A device and method for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials, comprising a steel support, a CCD industrial camera and a transparent model box, wherein the transparent model box is arranged inside the steel support, and comprises a fixed bottom plate and a front plate, a rear plate, a left plate, a right plate arranged above the fixed bottom plate to enclose a rectangular space, and a movable top plate that moves up and down in the rectangular space, wherein the transparent model box is filled with transparent soil; the front plate and the rear plate are correspondingly provided with tunnel cross-section holes for placing tunnel models; the upper part of the steel support is connected to the movable top plate through a pressurizing device, and the lower part is connected to the fixed bottom plate through an azimuth adjusting device; a laser emitter is connected to the corresponding left plate or right plate on the steel support, and the CCD industrial camera is placed corresponding to the transparent model box. The present invention can more intuitively and accurately display the displacement of the soil body, can provide good support for the tunnel, and is convenient for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunnel support, and in particular relates to a device and method for measuring the support range of anchor rods and anchor cables based on transparent soil materials. Background Art

[0002] Today's coal mine tunnel support schemes are mostly based on anchor rod and cable support based on suspension theory, combined arch theory and combined beam theory. The tunnel roof soil and anchor section rock are combined through anchor rods and cables to form a unified bearing structure. The interlayer sliding effect is restrained, so that the roof maintains a three-dimensional stress state and the strength of the tunnel surrounding rock is improved.

[0003] Although the theory of anchor rod and cable support is relatively complete, it is difficult to have an intuitive observation of the evaluation of the specific support effect in the tunnel. The stress zone generated by the anchor rod and cable support and the soil conditions within the stress range are still difficult to determine.

[0004] In the similar soil simulation experiment of coal mine tunnels, the movement of the soil is judged according to the reference points pre-arranged on the outside, so as to infer the stress condition of this part. Since the reference points are on the outside, there is a certain deviation between the derived data and the actual situation. In addition, most of the similar simulation experiments of coal mine tunnels are based on excavation, and there is no more convenient and feasible method for the support of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials, which can more intuitively and accurately display the soil displacement, provide good support for the tunnel, and facilitate the measurement of the support range of anchor rods and cables.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for determining the supporting range of anchor rods and anchor cables based on transparent soil materials, comprising a steel support, a CCD industrial camera and a transparent model box, wherein the transparent model box is arranged inside the steel support, and comprises a fixed bottom plate and a front plate, a rear plate, a left plate, and a right plate arranged above the fixed bottom plate to enclose a rectangular space, and a movable top plate that moves up and down in the rectangular space, and the transparent model box is filled with transparent soil;

[0007] The front plate and the rear plate are provided with corresponding tunnel cross-section holes for placing the tunnel model;

[0008] The upper part of the steel bracket is connected to the movable top plate through a pressurizing device, and the lower part is connected to the fixed bottom plate through an orientation adjusting device;

[0009] A laser emitter is connected to the corresponding left plate or right plate on the steel bracket, and the CCD industrial camera is placed corresponding to the transparent model box.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the transparent soil includes transparent soft rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG, transparent hard rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG and a tracer, wherein ER is epoxy resin, PEA is polyetheramine, RSS is saturated rosin alcohol solution, and CG is transparent aggregate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the ratio of each component in the transparent soft rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 27.3 / 22.7 / 1.0 / 179.2, and the ratio of each component in the transparent hard rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 33.3 / 16.7 / 2.0 / 154.0.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the tunnel model is pulled outwards, and anchor rods simulated by pointed screws are driven into the transparent soil separated from the support of the tunnel model according to the support plan, and anchor cables simulated by iron wires are screwed.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the four corners of the bottom of the transparent model box are connected to limited angle columns, and the limited angle columns are provided with right-angle grooves for plugging in the front plate, the rear plate, the left plate, and the right plate.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing base connected to the steel support, a plurality of pressurizing hydraulic rods are connected below the pressurizing base, and the other ends of the pressurizing hydraulic rods are connected to a movable top plate.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the azimuth adjustment device includes a base connected to a steel bracket and a connecting tray fixed to a fixed bottom plate, a plurality of electric lifting rods are connected to the base, and the other ends of the electric lifting rods are hinged to the connecting tray.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the front plate, the rear plate, the left plate and the right plate are all made of acrylic transparent plates.

