Tunnel ventilation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a tunnel ventilation device, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and includes an air supply mechanism, an air collection and exhaust mechanism, a wind shield mechanism and an air outlet pipe; the air supply mechanism includes a jet fan arranged outside the tunnel and an air supply pipe extending into the tunnel; the air collection and exhaust mechanism includes a base, which is arranged in the tunnel and close to the tunnel face, and a collecting box is arranged on the base, and the collecting box includes a fixed box body and a telescopic corrugated box body, the fixed box body is fixed on the base, and the telescopic corrugated box body is arranged on the side of the fixed box body facing the outside of the tunnel, and one end of the air supply pipe located in the tunnel is arranged in the telescopic corrugated box body, and the side of the telescopic corrugated box body facing the outside of the tunnel is provided with an exhaust port and a blocking plate for closing the exhaust port, and the collecting box is also provided with a driving member for opening the blocking plate and driving the telescopic corrugated box body to compress. The present invention can quickly discharge the dirty air with a high concentration near the tunnel face, and reduce the time required for ventilation and the energy consumption of the ventilation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular to a tunnel ventilation device. Background Art

[0002] The design and construction of roads often pass through many mountains, so tunnels are needed to meet the needs of use. Due to the closed structure of the tunnel, the exhaust gas generated by mechanical operations, the smoke generated by blasting, and the toxic and harmful gases overflowing from the strata during the construction process will accumulate in the tunnel, threatening the health of workers and construction safety. In order to improve the working environment of tunnel construction and protect the health of workers, effective ventilation measures must be taken.

[0003] During the current tunnel construction process, the gas output by the jet fan is usually transported from the tunnel entrance to the tunnel face through an air supply pipe, and the dirty air in the tunnel is replaced by fresh air to achieve a ventilation effect for the tunnel.

[0004] However, during the ventilation process, the polluted air with the highest concentration near the face needs to pass through the entire tunnel before it can be discharged out of the tunnel. It takes a long time for the air quality in the tunnel to reach the standard for construction operations, and the energy consumption is relatively high in the process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel ventilation device, which can quickly discharge the dirty air with a high concentration near the tunnel face, thereby reducing the time required for the ventilation process and reducing the energy consumption during the ventilation process.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a tunnel ventilation device, including an air supply mechanism, an air collection and exhaust mechanism, a wind shield mechanism and an air outlet pipe; the air supply mechanism includes a jet fan and an air supply pipe, the jet fan is arranged outside the tunnel, and the air supply pipe extends into the tunnel; the air collection and exhaust mechanism includes a base, the base is arranged in the tunnel and close to the tunnel face, a collecting box is arranged on the base, the collecting box includes a fixed box body and a telescopic corrugated box body, the fixed box body is fixedly arranged on the base, the telescopic corrugated box body is arranged on the side of the fixed box body facing outside the tunnel, the telescopic direction of the telescopic corrugated box body is consistent with the depth direction of the tunnel, and the air supply pipe One end located in the tunnel is connected to a telescopic corrugated box body, and an exhaust port and a sealing plate for closing the exhaust port are arranged on the side of the telescopic corrugated box body facing outside the tunnel. The collecting box is also provided with a driving member for opening the sealing plate and driving the telescopic corrugated box body to compress; the wind shield mechanism includes a bottom plate, which is arranged in the tunnel and has a spacing with the collecting and exhausting mechanism, and a wind shield plate adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, and a collecting bucket is arranged at one end of the wind shield plate facing outside the tunnel, and the area of ​​the collecting bucket close to the wind shield plate is larger than the area of ​​the end of the collecting bucket away from the wind shield plate, and one end of the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the collecting bucket, and the other end extends to the outside of the tunnel.

[0007] Furthermore, the blocking plate is hingedly arranged in the telescopic corrugated box body, the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box body is a steel plate, and a magnetic suction strip capable of engaging with the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box body is embedded on one side of the blocking plate away from the hinged end.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving member includes a driving seat and two driving electric cylinders. Support seats are provided on both sides of the fixed box body. The cylinder barrels of the two driving electric cylinders are respectively fixed on the two support seats. The driving seat is located on the side of the collecting box facing outside the tunnel and the width of the driving seat is greater than the width of the collecting box. The piston rods of the driving electric cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the driving seat. The bottom of the driving seat has multiple toggle rods for opening the sealing plate distributed at intervals along its own length direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the toggle rod is inclined downward and extends toward the sealing plate, the bottom end of the toggle rod is provided with an arc-shaped bending section, the bottom of the support seat is also provided with an abutment seat for increasing the rotation angle of the sealing plate, and the top ends of the multiple toggle rods are fixedly connected to the abutment seat.

