Rock surface weathering evaluation method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a method, device and storage medium for evaluating the weathering of the shallow surface layer of a rock mass. The evaluation method includes: fusing a thermal infrared image of the rock mass to be evaluated that meets the selected requirements with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated; dividing the fused image into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the average temperature of the region and the presence or absence of cracks; obtaining the required parameters; obtaining the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated based on the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions, as well as the required parameters; obtaining the reduction coefficient for evaluation based on the rock mass data and the surface layer conditions of the rock mass to be evaluated; and obtaining the weathering evaluation parameter using the hierarchical analysis method based on the reduction coefficient for evaluation, and the smaller the weathering evaluation parameter, the more serious the weathering of the rock mass. The evaluation method provided by the present application can realize the rapid and efficient evaluation of the weathering degree of the shallow surface layer of the rock mass with good accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock mass quality evaluation, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for evaluating shallow surface weathering of rock mass. Background Art

[0002] Rock mass refers to a geological body with discontinuity, heterogeneity and anisotropy composed of various types of rocks containing weak structural surfaces within a certain engineering scope. Rock mass is formed in a long geological history, has a certain structure and construction, and is related to engineering construction. Affected by weathering, the physical and mechanical properties, microstructure and mineral composition of the rock mass have deteriorated to varying degrees, weakening the integrity and stability of the rock mass. Severe weathering will cause peeling, flaking, fragmentation and even collapse disasters. Studying and evaluating the degree of rock mass weathering is the basis for rock mass stability analysis, and can provide a theoretical basis for the precise prevention and control of disasters.

[0003] In the process of implementing this application, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0004] At present, the evaluation of rock weathering mostly adopts contact measurement methods, such as core drilling and calipers, which will damage the rock mass. However, the actual rock mass environment is complex, and there are many steep, high-risk, difficult to reach and rock masses with special protection requirements, which makes it difficult to obtain rock mass parameters, and thus makes the evaluation method difficult to apply. The current evaluation mostly adopts multi-index evaluation, and its results are more accurate than single-index evaluation. Non-destructive detection can obtain a large amount of data, but it is affected by a large number of factors.

[0005] Therefore, a method, device and storage medium for evaluating shallow surface weathering of rock mass are needed to at least partially solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device and storage medium for evaluating shallow surface weathering of rock mass to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art.

[0007] One aspect of the present application provides a method for evaluating shallow surface weathering of a rock mass, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] fusing a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among multiple thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally stimulated state with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state;

[0009] The fused image formed by image fusion is divided into smooth area, exposed crack area, buried crack area and general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks;

[0010] Obtain required parameters, including: the average temperature of the smooth zone with the lowest average temperature in the smooth zone at different times under thermal excitation, the exposed crack area, exposed crack trace length and the lowest temperature at different times under thermal excitation of each exposed crack zone, the area of ​​each buried crack zone and the highest temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of buried crack zones, the area of ​​each general zone and the average temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of general zones;

[0011] Based on the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions, and the required parameters, obtain rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: exposed fracture volume, average burial depth of buried fracture area, average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and weathering depth;

[0012] Based on the rock mass data and the surface layer condition of the rock mass to be evaluated, the reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained, including: the weathering index reduction coefficient of exposed fissures, the weathering index reduction coefficient of buried fissures, the density reduction coefficient, the heat absorption reduction coefficient, the weathering depth reduction coefficient and the surface layer reduction coefficient;

[0013] Based on the evaluation reduction coefficient, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0015] An image fusion module is used to fuse a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among the thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally excited state with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state;

[0016] A division module is used to divide the fused image formed by image fusion into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks;

[0017] The first data acquisition module is used to obtain the required parameters, including: the average temperature of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area at different times under thermal excitation, the exposed crack area, the exposed crack trace length and the lowest temperature at different times under thermal excitation of each exposed crack area, the area of ​​each buried crack area and the highest temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of buried crack areas, the area of ​​each general area and the average temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of general areas;

[0018] The second data acquisition module is used to acquire rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated based on the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions, and the required parameters, including: exposed fracture volume, average burial depth of buried fracture area, average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and weathering depth;

[0019] A third data acquisition module is used to obtain the reduction coefficient for evaluation based on the rock mass data and the surface layer condition of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: the weathering index reduction coefficient of exposed fissures, the weathering index reduction coefficient of buried fissures, the density reduction coefficient, the heat absorption reduction coefficient, the weathering depth reduction coefficient and the surface layer reduction coefficient;

[0020] An evaluation parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the weathering evaluation parameter ω based on the evaluation reduction coefficient using the hierarchical analysis method. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0021] Another aspect of the present application further provides a rock mass shallow surface layer weathering evaluation device, the evaluation device comprising:

[0022] A memory for storing computer executable instructions;

[0023] The processor is used to implement the evaluation method of the above technical solution when executing the computer executable instructions stored in the memory.

[0024] Another aspect of the present application further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the evaluation method of the above technical solution.

[0025] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which implement the steps of the evaluation method of the above technical solution when executed by a processor.

[0026] According to the shallow surface weathering evaluation method of the rock mass of the embodiment of the present application, firstly, a thermal infrared image of the rock mass to be evaluated that meets the selected requirements under the thermal excitation state is fused with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated; then, the fused image is divided into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the average temperature of the region and the presence or absence of cracks; then, the required parameters are obtained; then, based on the average temperature and heat flux density corresponding to different times of the surface of the unweathered rock mass under the same conditions of thermal excitation, and the above-mentioned required parameters, the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated is obtained, including: the exposed crack volume, the average burial depth of the buried crack area, the average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, the average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated and the weathering depth; then, based on the rock mass data and the surface layer condition of the rock mass to be evaluated, an evaluation reduction coefficient is obtained; finally, based on the evaluation reduction coefficient, a hierarchical analysis method is used to obtain the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The evaluation method of the embodiment of the present application meets the requirements of non-destructive and non-contact rock mass detection, is based on the analytic hierarchy process and takes into account the role of rock mass cracks and rock material weathering in rock mass weathering, and can achieve rapid, efficient and accurate evaluation of rock mass damage status.