[0017] To achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention also provides a method for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials, comprising the following steps:

[0018] ① Prepare according to the tunnel support conditions to be simulated: determine the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel, open tunnel cross-sectional holes on the front and rear plates of the transparent model box, and make a matching tunnel model;

[0019] ② Assemble the transparent model box: 1) Bolt the fixed bottom plate to the connecting tray of the azimuth adjustment device, 2) Insert and fix the four limiting corner columns to the four corners of the fixed bottom plate, and then insert the front plate, rear plate, left plate and right plate along the right-angle groove from top to bottom, 3) Insert the lane model from the lane cross-section holes of the front plate and rear plate, check the connection sealing to ensure that there will be no leakage, 4) Then adjust the electric lifting rod according to the inclination and slope of the simulated lane. There are four groups of electric lifting rods, which are distributed in a cross shape;

[0020] ③ Transparent soil is configured inside the transparent model box, and aggregates and liquids with similar refractive indices are selected for configuration. The simulated roadway rock formations are configured in layers according to their orientation, inclination and thickness. Each layer of rock formation is arranged horizontally, and the top plate is compacted and leveled by a pressure device before laying the next layer. After the configuration is completed, the transparent model box is placed in a horizontal position by an electric lifting rod, and the simulated roadway orientation and its rock formations meet the actual roadway conditions.

[0021] ④ The pressure device controls the roof to descend, further compacts the transparent soil, and applies ground stress to simulate the tunnel and rock formation;

[0022] ⑤ Install a laser transmitter on the left or right side of the transparent model box on the steel bracket, use a sheet-shaped light source laser to form a vertical laser speckle image on the transparent soil, and install a CCD industrial camera in front of the transparent model box;

[0023] ⑥ First, take a laser speckle photo of the soil before excavation, then slowly pull out the tunnel model, and the pull-out distance is determined according to the simulated anchor bolt and cable spacing, and then take photos again, and take laser speckle photos of the soil without support in the tunnel excavation tunnel model; insert the anchor bolt simulated by the pointed screw into the soil that is separated from the tunnel model support for support, insert the anchor cable simulated by the twisted wire for support, and take laser speckle photos of the soil after the anchor bolt and cable are driven in to form support; before each photo is taken, the transparent soil needs to be left still for a period of time until the entire section is recorded;

[0024] ⑦ Import the transparent soil laser speckle image into PIVview2C software to analyze the soil stress condition and obtain the stress change of the soil supported by anchor rods and cables.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Changing the traditional tunnel simulation experiment method based on excavation, using the pre-made tunnel cross-section hole and tunnel model can provide good support for the tunnel. The tunnel model is extracted to measure the support range of anchor bolts and cables, which is more convenient to operate.

[0027] The use of transparent soil, laser transmitter and CCD industrial camera can more intuitively take laser speckle photos of the soil, thereby obtaining more accurate soil movement data;

[0028] The use of PIV software to analyze soil stress conditions can more effectively view and analyze the displacement of tunnel surrounding rock and soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the bottom perspective structure.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transparent simulation box in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. CCD industrial camera, 2. steel bracket, 3. transparent model box, 4. pressurizing device, 5. laser transmitter, 6. azimuth adjustment device, 7. tunnel cross-section hole, 8. anchor rod, 9. anchor cable, 10. tunnel model;

[0034] 3.1, fixed bottom plate, 3.2, front plate, 3.3, movable top plate, 3.4, left side plate, 3.5, rear plate, 3.6, right side plate, 3.7, limiting corner column, 3.7.1, right angle groove;

