A side-firing laser handpiece and side-firing laser medical device

Abstract

This application provides a side-emitting laser handpiece and a side-emitting laser medical device. The side-emitting laser handpiece includes a lens with multiple refractive surfaces. The multiple refractive surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, and each refractive surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis. The multiple refractive surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis. The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the axial direction of the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through the multiple refractive surfaces of the lens and is refracted multiple times. It exits from the last refractive surface of the lens at a target deflection angle, forming a ring-shaped laser spot. The lens achieves lateral deflection of the target deflection angle of the laser beam based on the principle of multiple refraction, outputting a 360° ring-shaped laser spot. It does not require coating, has a simple and low-cost manufacturing process, and a high damage threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser medical devices, and more specifically, to a side-emitting laser handpiece and a side-emitting laser medical device. Background Technology

[0002] The high-energy laser beam generated by the laser medical device irradiates the diseased tissue with a specific wavelength of laser light, causing the diseased tissue to absorb the light energy and produce photothermal and photochemical effects, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment.

[0003] For certain laser medical devices with specific functions, operational requirements necessitate that the laser beam exits from the side at a designated angle after incident, such as being deflected by approximately 90 degrees. Existing laser handpieces capable of achieving a 90-degree deflection rely on a conical mirror reflecting the laser beam at a 90° angle. However, this approach requires a reflective coating, which is costly, has stringent process requirements, and is highly susceptible to damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a side-emitting laser handpiece and a side-emitting laser medical device that outputs a 360° ring laser spot, requires no coating, has a simple and low-cost processing technology, and a high damage threshold.

[0005] This application provides a side-emitting laser handpiece, including a lens, the lens including multiple refractive surfaces;

[0006] The multiple refracting surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, each refracting surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the multiple refracting surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0007] The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through multiple refractive surfaces in the lens in sequence and is refracted multiple times. It exits from the last refractive surface of the lens at the target deflection angle, forming a ring-shaped light spot.

[0008] The target deflection angle represents the deflection angle between the laser beam entering the lens and the laser beam exiting the lens.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the side-emitting laser handpiece, the lens includes multiple lens bodies, and each lens body includes two refractive surfaces;

[0010] The plurality of lens bodies are rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the plurality of lens bodies are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0011] One refractive surface of the lens body receives laser light rays incident from the outside air. After being refracted, the laser light rays pass through another refractive surface of the lens body into the outside air, are refracted again, and then pass through the outside air into the next lens body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of lens bodies are separately disposed in the side-firing laser handpiece;

[0013] or,

[0014] The multiple lens bodies are integrated into one unit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the side-emitting laser handpiece has two lens bodies, which are a conical lens body and a first circular lens body; the first circular lens has a refractive surface inside its first end, and the first circular lens and its second end opposite to the first end have another refractive surface.

[0016] The laser beam passes sequentially through the conical surface of the conical lens body, the bottom surface of the conical lens body, the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens, and the refractive surface of the second end.

[0017] In some embodiments, the side-emitting laser handpiece has two lens bodies, which are a second circular lens body and a third circular lens body.

[0018] A refractive surface is provided inside the first end of the second circular lens body, and another refractive surface is provided inside the second end of the second circular lens body opposite to the first end;

[0019] The third circular lens body has a refractive surface inside its first end, and another refractive surface is provided at its second end, which is opposite to the first end.

[0020] The laser beam passes sequentially through the refractive surfaces of the first and second ends of the second circular lens body, the first and second ends of the third circular lens body.

[0021] In some embodiments, in the side-firing laser handpiece, the angle between each refractive surface and the central axis is determined based on the target deflection angle, the refractive index of air, and the refractive index of the lens.

[0022] In some embodiments, in the side-firing laser handpiece, the target deflection angle is 80-100 degrees.

[0023] In some embodiments, the side-emitting laser handpiece is a curved surface with the shape of a frustum, a conical surface, or a circular plane.