[0027] Additional advantages, purposes, and features of the present application will be partially described in the following description, and will become partially apparent to those skilled in the art after studying the following, or may be learned from the practice of the present application. The purposes and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings.

[0028] Those skilled in the art will understand that the purposes and advantages that can be achieved by the present application are not limited to the above specific description, and the above and other purposes that can be achieved by the present application will be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, but are only for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present application. In order to facilitate the illustration and description of some parts of the present application, the corresponding parts in the drawings may be enlarged, that is, they may become larger relative to other components in the exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present application. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for evaluating shallow surface weathering of a rock mass according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a rock surface weathering evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative implementation modes and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application.

[0034] It should also be noted here that in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not very relevant to the present application are omitted.

[0035] It should be emphasized that the term “include / comprises” when used herein refers to the presence of features, elements, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.

[0036] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term “connection” herein may refer not only to a direct connection but also to an indirect connection with an intermediate.

[0037] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components, or the same or similar steps.

[0038] First, refer to Figure 1 A method 100 for evaluating shallow surface weathering of a rock mass according to an embodiment of the present application is described. Figure 1 As shown, the rock mass shallow surface weathering evaluation method 100 may include the following steps:

[0039] In step S110, a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among a plurality of thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally excited state is fused with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state.

[0040] In step S120, the fused image formed by image fusion is divided into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks.

[0041] In step S130, the demand parameters are obtained. The demand parameters include: the average temperature T corresponding to different time t of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area under thermal excitation S , the exposed crack area S of each exposed crack zone f , length of exposed crack trace l f and the lowest temperature T corresponding to different time t under thermal excitation fmin , the area of ​​each buried fracture zone S Band the maximum temperature S corresponding to different time t under thermal excitation Bmax and the total number of buried fracture zones N B , the area of ​​each general area is S Cg and the average temperature T corresponding to different times t under thermal excitation Cg And the total number of general areas N C . Where g=1,2,3…N C .

[0042] In step S140, based on the average temperature T corresponding to different time t of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated under the same thermal excitation conditions, r and heat flux q w , and required parameters, to obtain the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated. The rock mass data includes: exposed fracture volume Vj f , the average burial depth of the buried fracture zone h B , average density of the rock mass to be evaluated ρ * , average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated λ * , weathering depth H.

[0043] In step S150, the reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained based on the rock mass data and the surface conditions of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: exposed fissure weathering index reduction coefficient ω1, buried fissure weathering index reduction coefficient ω2, density reduction coefficient ω3, heat absorption reduction coefficient ω4, weathering depth reduction coefficient ω5 and surface layer reduction coefficient ω6.

[0044] In step S160, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method based on the evaluation reduction coefficient. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, first, a thermal infrared image of the rock mass to be evaluated that meets the selected requirements under thermal excitation is fused with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated; then, the fused image is divided into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the average temperature of the region and the presence or absence of cracks; and then the following parameters are obtained, including: the average temperature of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area at different times under thermal excitation, the exposed crack area, the exposed crack trace length and the minimum temperature at different times under thermal excitation of each exposed crack area, the area of ​​each buried crack area and the maximum temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of buried crack areas, the area of ​​each general area and the maximum temperature at different times under thermal excitation The average temperature corresponding to the time and the total number of general areas; then, based on the average temperature and heat flux density corresponding to different times of the surface of the unweathered rock mass under the same thermal excitation conditions, and the above-mentioned required parameters, the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated are obtained, including: the exposed fracture volume, the average burial depth of the buried fracture area, the average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, the average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and the weathering depth; then, based on the rock mass data and the surface layer conditions of the rock mass to be evaluated, the reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained, including: the weathering index reduction coefficient of exposed fractures, the weathering index reduction coefficient of buried fractures, the density reduction coefficient, the heat absorption reduction coefficient, the weathering depth reduction coefficient, and the surface layer reduction coefficient; finally, based on the evaluation reduction coefficients, the hierarchical analysis method is used to obtain the weathering evaluation parameter ω * .

[0046] In addition, it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the area S of each buried fracture region obtained in step S130 is adopted. B and the total number of buried fracture zones N B These two types of data. It can be understood that the area S of each buried fracture area is obtained B and / or the total number of buried fracture zones N B It may also be any step from step S110 to step S150 without limitation.

[0047] From the description of the above process, it can be seen that the evaluation method 100 according to the embodiment of the present application meets the requirements of non-destructive and non-contact rock detection. It is based on the analytic hierarchy process and takes into account the role of rock cracks and rock material weathering in rock weathering. The established weathering evaluation parameters are closer to the actual weathering state of the rock, making the evaluation results more accurate and enabling rapid, non-contact and efficient evaluation of the weathering state of the rock to be achieved.

[0048] Rock mass is a discontinuous, heterogeneous and anisotropic geological body. There are many types of rock mass, such as stone cultural relic rock mass. The object of the evaluation method of the embodiment of the present application may not be limited to the type of rock mass. The contents of the above steps of the evaluation method 100 according to the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, in step S110, a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among multiple thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally excited state is fused with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state.