[0035] 4.1. Pressurized base, 4.2. Pressurized hydraulic rod;

[0036] 6.1. Base, 6.2. Electric lifting rod, 6.3. Connecting tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a device for determining the supporting range of anchor rods and anchor cables based on transparent soil materials comprises a steel support 2, a CCD industrial camera 1 and a transparent model box 3. The transparent model box 3 is arranged inside the steel support 2, and comprises a fixed bottom plate 3.1 and a front plate 3.2, a rear plate 3.5, a left plate 3.4, a right plate 3.6 arranged above the fixed bottom plate 3.1 to enclose a rectangular space, and a movable top plate 3.3 moving up and down in the rectangular space. The transparent model box 3 is filled with transparent soil;

[0039] The front plate 3.2 and the rear plate 3.5 are provided with tunnel cross-section holes 7 for placing the tunnel model 10; the length of the tunnel model 10 is greater than the width of the transparent model box 3, and when the tunnel model 10 is placed in the tunnel cross-section hole 7, more parts are exposed;

[0040] The upper part of the steel support 2 is connected to the movable top plate 3.3 through the pressure device 4, and the lower part is connected to the fixed bottom plate 3.1 through the orientation adjustment device 6;

[0041] The laser emitter 5 is connected to the corresponding left side plate 3.4 or right side plate 3.6 of the steel bracket 2, and the CCD industrial camera 1 is placed corresponding to the transparent model box 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the transparent soil includes transparent soft rock materials ER / PEA / RSS / CG, transparent hard rock materials ER / PEA / RSS / CG and tracers. The use of transparent soft rock materials, transparent hard rock materials or a ratio of the two is determined according to the simulated tunnel conditions. The tracer can be uniform. ER is epoxy resin, PEA is polyetheramine, RSS is saturated rosin alcohol solution, CG is transparent aggregate, and the tracer is used in conjunction with a laser emitter 5 and a CCD industrial camera 1 to capture the displacement of the soil layer around the tunnel before and after the support of the anchor rod 8 and anchor cable 9.

[0043] Preferably, the ratio of each component in the transparent soft rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 27.3 / 22.7 / 1.0 / 179.2, and the ratio of each component in the transparent hard rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 33.3 / 16.7 / 2.0 / 154.0.

[0044] In order to determine the support range of the anchor rods 8 and anchor cables 9, the tunnel model 10 is further pulled outward, and the anchor rods 8 simulated by pointed screws are driven into the transparent soil in the tunnel cross-sectional hole 7 that is separated from the support of the tunnel model 10 according to the support plan, and the anchor cables 9 simulated by iron wires are screwed. As the tunnel model 10 is pulled out, the soil layer in the tunnel cross-sectional hole 7 that is separated from the support of the tunnel model 10 can be measured first, and then the same soil layer can be measured again after the anchor rods 8 and anchor cables 9 are inserted according to the support plan, thereby forming a comparison.

[0045] To ensure the normal measurement, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the transparent model box 3. Further, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the four corners of the bottom of the transparent model box 3 are connected to the limited angle columns 3.7, and the limited angle columns 3.7 are provided with right-angle grooves 3.7.1 for plugging in the front plate 3.2, the rear plate 3.5, the left plate 3.4, and the right plate 3.6. The plug-in method is used for easy splicing and good structural stability.

[0046] In the process of transparent soil filling, in order to simulate the actual situation, the configured transparent soil must be pressurized. Figure 2 As shown, the pressurizing device 4 includes a pressurizing base 4.1 connected to the steel support 2, and a plurality of pressurizing hydraulic rods 4.2 are connected below the pressurizing base 4.1. The other end of the pressurizing hydraulic rod 4.2 is connected to the movable top plate 3.3. The movable top plate 3.3 is controlled to move up and down by the pressurizing hydraulic rod 4.2, thereby realizing the compaction and flattening of the transparent soil.

