A cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation cylinder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation cylinder, comprising a cylinder, a conical cylinder, an ash hopper cylinder and an ash hopper conical cylinder arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, an air inlet pipe for connecting the outside and the inside of the cylinder is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder; the position of the air inlet pipe is arranged as follows: it is arranged upwardly with respect to the horizontal plane, and the incident direction of the gas entering the cylinder is biased toward the inner wall of the cylinder; a spiral separation cylinder is arranged in the cylinder; the spiral separation cylinder is a cylinder structure, and the cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder is a spiral line on the horizontal section perpendicular to the center line of the spiral separation cylinder; the spiral direction of the spiral line is opposite to the spiral direction of the airflow generated after the gas enters the cylinder from the air inlet pipe. By utilizing the spiral structure of the spiral separation cylinder, the gas spirals upward along the outer wall of the spiral separation cylinder, and the dust particles in the gas spiral downward along the inner wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the spiral separation cylinder, so that the dust-containing gas entering the cyclone dust collector is fully separated under the action of centrifugal force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cyclone dust collectors, and in particular to a cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation barrel. Background Art

[0002] Cyclone dust collector is a dry gas-solid separation device that uses the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of dust-laden gas to separate dust from the airflow. Cyclone dust collectors have been used in industrial production for more than a hundred years. This type of separation equipment has a high purification efficiency for capturing and separating coarser dust particles larger than 5-10μm, and is widely used in chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, construction and other industrial sectors.

[0003] Ordinary cyclone dust collectors have the following main features: simple structure, no moving parts in the body, no need for special auxiliary equipment, small footprint, low manufacturing and installation investment; large operational flexibility, stable performance, and not limited by the concentration and temperature of the dust-containing gas; no special requirements for the physical properties of the dust, and at the same time, according to the different requirements of chemical production, different materials can be selected or various wear-resistant and heat-resistant materials can be used to increase the service life.

[0004] While the cyclone dust collector has the above advantages, it also has its own disadvantages: the purification efficiency is low for finer dust particles below 5-10μm (especially fine dust particles with low density). In this case, the efficiency can be improved to a certain extent by increasing the inlet velocity of the dust-laden gas, but the pressure loss is increased.

[0005] Therefore, ordinary cyclone dust collectors, as primary dust removal equipment, usually have low dust removal efficiency when dealing with large air volumes, or face the problem of high dust removal efficiency but large wind pressure loss at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation cylinder to solve the technical problem in the prior art that high dust removal efficiency and low wind pressure loss cannot be achieved simultaneously.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions: a cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation barrel, comprising a cavity; an air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the cavity; the position of the air inlet pipe is set as follows: it is inclined upward relative to the horizontal plane, and the incident direction of the gas entering the cavity is biased toward the inner wall of the cavity; an exhaust interface is provided at the top of the cavity, and an ash removal interface is provided at the bottom of the cavity; a spiral separation barrel is provided in the barrel; the spiral separation barrel is an open spiral barrel structure, and the barrel wall of the spiral separation barrel is a spiral line in a horizontal section perpendicular to the center line of the spiral separation barrel; the spiral direction of the spiral line is opposite to the spiral direction of the airflow generated after the gas enters the barrel from the air inlet pipe; and the outermost barrel wall of the spiral separation barrel is close to the inner wall of the barrel.

[0008] Furthermore, the center line of the spiral separation cylinder coincides with the center line of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the positional relationship between the spiral separation cylinder and the air inlet pipe is set as follows: a rectangular coordinate system is established with the center line of the cavity as the origin to form four quadrant areas; the air inlet pipe is located in one of the quadrant areas, and along the direction of the airflow spiral, the end face of the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder is located in the quadrant area that the airflow last reaches.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the cavity is provided with an air intake guide baffle facing the spiral separation cylinder; the end of the air intake guide baffle is fixed to the outer wall surface of the spiral separation cylinder; the position of the air intake guide baffle is set to: the opposite direction area relative to the spiral direction after the gas enters the cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the wall of the spiral separation cylinder is provided with one or more groups of corrugated parts in the height direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity includes a cylinder, a conical cylinder, an ash hopper cylinder and an ash hopper conical cylinder arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the exhaust interface is arranged at the top of the cylinder; the ash removal interface is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper conical cylinder; and the air inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, in the spiral separation cylinder, the number of turns of the spiral line is 1.3-1.7.

