A shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven soft and hard strata

Abstract

The present application relates to a shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, comprising: a cutterhead body; a cutterhead beam extending from the center of the cutterhead body to the edge; the cutterhead beam is divided into a first cutterhead beam and a second cutterhead beam; a fixed cutter assembly, comprising a first fixed cutter and a second fixed cutter connected to the first cutterhead beam respectively; a movable cutter assembly, comprising a first movable cutter, a second movable cutter and a movable adjustment assembly; the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter are respectively movably connected to the second cutterhead beam and arranged along the radial direction of the cutterhead body; the movable adjustment assembly is respectively connected to the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter, and is used to adjust the radial position of the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter. The present invention can take into account both ensuring the rock breaking efficiency in uniform geology and reducing the abnormal wear of the cutter in soft and hard uneven strata, improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machine equipment, and in particular to a shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as the country's investment in transportation infrastructure construction has increased year by year, shield construction has been used more and more widely in underground tunnel construction, and its use environment has become more and more complex. The shield method is generally suitable for strata with relatively uniform geology. However, in actual construction, the geological environment is complex and changeable. There are often unavoidable soft and hard composite geological layers in the construction route. This soft and hard composite geological layer is usually a composite stratum with soft upper and hard lower layers.

[0003] The tunneling process of the shield method is simply to rotate the cutterhead so that the rollers on the cutterhead rotate with the cutterhead, and the rollers rotate under the reaction force of the stratum, thereby cutting multiple concentric knife gaps in the stratum, and breaking the rocks or soil between the knife gaps through vibration and extrusion. However, in the process of tunneling soft and hard composite geological layers, when the roller cuts from the soft soil section to the hard soil section, the roller will be subjected to a large impact, which will cause problems such as abnormal wear of the roller, and frequent cutter changes are required, which will affect the overall construction efficiency and reduce construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a shield machine cutter head system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, and its specific technical solution is as follows.

[0005] A shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, comprising:

[0006] Cutterhead body;

[0007] The cutter disc cross beam extends from the center of the cutter disc body to the edge; the cutter disc cross beam is divided into a first cutter disc cross beam and a second cutter disc cross beam, and the first cutter disc cross beam is arranged adjacent to the second cutter disc cross beam;

[0008] A fixed roller cutter assembly comprises a first fixed roller cutter and a second fixed roller cutter respectively connected to a first cutter disc cross beam, wherein the first fixed roller cutter and the second fixed roller cutter are arranged along a radial direction of a cutter disc body;

[0009] A movable cutter assembly comprises a first movable cutter, a second movable cutter and a movable adjustment assembly; the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter are respectively movably connected to the second cutter disc cross beam and are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc body; the movable adjustment assembly is respectively connected to the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter, and is used to adjust the radial position of the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter, so that the first movable cutter is aligned or staggered with the first fixed cutter in the radial direction, and the second movable cutter is aligned or staggered with the second fixed cutter in the radial direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the activity adjustment component includes:

[0011] A bidirectional oil cylinder is connected between the first movable hob and the second movable hob, and is used to drive the first movable hob and the second movable hob to move relative to each other;

[0012] The guide rail assembly comprises two movable guide rails parallel to each other, the first movable hob and the second movable hob are respectively connected to the movable guide rails so as to be movable along the radial direction of the cutter disc body; the movable guide rails are mounted on the cutter disc cross beam so as to be movable along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cutter disc body;

[0013] The driving member is installed between the two movable guide rails, and is used to drive the two movable guide rails to move away from each other until the first movable hob and the second movable hob are clamped.

