third-stage larvae. In early May, the mature third-stage larvae are expelled from the nasal cavity (e.g., ...). Figures 1-3 As shown, 1 represents stage I larvae and 2 represents stage III larvae. The overwintering larvae pose the greatest threat to the host. As the larvae grow and develop, they cause inflammatory reactions such as congestion, bleeding, suppuration, and edema in the parasitic mucosa. In severe cases, they can block the nasal cavity and throat, causing sick camels to sneeze, shake their heads, breathe rapidly, have difficulty breathing, and even suffocate to death, with a mortality rate of 3% to 5%. From the time the larvae overwinter until late spring or early summer of the following year, when the mature stage III larvae are expelled from the body, a period of up to seven months (October to April of the following year), the larvae parasitizing the camel's nasal cavity inhibit the host's physiological and immune functions, damage the tissues at the parasitic site, reduce milk and meat production performance, and severely affect the reproductive capacity of Bactrian camels, causing serious economic losses to the camel industry.

[0026] The first-stage larvae parasitizing the internal nasal turbinate of Bactrian camels have a body weight, length, and width of approximately 0.0037g, 2-3mm, and 1-1.5mm, respectively, exhibiting small size and weak tolerance. In contrast, the mature third-stage larvae have a body weight, length, and width of approximately 1.0631g, 25-32mm, and 9-12mm, respectively, representing a difference of 287 times, 8-16 times, and 6-12 times (see table below). Therefore, effective control of the first-stage larvae during the early overwintering period of the camel-headed fly is an ideal method to reduce economic losses from this disease.

[0027] Table: Comparison of body weight and body size between Stage I and Stage III larvae

[0028] Body weight Body length Body width Stage I larva 0.0037 g 2-3 mm 1-1.5 mm Stage III larva 1.0631 g 25-32 mm 9-12m Phase contrast 287 8-16 6-12

[0029] Example 2

[0030] like Figures 4-7 As shown in the figure, the non-osseous soft tissue junction and drug administration method are illustrated at the junction of the nasal bone, maxilla, and frontal bone in a Bactrian camel; where 3 represents the frontal bone, 4 the maxilla, 5 the nasal bone, and 6 the non-osseous junction.Figures 8-9 As shown in the figure, the inherent nasal cavity structure of Bactrian camel is shown, wherein 7 is nasal septum, 8 is superior turbinate bone, 9 is inferior turbinate bone, 10 is medial turbinate, and 11 is lateral turbinate. At the junction of nasal bone, maxillary bone and frontal bone of Bactrian camel, there is a pair of non-bony soft tissue junction structure similar to a triangle and the size of a thumb. This site is at the same level as the upper edge of the orbit of the Bactrian camel, and is located at the intersection of the inner corner of the eye and the upper edge of the orbit at an angle of 30°. The distance from the straight line of the orbit is 4-5 cm. Using a disposable syringe, the needle of the syringe can reach the medial turbinate by vertically downwardly penetrating 2-3 cm at the site; the needle can reach the lateral turbinate by obliquely penetrating 2.5-3 cm in the clockwise direction at an angle of 45°. Through the above operation, the insecticidal drug can be directly put into the nasal cavity of the Bactrian camel, so as to kill the first instar larvae.

[0031] In summary, according to the parasitic site of the first instar larvae of Oestrus ovis and the characteristics of the Bactrian camel's turbinate bone, a non-bony soft tissue junction site is found at the junction of the nasal bone, maxillary bone and frontal bone of the Bactrian camel. The needle of the syringe can directly put the insecticidal drug into the turbinate bone through the skin of the head at this site, so as to kill the first instar larvae of Oestrus ovis in the overwintering period. The invention of the drug delivery route provides a new drug delivery route for killing the first instar larvae of Oestrus ovis in the overwintering period.

[0032] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The use of a method for killing Gasterophilus spp. larvae parasitizing the nasal cavity of a Bactrian camel in the preparation of a Gasterophilus spp. larvae killing agent, characterized in that, The method is as follows: Step 1: find the junction of the nasal bone, maxilla and frontal bone of the Bactrian camel, a pair of non-bony soft tissue junction structures similar to a triangle, the size of a thumb; the site is at the same horizontal height as the upper edge of the Bactrian camel's eye socket, located at the intersection of the 30° angle of the inner corner of the eye and the upper edge of the eye socket, and is 4-5 cm away from the eye socket in a straight line; Step 2: after vertically downwardly inserting a disposable syringe into the site in step 1 by 2-3 cm, the syringe needle reaches the medial part of the concha; Step 3: tilt 45° in the clockwise direction and insert 2.5-3 cm inwardly to reach the lateral part of the concha, and through the above operation, the insecticide is directly put into the Bactrian camel's concha bone in the nose.

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