[0050] Among them, the rock mass to be evaluated is a rock mass with an unknown weathering grade that needs to be evaluated. For ease of implementation, the rock mass to be evaluated can be a rock mass of a certain area (surface area), such as 1m*1m or other suitable areas. The rock mass to be evaluated can obtain a series of thermal infrared images at different times through an image acquisition device (such as the infrared thermal imager to be discussed below) under thermal excitation. In order to ensure that the features of the thermal infrared image used for image fusion are obvious, the last thermal infrared image in a series of thermal infrared images in chronological order can be selected. Of course, thermal infrared images at other time points can also be used, as long as the features of the thermal infrared image meet the requirements.

[0051] Image fusion refers to fusing the information of multiple images together to generate a new image, so that the new image can contain all the key information and features of the original image. Image fusion technology can effectively combine image information from different sources to improve the quality and information content of the image.

[0052] The basic principle of image fusion is to process and combine multiple images appropriately to achieve information complementation and enhancement. The main image fusion methods include pixel-level fusion, feature-level fusion and model-level fusion. Specifically:

[0053] Pixel-based fusion: This method processes and combines the pixels of multiple images one by one, usually using weighted average, maximum or minimum value, etc. This fusion method is simple and intuitive, but may lead to the loss of some information.

[0054] Feature-level fusion: This method extracts and matches the features of multiple images, and then fuses them based on the matching results. Common features include edges, textures, colors, etc. This fusion method can better preserve the details and features of the image, but it requires a high accuracy of feature extraction and matching.

[0055] Model-based fusion: This method models and optimizes the information of multiple images to obtain the best fusion result. Commonly used models include wavelet transform, multi-scale analysis, and deep learning. This fusion method can better process images of different scales and resolutions, but it has high requirements for model selection and parameter adjustment.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, the image fusion method may not be limited. Visible light images and thermal infrared images may be fused at the pixel level. A weighted average is performed on each pixel point at the corresponding position of the two images, where the fusion ratio τ of the visible light image ranges from 40% to 60%, and the corresponding fusion ratio of the thermal infrared image is selected as 1τ. For example, when fusion, the fusion ratio of the visible light image is 40%, and the fusion ratio of the thermal infrared image is 60%.

[0057] In addition, before performing step S110, the following steps may also be included:

[0058] In step S102, a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements is obtained from a plurality of thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally excited state.

[0059] For example, a series of thermal infrared images are acquired at different times for the rock mass to be evaluated under thermal stimulation that satisfies the heating condition, and the last thermal infrared image in the series of thermal infrared images is selected in chronological order.

[0060] It should be noted that when obtaining a series of thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated at different times, it is also necessary to thermally excite the rock mass to be evaluated. For example, a heating device can be used to perform long-term infrared thermal excitation on the rock mass to be evaluated. The heating device can use laser thermal excitation with adjustable power and adjustable range. The heating source is 1-2m away from the rock mass to be evaluated, and the maximum temperature of the thermal excitation does not exceed 50°C, ensuring that the rock mass is heated evenly and the three-dimensional diffusion effect is less affected. Or other heating devices, such as a constant heat flux halogen heating lamp with adjustable power, the heating device is not strictly limited. At the end of heating, the temperature of the rock mass to be evaluated rises by at least 20°C, and the temperature difference (between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature) is greater than 5°C.

[0061] In addition, in order to conveniently obtain thermal infrared images (temperature cloud maps) at different heating times, a portable infrared thermal imager can be used for on-site monitoring to obtain thermal infrared images (temperature cloud maps) at different heating times. Among them, the portable infrared thermal imager can be, for example, Fluke Ti480Pro, which has a temperature measurement range of -10°C to 1000°C, a temperature measurement accuracy of 2%, a thermal sensitivity ≤0.05°C, and a detector spatial resolution of 307200. When using the infrared thermal imager Fluke Ti480Pro for on-site monitoring, interval shooting can be performed. The shooting interval can be set to 15s, 30s or other reasonable intervals, for example.

[0062] In step S104, a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state is obtained. The natural state refers to the natural state when no thermal stimulation is performed. When obtaining the visible light image, the rock mass to be evaluated is not subjected to thermal stimulation, and other environmental conditions are as consistent as possible with those when the thermal infrared image is obtained.

[0063] There is no limitation on the method of obtaining the visible light image. For example, a photographing device such as a smart phone or a camera may be used to take a photo. The visible light image may also be directly obtained by using the photographing function of the infrared thermal imager itself.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present application, in step S120, the fused image formed by image fusion is divided into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks.

[0065] In order to facilitate calculation and improve processing efficiency, the fused image is first divided according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks. There are generally two types of cracks: exposed cracks and buried cracks. The number of each of the smooth area, exposed crack area, buried crack area and general area is multiple.

[0066] Specifically, by observing the fused image and comparing the temperature, flatness and surface color of the infrared image of the unweathered rock mass (described below), the surface of the rock mass in the fused image is smooth and flat without cracks. The average temperature of the region is 0-1.5°C higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time in the thermal infrared image in the fused image, and the difference between the lowest and highest temperatures in the region is less than 0.3°C. This is a smooth area.

[0067] Among them, the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time as the thermal infrared image in the fused image means: assuming that the thermal infrared image in the fused image is the thermal infrared image of the 10th minute since the start of heating, the unweathered rock mass should also be the unweathered rock mass of the 10th minute since the start of heating. The regional average temperature is 0-1.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass, which means: the number of smooth areas includes multiple, and the temperature difference between the average temperature of each smooth area and the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass is a random value in the range of 0-1.5℃. For example, a smooth area is 0.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass, a smooth area is 0.7℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass, and a smooth area is 1.3℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass. Of course, when dividing the area, the temperature difference value here takes the maximum value that the regional average temperature can be higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass. The area of ​​the smooth area can be no less than 1cm * 1cm, for example, a rectangular area.