[0014] Furthermore, the first movable hob includes a first tool holder and a first tool installed in the first tool holder; a first sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the first tool holder, and a first locking groove is provided on a wall surface of the first sliding groove;

[0015] The second movable hob includes a second cutter seat and a second cutter installed in the second cutter seat; a second sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the second cutter seat, and a second locking groove is provided on a wall surface of the second sliding groove;

[0016] The movable guide rail passes through the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove in sequence, and two groups of limit members are provided on the movable guide rail, and the limit members include a first limit protrusion for engaging with the first locking groove and a second limit protrusion for engaging with the second locking groove, and the two groups of limit members are staggered along the length direction of the movable guide rail; when the first locking groove and the second locking groove cooperate with one group of limit members, the first movable hob is aligned with the first fixed hob, and the second movable hob is aligned with the second fixed hob; when the first locking groove and the second locking groove cooperate with another group of limit members, the first movable hob is staggered with the first fixed hob, and the second movable hob is staggered with the second fixed hob.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving member includes a telescopic electric cylinder and a limit plate, the limit plate is placed between the two movable guide rails and extends along the length direction of the movable guide rails; the side surface of the limit plate is provided with a plurality of first positioning bosses arranged along the length direction thereof, and first positioning grooves are formed between adjacent first positioning bosses;

[0018] A plurality of second positioning bosses are arranged along the length direction of the movable guide rail on one side close to the limiting plate, and second positioning grooves are formed between adjacent second positioning bosses;

[0019] The telescopic electric cylinder is connected to the limit plate, driving the limit plate to move along its length direction. When the first positioning boss is aligned with the second positioning boss, the limit piece cooperates with the first locking groove and the second locking groove respectively; when the first positioning boss is staggered with the second positioning boss, the limit piece is separated from the first locking groove and the second locking groove respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, the first positioning boss includes a first guiding bevel and a first positioning plane, and the second positioning boss includes a second guiding bevel and a second positioning plane; when the first positioning boss is aligned with the second positioning boss, the first positioning plane fits with the second positioning plane.

[0021] Furthermore, the side of the movable guide rail close to the limiting plate is divided into a smooth part and a limiting part, so that when the first movable hob and the second movable hob move, the inner wall of the first movable groove and the inner wall of the second movable groove respectively fit with the smooth part; the second positioning boss is arranged on the limiting part.

[0022] Furthermore, an elastic member is connected between the two movable guide rails, and the elastic member has an elastic force that causes the two movable guide rails to approach each other.

[0023] Furthermore, the second cutter disc cross beam includes a beam seat and a beam surface, the beam seat is installed on the cutter disc body, the beam surface is connected to the beam seat, and the beam surface is respectively provided with openings for accommodating the first movable hob and the second movable hob to be exposed outward; the movable guide rail is installed on the beam seat and is located between the beam seat and the beam surface.

[0024] Furthermore, it comprises three first cutter disc cross beams and three second cutter disc cross beams, and each first cutter disc cross beam is staggered with the second cutter disc cross beam so that the first cutter disc cross beam is adjacent to the second cutter disc cross beam.

[0025] Furthermore, a secondary beam is provided between the first cutter disc cross beam and the second cutter disc cross beam, and a secondary cutter is mounted on the secondary beam.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The shield machine cutterhead system provided by the present invention is suitable for soft and hard uneven strata. By driving the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter to move, when the movable cutter is aligned with the fixed cutter, the rock breaking efficiency in uniform geology can be guaranteed; when the movable cutter is staggered with the fixed cutter, the cutter spacing in the radial direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the shear area between the cutters and reducing the impact of the cutters when cutting from the soft soil section to the hard soil section, thereby avoiding abnormal wear of the cutters in soft and hard uneven strata as much as possible and reducing the frequency of cutter replacement. The shield machine cutterhead system provided by the present invention is suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, which can take into account both ensuring the rock breaking efficiency in uniform geology and reducing abnormal wear of the cutters in soft and hard uneven strata, so that the cutterhead system can be applied to soft and hard uneven strata, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the cutter disc system;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a movable hob assembly;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first movable hob;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of locking the first movable hob and the second movable hob by the movable adjustment assembly;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the movable guide rail;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the second cutter head beam;

[0035] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the first tool;

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment ring.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1. cutter head body; 2. first cutter head cross beam; 3. second cutter head cross beam; 4. first fixed hob; 5. second fixed hob; 6. first movable hob; 7. second movable hob; 8. movable adjustment assembly; 9. auxiliary beam; 10. auxiliary cutter;

