A silage harvester crop cutting, classifying, and screening apparatus and method

Abstract

A silage harvester crop cutting grading and screening device and method, the silage harvester crop cutting grading and screening device comprises a base body, the base body comprises a shell and a sliding platform arranged on the shell, a translation sliding rail is arranged on the sliding platform; a grading and screening mechanism is installed on the base body, the grading and screening mechanism comprises a screen support, a bottom box and a plurality of screen boxes, the screen support is installed on the sliding platform and connected with the translation sliding rail; the bottom box is arranged on the screen box, a plurality of screen boxes are sequentially stacked on the bottom box, the bottom of each screen box is provided with a screen mesh, and the aperture of the screen mesh is arranged from large to small from top to bottom; and a control mechanism is installed on the base body and connected with the grading and screening mechanism. The silage harvester crop cutting grading and screening method is disclosed, and can be used for realizing multi-stage rapid length classification of cut crops and automatic evaluation of cutting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to a crop cutting, grading and screening device and method for a silage harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Silage harvesters are essential harvesting machines for silage. The overall operational quality of a silage harvester is primarily determined by the quality of the chopped crop and the operating efficiency. The chopped quality of the silage crop directly affects the subsequent fermentation effect and the preservation of its nutritional value. Therefore, in the research, design, and validation of silage harvesters, the standard grass length ratio, as a characterizing information of silage chopped quality, is a crucial indicator for evaluating the operational performance of silage harvesters.

[0003] Currently, in silage cutting, silage is mainly sorted by cutting length through manual screening, which has problems such as low efficiency, high randomness of operation, and large sorting error. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crop cutting, grading and screening device and method for silage harvesters, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a crop cutting, grading, and screening device for a silage harvester, comprising:

[0006] The base includes a housing and a sliding platform disposed on the housing, wherein a translational slide rail is provided on the sliding platform;

[0007] A grading and screening mechanism is installed on the base. The mechanism includes a sieve support, a base box, and multiple sieve boxes. The sieve support is installed on the sliding platform and connected to the translational slide rail. The base box is disposed on the sieve boxes, and multiple sieve boxes are stacked sequentially on the base box. Each sieve box has a screen at its bottom, and the mesh size of the screen decreases from top to bottom.

[0008] A control mechanism is mounted on the substrate and connected to the grading and screening mechanism.

[0009] In the above-mentioned crop cutting, grading and screening device for silage harvesters, the control mechanism includes a controller, a power disk and a linear bearing. The power disk is connected to the controller and the linear bearing respectively. The linear bearing is installed on the sliding platform and connected to the translational slide rail. The screen tray is connected to the power disk through a connecting block.

[0010] In the above-mentioned crop cutting, grading and screening device for silage harvesters, the control mechanism further includes a limit switch, which is installed on the sliding platform corresponding to the screen tray and connected to the controller.

[0011] The above-mentioned silage harvester crop cutting, grading and screening device further includes a rotating component, which is installed on the screen holder and connected to the bottom box.

[0012] In the above-mentioned crop cutting, grading and screening device for silage harvesters, the control mechanism further includes a rotary limit switch, which is disposed on the screen tray or sliding platform corresponding to the rotating component and connected to the controller.

[0013] In the above-mentioned crop cutting, grading and screening device for silage harvesters, the screen tray is a rectangular disc-shaped structure, and lifting rings are provided around the screen tray.

[0014] In the above-mentioned silage harvester crop cutting, grading and screening device, the screen box is a rectangular box, and there are 8 screen boxes. The mesh size of each screen box is arranged from top to bottom from largest to smallest as 25mm, 22mm, 19mm, 16mm, 13mm, 10mm, 7mm and 4mm.

[0015] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for crop cutting, grading, and screening in a silage harvester, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S100. Start screening preparation. Place the silage to be screened in the top screen box of the grading and screening mechanism, assemble multiple screen boxes to the initial working state, and start the control mechanism to the stationary state.

[0017] S200, Set the optimal parameters, including screening speed, screening stroke, number of round trips, and number of strokes;

[0018] S300. Start the screening process, perform unidirectional screening, and after a set delay time, make the grading screening mechanism perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail, and complete the reciprocating screening in the same direction with a set number of round trips according to the set screening speed and screening stroke.

[0019] S400, Reversing sieving: After the sieving reaches the set number of times, the reciprocating sieving motion stops and the grading and screening mechanism is rotated 90 degrees, then continues to perform reciprocating sieving motion on the translation slide rail until the set number of times is reached and then stops; and

[0020] S500 silage machine chopping performance analysis: After screening to the required number of times, the mass distribution of each chopped length segment is obtained by weighing, and intelligent processing and analysis are performed to display the measurement and analysis results of the silage machine chopping quality index.