[0010] Furthermore, guide rods are provided at the four corners of the fixed box body, a guide hole is provided on a side of the telescopic corrugated box body away from the fixed box body, and a plurality of guide rods correspond to a plurality of guide holes one by one and are slidably matched.

[0011] Furthermore, a spray mechanism is provided in the collection box, and the spray mechanism is located above the exhaust port. The spray mechanism includes a water storage tank, a water guide assembly and a spray pipe. The water storage tank is arranged on the top of the fixed box body, and a mounting seat is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the fixed box body on the side facing the telescopic corrugated box body. The water guide assembly and the spray pipe are both fixedly provided on the mounting seat, and the water outlet end of the spray pipe extends to the outside of the telescopic corrugated box body.

[0012] Furthermore, the water guide assembly includes a water guide cylinder, a water inlet pipe is provided at the upper part of the water guide cylinder near one end of the mounting seat, the water inlet pipe is connected to the water tank, a water outlet pipe is provided at the lower part of the water guide cylinder near one end of the mounting seat, the water outlet pipe is connected to the spray pipe, a piston head is provided in the water guide cylinder along its own length direction, a piston rod is provided at the end of the piston head away from the mounting seat, and the end of the piston rod away from the piston head extends out of the water guide cylinder and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic corrugated box body facing the fixed box body.

[0013] Furthermore, a first one-way valve is provided in the water inlet pipe, and a second one-way valve is provided in the water outlet pipe. When the piston head moves toward the end away from the mounting seat, the first one-way valve is in an open state and the second one-way valve is in a closed state; when the piston head moves toward the end close to the mounting seat, the first one-way valve is in a closed state and the second one-way valve is in an open state.

[0014] Furthermore, a disc-shaped seat is arranged at the bottom of the base plate, and the base plate is rotatably arranged on the upper part of the disc-shaped seat.

[0015] Furthermore, a telescopic corrugated section is provided on the air supply pipe, and the telescopic corrugated section is located between the air collecting and exhausting mechanism and the wind shielding mechanism.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention collects and centrally discharges fresh air by arranging a collecting and exhausting mechanism near the tunnel face, separates a relatively closed space near the tunnel face by arranging a wind shield mechanism, and arranges an air outlet pipe on the wind shield mechanism to transport the polluted air between the wind shield mechanism and the tunnel face. The centrally discharged fresh air can replace the polluted air and discharge the polluted air to the outside of the tunnel through the air outlet pipe, thereby increasing the discharge speed of the polluted air, rapidly reducing the concentration of the polluted air near the tunnel face, and reducing the time required for the ventilation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tunnel ventilation device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air supply pipe, the air collecting and exhausting mechanism, the wind shielding mechanism and the air outlet pipe of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air collecting and exhausting mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blocking plate and the driving member of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving seat, the toggle rod and the abutment seat of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spray mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water guide assembly, the spray pipe and the mounting seat of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part A;