[0038] 31. Beam seat; 32. Beam surface; 33. Opening;

[0039] 61. first tool holder; 62. first tool; 63. first sliding groove; 64. first locking groove;

[0040] 71. second tool holder; 72. second tool;

[0041] 81. Bidirectional oil cylinder; 82. Movable guide rail; 83. Telescopic electric cylinder; 84. Limit plate; 85. Elastic part;

[0042] 821, first limiting protrusion; 822, second limiting protrusion; 823, second positioning boss; 824, second positioning groove; 825, second guiding inclined surface; 826, second positioning plane;

[0043] 841, first positioning boss; 842, first positioning groove; 843, first guiding inclined surface; 844, first positioning plane;

[0044] 621, knife shaft; 622, knife body; 623, knife ring; 624, tapered roller bearing; 625, telescopic cylinder; 626, friction convex block; 627, adjusting ring;

[0045] 6271, inner ring; 6272, push block; 6273, first guide slope; 6274, second guide slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0051] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0052] Example

[0053] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, which includes a cutterhead body 1, a cutterhead beam, a fixed cutter assembly and a movable cutter assembly. The number of the cutterhead beams is six, which are divided into three first cutterhead beams 2 and three second cutterhead beams 3. The first cutterhead beams 2 and the second cutterhead beams 3 are arranged alternately, so that the first cutterhead beams 2 and the second cutterhead beams 3 are respectively in an adjacent state. The fixed cutter assembly is installed on the first cutterhead beam 2, and the movable cutter assembly is installed on the second cutterhead beam 3, that is, the fixed cutter assembly and the movable cutter assembly are in an adjacent state in the circumferential direction.

[0054] Specifically, the fixed cutter assembly includes a first fixed cutter 4 and a second fixed cutter 5 respectively connected to the first cutter disc cross beam 2, and the first fixed cutter 4 and the second fixed cutter 5 are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1. The movable cutter assembly includes a first movable cutter 6, a second movable cutter 7 and a movable adjustment assembly 8. The first movable cutter 6 and the second movable cutter 7 are respectively movably connected to the second cutter disc cross beam 3 and arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1; the movable adjustment assembly 8 is respectively connected to the first movable cutter 6 and the second movable cutter 7, and is used to adjust the radial positions of the first movable cutter 6 and the second movable cutter 7, so that the first movable cutter 6 is aligned or staggered with the first fixed cutter 4 in the radial direction, and the second movable cutter 7 is aligned or staggered with the second fixed cutter 5 in the radial direction.

[0055] Multiple groups of fixed roller cutter assemblies arranged in the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1 can be installed on the first cutter disc crossbeam 2, and movable roller cutter assemblies corresponding to the fixed roller cutter assemblies can be installed on the second cutter disc crossbeam 3. In this embodiment, a group of fixed roller cutter assemblies is installed on the first cutter disc crossbeam 2, and a group of movable roller cutter assemblies is installed on the second cutter disc crossbeam 3. In other embodiments, multiple groups of fixed roller cutter assemblies and multiple groups of movable roller cutter assemblies can also be used.

[0056] It should be noted that during the excavation of the cutter disc, the cutters rotate with the cutter disc and rotate to cut the rock or soil to form concentric circular cutter gaps. For the convenience of the following explanation, the rock is broken by the shear force of the cutter. The larger the distance between adjacent cutters in the radial direction, the larger the shear area between the cutters, and the greater the force required to shear the rock. Therefore, the greater the impact on the cutter when it cuts from soft rock to hard rock, the greater the risk of abnormal wear of the cutter. When the distance between adjacent cutters in the radial direction is smaller, the effective shear area between adjacent cutters will overlap to a certain extent. Although it can reduce the wear probability of the cutters, it will also reduce the rock breaking efficiency. In addition, reducing the distance between cutters also requires an increase in the number of cutters that actually cut the rock in the radial direction, cutting more concentric circular cutter gaps. The increase in the number of cutters in the radial direction increases the resistance of the cutter disc when it rotates, requiring more power to drive, which will sacrifice the rotation speed of the cutter disc and reduce the construction efficiency.