[0068] Since the temperature of the fused image at the exposed crack is significantly lower than that of other areas, and the crack has a closed boundary line in the visible light image, the area surrounded by the boundary line is the exposed crack area. This area is an abnormally low temperature area, and the PS software can be used to divide the boundary and extract the color block.

[0069] The fused image at the buried fissure shows uniform and obvious high temperature, but there is no obvious disaster on the surface. There is no abnormality in the visible light image, and this area is an abnormally high temperature area. There may be discontinuous high temperature points at the edge of this area, which can be removed and ignored. In the fused image, a closed isotherm with a temperature 2-3.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time as the thermal infrared image in the fused image is drawn around the buried fissure. The area surrounded by the isotherm is the buried fissure area. See the explanation of the smooth area. Here, the temperature is 2-3.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time as the thermal infrared image in the fused image, which means: when dividing the area, the isotherm value here takes the maximum value that can be higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass in the area. There are multiple buried fissure areas, and the isotherm value of each buried fissure area is a random value in the range of 2-3.5℃. For example, the isotherm value of a buried fracture zone is 2°C, the isotherm value of a buried fracture zone is 2.5°C, and the isotherm value of a buried fracture zone is 3.5°C.

[0070] The remaining area after removing the smooth area, exposed crack area and buried crack area from the fused image is the general area. In order to facilitate subsequent calculation and improve processing efficiency, the general area can be further divided into small blocks of equal area.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the demand parameters are obtained in step S130. The demand parameters include: the average temperature T corresponding to different time t of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area under thermal excitation S , the exposed crack area S of each exposed crack zone f , length of exposed crack trace l f and the lowest temperature T corresponding to different time t under thermal excitation fmin , the area of ​​each buried fracture zone S B and the maximum temperature T corresponding to different time t under thermal excitation Bmax and the total number of buried fracture zones N B , the area of ​​each general area is S Cg and the average temperature T corresponding to different times t under thermal excitation Cg And the total number of general areas N C .

[0072] Among them, the existing technology can be used to obtain the above-mentioned required parameters. For example, in order to obtain relevant temperature parameters: each average temperature, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature, Matlab software can be used for automatic extraction. In addition, Matlab software can also automatically extract relevant temperature cloud maps. In order to obtain relevant crack parameters: the area of ​​each region, the number of regions, the crack area, and the length of the crack trace, SmartView infrared image professional software can be used to extract the crack network diagram of the fused image for processing, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, in step S140, the average temperature T corresponding to different time t of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated under the same thermal excitation conditions is r and heat flux q w , and required parameters, to obtain the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated. The rock mass data includes: exposed fracture volume V f , the average burial depth of the buried fracture zone h B , average density of the rock mass to be evaluated ρ * , average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated λ * , weathering depth H.

[0074] Before performing step S140, the following steps may also be included:

[0075] Obtain the average temperature Tr and heat flux q of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times t under the same thermal excitation conditions w Among them, the unweathered rock mass refers to the same type of unweathered rock mass as the rock mass to be evaluated, which is a complete and intact rock mass with the same properties. For example, the unweathered rock mass can be obtained by sampling rock samples with the same properties near the rock mass to be evaluated.

[0076] The average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to different times under the same thermal excitation conditions can be obtained by using existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here.

[0077] Of course, obtaining the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions needs to be carried out under the condition of thermal excitation of the unweathered rock mass, for example, while thermal excitation is being carried out on the rock mass to be evaluated.

[0078] Specifically, the specific heat capacity c of the unweathered rock mass, the average temperature T corresponding to different time t r and heat flux q w Substitute the temperature difference function Solving for the average density ρ r , average thermal conductivity λ r Among them, the specific heat capacity c of the unweathered rock mass can be determined by prior measurement.

[0079] The minimum temperature T corresponding to each exposed crack area at different time t fmin Substitute into the heat conduction formula Assuming that the exposed crack is semi-disk-shaped, the internal surface area of ​​the exposed crack is Substitute into the formula in S fis the exposed crack area, l f is the corresponding exposed crack trace length, and the exposed crack depth h is obtained f , and further obtain the exposed fracture volume

[0080] The maximum temperature T corresponding to each buried fracture zone at different time t Bmax Substitute into the depth calculation formula in T0 is the temperature of the rock mass to be evaluated before heating, and h B The curve of change with time t, select the first time to meet the time sequence Time B The value of is taken as the average burial depth of the buried fracture zone.

[0081] The average temperature T corresponding to each general area at different times t Cg and the total number of general areas N C Substitute the temperature difference function Solve for the average density ρ of each general area f and the average thermal conductivity λ f .

[0082] The smoothing area with the lowest average temperature is based on the average temperature T corresponding to different times t. S The average temperature of formation T S The fitting curve between time t is obtained The fitting curve between time t is used to process the average temperature T corresponding to different time t on the surface of unweathered rock. r The average temperature of formation T r The fitting curve between time t is obtained The fitting curve between time t, at T s =T r Under the conditions of Temperature coordinates at Substitute into the formula in, The weathering depth H is calculated.

[0083] It should be noted that the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated may be obtained by calculation based on the above formula, or by calculation using other formulas that can obtain various rock mass data, which is not limited here.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present application, in step S150, the reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained based on the rock mass data and the surface conditions of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: the reduction coefficient of the weathering index of exposed fractures ω1, the reduction coefficient of the weathering index of buried fractures ω2, the density reduction coefficient ω3, the heat absorption reduction coefficient ω4, the weathering depth reduction coefficient ω5 and the surface layer reduction coefficient ω6.