[0014] Furthermore, in the spiral separation cylinder, the pitch of the spiral line is 0.207D-0.256D, where D is the cylinder diameter.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle between the upper plane or the lower plane of the air intake pipe and the horizontal plane is 1°-5°.

[0016] Further, referring to the rectangular coordinate system, the distance from the center of the cylinder to the intersection of the center line of the intake pipe and the coordinate axis is 0.279-0.328D, where D is the diameter of the cylinder; the angle between the center line of the intake pipe and another coordinate axis is 10°-20°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The cyclone dust collector provided by the present invention is equipped with a spiral separation barrel. By utilizing the spiral structure of the spiral separation barrel, the gas spirals upward along the outer wall of the spiral separation barrel, and the dust particles in the gas spiral downward along the inner wall of the barrel and the inner wall of the spiral separation barrel, so that the dust-containing gas entering the cyclone dust collector is fully separated under the action of centrifugal force; the dust-containing gas in the airflow is also separated into light and dark, which can greatly improve the dust removal efficiency under low wind resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Medium AA view;

[0022] Figure 3 A top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle BB view;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a front view of a velocity cloud diagram of a gas-solid two-phase flow numerical simulation result according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A top view of a velocity cloud diagram of a gas-solid two-phase flow numerical simulation result according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a front view of a particle trajectory diagram of a gas-solid two-phase flow numerical simulation result according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a top view of a particle trajectory diagram of a gas-solid two-phase flow numerical simulation result according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0028] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0029] 1- chamber, 2- cylinder, 3- conical cylinder, 4- ash hopper cylinder, 5- ash hopper conical cylinder, 6- spiral separation cylinder;

[0030] 11-intake pipe, 12-exhaust interface, 13-ash removal interface;

[0031] 61-intake guide baffle, 62-corrugated part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a specific embodiment of a cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation barrel, including a cavity 1, and the side wall of the cavity 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 11 for connecting the outside and the inside of the cavity 1; the position of the air inlet pipe 11 is set to: be inclined upward relative to the horizontal plane, and make the incident direction of the gas entering the cavity 1 biased toward the inner wall of the cavity 1, so that the gas generates a spiral upward airflow after entering the cavity 1.

[0034] The initial direction of the gas entering the cavity 1 is upward along the inner wall of the cavity 1; the top of the cavity 1 is provided with an exhaust interface 12 for connecting the outside and inside of the cavity 1 to discharge the gas; the bottom of the cavity 1 is provided with a dust removal interface 13 for connecting the outside and inside of the cavity 1 to discharge dust particles.

[0035] A spiral separation cylinder 6 is provided in the cavity 1, and the spiral separation cylinder 6 is an open spiral cylinder structure. The position of the spiral separation cylinder 6 in the cavity 1 allows the spiral airflow generated after the gas enters the cavity 1 from the air inlet pipe 11 to enter the spiral separation cylinder 6, so as to separate the dust particles in the gas from the gas and realize dust removal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the structure and shape of the cavity are not limited. The cavity can be understood as the shell of the entire cyclone dust collector. As long as the gas can flow in a relatively sealed space, it belongs to the protection scope of this application.

[0037] A specific embodiment of a cavity is provided below, as shown in the figure:

[0038] The cavity 1 includes a cylinder 2, a conical cylinder 3, an ash hopper cylinder 4 and an ash hopper conical cylinder 5 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein, the exhaust interface 12 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 2; the ash removal interface 13 is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper conical cylinder 5; and the air inlet pipe 11 is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder 2.