[0057] Therefore, in this embodiment, when facing uniform strata, the first movable roller cutter 6 and the second movable roller cutter 7 are driven by the adjustment component to move and switch to align with the first fixed roller cutter 4 and the second fixed roller cutter 5. At this time, the spacing between the roller cutters in the radial direction increases, and the number of concentric circular cutter slits decreases, which reduces the resistance encountered when the cutter disc rotates, and can ensure construction efficiency in uniform geology. When facing soft and hard uneven strata, the first movable roller cutter 6 and the second movable roller cutter 7 are driven by the adjustment component to switch to staggered with the first fixed roller cutter 4 and the second fixed roller cutter 5. At this time, the number of concentric circular cutter slits cut increases, and the spacing between the roller cutters in the radial direction decreases, which reduces the impact on the roller cutters, thereby reducing abnormal wear of the roller cutters, reducing the time for changing cutters, further improving construction efficiency and reducing costs.

[0058] The shield machine cutterhead system provided in this embodiment is suitable for soft and hard uneven strata. By driving the first movable cutter 6 and the second movable cutter 7 to move, when the movable cutter is aligned with the fixed cutter, the rock breaking efficiency in uniform geology can be guaranteed; when the movable cutter is staggered with the fixed cutter, the cutter spacing in the radial direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the shear area between the cutters and reducing the impact of the cutters when cutting from the soft soil section to the hard soil section, thereby reducing the abnormal wear of the cutters in the soft and hard uneven strata as much as possible and reducing the frequency of cutter replacement. The shield machine cutterhead system provided by the present invention is suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, which can take into account both ensuring the rock breaking efficiency in uniform geology and reducing the abnormal wear of the cutters in the soft and hard uneven strata, so that the cutterhead system can be suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs.

[0059] Specifically, refer to Figure 2As shown, the movable adjustment assembly 8 includes a two-way oil cylinder 81, a guide rail assembly and a driving member. The two-way oil cylinder 81 is connected between the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7, and is used to drive the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 to move relative to each other. Specifically, the two-way oil cylinder 81 can be fixed on the cutter head crossbeam, so that the two ends of the two-way oil cylinder 81 are respectively connected to the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7, so as to drive the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 to move closer to each other or away from each other, so as to realize the alignment or stagger operation between the movable hob and the fixed hob.

[0060] The guide rail assembly includes two movable guide rails 82 parallel to each other, and the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 are respectively connected to the movable guide rails 82 in a manner of movement along the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1; the movable guide rail 82 is installed on the cutter disc crossbeam in a manner of movement along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1. The two movable guide rails 82 parallel to each other guide the movement of the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7. Specifically, a waist-shaped slide groove can be provided on the movable guide rail 82, and a screw rod can be installed on the cutter disc crossbeam, so that the waist-shaped slide groove and the screw rod can be movably matched to realize the movable connection between the movable guide rail 82 and the cutter disc crossbeam; the movable connection between the movable guide rail 82 and the cutter disc crossbeam can also be realized by using a T-shaped slider and a T-shaped slide rail, or other methods can be used for connection, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0061] The driving member is installed between the two movable guide rails 82, and is used to drive the two movable guide rails 82 to move away from each other until they clamp the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7. When the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 move to the specified position, the movable hob is aligned or staggered with the fixed hob, and the two movable guide rails 82 are driven away from each other by the driving member, and the movable guide rails 82 clamp the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 respectively, thereby positioning the radial position of the movable hob.

[0062] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the first movable hob 6 includes a first cutter seat 61 and a first cutter 62. The second movable hob 7 includes a second cutter seat 71 and a second cutter 72. Figure 3 As shown, the first knife seat 61 has a first sliding groove 63 at the bottom, and a first locking groove 64 is provided on a wall surface of the first sliding groove 63. The first locking groove 64 is recessed inward from a wall surface of the first sliding groove 63 to form the first locking groove 64, and the first locking groove 64 has a limiting function. The structure of the second knife seat 71 is the same as that of the first knife seat 61. The second knife seat 71 has a second sliding groove at the bottom, and a second locking groove is provided on a wall surface of the second sliding groove, and the second locking groove has a limiting function.