[0085] Specifically, all exposed fractures in the rock mass to be evaluated are divided into f According to V f ≤1cm 3 , 1cm 3 <V f ≤10cm 3 、10cm 3 <V f ≤100cm 3 and V f >100cm 3 Divide into micro-cracks, small cracks, medium cracks and large cracks, and determine the number of micro-cracks N f1 、Number of small cracks f2 、Number of medium-sized cracks f3 and the number of large fractures N f4 , where the reduction factors for micro cracks, small cracks, medium cracks and large cracks are K f1 =0.0001, K f2 =0.004, K f3 =0.08, K f4 =0.4.

[0086] The crack network diagram of all cracks in the fusion image can be extracted by machine learning using the Unet network. The crack network diagram is divided into three levels according to the connectivity of each exposed crack: when there is basically no connectivity, the corresponding reduction factor K c Take 0.95 <K c ≤1.0, when a small number of connections are connected, the corresponding reduction factor is K c Take 0.8 <K c ≤0.95, when a large area is connected, the corresponding reduction factor K c Take 0.5≤K c ≤0.8.

[0087] Among them, K c The value standard is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Calculate the weathering index reduction factor of exposed cracks β=1,2,3,4. The maximum value of this reduction factor is 1, and when it is 1, it means that the rock mass is intact.

[0090] The buried fracture area S of the rock mass to be evaluated B , average burial depth h B As two evaluation indicators, all buried fracture areas are based on the buried fracture area S B According to 1cm 2 The group interval is divided into 100 groups, with an area of ​​0cm 2 -1cm 2 The buried fracture area between is the first group, and so on. According to the average burial depth h of the buried fracture area B The burial fracture area with an average burial depth between 0cm and 1cm is the first group, and so on. Establish the reduction coefficient matrix

[0091] K mn The reduction coefficients corresponding to the buried fracture areas whose area is in the mth group and whose average buried depth is in the nth group are represented by m=1,2,...100 and n=1,2,...50. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to score and assign values ​​to each element.

[0092] The K corresponding to the pth buried crack region mn Defined as the reduction factor K for this area p ; p=1,2,3…,N B ,N B is the total number of buried fracture areas.

[0093] Calculation of weathering index reduction factor for buried fractures The maximum value of the reduction factor is 1, which means the rock mass is intact.

[0094] The average density of all general regions ρ f and the average thermal conductivity λ f Bring in The average density ρ of the rock mass to be evaluated is obtained * and the average heat absorption coefficient λ * , where S Cg is the area of ​​each corresponding general area.

[0095] Calculate the density reduction factor The maximum value of the reduction factor is 1, which means the rock mass is intact.

[0096] Calculate the heat reduction factor The maximum value of the reduction factor is 1, which means the rock mass is intact.

[0097] Calculation of weathering depth reduction factor H * is the maximum depth of thermal stimulation in the rock mass to be evaluated.* The subsequent depth, H * Generally, it is 0.5m-2m. If the weathering depth is greater than H * Then take H * The maximum value of this reduction factor is 1, which indicates that the rock mass is intact.

[0098] According to the experience in this industry, the range of the surface layer reduction coefficient ω6 for surface disasters such as roughening, black skin, salt crystallization, and dust accumulation on the rock surface can be given. The value standards are shown in the following table:

[0099]

[0100] It should be noted that the evaluation reduction coefficient can be obtained by calculation based on the above formula, or by calculation through other formulas that can obtain the evaluation reduction coefficient, and this is not limited here.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, in step S160, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method based on the evaluation reduction coefficient. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0102] Specifically, each evaluation is reduced by a factor ω i Compare them two by two, score them according to their importance, and construct a judgment matrix U = [u 6×6 ], each element u in the matrix U xy Represents ω x Relative to ω y The importance of the score. Among them, x = 1, 2, 3...6, y = 1, 2, 3...6, i = 1, 2, 3...6. The scoring standard is as follows:

[0103] Scale meaning 1 Indicates that two elements have the same importance. 3 Indicates that compared with the two elements, the former is slightly more important than the latter 5 Indicates that compared with the two elements, the former is obviously more important than the latter 7 Indicates that compared with the two elements, the former is extremely important than the latter 9 Indicates that compared with the two elements, the former is more important than the latter 2,4,6,8 Indicates the middle value of the above adjacent judgments

[0104] Substitute into the formula │[u 6×6 ]-λ j │=0, where j=1,2,3,4,5,6, we get (λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5,λ6), and take the maximum value Max{λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5,λ6}=λ max .

[0105] Substitute into the formula ([u 6×6 ][v 1×6 ] T =λ max [v1×6 ] T , calculate the maximum eigenvalue λ max The corresponding eigenvector V = [v 1×6 ]=(v1,v2,v3,v4,v5,v6).

[0106] Perform consistency check on the judgment matrix U and calculate the consistency index

[0107] Calculating the consistency ratio

[0108] Among them, RI is the random consistency index. From the following table, it can be seen that when the matrix is ​​a 6-order matrix, RI = 1.26.

[0109] q 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RI 0 0 0.52 0.89 1.12 1.26 1.36 1.41 1.46

[0110] When CR<0.1, it indicates that the consistency of the hierarchical analysis matrix meets the requirements. At this time, the maximum eigenvalue λ of the matrix is max The corresponding eigenvector V = (v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) is the corresponding reduction factor ω for each evaluation i The weight distribution of .

[0111] Calculation of weathering evaluation parameters When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0112] In addition, according to the evaluation method 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The numerical value of is classified to determine the weathering grade of the rock mass to be evaluated, specifically: when 0.0≤ω * ≤0.2 is completely weathered, when 0.2<ω * ≤0.4 is strong weathering, when 0.4<ω * ≤0.6 is moderate weathering, when 0.6<ω * ≤0.8 is slightly weathered, when 0.8<ω * When ≤1.0, it is not weathered.