[0024] In some embodiments, in the side-emitting laser handpiece, at least one refractive surface is a curved surface with converging or diverging effects.

[0025] In some embodiments, a side-emitting laser medical device is also provided, including a laser source and the side-emitting laser handpiece.

[0026] This application provides a side-emitting laser handpiece and a side-emitting laser medical device. The side-emitting laser medical device includes a lens with multiple refractive surfaces. The multiple refractive surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, each refractive surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the multiple refractive surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis. The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the axial direction of the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through the multiple refractive surfaces of the lens and is refracted multiple times, exiting from the last refractive surface of the lens at a target deflection angle to form a ring-shaped spot. The target deflection angle represents the deflection angle between the laser beam incident on the lens and the laser light exiting the lens. In this way, the lens achieves lateral deflection of the laser beam at the target deflection angle based on the principle of multiple refraction, such as a 90° deflection, which can adapt to the operational needs of specific surgeries and treatments. It does not require coating, has a simple and low-cost manufacturing process, a high damage threshold, and is not easily damaged during use. It can output a 360° ring-shaped laser spot, eliminating the need for 360° rotation for treatment and improving treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lens structure in the side-firing laser handpiece described in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 2 The test results of the lens light intensity in the embodiments of this application are shown;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another lens structure of the side-firing laser handpiece described in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 4 An embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1A schematic diagram showing the tilt angle relationship of the four refractive surfaces described in the figure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0033] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0035] The high-energy laser beam generated by the laser medical device irradiates the diseased tissue with a specific wavelength of laser light, causing the diseased tissue to absorb the light energy and produce photothermal and photochemical effects, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment.

[0036] For certain laser medical devices used in specific applications, such as those in gynecology, operational requirements necessitate that the laser beam exits from the side after incident, for example, by a deflection of approximately 90 degrees. Existing laser handpieces capable of achieving this 90-degree deflection rely on a conical mirror reflecting the laser beam at a 90-degree angle. However, this approach requires a reflective coating, which is costly, technically demanding, and easily damaged.

[0037] As shown in Table 1 below, the coating material used is quartz. The damage threshold before coating is 25.23 J / CM2, and the damage threshold after coating is 5 J / CM2. The light source used for testing is a 1064nm laser at the ns level. It can be seen that after coating, the damage threshold is reduced to 1 / 5. If the pulse width after coating is reduced from 20ns to 7ns, the damage threshold will be even lower, perhaps less than 1 / 10. During use, the lens is easily damaged by dust or dirt, which affects the treatment effect.

[0038]

[0039] In common laser processing, a light path perpendicular to the laser axis at 90° is not used; the angle between the laser beam and the optical axis is relatively small. This is because laser processing requires ensuring that the laser beam can accurately and stably act on the workpiece surface to achieve high-precision processing results. A smaller angle helps reduce beam scattering and energy loss, thereby improving processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0040] Similarly, because most surgeries require precise control of the treatment area to avoid damage to surrounding normal tissues, conventional medical laser handpieces are often designed with a greater emphasis on the stability, precision, and safety of the laser beam. When achieving a 90° deflection effect, the output spot is usually a point rather than a 360° ring.

[0041] Therefore, there is currently no research on large-angle circular spot in medical laser handpieces. In certain surgical procedures (such as some gynecological surgeries), after treating an area, it is necessary to rotate 360° to continue treatment, which is very inefficient.

[0042] Based on this, this application provides a side-emitting laser handpiece, including a lens with multiple refractive surfaces. These multiple refractive surfaces are arranged around a central axis, each refractive surface being rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis. The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the axial direction of the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through the multiple refractive surfaces of the lens and is refracted multiple times, exiting from the last refractive surface of the lens at a target deflection angle, forming a ring-shaped spot. The target deflection angle represents the deflection angle between the laser beam entering the lens and the laser light exiting the lens. Thus, the lens achieves lateral deflection of the laser beam at the target deflection angle, such as a 90° deflection, based on the principle of multiple refraction, adapting to the operational needs of specific surgeries and treatments. It requires no coating, has a simple and low-cost manufacturing process, a high damage threshold, and is not easily damaged during use. It can output a 360° ring-shaped laser spot, eliminating the need for 360° rotation during treatment, thus improving treatment efficiency.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lens structure in the side-firing laser handpiece described in an embodiment of this application is shown; as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the side-emitting laser handpiece includes a lens, and the lens includes multiple refractive surfaces;