[0063] Reference Figure 5As shown, the movable guide rail 82 passes through the first sliding groove 63 and the second sliding groove in sequence. Accordingly, two groups of limiting members are provided on the movable guide rail 82, each group of limiting members includes a first limiting protrusion 821 and a second limiting protrusion 822, the first limiting protrusion 821 is used to engage with the first locking groove 64, thereby limiting the movement of the first knife seat 61, and the second limiting protrusion 822 is used to engage with the second locking groove, thereby limiting the movement of the second knife seat 71. The two groups of limiting members are staggered along the length direction of the movable guide rail 82, so as to achieve the limiting of the knife seat in two states, that is, the limiting is performed respectively in the state where the fixed hob is aligned or staggered with the movable hob. When the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove cooperate with a set of limiting members, the first movable hob 6 is aligned with the first fixed hob 4, and the second movable hob 7 is aligned with the second fixed hob 5; when the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove cooperate with another set of limiting members, the first movable hob 6 is staggered with the first fixed hob 4, and the second movable hob 7 is staggered with the second fixed hob 5.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the first limiting protrusion 821 is separated from the first locking groove 64, an edge of the movable guide rail 82 away from the first limiting protrusion 821 abuts against an inner wall of the first sliding groove 63 away from the first locking groove 64, and the width of the first sliding groove 63 is not less than the sum of the widths of the first limiting protrusion 821 and the movable guide rail 82, so that the movable guide rail 82 can pass through the first sliding groove 63; under the limiting action of the two movable guide rails 82, the movement of the first knife seat 61 is guided. Thus, the position of the movable guide rail 82 is changed to respectively guide the movement of the knife seat and position the knife seat.

[0065] Specifically, the driving member includes a telescopic electric cylinder 83 and a limit plate 84, and the limit plate 84 is placed between the two movable guide rails 82 and extends along the length direction of the movable guide rail 82. The side of the limit plate 84 is provided with a plurality of first positioning bosses 841 arranged along its length direction, and a first positioning groove 842 is formed between adjacent first positioning bosses 841. The side of the movable guide rail 82 close to the limit plate 84 is provided with a plurality of second positioning bosses 823 arranged along its length direction, and a second positioning groove 824 is formed between adjacent second positioning bosses 823. The first positioning boss 841 matches the contour of the second positioning groove 824, and the second positioning boss 823 matches the contour of the first positioning groove 842. When the limit plate 84 and the movable guide rail 82 move until the first positioning boss 841 and the second positioning boss 823 are aligned and abutted against each other, the distance between the two movable guide rails 82 is the largest, so that the limit member cooperates with the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove respectively. The state at this time refers to Figure 4 When the movement reaches the point where the first positioning boss 841 is offset from the second positioning boss 823, the spacing between the two movable guide rails 82 is minimal, so that the stopper is separated from the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove.

[0066] During the rotation of the cutter disc, the cutter seat will be subjected to the reaction force generated by shearing the rock. The direction of the reaction force is tangent to the rotation direction of the cutter disc and is transmitted to the movable guide rail 82. The limit plate 84 bears the force between the two movable guide rails 82, which can effectively improve the deformation resistance of the two movable guide rails 82 and the reliability during the excavation work.

[0067] In this embodiment, in order to avoid interference between the limit plate 84 and the knife holder during movement, the limit plate 84 and the knife holder are staggered in the height direction.

[0068] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the first positioning boss 841 includes a first guiding bevel 843 and a first positioning plane 844, and the second positioning boss 823 includes a second guiding bevel 825 and a second positioning plane 826. When the first positioning boss 841 is aligned with the second positioning boss 823, the first positioning plane 844 is in contact with the second positioning plane 826. When the movable guide rail 82 and the limiting plate 84 move relative to each other, they are guided by the first guiding bevel 843 and the second guiding bevel 825.