[0113]

[0114] Based on the above description, according to the evaluation method 100 of the embodiment of the present application, when applied to the evaluation of the weathering state of surface rock mass, a method of organically combining multiple indicators is provided for the evaluation of the weathering state of the rock mass.

[0115] This evaluation method uses infrared thermal imaging technology to obtain weathering parameters on site, and uses infrared and visible light image fusion technology and image information extraction technology to process the captured infrared images. It can obtain the required parameters conveniently, quickly and accurately, and enable the weathering evaluation of the rock mass to be quickly completed on site, expanding the application scope of infrared thermal imaging technology in rock mass detection; crack parameters and temperature parameters are used to characterize the weathering state of rock cracks and the weathering state of rock materials respectively, and a calculation method for obtaining the buried depth and area of ​​cracks inside the rock mass is proposed in combination with the principle of heat transfer. The hierarchical analysis method is used in the correlation analysis to obtain the combined weights of various indicators, making the evaluation results of the weathering state of the rock mass more accurate; an active thermal excitation system is adopted, and a laser thermal excitation device is used for continuous heating, which solves the problem of no abnormality in the temperature field distribution of the rock mass. At the same time, the requirements for the on-site environmental conditions of the rock mass are not high, the instrument is easy to operate, and the applicability is high.

[0116] The above exemplary shows the rock mass shallow surface weathering evaluation method 100 according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device 200 .

[0117] Reference Figure 2 An example electronic device 200 for implementing the rock mass shallow surface weathering evaluation method of the embodiment of the present application is described. The electronic device 200 may include an image fusion module 210, a division module 220, a first data acquisition module 230, a second data acquisition module 240, a third data acquisition module 250 and an evaluation parameter acquisition module 260, wherein:

[0118] An image fusion module is used to fuse a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among the thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally excited state with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state;

[0119] A division module is used to divide the fused image formed by image fusion into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks;

[0120] The first data acquisition module is used to obtain the required parameters, including: the average temperature of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area at different times under thermal excitation, the exposed crack area, the exposed crack trace length and the lowest temperature at different times under thermal excitation of each exposed crack area, the area of ​​each buried crack area and the highest temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of buried crack areas, the area of ​​each general area and the average temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of general areas;

[0121] The second data acquisition module is used to acquire rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated based on the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions, and the required parameters, including: exposed fracture volume, average burial depth of buried fracture area, average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and weathering depth;

[0122] A third data acquisition module is used to obtain the reduction coefficient for evaluation based on the rock mass data and the surface layer condition of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: the weathering index reduction coefficient of exposed fissures, the weathering index reduction coefficient of buried fissures, the density reduction coefficient, the heat absorption reduction coefficient, the weathering depth reduction coefficient and the surface layer reduction coefficient;

[0123] An evaluation parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the weathering evaluation parameter ω based on the evaluation reduction coefficient using the hierarchical analysis method. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0124] The electronic device 200 proposed in the present application meets the requirements of non-destructive and non-contact rock mass detection, avoids the inaccuracy of single indicator evaluation, and can realize rapid and efficient evaluation of the weathering state of the rock mass.

[0125] refer to Figure 3 , the evaluation device 300 for implementing the evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present application includes a processor 310 and a memory 320. The evaluation device 300 may include one or more processors 310 and one or more memories 320. The memory 320 stores an executable program run by the processor 310, and when the executable program is run by the processor 310, the processor 310 executes the evaluation method 100 according to the embodiment of the present application described above.

[0126] The processor 310 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 300 to perform desired functions.

[0127] The memory 320 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 310 may run the program instructions to implement the client functions (implemented by the processor) in the embodiments of the present application described herein and / or other desired functions. Various applications and various data may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium, such as various data used and / or generated by the application, etc.

[0128] The evaluation device 300 may also include an input device (not shown) and an output device (not shown), and these components are interconnected via a bus system (not shown) and / or other forms of connection mechanisms. Figure 3 The components and structures of the evaluation device 300 shown are merely exemplary and non-limiting. The electronic device 300 may also have other components and structures as required.

[0129] The input device may be a device used by a user to input instructions, and may include one or more of a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a touch screen, etc. In addition, the input device may also be any interface for receiving information.

[0130] The output device may output various information (eg, images or sounds) to the outside (eg, a user), and may include one or more of a display, a speaker, etc. In addition, the output device may also be any other device with an output function.

[0131] Exemplarily, the example evaluation device 300 for implementing the evaluation method 100 according to the embodiment of the present application can be applied to terminal devices (such as mobile phones), tablet computers, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (ultra-mobile personal computers, UMPCs), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart glasses or smart helmets, etc.), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) devices, smart home devices, car computers and other electronic devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this.

[0132] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific operation of the evaluation device 300 for implementing the evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present application in combination with the contents described above. For the sake of brevity, the specific details are not repeated here, and only some main operations of the processor 310 are described.

[0133] In one embodiment of the present application, when the executable program is executed by the processor 310, the processor 310 executes the following steps: fusing a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among multiple thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally stimulated state with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state; dividing the fused image formed by the image fusion into a smooth area, an exposed crack area, a buried crack area and a general area according to the average temperature of the region and the presence or absence of cracks; obtaining required parameters, including: the average temperature of the smooth area with the lowest average temperature in the smooth area at different times under thermal stimulation, the exposed crack area, the exposed crack trace length and the minimum temperature corresponding to different times under thermal stimulation of each exposed crack area, the area of ​​each buried crack area and the maximum temperature corresponding to different times under thermal stimulation and the buried crack area. The total number of gap zones, the area of ​​each general zone and the average temperature corresponding to different times under thermal excitation, and the total number of general zones; based on the average temperature and heat flux density corresponding to different times of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated under the same conditions of thermal excitation, and the required parameters, the rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated are obtained, including: the exposed crack volume, the average burial depth of the buried crack zone, the average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, the average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and the weathering depth; based on the rock mass data and the surface layer conditions of the rock mass to be evaluated, the reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained, including: the weathering index reduction coefficient of the exposed cracks, the weathering index reduction coefficient of the buried cracks, the density reduction coefficient, the heat absorption reduction coefficient, the weathering depth reduction coefficient, and the surface layer reduction coefficient; based on the evaluation reduction coefficients, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more severe the rock weathering is.