[0027] Icons: 1-air supply mechanism, 11-jet fan, 12-air supply pipe, 121-telescopic corrugated section, 2-collection and exhaust mechanism, 21-base, 22-collection box, 221-fixed box, 2211-support seat, 2212-guide rod, 222-telescopic corrugated box, 2221-exhaust port, 2222-blocking plate, 2223-magnetic suction strip, 2224-guide hole, 23-driving part, 231-driving seat, 232-driving electric cylinder, 233-sliding rod, 233 1-arc bending section, 234-abutment seat, 3-wind shield mechanism, 31-bottom plate, 311-disc seat, 32-wind shield plate, 33-collecting bucket, 4-air outlet pipe, 5-tunnel, 51-heading face, 6-spraying mechanism, 61-water storage tank, 62-water guide assembly, 621-water guide cylinder, 622-water inlet pipe, 6221-first one-way valve, 623-water outlet pipe, 6231-second one-way valve, 624-piston head, 625-piston rod, 63-spraying pipe, 64-mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The following is further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a tunnel ventilation device, including an air supply mechanism 1 for delivering external fresh air into the vicinity of the tunnel face 51, a collecting and exhausting mechanism 2 for collecting fresh air and exhausting it centrally, a wind shielding mechanism 3 for blocking the discharge of polluted air through the entire cross-section of the tunnel 5, and an air outlet pipe 4 for conveying polluted air.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the air supply mechanism 1 includes a jet fan 11 and an air supply pipe 12. A mounting frame is arranged at the bottom of the jet fan 11, and the mounting frame is arranged outside the tunnel 5. One end of the air supply pipe 12 is connected to the air outlet of the jet fan 11, and the other end extends into the tunnel 5; the collecting and exhausting mechanism 2 includes a base 21, which is arranged in the tunnel 5 and close to the tunnel face 51 of the tunnel 5. A collecting box 22 is arranged on the base 21, and the collecting box 22 includes a fixed box body 221 and a telescopic corrugated box body 222. The fixed box body 221 is welded to the base 21 through a support, and the telescopic corrugated box body 222 is arranged on the side of the fixed box body 221 facing the outside of the tunnel 5. The telescopic direction of the telescopic corrugated box body 222 is consistent with the depth direction of the tunnel 5. One end of the air supply pipe 12 located in the tunnel 5 is connected to the air supply pipe 12 arranged in the tunnel 5. Inside the telescopic corrugated box 222, an exhaust port 2221 and a blocking plate 2222 for closing the exhaust port 2221 are arranged on the side of the telescopic corrugated box 222 facing the outside of the tunnel 5, and the collecting box 22 is also provided with a driving member 23 for opening the blocking plate 2222 and driving the telescopic corrugated box 222 to compress; the wind shield mechanism 3 includes a bottom plate 31, the bottom plate 31 is arranged in the tunnel 5 and has a spacing with the collecting and exhausting mechanism 2, a wind shield plate 32 adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel 5 is vertically arranged on the bottom plate 31, and a collecting bucket 33 is arranged at one end of the wind shield plate 32 facing the outside of the tunnel 5, and the area of ​​the collecting bucket 33 close to the wind shield plate 32 is larger than the area of ​​the end of the collecting bucket 33 away from the wind shield plate 32, and one end of the air outlet pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the collecting bucket 33, and the other end extends to the outside of the tunnel 5.

[0033] The jet fan 11 delivers external fresh air to the collection box 22 through the air supply pipe 12, so that the air pressure in the collection box 22 gradually increases. When the air pressure increases to a specified value, the telescopic corrugated box 222 can be extended. At this time, the driving member 23 is started. The driving member 23 first opens the sealing plate 2222 to open the exhaust port 2221, and then the driving member 23 continues to drive the telescopic bellows to compress, so that the fresh air collected in the collection box 22 is concentrated and discharged to the area near the tunnel face 51. Under the blocking effect of the wind shield plate 32, a relatively sealed space is formed in the tunnel 5. The air pressure in the area near the tunnel face 51 increases, and the dirty air enters the air outlet pipe 4 through the collection bucket 33 and is discharged to the outside of the tunnel 5 through the air outlet pipe 4. Then the driving member 23 moves back to the initial position, and the gas input by the jet fan 11 continues to extend the telescopic corrugated box 222, and then the telescopic corrugated box 222 is driven to compress by the driving member 23 to realize a periodic exhaust process. Since the dirty air is discharged in a centralized manner and does not need to pass through the entire cross section of the tunnel 5, the discharge speed is faster, which reduces the time required for the ventilation process. At the same time, since the working time of the jet fan 11 is greatly reduced, the energy consumption during the ventilation process is reduced.