[0021] In the above-mentioned crop cutting, grading and screening method for silage harvesters, step S400, after rotating the grading and screening mechanism by 90 degrees, also includes screen box position detection, detecting whether the screen box has rotated to the correct position and judging the number of strokes; if the detection does not indicate that the screen box has rotated to the correct position, the machine continues to wait for the rotation to complete; if the detection indicates that the screen box has rotated to the correct position but the number of strokes has not reached the set number, the machine continues to perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail; if the detection indicates that the screen box has rotated to the correct position and the number of strokes has reached the set number of reciprocating strokes, the reciprocating screening stops.

[0022] The above-mentioned method for crop cutting, grading, and screening in a silage harvester further includes, in step S500:

[0023] S501. Determine the silage chopping length distribution model. Based on the fact that the distribution of silage chopping length relative to cumulative mass follows a log-Gaussian distribution, calculate the probability density function of the silage length distribution as follows:

[0024]

[0025] S502. Estimate the distribution characteristics of silage chopping. The maximum likelihood unbiased algorithm is used for parameter estimation by constructing the maximum likelihood function L. X (u) is used to solve for the key characteristic parameters of the silage distribution model, namely the chopping distribution parameters. and σ l :

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] in, The average length of the material in the i-th segment; m i The mass of the material in the i-th segment; σ represents the mean distribution of the length of the shredded material; l The variance of the distribution of the length of the shredded material;

[0030] S503. Calculate the standard silage grass length ratio. Based on the established log-Gaussian distribution model, use the chopping distribution parameters. and σ l Applying the continuous cumulative distribution function F of the log-Gaussian distribution X (x), to obtain the standard chopped grass length S during silage harvesting. c :

[0031] S c =[F X (1.2*l c )-F X(0.7*l c )]×100%;

[0032] Among them, l c This refers to the theoretical cutting length of a forage harvester;

[0033] S504. To evaluate the silage harvesting and chopping performance, multiple sets of field tests under varying working conditions were conducted. Feeding speed, operating speed, and moisture content were selected as variable factors to set the test conditions. Multiple sets of chopping distribution data under different theoretical cutting lengths were obtained to evaluate and calculate the chopping quality performance index S of the silage harvester.

[0034]

[0035] Where S is the comprehensive performance score of the silage machine for chopping quality, with a value ranging from 0 to 100; S ci The standard grass growth rate test result for the i-th experimental group; i is the experimental group number; N is the total number of experimental groups.

[0036] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0037] This invention uses a linear motor to repeatedly screen silage crops within a sieve. The screening frequency and amplitude are adjustable, and it can be used to achieve multi-level rapid length classification and automatic evaluation of cut crop quality.

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the substrate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Among them, the attached figures are labeled

[0045] 1 matrix

[0046] 11 Casing

[0047] 12 sliding platforms

[0048] 13 translation slide rails

[0049] 2 Control mechanism

[0050] 21-speed power plate

[0051] 22 linear bearings

[0052] 23 connecting blocks

[0053] 24 limit switches

[0054] 25 Rotary Limit Switch

[0055] 3-tier screening agency

[0056] 31 sieve tray

[0057] 32 base box

[0058] 33 sieve box

[0059] 34 mesh

[0060] 35 Rotating Parts

[0061] 36 lifting rings Detailed Implementation

[0062] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0063] See Figures 1-4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view (AA). The silage harvester crop cutting, grading, and screening device of the present invention includes: a base 1, the base 1 including a shell 11 and a sliding platform 12 disposed on the shell 11, the sliding platform 12 being provided with a translational slide rail 13; a grading and screening mechanism 3, installed on the base 1, the grading and screening mechanism 3 including a sieve support 31, a bottom box 32 and a plurality of sieve boxes 33, the sieve support 31 being installed on the sliding platform 12 and connected to the translational slide rail 13; the bottom box 32 being disposed on the sieve boxes 33, the plurality of sieve boxes 33 being stacked sequentially on the bottom box 32, each sieve box 33 having a sieve mesh 34 at its bottom, the aperture of the sieve mesh 34 being arranged from large to small from top to bottom; and a control mechanism 2, installed on the base 1 and connected to the grading and screening mechanism 3.

[0064] The control mechanism 2 includes a controller, a power disk 21, and a linear bearing 22. The power disk 21 is connected to both the controller and the linear bearing 22. The linear bearing 22 is mounted on the sliding platform 12 and connected to the translational slide rail 13. The screen tray 31 is connected to the power disk 21 via a connecting block 23. The power disk 21 is preferably a linear motor. The control mechanism 2 may also include a limit switch 24, which is mounted on the sliding platform 12 corresponding to the screen tray 31 and connected to the controller. The controller may be mounted on the sliding platform 12, or it may be a remote control.