[0047] In order to simulate the actual situation more accurately, further, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the azimuth adjustment device 6 includes a base 6.1 connected to the steel support 2 and a connecting tray 6.3 fixed on the fixed bottom plate 3.1. A plurality of electric lifting rods 6.2 are connected to the base 6.1. The other end of the electric lifting rod 6.2 is hinged to the connecting tray 6.3. Through the cooperation of multiple groups of electric lifting rods 6.2, the inclination and slope of the transparent simulation box can be adjusted and controlled. Transparent soil is configured inside the transparent model box 3, and aggregates and liquids with similar refractive indices are selected for configuration. The rock layers are configured according to the direction, inclination and thickness of the simulated tunnel rock layer. Each layer of the rock layer is arranged horizontally, compacted and leveled, and then the next layer is laid. Finally, the transparent simulation box is leveled using the electric lifting rod 6.2 to start the measurement.

[0048] Furthermore, the front plate 3.2, the rear plate 3.5, the left plate 3.4 and the right plate 3.6 are all made of acrylic transparent plates to ensure light transmission effect, which is convenient for the laser transmitter 5 to cooperate with the CCD industrial camera 1 to complete measurement and shooting.

[0049] A method for determining the support range of anchor rods 8 and anchor cables 9 based on transparent soil materials comprises the following steps:

[0050] ① Prepare according to the tunnel support conditions to be simulated: determine the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel, open tunnel cross-sectional holes 7 on the front plate 3.2 and the rear plate 3.5 of the transparent model box 3, and make a matching tunnel model 10;

[0051] ② Assemble the transparent model box 3: 1) Bolt the fixed bottom plate 3.1 to the connection tray 6.3 of the azimuth adjustment device 6, 2) Embed and fix the four limiting corner columns 3.7 to the four corners of the fixed bottom plate 3.1, and then insert the front plate 3.2, the rear plate 3.5, the left plate 3.4 and the right plate 3.6 from top to bottom along the right-angle groove 3.7.1, 3) Insert the lane model 10 from the lane cross-section hole 7 of the front plate 3.2 and the rear plate 3.5, check the connection sealing to ensure that there will be no leakage, 4) Then adjust the electric lifting rod 6.2 according to the inclination and slope of the simulated lane. The electric lifting rod 6.2 is provided with four groups and distributed in a cross shape;

[0052] ③ Transparent soil is configured inside the transparent model box 3, and aggregates and liquids with similar refractive indices are selected for configuration. The simulated roadway rock formations are configured in layers according to their orientation, inclination and thickness. Each layer of rock formation is arranged horizontally, and the top plate is compacted and leveled by the pressure device 4. The soil is configured after adjustment by the azimuth adjustment device 6, and then the soil is restored to a horizontal state for pressurization to complete the laying of one layer, and then the next layer is laid. After the configuration is completed, the transparent model box 3 is placed in a horizontal position by the electric lifting rod 6.2, and the simulated roadway orientation and its rock formations meet the actual roadway conditions;

[0053] ④ The pressure device 4 controls the top plate to descend, further compacts the transparent soil, and applies ground stress to the simulated tunnel and rock formation;

[0054] ⑤ A laser transmitter 5 is set up on the left or right side of the transparent model box 3 on the steel support 2, and a sheet-shaped light source laser is used to form a vertical laser speckle image on the transparent soil, and a CCD industrial camera 1 is set up in front of the transparent model box 3;

[0055] ⑥ First, take a laser speckle photo of the soil before excavation, then slowly pull out the tunnel model 10, the pulling distance is determined according to the row spacing of the simulated anchor rods 8 and anchor cables 9, and then take photos again, and take laser speckle photos of the soil without support of the tunnel model 10; insert the anchor rods 8 simulated by the pointed screws into the soil that is separated from the support of the tunnel model 10 for support, insert the anchor cables 9 simulated by the twisted wire for support, and take laser speckle photos of the soil after the anchor rods 8 and anchor cables 9 are driven in to form support; before each photo is taken, the transparent soil needs to be left still for a period of time until the entire section is recorded;

[0056] ⑦ Import the transparent soil laser speckle image into PIVview2C software to analyze the soil stress condition and obtain the stress change of the soil supported by anchor rod 8 and anchor cable 9.