[0034] Reference Figure 3As shown, the four corners of the fixed box 221 are fixedly connected with guide rods 2212, and a guide hole 2224 is provided on a side of the telescopic corrugated box 222 away from the fixed box 221, and a plurality of guide rods 2212 correspond to and slide with a plurality of guide holes 2224 one by one. During the movement of the telescopic corrugated box 222, the guide rods 2212 can guide the telescopic corrugated box 222, thereby ensuring that the telescopic direction of the telescopic corrugated box 222 is consistent with the depth direction of the tunnel 5 without deviation or bending.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the air supply pipe 12 is provided with a telescopic corrugated section 121, and the telescopic corrugated section 121 is located between the air collecting and exhausting mechanism 2 and the wind shielding mechanism 3. When the telescopic corrugated box 222 is compressed, the connection position between the air supply pipe 12 and the telescopic corrugated box 222 will change synchronously. By providing the telescopic corrugated section 121 on the air supply pipe 12, the change of the connection position can be adapted, thereby improving the stability of the connection part between the air supply pipe 12 and the telescopic corrugated box 222.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the blocking plate 2222 is hingedly arranged in the telescopic corrugated box 222, the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box 222 is a steel plate, and a magnetic suction strip 2223 capable of being attracted to the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box 222 is embedded on the side of the blocking plate 2222 away from the hinged end. In the initial state, the sealing plate 2222 is in a vertical state under the action of gravity, and the magnetic suction strip 2223 is attracted to the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box body 222, thereby achieving the sealing effect on the exhaust port 2221, and in the process of increasing air pressure in the collection box 22, the sealing plate 2222 can be further pressed against the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box body 222 under the action of air pressure, thereby ensuring the sealing effect on the exhaust port 2221. When subjected to the external force of the driving member 23, the sealing plate 2222 rotates and opens the exhaust port 2221, so that the fresh air collected in the collection box 22 can be discharged from the exhaust port 2221.

[0037] After the dirty air near the face 51 is discharged for a period of time by collecting and exhausting the air mechanism 2, the dirty air concentration in the face 51 is reduced to the same level as the dirty air concentration at other locations in the tunnel 5. At this time, it is no longer necessary to block the face 51 by the wind shield mechanism 3, but it is necessary to directly allow fresh air to flow through the entire tunnel 5, so that the concentration of dirty air in the entire tunnel 5 is further reduced. In this process, in order to facilitate the reduction of the blocking effect of the wind shield mechanism 3, a disc-shaped seat 311 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 31, and the bottom plate 31 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the disc-shaped seat 311. By rotating the bottom plate 31 by 90°, the wind shield 32 is changed from being parallel to the cross section of the tunnel 5 to being perpendicular to the cross section of the tunnel 5. In this state, the dirty air can pass smoothly through the tunnel 5. It should be noted that the air outlet pipe 4 is a bendable flexible pipe that can adapt to changes in the position of the wind shield 32.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the driving member 23 includes a driving seat 231 and two driving electric cylinders 232. Support seats 2211 are welded on both sides of the fixed box body 221. The cylinder barrels of the two driving electric cylinders 232 are respectively fixedly installed on the two support seats 2211. The driving seat 231 is located on the side of the collecting box 22 facing the outside of the tunnel 5 and the width of the driving seat 231 is greater than the width of the collecting box 22. The piston rods 625 of the driving electric cylinders 232 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the driving seat 231. The bottom of the driving seat 231 is provided with a plurality of toggle rods 233 for opening the sealing plate 2222, which are spaced apart along its own length direction. When the telescopic corrugated box 222 is extended to a specified length, the driving electric cylinder 232 is started and the piston rod 625 of the driving electric cylinder 232 is moved into the cylinder barrel, driving the driving seat 231 to move in the direction close to the telescopic corrugated box 222, and the toggle rod 233 first contacts the blocking plate 2222 and drives the blocking plate 2222 to open, and then the driving seat 231 abuts against the telescopic corrugated box 222 and drives the telescopic corrugated box 222 to compress, so that the fresh air in the collection box 22 is discharged in a concentrated manner, and the air pressure in the area formed between the wind shield 32 and the heading face 51 increases rapidly, thereby pressing the dirty air into the collecting bucket 33 and discharged to the outside of the tunnel 5 through the air outlet pipe 4.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the toggle rod 233 is tilted downward and extends toward the blocking plate 2222. The bottom end of the toggle rod 233 is provided with an arc-shaped bending section 2331. When the toggle rod 233 abuts against the blocking plate 2222 and drives the blocking plate 2222 to rotate, the contact position between the toggle rod 233 and the blocking plate 2222 is constantly changing. The arc-shaped bending section 2331 can reduce the friction force in the process of changing the contact position, thereby reducing wear. The bottom of the support seat 2211 is also provided with an abutment seat 234 for increasing the rotation angle of the blocking plate 2222. The top ends of the multiple toggle rods 233 are fixedly connected to the abutment seat 234. When the toggle rod 233 drives the blocking plate 2222 to rotate to the specified position, the blocking plate 2222 cannot be driven to continue rotating. However, since the abutment seat 234 is located above the toggle rod 233, it can abut against the blocking plate 2222 and continue to drive the blocking plate 2222 to rotate a certain angle. Therefore, the rotation angle of the blocking plate 2222 can be increased, and the air outlet area of ​​the exhaust port 2221 can be increased, thereby improving the concentration of the fresh air exhaust process.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, a spray mechanism 6 is also arranged in the collection box 22. The spray mechanism 6 is located above the exhaust port 2221 and can spray water mist during the exhaust process of the exhaust port 2221 to achieve a dust reduction effect. The spray mechanism 6 includes a water storage tank 61, multiple groups of water guide components 62 and multiple spray pipes 63. The water storage tank 61 is installed on the top of the fixed box body 221. Multiple mounting seats 64 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the fixed box body 221 facing the telescopic corrugated box body 222. Each mounting seat 64 is correspondingly provided with a group of water guide components 62 and a spray pipe 63. The water outlet end of the spray pipe 63 extends to the outside of the telescopic corrugated box body 222. Multiple spray pipes 63 spray water mist at the same time to improve the dust reduction effect.