[0065] In this embodiment, the grading and screening mechanism 3 further includes a rotating component 35, which is mounted on the screen tray 31 and connected to the sliding platform 12. The rotating component 35 may be, for example, a plurality of rotating balls evenly distributed on the screen tray 31. The control mechanism 2 may also include a rotary limit switch 25, which is disposed on the screen tray 31 or the sliding platform 12 corresponding to the rotating component 35 and connected to the controller.

[0066] The sieve support 31 is preferably a rectangular disc-shaped structure, and lifting rings 36 are respectively provided around the sieve support 31; the sieve box 33 is preferably eight rectangular boxes adapted to the bottom box 32 and the sieve support 31, and the sieve mesh 34 has a standard length aperture. The aperture of the sieve mesh 34 of each sieve box 33 is arranged from top to bottom from largest to smallest as 25mm, 22mm, 19mm, 16mm, 13mm, 10mm, 7mm and 4mm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the screen support 31 is the base support device of the grading screen, with the grading screen on top. It can drive the grading screen to move on the translation slide rail 13, which can securely fix the grading screen and realize reciprocating lateral movement. The power disk 21 can generate driving force to drive the screen support 31 to realize the reciprocating movement of the grading screen. Preferably, a linear motor generates driving force to make the screen support 31 and the grading screen move. The translation slide rail 13 can limit the movement stroke of the screen support 31, which can realize the reciprocating movement of the screen support 31 and the grading screen on the slide rail within a specified range. The shell 11 provides a certain support and protection for the entire grading screen. The grading screen has 9 layers of grading, which can realize the purpose of screening silage shredded materials of different lengths. The limit switch 24 is used as a limiter to realize the positioning control of the movement. Three limit switches can be set. Among them, the rotary limit switch 25 is used to determine whether the screen box 33 has rotated to the correct position, and the other two limit switches 24 are used to detect whether the number of strokes has reached the set number, and to detect whether the screen support 31 has moved to the limited position. The limit switch 24, also known as a travel switch, mainly relies on the collision of certain moving parts of the production machinery with the switch's linkage to drive the switch contacts, causing closed contacts to open or open contacts to close. Therefore, the change in the switch contact state controls the operation of the circuit and mechanism. This limit switch 24 can detect and control the movement of the screen holder 31 on the slide rail, detect whether the grading screen has reached the predetermined parameters, and detect whether the grading screen has rotated to the correct position, thereby controlling the movement state of the grading screen. In actual application, the grading and screening mechanism 3 has 9 layers. Except for the bottom box 32, which has a solid bottom structure, each layer of screen box 33 has a screen 34 at its bottom. The screen 34 has different aperture sizes, corresponding to 8 standard length aperture sizes for silage. The screen 34 sizes should be arranged from largest to smallest for easy screening; therefore, from top to bottom, they are 25mm, 22mm, 19mm, 16mm, 13mm, 10mm, 7mm, and 4mm, to screen silage shredded materials of different lengths.

[0068] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an embodiment of the present invention. The crop cutting, grading, and screening method for silage harvesters of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0069] Step S100: Begin screening preparation. Place the silage to be screened into the topmost screen box 33 of the grading and screening mechanism 3. Assemble multiple screen boxes 33 into the initial working state. Start the control mechanism 2 to the stationary state. The initial state is when the entire screening device is stationary, which is essentially the state when the top layer of silage is placed on the top layer and is stationary. The screening control device consists of a motor and limit switches. The motor enables the screening tray 31 to move on the slide rail, and the limit switches control the movement of the screening tray 31 on the slide rail. This screening control device serves to achieve both dynamic and static movement in the screening device of this application. This device can also determine the length parameters of the silage cut pieces after the silage harvester.

[0070] Step S200: Set the preferred parameters, including screening speed, screening stroke, number of round trips, and number of strokes;

[0071] Step S300: Start the screening process, perform unidirectional screening, and after a set delay time, make the grading screening mechanism 3 perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail 13, and complete the reciprocating screening in the same direction with a set number of round trips according to the set screening speed and screening stroke.