[0044] The multiple refracting surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, each refracting surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the multiple refracting surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0045] The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through multiple refractive surfaces in the lens in sequence and is refracted multiple times. It exits from the last refractive surface of the lens at the target deflection angle, forming a ring-shaped light spot.

[0046] The target deflection angle represents the deflection angle between the laser beam entering the lens and the laser beam exiting the lens.

[0047] The side-firing laser handpiece is used in laser therapy, or in other words, laser medicine.

[0048] The target deflection angle is determined based on the specific body part and operational requirements of the laser treatment.

[0049] In some embodiments, the target deflection angle is 80-100 degrees, thereby achieving a laser side-firing effect, for example... Figure 1 The lens shown enters from below and exits from the left or right side.

[0050] Preferably, in some embodiments, the target deflection angle is 90 degrees, which facilitates doctors to perform various delicate operations and reduces the risk of accidental injury during the operation.

[0051] The number of refractive surfaces is greater than or equal to 4. The more refractive surfaces there are, the easier it is to achieve a 90-degree deflection, but the greater the manufacturing difficulty and the more complex the assembly and adjustment.

[0052] In the side-firing laser handpiece described in this application embodiment, the lens includes multiple lens bodies, and each lens body includes two refractive surfaces;

[0053] The plurality of lens bodies are rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the plurality of lens bodies are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0054] One refractive surface of the lens body receives laser light rays incident from the outside air. After being refracted, the laser light rays pass through another refractive surface of the lens body into the outside air, are refracted again, and then pass through the outside air into the next lens body.

[0055] By using two different media, air and lenses, to refract laser light, different lens bodies can be made of the same material, which also reduces the number of lens bodies and lowers costs.

[0056] The multiple lens bodies are rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis, so that the multiple refractive surfaces are set around the same central axis. Each refractive surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the multiple refractive surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis, which facilitates installation and debugging.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 The multiple refracting surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, and each refracting surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, so that the laser light incident along the central axis is refracted uniformly and 360 degrees, which facilitates the formation of a uniform annular light spot.

[0058] In this embodiment, the refracting surface has one of the following shapes: a frustum-shaped side surface, a conical surface, or a circular plane, so that the angle between the refracted laser beam and the central axis is the same.

[0059] In the side-emitting laser handpiece described in this application embodiment, the multiple lens bodies are either separately arranged or the multiple lens bodies are integrated.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This application illustrates a lens with a separate lens body as described in an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, this type of lens comprises two independent lenses.

[0061] The number of lens bodies is two, namely a conical lens body 101 and a first circular lens body 102; the first circular lens has a refractive surface inside its first end, and the first circular lens and its second end opposite to the first end have another refractive surface;

[0062] The laser beam passes sequentially through the conical surface of the conical lens body 101, the bottom surface of the conical lens body 101, the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens, and the refractive surface of the second end.

[0063] The bottom surface of the conical lens body 101 is a circular plane; the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens is the side of a frustum, that is, a frustum-shaped hole needs to be opened inside the first end of the first circular lens to form the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens; the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens is also the side of a frustum, that is, a frustum needs to be set on the second end of the first circular lens, and the side of the frustum forms the refractive surface of the second end of the first circular lens.