[0041] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the water guide assembly 62 includes a water guide cylinder 621, and a water inlet pipe 622 is provided at the upper part of the water guide cylinder 621 near the mounting seat 64, and the water inlet pipe 622 is connected to the water storage tank 61. A water outlet pipe 623 is provided at the lower part of the water guide cylinder 621 near the mounting seat 64, and the water outlet pipe 623 is connected to the spray pipe 63. A piston head 624 is slidably provided in the water guide cylinder 621 along its own length direction, and a piston rod 625 is provided at one end of the piston head 624 away from the mounting seat 64. The end of the piston rod 625 away from the piston head 624 extends out of the water guide cylinder 621 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic corrugated box body 222 facing the fixed box body 221. A first one-way valve 6221 is provided in the water inlet pipe 622, and a second one-way valve 6231 is provided in the water outlet pipe 623. When the telescopic bellows box 222 is stretched, the piston head 624 is driven to move toward the end away from the mounting seat 64. At this time, the first one-way valve 6221 is in an open state, and the water in the water storage tank 61 can be introduced into the water guide cylinder 621 from the water inlet pipe 622. The second one-way valve 6231 is in a closed state, and the water will not be introduced into the spray pipe 63; when the telescopic bellows box 222 is compressed, the piston head 624 moves toward the end close to the mounting seat 64, the first one-way valve 6221 is in a closed state, and the water in the water guide cylinder 621 will not be pressed back into the water storage tank 61. The second one-way valve 6231 is in an open state, and the water in the water guide cylinder 621 can be introduced into the spray pipe 63, and the water is atomized and discharged from the multiple water outlet holes at the end of the water guide cylinder 621 located outside the telescopic bellows box 222.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation device, characterized in that: It comprises an air supply mechanism (1), an air collection and exhaust mechanism (2), a wind shielding mechanism (3) and an air outlet pipe (4); The air supply mechanism (1) comprises a jet fan (11) and an air supply pipe (12), wherein the jet fan (11) is arranged outside the tunnel (5), and the air supply pipe (12) extends into the tunnel (5); The collecting and exhausting mechanism (2) comprises a base (21), the base (21) being arranged in the tunnel (5) and closely attached to the tunnel face (51) of the tunnel (5), the base (21) being provided with a collecting box (22), the collecting box (22) comprising a fixed box body (221) and a telescopic corrugated box body (222), the fixed box body (221) being fixedly arranged on the base (21), the telescopic corrugated box body (222) being arranged on a side of the fixed box body (221) facing the outside of the tunnel (5), and the telescopic corrugated box body (222) being arranged on a side of the fixed box body (221) facing the outside of the tunnel (5), The telescopic direction of the body (222) is consistent with the depth direction of the tunnel (5); one end of the air supply pipe (12) located in the tunnel (5) is connected and arranged in the telescopic corrugated box body (222); a side of the telescopic corrugated box body (222) facing the outside of the tunnel (5) is provided with an exhaust port (2221) and a blocking plate (2222) for closing the exhaust port (2221); and a driving member (23) for opening the blocking plate (2222) and driving the telescopic corrugated box body (222) to compress is also arranged on the collection box (22); The wind shielding mechanism (3) comprises a bottom plate (31), the bottom plate (31) being arranged in the tunnel (5) and having a spacing with the air collecting and exhausting mechanism (2), a wind shield (32) being arranged vertically on the bottom plate (31) and matching the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel (5), a collecting bucket (33) being arranged at one end of the wind shield (32) facing the outside of the tunnel (5), the area of ​​the collecting bucket (33) being close to the wind shield (32) being larger than the area of ​​the end of the collecting bucket (33) being far from the wind shield (32), and one end of the air outlet pipe (4) being fixedly connected to the collecting bucket (33) and the other end extending to the outside of the tunnel (5).

2. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking plate (2222) is hingedly arranged in the telescopic corrugated box (222); the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box (222) is a steel plate; a magnetic suction strip (2223) capable of being attracted to the end plate of the telescopic corrugated box (222) is embedded on the side of the blocking plate (2222) away from the hinged end.

3. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (23) comprises a driving seat (231) and two driving electric cylinders (232); support seats (2211) are provided on both sides of the fixed box body (221); cylinder barrels of the two driving electric cylinders (232) are respectively fixedly provided on the two supporting seats (2211); the driving seat (231) is located on the side of the collection box (22) facing the outside of the tunnel (5); the width of the driving seat (231) is greater than the width of the collection box (22); piston rods (625) of the driving electric cylinders (232) are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the driving seat (231); and a plurality of toggle rods (233) for opening the blocking plate (2222) are spaced apart at the bottom of the driving seat (231) along its length direction.

4. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The toggle rod (233) is inclined downward and extends toward the blocking plate (2222); the bottom end of the toggle rod (233) is provided with an arc-shaped bending section (2331); the bottom of the support seat (2211) is also provided with an abutment seat (234) for increasing the rotation angle of the blocking plate (2222); the top ends of the plurality of toggle rods (233) are fixedly connected to the abutment seat (234).

5. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the fixed box body (221) are each provided with a guide rod (2212); a guide hole (2224) is provided on a side of the telescopic corrugated box body (222) away from the fixed box body (221); and a plurality of the guide rods (2212) correspond to a plurality of the guide holes (2224) one by one and are slidably matched.

6. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spray mechanism (6) is arranged in the collecting box (22); the spray mechanism (6) is located above the air outlet (2221); the spray mechanism (6) comprises a water storage tank (61), a water guide assembly (62) and a spray pipe (63); the water storage tank (61) is arranged on the top of the fixed box body (221); a mounting seat (64) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the fixed box body (221) on a side facing the telescopic corrugated box body (222); the water guide assembly (62) and the spray pipe (63) are both fixedly arranged on the mounting seat (64); and the water outlet end of the spray pipe (63) extends to the outside of the telescopic corrugated box body (222).

7. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water guide assembly (62) comprises a water guide cylinder (621), wherein an upper portion of the water guide cylinder (621) close to one end of the mounting seat (64) is provided with a water inlet pipe (622), wherein the water inlet pipe (622) is communicated with the water storage tank (61), and a lower portion of the water guide cylinder (621) close to one end of the mounting seat (64) is provided with a water outlet pipe (623), wherein the water outlet pipe (623) is communicated with the spray pipe (63), and a piston head (624) is slidably arranged in the water guide cylinder (621) along its length direction, and a piston rod (625) is arranged at one end of the piston head (624) away from the mounting seat (64), and one end of the piston rod (625) away from the piston head (624) extends out of the water guide cylinder (621) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic corrugated box body (222) on the side facing the fixed box body (221).

8. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first one-way valve (6221) is provided in the water inlet pipe (622), and a second one-way valve (6231) is provided in the water outlet pipe (623); when the piston head (624) moves toward the end away from the mounting seat (64), the first one-way valve (6221) is in an open state, and the second one-way valve (6231) is in a closed state; when the piston head (624) moves toward the end close to the mounting seat (64), the first one-way valve (6221) is in a closed state, and the second one-way valve (6231) is in an open state.

9. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc-shaped seat (311) is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate (31), and the bottom plate (31) is rotatably arranged on the upper part of the disc-shaped seat (311).

10. The tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply pipe (12) is provided with a telescopic corrugated section (121), and the telescopic corrugated section (121) is located between the air collecting and exhausting mechanism (2) and the wind shielding mechanism (3).

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