[0134] In one embodiment of the present application, when the executable program is executed by the processor 310, the processor 310 further performs the following steps: * The numerical value of is classified to determine the weathering grade of the rock mass to be evaluated, specifically: when 0.0≤ω * ≤0.2 is completely weathered, when 0.2<ω * ≤0.4 is strong weathering, when 0.4<ω * ≤0.6 is moderate weathering, when 0.6<ω *≤0.8 is slightly weathered, when 0.8<ω * When ≤1.0, it is not weathered.

[0135] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is run by a processor, it is used to execute the corresponding steps of the evaluation method of the embodiment of the present application. The storage medium may include, for example, a memory card of a smart phone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media.

[0136] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the evaluation method of the embodiment of the present application.

[0137] Although example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above example embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application to this. Those of ordinary skill in the art may make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All these changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as required by the appended claims.

[0138] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0140] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0141] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present application and help understand one or more of the various application aspects, in the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the method of the present application should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: the claimed application requires more features than the features clearly stated in each claim. More specifically, as reflected in the corresponding claims, the inventive point is that the corresponding technical problem can be solved with features less than all the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the specific embodiment are hereby explicitly incorporated into the specific embodiment, wherein each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of the present application.

[0142] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, except for mutually exclusive features, all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0143] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0144] The various component embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that a microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) can be used in practice to implement some or all functions of some modules according to the embodiments of the present application. The application can also be implemented as a device program (e.g., computer program and computer program product) for executing a part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the present application can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can have the form of one or more signals. Such a signal can be downloaded from an Internet website, or provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0145] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the present application rather than limit the present application, and that those skilled in the art may design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets should not be constructed as a limitation to the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "one" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements. The present application may be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim that lists several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

[0146] The above is only a specific implementation or description of a specific implementation of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating weathering of shallow rock surface, characterized in that: The evaluation method includes: fusing a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements among multiple thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated in a thermally stimulated state with a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in a natural state; The fused image formed by image fusion is divided into smooth area, exposed crack area, buried crack area and general area according to the regional average temperature and the presence or absence of cracks; Obtain required parameters, including: the average temperature of the smooth zone with the lowest average temperature in the smooth zone at different times under thermal excitation, the exposed crack area, exposed crack trace length and the lowest temperature at different times under thermal excitation of each exposed crack zone, the area of ​​each buried crack zone and the highest temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of buried crack zones, the area of ​​each general zone and the average temperature at different times under thermal excitation and the total number of general zones; Based on the average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions, and the required parameters, obtain rock mass data of the rock mass to be evaluated, including: exposed fracture volume, average burial depth of buried fracture area, average density of the rock mass to be evaluated, average thermal conductivity of the rock mass to be evaluated, and weathering depth; Based on the rock mass data and the surface layer condition of the rock mass to be evaluated, reduction coefficients for evaluation are obtained, including: reduction coefficient ω1 for weathering index of exposed fissures, reduction coefficient ω2 for weathering index of buried fissures, reduction coefficient ω3 for density, reduction coefficient ω4 for heat absorption, reduction coefficient ω5 for weathering depth and reduction coefficient ω6 for surface layer; Based on the evaluation reduction coefficient, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method. * , 0≤ω * ≤1; wherein the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The size of represents the different weathering degrees of the rock mass. When the weathering evaluation parameter ω * The smaller it is, the more serious the rock weathering is; Among them, the weathering evaluation parameter ω is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method based on the evaluation reduction coefficient. * ,include: Each evaluation is reduced by the reduction factor ω i Compare them two by two, score them according to their importance, and construct a judgment matrix U = [u 6×6 ], each element u in the matrix U xy Represents ω x Relative to ω y Importance score; where x = 1, 2, 3...6, y = 1, 2, 3...6, i = 1, 2, 3...6; Substitute into the formula │[u 6×6 ]-λ j │=0, where j=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, we get (λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5,λ6), and take the maximum value Max{λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5,λ6}=λ max ; Substitute into the formula ([u 6×6 ][v 1×6 ] T =λ max [v 1×6 ] T , calculate the maximum eigenvalue λ max The corresponding eigenvector V = [v 1×6 ]=(v1,v2,v3,v4,v5,v6); Perform consistency check on the judgment matrix U and calculate the consistency index Calculating the consistency ratio Among them, RI is the random consistency index. When CR<0.1, it indicates that the consistency of the hierarchical analysis matrix meets the requirements. At this time, the maximum eigenvalue λ of the matrix is max The corresponding eigenvector V = (v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) is the corresponding reduction factor ω for each evaluation i The weight distribution of Calculation of weathering evaluation parameters 2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtain a thermal infrared image that meets the selected requirements from multiple thermal infrared images of the rock mass to be evaluated under thermal excitation conditions, including: A series of thermal infrared images are obtained at different times for the rock mass to be evaluated under thermal excitation that meets the heating conditions, and the last thermal infrared image in the series of thermal infrared images is selected in chronological order; and / or Obtain a visible light image of the rock mass to be evaluated in its natural state; wherein the natural state refers to the natural state without thermal stimulation; and / or The average temperature and heat flux density of the surface of the unweathered rock mass corresponding to the rock mass to be evaluated at different times under the same thermal excitation conditions are obtained; wherein the unweathered rock mass refers to the same type of rock mass as the unweathered rock mass to be evaluated.