[0039] The main part of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is located inside the cylinder 2, and the bottom of the spiral separation cylinder 6 may not exceed the cylinder 2, or may extend downward into the interior of the conical cylinder 3, without any specific limitation.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the airflow enters the cylinder 2 from the outside, a part of the dust-containing gas rotates toward the wall of the cone due to the change in the channel. This part of the airflow rotating downward has a better sedimentation effect itself and has the function of blowing away the dust in the cone. At the same time, when the upward rotating airflow reaches the upper position of the cylinder 2, part of it will be converted into a downward rotating reflux, and this part of the airflow can play a role in secondary dust removal.

[0041] The present application provides an embodiment of a spiral separation cylinder, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown:

[0042] The wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is in the form of a spiral line in a horizontal section perpendicular to the center line of the spiral separation cylinder 6; the spiral direction of the spiral line is opposite to the spiral direction of the airflow generated after the gas enters the cylinder body 2 from the air inlet pipe 11, so that the gas can enter the spiral separation cylinder 6 from the outermost wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6.

[0043] After the gas enters the cylinder 2 along the air inlet pipe 11, it spirals upward along the airflow guide space formed between the inner wall of the cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6. Under the action of centrifugal force, dust particles with a density greater than that of the gas are thrown toward the inner wall of the cylinder 2. After the dust particles come into contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 2, they lose their inertial force and spiral downward along the inner wall of the cylinder 2 by the momentum of the inlet velocity and the downward gravity, thereby achieving preliminary separation of the gas and dust particles.

[0044] When the airflow passes through the outermost wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6, the dust particles spiral downward from the space between the outer side of the wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 2, and the gas enters the spiral separation cylinder 6 from the inner side of the wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6, thereby achieving the separation of most of the dust particles and the gas. The gas entering the spiral separation cylinder 6 still contains some dust particles; while most of the dust particles continue to spiral downward until they enter the conical cylinder 3.

[0045] After entering the spiral separation cylinder 6, the gas spirals upward along the spiral path. Under the action of centrifugal force, the gas and the dust particles inside it are separated again. The dust particles spiral downward along the inner wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 and fall into the conical cylinder 3. The gas is discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the cylinder 2.

[0046] During the whole process, the fresh air entering from the rear exerts pressure on the dust particles separated from the front toward the inner wall of the cylinder 2 or the inner wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6, and combines with the centrifugal force to promote the separation of gas and dust particles and improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0047] In this embodiment, the center line of the spiral separation cylinder 6 coincides with the center line of the cylinder 2, and the entire spiral separation cylinder 6 is located at the geometric center of the entire cylinder 2, so that the width of the airflow guide space formed between the cylinder 2 and the spiral separation cylinder 6 is approximately consistent, so that the external force generated by the airflow to separate the dust particles in the process of the airflow spiraling upward along the airflow guide space is also approximately the same, thereby ensuring that the dust removal efficiency is approximately consistent in the process of the airflow passing through the airflow guide space.

[0048] When the airflow enters the cylinder 2 and spirals upward along the airflow guide space, when it enters the spiral separation cylinder 6 directly affects the dust removal efficiency and the amount of wind pressure loss. Entering the spiral separation cylinder 6 too early affects the dust removal efficiency, and entering the spiral separation cylinder 6 too late increases the wind pressure loss.

[0049] An embodiment is provided for this purpose, such as Figure 2 As shown:

[0050] The positional relationship between the spiral separation cylinder 6 and the air inlet pipe 11 is set as follows: a rectangular coordinate system is established on the horizontal section of the cylinder 2 with the center line of the cylinder 2 as the origin, and the interior of the cylinder 2 is divided into four quadrants; the air inlet pipe 11 is located in one of the quadrants, and along the direction of the airflow spiral, the end face of the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is located in the quadrant where the airflow last reaches.

[0051] Among them, preferably: Figure 2 As shown, the air inlet pipe 11 is located in the central area of ​​the fourth quadrant area; the end surface of the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is located at the junction of the second quadrant area and the third quadrant area.

[0052] The above positional relationship achieves a balance between dust removal efficiency and wind pressure loss.