[0069] Specifically, the side of the movable guide rail 82 close to the limiting plate 84 is divided into a smooth part and a limiting part, so that when the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 move, the inner wall of the first movable groove and the inner wall of the second movable groove are respectively fitted with the smooth part; the second positioning boss 823 is arranged on the limiting part, so that the smooth part and the limiting part are staggered up and down, thereby avoiding interference.

[0070] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 As shown, an elastic member 85 is connected between the two movable guide rails 82, and the elastic member 85 has an elastic force to make the two movable guide rails 82 approach each other. When the first positioning boss 841 and the second positioning boss 823 are offset from each other, the elastic member 85 drives the two movable guide rails 82 to approach each other. In order to better show the structure between the movable guide rail 82 and the limit plate 84, Figure 4 Part of the elastic members 85 are hidden in the figure, and the number and installation positions of the elastic members 85 can be set accordingly according to actual calculation results.

[0071] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 As shown, in Figure 7 A movable roller cutter assembly is hidden in the cutter disc, and the second cutter disc cross beam 3 includes a beam seat 31 and a beam surface 32. The beam seat 31 is installed on the cutter disc body 1, and the beam surface 32 is connected to the beam seat 31. The beam surface 32 is respectively provided with openings 33 for accommodating the first movable roller cutter 6 and the second movable roller cutter 7 to be exposed outward; the movable guide rail 82 is installed on the beam seat 31 and is located between the beam seat 31 and the beam surface 32.

[0072] Specifically, a secondary beam 9 is provided between the first cutter head beam 2 and the second cutter head beam 3, and a secondary cutter 10 is installed on the secondary beam 9. The secondary cutter 10 is used to assist in rock crushing.

[0073] The present embodiment provides a shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata. When the construction environment is a uniform geological layer, the movable cutter is aligned with the fixed cutter to improve the rock breaking efficiency and ensure the construction efficiency when constructing in a uniform geological layer. When the construction environment is a composite geological layer with a soft upper layer and a hard lower layer, the movable cutter is staggered with the fixed cutter to form more concentric cutting seams, reduce the cutter distance in the radial direction, and thus reduce the impact on the cutter when cutting from a soft layer into a hard layer.

[0074] Specifically, the process of switching the movable hob and the fixed hob from alignment to offset is as follows: the telescopic electric cylinder 83 drives the limit plate 84 to move relative to the movable guide rail 82, so that the first positioning boss 841 and the second positioning boss 823 are offset. At this time, the two movable guide rails 82 are close to each other under the action of the elastic member 85, so that the smooth part of the movable guide rail 82 is against the inner wall of the corresponding first sliding groove 63 and the second sliding groove, which guides the movement of the knife seat; the two-way oil cylinder 81 then drives the first movable hob 6 and the second movable hob 7 to approach each other until the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove are aligned with another set of limit members, so that the movable hob and the fixed hob are offset; finally, the telescopic electric cylinder 83 drives the limit plate 84 to move relative to the movable guide rail 82, so that the first positioning boss 841 and the second positioning boss 823 are aligned and against each other. In this process, the two movable guide rails 82 are pushed away from each other until the limit members are engaged with the first locking groove 64 and the second locking groove, thereby radially positioning the movable hob. The process of switching the movable hob and the fixed hob from offset to alignment is opposite to the above process.

[0075] Specifically, refer to Figure 8As shown, the first cutter 62 includes a cutter shaft 621, a cutter body 622, a cutter ring 623 and a friction adjustment assembly. The cutter shaft 621 is mounted on the first cutter seat 61, and the cutter body 622 is rotatably connected to the cutter shaft 621 through two tapered roller bearings 624; a gap is formed between the two tapered roller bearings 624. During the excavation operation, when the cutter disc rotates, the cutter body 622 rotates in the opposite direction under the friction of the rock. The cutter ring 623 is connected to the cutter body 622 and rotates with the cutter body 622, thereby cutting the rock. The friction force adjustment assembly includes a telescopic cylinder 625, a friction lug 626 and an adjustment ring 627; the telescopic cylinder 625 is connected to the knife shaft 621 and is located in the gap between the two tapered roller bearings 624; the surface of the knife body 622 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged mounting grooves, and the friction lug 626 is movably installed in the mounting groove along the radial direction of the knife body 622; the adjustment ring 627 is movably installed in the knife body 622 and abuts against the friction lug 626; the adjustment ring 627 extends outward from the inner surface of the knife body 622, and the telescopic cylinder 625 is extended to drive the adjustment ring 627 to move and push the friction lug 626 out of the mounting groove.