[0064] Figure 1 The transmission path of the laser beam is shown in the figure, such as Figure 1 As shown, a collimated laser beam enters from below, is refracted through the first surface (the conical surface of the conical lens body 101) and propagates into the conical lens body 101. Then it is refracted through the second surface (the bottom surface of the conical lens body 101) and propagates into the air. After that, it is refracted through the third surface of the first circular lens (the refractive surface at the first end of the first circular lens) and propagates into the first circular lens. Finally, it is refracted through the fourth surface of the first circular lens (the refractive surface at the second end) and forms a 90° output.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The test results of the lens light intensity in the embodiments of this application are shown; for example... Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the angle formed with the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the light intensity. It can be seen that the light intensity is maximum at -90° and 90°, and zero at other locations. This indicates that the side-firing laser handpiece described in this embodiment can more accurately achieve a 90° deflection of the laser, and the output annular light spot can accurately point to the target position.

[0066] Moreover, the refractive surfaces described in the embodiments of this application can all be unfolded into planes from a geometric perspective. Specifically, they can be unfolded into planes along the generatrix, making them easier to design and manufacture.

[0067] The lens in the side-firing laser handpiece described in this application embodiment does not require coating; it only needs to utilize the material properties of the lens itself to achieve the purpose. It has a high damage threshold and is more wear-resistant during use.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another lens structure for a side-firing laser handpiece is shown; as follows: Figure 3 As shown, there are two lens bodies, namely a second circular lens body 301 and a third circular lens body 302.

[0069] The second circular lens body 301 and the third circular lens body 302 are integrated into one piece, which means that the lens is a one-piece lens.

[0070] The interior of the first end of the second circular lens body 301 is provided with a refractive surface, and the interior of the second end of the second circular lens body 301, which is opposite to the first end, is provided with another refractive surface.

[0071] The third circular lens body 302 has a refractive surface inside its first end, and the third circular lens body 302 and its second end opposite to the first end have another refractive surface.

[0072] The laser beam passes sequentially through the refractive surfaces of the first and second ends of the second circular lens body 301, the first and second ends of the third circular lens body.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the laser beam path of the one-piece lens is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a collimated laser beam enters from below, is refracted through the first surface (the refractive surface inside the first end of the second circular lens body 301) and propagates into the second circular lens body 301. Then, it is refracted through the second surface (the refractive surface inside the second end of the second circular lens body 301 opposite to the first end) and propagates into the air. After that, it is refracted through the third surface of the third circular lens body 302 (the refractive surface at the first end of the third circular lens body 302) and propagates into the third circular lens body 302. Finally, it is refracted through the fourth surface of the third circular lens body 302 (the refractive surface at the second end of the third circular lens body 302) and forms a 90° output.

[0074] Compared to two-element lenses, two-element lenses are easier to manufacture, while one-element lenses have a simpler assembly and adjustment structure.

[0075] The side-firing laser handpiece described in this application embodiment has an angle between each refractive surface and the central axis determined based on the target deflection angle, the refractive index of air, and the refractive index of the lens.

[0076] At the same time, the angle between each refractive surface and the central axis also needs to be taken into account with reference to the dimensions of the side-emitting laser medical device configured with the side-emitting laser handpiece.

[0077] The embodiments of this application have four refractive surfaces, which allow for greater freedom in designing their tilt angles.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 An embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 The diagram shows the tilt angle relationship of the four refractive surfaces described above; light rays incident from below will have an incident angle 'a' and a refraction angle 'b' after passing through each refractive surface; let the refractive index of air be n1; the lens is made of glass with a refractive index of n2;

[0079] The angle of incidence of the first refracting surface is a1, and the angle of refraction is b1. The refraction relationship between the angle of incidence a1 and the angle of refraction b1 is n1*sin(a1)=n2*sin(b1).

[0080] Of the four refracting surfaces, the angles c1, c3, and c4 between the first, third, and fourth refracting surfaces and the baseline are not 0, while the angle between the second refracting surface c2 and the baseline is 0.

[0081] The second refracting surface has an incident angle of a2 and a refraction angle of b2; the third refracting surface has an incident angle of a3 and a refraction angle of b3; and the fourth refracting surface has an incident angle of a4 and a refraction angle of b4.