[0053] In order to ensure that the gas can spiral upward along a preset path after entering the cylinder 2 to avoid turbulence and affect the wind pressure; an embodiment is provided, such as Figure 2 As shown:

[0054] The inner wall surface of the cylinder 2 is provided with an air inlet guide baffle 61 facing the spiral separation cylinder 6; the end of the air inlet guide baffle 61 is fixed to the outer wall surface of the spiral separation cylinder 6; the specific position of the air inlet guide baffle 61 is: relative to the incident direction of the gas entering the cylinder 2, the opposite direction area,

[0055] In this embodiment, the gas enters the cylinder 2 through the air inlet pipe 11 to generate a counterclockwise spiral upward airflow, and the spiral line of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is clockwise. The specific position of the air inlet guide baffle 61 is: located in the opposite direction of the counterclockwise spiral upward of the gas, that is, located on the left side of the air inlet pipe 11.

[0056] The air intake guide baffle 61 plays a guiding role, preventing the gas from flowing to the left side, and only allowing the gas to flow to the right side, forming a counterclockwise spiral upward airflow, thereby reducing wind pressure loss.

[0057] At the same time, the air intake guide baffle 61 also plays a role in fixing the spiral separation cylinder 6; in order to ensure the stability of the spiral separation cylinder 6, other supporting members can be added to fix the spiral separation cylinder 6 inside the cylinder body 2.

[0058] In order to further improve the dust removal efficiency, Figure 4 As shown, the wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 is provided with one or more groups of corrugated portions 62 in the height direction; the corrugated structure disturbs the airflow entering the spiral separation cylinder 6, prolongs the residence time of the airflow, facilitates the deposition of dust particles at the boundary of the airflow at the corrugated portion 62, and improves the dust removal efficiency.

[0059] In this embodiment, three groups of wave portions are arranged on the wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 .

[0060] The size of the spiral separation cylinder 6 relative to the cylinder 2 will also affect the dust removal efficiency and the size of the wind pressure loss. Therefore, an embodiment is provided. Figure 2 As shown:

[0061] In the spiral separation cylinder 6, the number of turns of the spiral line is 1.3-1.7, preferably 1.5.

[0062] In the spiral separation cylinder 6, the pitch M1 of the spiral line is 0.207D-0.256D, preferably 0.232D (wherein D is the diameter of the cylinder 2).

[0063] In the spiral separation cylinder 6, the spiral diameters corresponding to the end faces of the innermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 and the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6, that is, the spiral diameters at P1 and P2 in the figure are 0.122D and 0.817D respectively (where D is the diameter of the cylinder 2).

[0064] The spiral separation cylinder 6 of the above dimensions makes the outermost wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6 close to the inner wall of the cylinder 2, which is the position of P2 in the figure, and its distance from the inner wall of the cylinder 2 is 0.183D. The approximate boundary surface between the gas and dust particles at this position overlaps with the position of the outermost wall of the spiral separation cylinder 6, while ensuring the dust removal efficiency, the wind pressure loss can be reduced, so that the dust removal efficiency and the size of the wind pressure loss reach a balance.

[0065] At the same time, the amount of gas entering the cylinder 2 per unit time and the incident angle of the gas entering the cylinder 2 will also affect the dust removal efficiency and the size of the wind pressure loss. Therefore, an embodiment is provided for the specific size and specific position of the air inlet pipe 11, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown:

[0066] The width W of the air inlet pipe 11 is 0.195-0.244D, preferably 0.22D (wherein D is the diameter of the cylinder 2).

[0067] If the upward inclination angle of the air inlet pipe 11 is too large, the residence time and the number of rotations of the airflow in the cylinder and the spiral separation cylinder will be reduced, resulting in a low dust removal efficiency.

[0068] Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle β between the upper plane or the lower plane of the air inlet pipe 11 and the horizontal plane is 0°-5°, preferably 4°.

[0069] According to the rectangular coordinate system established in this embodiment as a reference, the distance M2 from the center of the cylinder 2 to the intersection of the center line of the air intake pipe 11 and the X-axis is 0.279-0.328D, preferably 0.304D (where D is the diameter of the cylinder 2); the angle α between the center line of the air intake pipe 11 and the Y-axis is 10°-20°, preferably 15°.