[0076] During the soft rock cutting process, due to the soft texture of the soft soil or soft rock section, there is a situation where there is not enough friction for the reel to rotate in the opposite direction, which results in the reel being unable to rotate or the rotation rate being too low during the soft soil cutting process, causing the soft soil to clump and form mud cakes. The reel stops rotating due to the consolidation and blockage of the soft soil, resulting in a sharp increase in the starting torque, which eventually leads to the chord wear damage of the reel.

[0077] In this embodiment, when cutting a soft soil section, the telescopic oil cylinder 625 is extended to drive the adjustment ring 627 to move the friction protrusion 626 out of the installation groove, thereby increasing the friction between the cutter body 622 and the soft soil section, thereby ensuring that the roller can rotate under the action of friction as much as possible, avoiding the string wear damage of the roller, reducing the replacement frequency of the roller, and thus improving the construction efficiency. In the hard rock section, the telescopic oil cylinder 625 is retracted, and the friction protrusion 626 is retracted under the squeezing action of the hard rock section, reducing the resistance in the hard rock section, thereby avoiding affecting the rotation speed of the cutter disc.

[0078] Specifically, refer to Fig. 9As shown, the adjusting ring 627 includes an inner ring 6271 and a plurality of push blocks 6272 connected to the outer side of the inner ring 6271; the inner ring 6271 is provided with a first guiding inclined surface 6273 in contact with the telescopic oil cylinder 625, and the push blocks 6272 are provided with a second guiding inclined surface 6274 in contact with the friction protrusion 626, so that when the telescopic oil cylinder 625 is extended, the adjusting ring 627 is pushed to move along the axial direction of the cutter body 622, so that the friction protrusion 626 moves along the radial direction of the cutter body 622 and extends out of the cutter body 622. When the telescopic oil cylinder 625 is extended, the adjusting ring 627 moves along the axial direction of the cutter under the action of the first guiding inclined surface 6273, and the friction protrusion 626 moves along the radial direction of the cutter under the action of the second guiding inclined surface 6274 and extends outward.

[0079] Specifically, a ball is rotatably connected to the end of the telescopic oil cylinder 625, and the ball contacts the first guide inclined surface 6273, thereby reducing the friction between the telescopic oil cylinder 625 and the adjustment ring 627.

[0080] Specifically, it includes two oppositely arranged adjustment rings 627, and the blade body 622 is provided with two circles of friction protrusions 626 arranged symmetrically along the center of the blade body 622, and the two circles of friction protrusions 626 are respectively in contact with the corresponding adjustment rings 627. When the friction protrusions 626 extend out of the surface of the blade body 622, they are arranged oppositely on both sides of the blade ring 623.