3. The evaluation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes thermal stimulation of the rock mass to be evaluated: The heating conditions refer to: when the heating is completed, the temperature of the rock mass to be evaluated rises by at least 20°C, and the temperature difference is greater than 5°C; and / or The rock mass to be evaluated is subjected to laser thermal excitation with adjustable power and adjustable range. The heating source is 1-2m away from the rock mass to be evaluated, and the maximum temperature of the thermal excitation does not exceed 50°C.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock surface in the fused image is smooth and flat without cracks, the average temperature of the region is 0-1.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time in the thermal infrared image in the fused image, and the difference between the lowest and highest temperatures in the region is less than 0.3℃, which is a smooth area; There is a closed boundary line in the visible light image at the exposed crack in the fusion image, and the area surrounded by the boundary line is the exposed crack area; In the fused image, a closed isotherm is drawn around the buried fracture, which is 2-3.5℃ higher than the average temperature of the unweathered rock mass at the same heating time as the thermal infrared image in the fused image. The area surrounded by the isotherm is the buried fracture area. The remaining area in the fused image after removing the smooth area, exposed crack area and buried crack area is the general area.

5. The evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Weathering evaluation parameter ω * The numerical value of is classified to determine the weathering grade of the rock mass to be evaluated, specifically: when 0.0≤ω * ≤0.2 is completely weathered, when 0.2<ω * ≤0.4 is strong weathering, when 0.4<ω * ≤0.6 is moderate weathering, when 0.6<ω * ≤0.8 is slightly weathered, when 0.8<ω * When ≤1.0, it is not weathered.

6. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific heat capacity c of the unweathered rock mass and the average temperature T corresponding to different times t r and heat flux q w Substitute the temperature difference function Solving for the average density ρ r , average thermal conductivity λ r ; The minimum temperature T corresponding to each exposed crack area at different time t fmin Substitute into the thermal conductivity formula Assuming that the exposed crack is semi-disk-shaped, the internal surface area of ​​the exposed crack is Substitute into the formula in S f is the exposed crack area, l f is the corresponding exposed crack trace length, and the exposed crack depth h is obtained f , and further obtain the exposed fracture volume The maximum temperature T corresponding to each buried fracture zone at different time t Bmax Substitute into the depth calculation formula in T0 is the temperature of the rock mass to be evaluated before heating, and h B The curve of change with time t, select the first time to meet the time sequence Time B The value of is taken as the average burial depth of the buried fracture zone; The average temperature T corresponding to each general area at different times t Cg and the total number of general areas N C Substitute the temperature difference function Solve for the average density ρ of each general area f and the average thermal conductivity λ f , where g = 1, 2, 3 ... N C ; The smoothing area with the lowest average temperature is based on the average temperature T corresponding to different times t. S The average temperature of formation T S The fitting curve between time t is obtained The fitting curve between time t is used to process the average temperature T corresponding to different time t on the surface of unweathered rock. r The average temperature of formation T r The fitting curve between time t is obtained The fitting curve between time t, at T s =T r Under the conditions of Temperature coordinates at Substitute into the formula in, The weathering depth H is calculated.

7. The evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: All exposed fractures in the rock mass to be evaluated are divided into two groups according to the exposed fracture volume V f According to V f ≤1cm 3 , 1cm 3 <V f ≤10cm 3 、10cm 3 <V f ≤100cm 3 and V f >100cm 3 Divide into micro-cracks, small cracks, medium cracks and large cracks, and determine the number of micro-cracks N f1 、Number of small cracks f2 、Number of medium-sized cracks f3 and the number of large cracks N f4 , where the reduction factors for micro cracks, small cracks, medium cracks and large cracks are K f1 =0.0001, K f2 =0.004, K f3 =0.08, K f4 =0.4; The fracture network diagram of all fractures in the fused image is extracted and divided into three levels according to the connectivity of each exposed fracture in the fracture network diagram: when there is basically no connectivity, the corresponding reduction factor K c Take 0.95 <K c ≤1.0, when a small number of connections are connected, the corresponding reduction factor is K c Take 0.8 <K c ≤0.95, when a large area is connected, the corresponding reduction factor K c Take 0.5≤K c ≤0.8; Calculate the weathering index reduction factor of exposed cracks β=1,2,3,4; All buried fracture areas of the rock mass to be evaluated are divided into the following categories according to the area S of the buried fracture area: B According to 1cm 2 The group interval is divided into 100 groups, based on the average burial depth h of the buried fracture area. B Divide into 50 groups according to 1 cm as the group interval, and establish the reduction coefficient matrix R = [K 100×50 ], K mn The reduction coefficients corresponding to the buried fracture areas whose area is in the mth group and whose average buried depth is in the nth group are represented by m=1,2,...100, n=1,2,...

50. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to score and assign values ​​to each element. The K corresponding to the pth buried crack region mn Defined as the reduction factor K for this area p ; p=1,2,3…,N B ,N B is the total number of buried fracture areas; Calculation of weathering index reduction factor for buried fractures The average density of all general regions ρ f and the average thermal conductivity λ f Bring in The average density ρ of the rock mass to be evaluated is obtained * and the average heat absorption coefficient λ * , where S Cg is the area of ​​each corresponding general area; Calculate the density reduction factor Calculate the heat reduction factor Calculation of weathering depth reduction factor H * is the maximum depth of thermal excitation in the rock mass to be evaluated.

8. A rock surface weathering evaluation device, characterized in that: The evaluation device comprises: A memory for storing computer executable instructions; A processor, configured to implement the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer executable instructions stored in the memory.

9. A storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein: The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images