[0082] Based on geometric relationships, we can obtain:

[0083] c1 = a1;

[0084] a2 = a1 - b1;

[0085] a3 = c2 - b2;

[0086] a4 = b3 - (c2 - c3);

[0087] Finally, the angle α between the incident ray and the incident ray is determined to be:

[0088] α = 90 - (180 - c3 - 90 - b4).

[0089] In some embodiments, in the side-emitting laser handpiece, at least one refractive surface is a curved surface with converging or diverging effects, thereby forming a converging or diverging beam.

[0090] The curved surface that has a converging or diverging effect is obtained by slightly deforming the refractive surface, such as by protrusion or depression.

[0091] When one of the refractive surfaces is modified into a curved surface with converging or diverging effects, the overall structure of the lens remains unchanged. At this time, different light rays will be deflected at different angles, and the deflection angles are calculated based on the central ray and the peripheral ray.

[0092] This application provides two specific structural diagrams of two lens bodies with four refractive surfaces. If three lens bodies are added, there are six refractive surfaces, making it easier to achieve a 90° deflection effect. Four or more lens bodies can also be added, but this is simply adding one more lens body; the principle remains the same. Furthermore, the more lenses there are, the higher the cost. Therefore, a one-piece or two-piece lens composed of two lens bodies is a superior implementation method.

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a side-emitting laser medical device corresponding to the side-emitting laser handpiece. Since the principle of the side-emitting laser medical device in this application is similar to that of the side-emitting laser handpiece described above, the implementation of the side-emitting laser medical device can refer to the implementation of the side-emitting laser handpiece, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0094] This application provides a side-emitting laser medical device, including a laser source and a side-emitting laser handpiece; specifically, the side-emitting laser handpiece includes a lens, and the lens includes multiple refractive surfaces;

[0095] The multiple refracting surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, each refracting surface is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the multiple refracting surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0096] The first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident along the central axis. The laser light in the laser beam passes through multiple refractive surfaces in the lens in sequence and is refracted multiple times. It exits from the last refractive surface of the lens at the target deflection angle, forming a ring-shaped light spot.

[0097] The target deflection angle represents the deflection angle between the laser beam entering the lens and the laser beam exiting the lens.

[0098] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the lens of the side-emitting laser handpiece includes multiple lens bodies, and each lens body includes two refractive surfaces;

[0099] The plurality of lens bodies are rotationally symmetrical about the central axis, and the plurality of lens bodies are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0100] One refractive surface of the lens body receives laser light rays incident from the outside air. After being refracted, the laser light rays pass through another refractive surface of the lens body into the outside air, are refracted again, and then pass through the outside air into the next lens body.

[0101] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the multiple lens bodies of the side-emitting laser handpiece are separately arranged;

[0102] or,

[0103] The multiple lens bodies are integrated into one unit.

[0104] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the side-emitting laser handpiece has two lens bodies, which are a conical lens body and a first circular lens body; the first end of the first circular lens has a refractive surface inside, and the second end of the first circular lens opposite to the first end has another refractive surface;

[0105] The laser beam passes sequentially through the conical surface of the conical lens body, the bottom surface of the conical lens body, the refractive surface of the first end of the first circular lens, and the refractive surface of the second end.

[0106] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the side-emitting laser handpiece has two lens bodies, namely a second circular lens body and a third circular lens body;

[0107] The interior of the first end of the second circular lens body is provided with a refractive surface, and the interior of the second end of the second circular lens body opposite to the first end is provided with another refractive surface;

[0108] The third circular lens body has a refractive surface inside its first end, and another refractive surface is provided at its second end, which is opposite to the first end.

[0109] The laser beam passes sequentially through the refractive surfaces of the first and second ends of the second circular lens body, the first and second ends of the third circular lens body.

[0110] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the angle between each refractive surface of the side-emitting laser handpiece and the central axis is determined based on the target deflection angle, the refractive index of air, and the refractive index of the lens.