[0081] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0082] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutterhead system suitable for soft and hard uneven strata, characterized in that: include: Cutterhead body; A cutter disc crossbeam extends from the center of the cutter disc body to the edge; the cutter disc crossbeam is divided into a first cutter disc crossbeam and a second cutter disc crossbeam, and the first cutter disc crossbeam is arranged adjacent to the second cutter disc crossbeam; A fixed roller cutter assembly comprises a first fixed roller cutter and a second fixed roller cutter respectively connected to a first cutter disc cross beam, wherein the first fixed roller cutter and the second fixed roller cutter are arranged along a radial direction of a cutter disc body; A movable cutter assembly comprises a first movable cutter, a second movable cutter and a movable adjustment assembly; the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter are respectively movably connected to the second cutter head cross beam and arranged along the radial direction of the cutter head body; the movable adjustment assembly is respectively connected to the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter, and is used to adjust the radial positions of the first movable cutter and the second movable cutter, so that the first movable cutter is aligned or staggered with the first fixed cutter in the radial direction, and the second movable cutter is aligned or staggered with the second fixed cutter in the radial direction; The activity adjustment component includes: A bidirectional oil cylinder is connected between the first movable hob and the second movable hob, and is used to drive the first movable hob and the second movable hob to move relative to each other; The guide rail assembly comprises two movable guide rails parallel to each other, the first movable hob and the second movable hob are respectively connected to the movable guide rails so as to be movable along the radial direction of the cutter disc body; the movable guide rails are mounted on the cutter disc cross beam so as to be movable along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cutter disc body; A driving member installed between the two movable guide rails, the driving member is used to drive the two movable guide rails to move away from each other until the first movable hob and the second movable hob are clamped; The first movable hob includes a first tool holder and a first tool installed in the first tool holder; a first sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the first tool holder, and a first locking groove is provided on a wall surface of the first sliding groove; The second movable hob includes a second cutter seat and a second cutter installed in the second cutter seat; a second sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the second cutter seat, and a second locking groove is provided on a wall surface of the second sliding groove; The movable guide rail passes through the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove in sequence, and two groups of limiting members are provided on the movable guide rail, and the limiting members include a first limiting protrusion for engaging with the first locking groove and a second limiting protrusion for engaging with the second locking groove, and the two groups of limiting members are staggered along the length direction of the movable guide rail; when the first locking groove and the second locking groove cooperate with one group of limiting members, the first movable hob is aligned with the first fixed hob, and the second movable hob is aligned with the second fixed hob; when the first locking groove and the second locking groove cooperate with another group of limiting members, the first movable hob is staggered with the first fixed hob, and the second movable hob is staggered with the second fixed hob; The driving member includes a telescopic electric cylinder and a limit plate, wherein the limit plate is placed between the two movable guide rails and extends along the length direction of the movable guide rails; a plurality of first positioning bosses arranged along the length direction of the limit plate are provided on the side surface of the limit plate, and first positioning grooves are formed between adjacent first positioning bosses; A plurality of second positioning bosses are arranged along the length direction of the movable guide rail on one side close to the limiting plate, and second positioning grooves are formed between adjacent second positioning bosses; The telescopic electric cylinder is connected to the limit plate, driving the limit plate to move along its length direction. When the first positioning boss is aligned with the second positioning boss, the limit piece cooperates with the first locking groove and the second locking groove respectively; when the first positioning boss is staggered with the second positioning boss, the limit piece is separated from the first locking groove and the second locking groove respectively.

2. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning boss includes a first guiding inclined surface and a first positioning plane, and the second positioning boss includes a second guiding inclined surface and a second positioning plane. When the first positioning boss is aligned with the second positioning boss, the first positioning plane is in contact with the second positioning plane.

3. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the movable guide rail close to the limiting plate is divided into a smooth part and a limiting part, so that when the first movable hob and the second movable hob move, the inner wall of the first movable groove and the inner wall of the second movable groove respectively fit with the smooth part; the second positioning boss is arranged on the limiting part.

4. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic member is connected between the two movable guide rails, and the elastic member has an elastic force that causes the two movable guide rails to approach each other.

5. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cutter disc cross beam includes a beam seat and a beam surface, the beam seat is installed on the cutter disc body, the beam surface is connected to the beam seat, and the beam surface is respectively provided with openings for accommodating the first movable hob and the second movable hob to be exposed outward; the movable guide rail is installed on the beam seat and is located between the beam seat and the beam surface.

6. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises three first cutter disc cross beams and three second cutter disc cross beams, and each of the first cutter disc cross beams is arranged alternately with the second cutter disc cross beams, so that the first cutter disc cross beams are adjacent to the second cutter disc cross beams.

7. The shield machine cutterhead system suitable for uneven hardness and softness strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: A secondary beam is provided between the first cutter disc cross beam and the second cutter disc cross beam, and a secondary cutter is mounted on the secondary beam.

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