[0057] PIVview2C software operation steps:

[0058] 1) Before starting up, check whether the equipment is connected correctly, turn on the power of all instruments (CCD industrial camera 1, sheet light source laser, computer), start the computer and operating software;

[0059] 2) Cover the lens cover of the CCD industrial camera 1, make the sheet light source laser emit light, and move the tunnel model 10 to the laser sheet plane, that is, the plane where the calibration target is located is the plane actually required to be measured;

[0060] 3) Turn off the sheet light source laser, open the cover of CCD industrial camera 1, allow the software to create a new database and switch the acquisition mode, and use "free run" to focus;

[0061] 4) Turn on the sheet light source laser, select the single-frame shooting mode, and input the number of collected pictures; after the collection and storage are completed, switch to the analysis mode to check the displacement of the surrounding rock and soil of the tunnel.

[0062] PIV technology features:

[0063] 1. Non-contact measurement

[0064] General flow field measurement equipment requires that the measurement sensor be placed in the flow field, which is bound to have a certain impact on the flow field. The PIV system solves this problem very well. It "looks" at the flow field instead of "touching" it.

[0065] 2. Can instantly measure the surface / flow field at a certain moment

[0066] General flow field equipment can only test the flow velocity vector at a certain point at a certain moment. To test the entire surface, a large number of sensors are required. PIV can measure both the average flow field and the instantaneous flow field.

[0067] 3. High measurement accuracy and wide speed measurement range

[0068] Accuracy: Less than one thousandth. PIV is generally used to verify the accuracy of other flow testing equipment. The measurement speed range can be from 0 to supersonic flow field.

[0069] PIV system testing process:

[0070] 1. The laser passes through the light source lens group to illuminate the flow field.

[0071] 2. Use a PIV-specific cross-frame CCD industrial camera 1 to take images of the flowing particles in the flow field slice in the direction perpendicular to the laser surface.

[0072] 3. Send the digitized image to the computer and process it using the principles of autocorrelation or cross-correlation to obtain the velocity field distribution in the flow field.

Claims

1. A method for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ① Preparation is performed according to the tunnel support conditions to be simulated: the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel are determined, tunnel cross-sectional holes (7) are opened on the front plate (3.2) and the rear plate (3.5) of the transparent model box (3), and a matching tunnel model (10) is produced; ② Assemble the transparent model box (3): 1) Bolt the fixed bottom plate (3.1) and the connecting tray (6.3) of the azimuth adjustment device (6); 2) Insert and fix the four limiting corner columns (3.7) and the four corners of the fixed bottom plate (3.1); then insert the front plate (3.2), the rear plate (3.5), the left plate (3.4) and the right plate (3.6) from top to bottom along the right-angle groove (3.7.1); 3) Insert the lane model (10) from the lane cross-section hole (7) of the front plate (3.2) and the rear plate (3.5); check the sealing of the connection to ensure that no leakage occurs; 4) Then adjust the electric lifting rod (6.2) according to the simulated lane inclination and slope. The electric lifting rod (6.2) is provided with four groups and is distributed in a cross shape; ③ Transparent soil is arranged inside the transparent model box (3), and aggregates and liquids with similar refractive indices are selected for configuration. The simulated roadway rock formations are layered according to their orientation, inclination and thickness. Each layer of rock formation is arranged horizontally, and the top plate is compacted and leveled by a pressure device (4), and then the next layer is laid. After the configuration is completed, the transparent model box (3) is placed in a horizontal position by an electric lifting rod (6.2), and the simulated roadway orientation and its rock formations meet the actual roadway conditions. ④ The pressure device (4) controls the top plate to descend, further compacts the transparent soil, and applies ground stress to the simulated tunnel and rock formation; ⑤ A laser transmitter (5) is installed on the steel support (2) on the left or right side of the transparent model box (3), and a sheet-shaped light source laser is used to form a vertical laser speckle image on the transparent soil, and a CCD industrial camera (1) is installed in front of the transparent model box (3); ⑥ First, take a laser speckle photo of the soil before excavation, then slowly pull out the tunnel model (10), the pull-out distance is determined according to the row spacing of the simulated anchor rods (8) and anchor cables (9), and then take photos again, taking laser speckle photos of the soil without support of the tunnel excavation tunnel model (10); insert the anchor rods (8) simulated by the pointed screws into the soil that is separated from the support of the tunnel model (10) for support, insert the anchor cables (9) simulated by the twisted iron wire for support, and take laser speckle photos of the soil after the anchor rods (8) and anchor cables (9) are driven in to form support; before each photo is taken, the transparent soil needs to be left to stand for a period of time until the entire cross section is recorded; ⑦ Import the transparent soil laser speckle image into PIVview2C software to analyze the stress condition of the soil and obtain the stress change of the soil supported by the anchor rod (8) and anchor cable (9).