[0111] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the target deflection angle of the side-emitting laser handpiece is 80-100 degrees.

[0112] Preferably, the target deflection angle is 90 degrees.

[0113] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, the refractive surface of the side-emitting laser handpiece is one of a curved surface with the shape of a frustum, a conical surface, or a circular plane.

[0114] In some embodiments of the side-emitting laser medical device, at least one refractive surface of the side-emitting laser handpiece is a curved surface with converging or diverging effects.

[0115] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A side-firing laser handpiece, comprising: The lens comprises a plurality of refractive surfaces; The plurality of refractive surfaces are arranged around the same central axis, each of the refractive surfaces is rotationally symmetrical around the central axis, and the plurality of refractive surfaces are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis; A first refractive surface of the lens receives a laser beam incident in the axial direction of the central axis, and laser rays in the laser beam are refracted multiple times in sequence through the plurality of refractive surfaces in the lens and are emitted from a last refractive surface of the lens at a target deflection angle to form a ring-shaped light spot; The target deflection angle represents a deflection angle between the laser beam incident into the lens and the laser rays emitted from the lens; The target deflection angle is 80-100 degrees; The refractive surface is one of a curved surface in the shape of a circular truncated cone side, a conic surface, and a circular plane; An angle between each of the refractive surfaces and the central axis is determined based on the target deflection angle, a refractive index of air, and a refractive index of the lens; and the number of the refractive surfaces is 4; An incident angle a and a refraction angle b of a light ray incident from below are changed after passing through each of the refractive surfaces; the incident angle of the first refractive surface is a1, the refraction angle is b1; the incident angle of the second refractive surface is a2, the refraction angle is b2; the incident angle of the third refractive surface is a3, the refraction angle is b3; the incident angle of the fourth refractive surface is a4, the refraction angle is b4; and an angle α between the emitted light ray and the incident light ray is α = 90-(180-c3-90-b4); wherein c3 is an angle between the third refractive surface and a reference line.

2. The side-firing laser handpiece of claim 1, wherein, The lens comprises a plurality of lens bodies, each of which comprises two refractive surfaces; The plurality of lens bodies are rotationally symmetrical around the central axis, and the plurality of lens bodies are arranged in layers along the axial direction of the central axis; One of the refractive surfaces of the lens body receives a laser ray incident from external air, the laser ray is refracted and then passes through the other refractive surface of the lens body into the external air, is refracted again, and then enters the next lens body through the external air.

3. The side-firing laser handpiece of claim 2, wherein, The plurality of lens bodies are arranged separately; Or, The plurality of lens bodies are arranged integrally.

4. The side-firing laser handpiece of claim 3, wherein, The number of the lens bodies is 2, and the lens bodies are respectively a conical lens body and a first circular lens body; the first end portion of the first circular lens body is internally provided with one refractive surface, and the second end portion opposite to the first end portion of the first circular lens body is provided with the other refractive surface; The laser rays of the laser beam pass through the conical surface of the conical lens body, the bottom surface of the conical lens body, the refractive surface of the first end portion of the first circular lens body, and the refractive surface of the second end portion in sequence.

5. The side-firing laser handpiece of claim 3, wherein: The number of the lens bodies is 2, and the lens bodies are respectively a second circular lens body and a third circular lens body; The first end portion of the second circular lens body is internally provided with one refractive surface, and the second end portion opposite to the first end portion of the second circular lens body is internally provided with the other refractive surface; The first end portion of the third circular lens body is internally provided with one refractive surface, and the second end portion opposite to the first end portion of the third circular lens body is provided with the other refractive surface; The laser light rays of the laser beam pass through the refractive surface of the first end portion of the second circular lens body, the refractive surface of the second end portion of the second circular lens body, the refractive surface of the first end portion of the third circular lens body, and the refractive surface of the second end portion of the third circular lens body in sequence.

6. A side-firing laser medical device, comprising: The side-emitting laser handpiece comprises a laser light source and the side-emitting laser handpiece according to any one of claims 1-5.

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