[0070] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, the DPM discrete phase model is used to perform numerical simulation on the embodiment of the present invention. The simulation conditions are as follows: the inlet gas velocity is 32.8 m / s, the maximum particle diameter is 0.67916 mm, the minimum particle diameter is 0.00199 mm, the average particle size is 0.023661 mm, the particle size is assumed to conform to the Rosin-Rammler distribution, the distribution index is 1.25, the number of particle sizes is 10, and the simulated gas medium is air.

[0071] The simulation results show that the wind pressure loss of the embodiment of the present invention is only 262Pa, and the dust removal efficiency is as high as 94.4%.

[0072] This proves that the cyclone dust collector adopting the structure of the embodiment of the present application can greatly improve the dust removal efficiency under low wind resistance by utilizing the spiral structure of the spiral separation barrel.

[0073] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cyclone dust collector with a built-in spiral separation drum, characterized in that: comprising a cavity (1); An exhaust port (12) is provided at the top of the cavity (1), and an ash removal port (13) is provided at the bottom of the cavity (1); An air inlet pipe (11) is provided on the side wall of the cavity (1), and the air inlet pipe (11) is arranged to be inclined upward relative to a horizontal plane, so that the incident direction of gas entering the cavity (1) is biased towards the inner wall of the cavity (1), so as to generate a spiral upward airflow inside the cavity (1); A spiral separation cylinder (6) is arranged in the cavity (1), and the spiral separation cylinder (6) is an open spiral cylinder structure. The cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder (6) is in the form of a spiral line in a horizontal section perpendicular to the center line of the spiral separation cylinder (6); and the spiral direction of the spiral line is opposite to the spiral direction of the airflow generated after the gas enters the cavity (1) from the air inlet pipe (11); the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder (6) is close to the inner wall of the cavity (1), and is located at a position overlapping with the interface between the gas and the dust particles; The spiral separation cylinder (6) is positioned in the cavity (1) such that the spiral airflow generated by the gas entering the cavity (1) from the air inlet pipe (11) can enter the interior of the spiral separation cylinder (6); The spiral airflow is capable of contacting the inner wall of the cavity (1) and the inner wall of the spiral separation cylinder (6) to remove dust; The positional relationship between the spiral separation cylinder (6) and the air inlet pipe (11) is set as follows: a rectangular coordinate system is established on a horizontal cross-section of the cavity (1) with the center line of the cavity (1) as the origin, and the cavity (1) is divided into four quadrants; the air inlet pipe (11) is located in one of the quadrants, and along the direction of the airflow spiral, the outermost cylinder wall of the spiral separation cylinder (6) is located in the quadrant that the airflow reaches last.

2. The built-in spiral separation drum cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the spiral separation cylinder (6) coincides with the center line of the cavity (1).

3. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the cavity (1) is provided with an air intake guide baffle (61) facing the spiral separation cylinder (6), and the end of the air intake guide baffle (61) is fixed to the outer wall surface of the spiral separation cylinder (6); The position of the air intake guide baffle (61) is set to be in a region opposite to the spiral direction of the gas after it enters the cavity (1).

4. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The wall of the spiral separation cylinder (6) is provided with one or more groups of corrugated portions (62) in the height direction.

5. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The cavity (1) comprises a cylinder (2), a conical cylinder (3), an ash hopper cylinder (4) and an ash hopper conical cylinder (5) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The exhaust port (12) is arranged at the top of the cylinder (2); the ash removal port (13) is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper conical cylinder (5); and the air inlet pipe (11) is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder (2).

6. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the spiral separation cylinder (6), the number of turns of the spiral line is 1.3-1.

7.

7. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the spiral separation cylinder (6), the pitch of the spiral line is 0.207D-0.256D, where D is the diameter of the cylinder (2).

8. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle between the upper plane or the lower plane of the air inlet pipe (11) and the horizontal plane is 1°-5°.

9. The cyclone dust collector with built-in spiral separation drum according to claim 8, characterized in that: With reference to the rectangular coordinate system, the distance from the center of the cylinder (2) to the intersection of the center line of the air intake pipe (11) and the coordinate axis is 0.279-0.328D, where D is the diameter of the cylinder (2); and the angle between the center line of the air intake pipe (11) and another coordinate axis is 10°-20°.

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