2. A device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials using the method described in claim 1, comprising a steel support (2), a CCD industrial camera (1) and a transparent model box (3), characterized in that: The transparent model box (3) is arranged inside the steel support (2), and comprises a fixed bottom plate (3.1), a front plate (3.2), a rear plate (3.5), a left plate (3.4), a right plate (3.6) arranged above the fixed bottom plate (3.1) and enclosing a rectangular space, and a movable top plate (3.3) that moves up and down in the rectangular space, and the transparent model box (3) is filled with transparent soil; The front plate (3.2) and the rear plate (3.5) are provided with corresponding tunnel cross-section holes (7) for placing the tunnel model (10); The upper part of the steel support (2) is connected to the movable top plate (3.3) via a pressure device (4), and the lower part is connected to the fixed bottom plate (3.1) via an orientation adjustment device (6); A laser emitter (5) is connected to the corresponding left plate (3.4) or right plate (3.6) on the steel bracket (2), and the CCD industrial camera (1) is placed corresponding to the transparent model box (3); The tunnel model (10) is pulled outward, and an anchor rod (8) simulated by a pointed screw is driven into the transparent soil that is separated from the support of the tunnel model (10) according to the support plan, and an anchor cable (9) simulated by an iron wire is screwed.

3. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transparent soil comprises transparent soft rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG, transparent hard rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG and a tracer, wherein ER is epoxy resin, PEA is polyetheramine, RSS is saturated rosin alcohol solution, and CG is transparent aggregate.

4. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ratio of each component in the transparent soft rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 27.3 / 22.7 / 1.0 / 179.2, and the ratio of each component in the transparent hard rock material ER / PEA / RSS / CG is 33.3 / 16.7 / 2.0 / 154.

0.

5. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The four corners of the bottom of the transparent model box (3) are connected to limited angle columns (3.7), and the limited angle columns (3.7) are provided with right-angle grooves (3.7.1) for plugging in a front plate (3.2), a rear plate (3.5), a left side plate (3.4), and a right side plate (3.6).

6. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pressurizing device (4) comprises a pressurizing base (4.1) connected to the steel support (2), a plurality of pressurizing hydraulic rods (4.2) are connected below the pressurizing base (4.1), and the other ends of the pressurizing hydraulic rods (4.2) are connected to a movable top plate (3.3).

7. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The orientation adjustment device (6) comprises a base (6.1) connected to the steel support (2) and a connection tray (6.3) fixed to the fixed bottom plate (3.1); a plurality of electric lifting rods (6.2) are connected to the base (6.1); the other ends of the electric lifting rods (6.2) are hinged to the connection tray (6.3).

8. The device for determining the support range of anchor rods and cables based on transparent soil materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The front plate (3.2), the rear plate (3.5), the left plate (3.4) and the right plate (3.6) are all made of transparent acrylic plates.

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