[0072] Step S400: Reversing the sieving direction. After the sieving reaches the set number of times, the reciprocating sieving motion is stopped and the grading and screening mechanism 3 is rotated 90 degrees. Then, the reciprocating sieving motion on the translation slide rail 13 continues until the set number of times is reached and then it stops. In this embodiment, after a delay of about two seconds, the grading screen and the screen holder 31 are made to reciprocate the sieving motion on the translation slide rail 13. The sieving process can be summarized in the following steps: Step 1, place the silage in the top layer of the grading screen and start the equipment to allow it to remain stationary; Step 2, set a certain speed and design the sieving stroke so that the grading screen, along with the screen holder 31, reciprocates on the translational slide rail 13; Step 3, after a delay of about two seconds, once the set number of sieving cycles has been reached, stop the motor and rotate the screen box 3390 degrees. If the desired number of cycles has been reached, check the number of sieving cycles; if not, continue rotating to the appropriate position; Step 4, if the limit switch is activated after the set number of sieving cycles has been reached, causing the screen box 33 to stop moving and remain stationary, the grading and screening of the silage is complete. In Step 3, the reciprocating sieving motion represents the state where the screen box 33, along with the screen holder 31, can reciprocate after startup. When the limit switch detects that the set number of reciprocations has been reached, Step 4 begins, allowing it to perform a final unidirectional movement until the screen box 33 stops moving and reaches a stationary state; and

[0073] Step S500: Silage machine chopping performance analysis. After the screening reaches the required number of times, the mass distribution of each chopped length segment is obtained by weighing, and the results of intelligent processing and analysis are displayed to show the measurement and analysis results of the silage machine chopping quality index.

[0074] In step S400, after rotating the grading and screening mechanism 3 by 90 degrees, the position detection of the screen box 33 is also included. This involves detecting whether the screen box 33 has rotated to the correct position and determining the number of strokes. If the position is not detected, the system continues to wait for the screen box to rotate to the correct position. If the position is detected but the number of strokes has not reached the set number, the system continues to perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail 13. If the position is detected and the number of strokes reaches the set number of reciprocating strokes, the reciprocating screening stops. The rotation angle of the screen box 33 can be detected by directly rotating the screen box 33. After rotation, the rotation limit switch below the screen box 33 is used to detect whether the screen box has rotated to the correct position. If the screen box 33 has rotated 90 degrees, the rotation is confirmed to be complete. The stroke determination of the screen box 33 is also achieved through the limit switch, which controls the set number of movements of the screen support 31 on the slide rail.

[0075] In step S500, the average material length and mass within each of the 9 layers and 8 sieves 34 are weighed to obtain the mean and variance of the chopped material length distribution. This mass distribution can be used to evaluate the shredding performance of silage harvesting. Further steps include:

[0076] Step S501: Determine the silage chopping length distribution model. Based on the fact that the distribution of silage chopping length relative to cumulative mass follows a log-Gaussian distribution, calculate the probability density function of the silage length distribution as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Step S502: Estimate the distribution characteristic parameters of silage chopping. The maximum likelihood unbiased algorithm is used for parameter estimation, by constructing the maximum likelihood function L. X (u) is used to solve for the key characteristic parameters of the silage distribution model, namely the chopping distribution parameters. and σ l :

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] in, The average length (mm) of the material in the i-th segment; m i The mass (g) of the material in the i-th segment; σ represents the average length distribution of the shredded material (mm); l The variance of the distribution of the length of the shredded material;

[0083] Step S503: Calculate the standard silage grass length ratio. Based on the established log-Gaussian distribution model, use the chopping distribution parameters. and σ l Applying the continuous cumulative distribution function F of the log-Gaussian distribution X (x), to obtain the standard chopped grass length S during silage harvesting. c :

[0084] S c =[F X (1.2*l c )-F X (0.7*l c )]×100%;

[0085] Among them, l c This represents the theoretical cutting length (mm) for the forage harvester.

[0086] Step S504: Evaluate the silage harvesting and chopping performance. Through multiple sets of field trials under varying working conditions, the experimental conditions are set by selecting feeding speed, operating speed, and moisture content as variable factors. Multiple sets of chopping distribution data under different theoretical cutting lengths are obtained to evaluate and calculate the chopping quality performance index S of the silage harvester.

[0087]

[0088] Where S is the comprehensive performance score of the silage machine for chopping quality, with a value ranging from 0 to 100; S ci The standard grass growth rate (%) is the result of the test for the i-th test group; i is the test group number; N is the total number of test groups.

[0089] When calculating the probability density function of silage length distribution, l represents the material length, u represents the distribution value of the material length, and σ... l It is the variance of the distribution of the length of the shredded material; when constructing the maximum likelihood function, The average length (mm) of the material in the i-th segment; m i It is the mass (g) of the material in the i-th segment; It is the average length distribution (mm) of the shredded material; σ l S is the variance of the length distribution of chopped material; when calculating the standard chopped grass length ratio at silage harvest, S c To improve the chopping qualification rate of forage harvesters, l c S represents the theoretical cutting length of the forage harvester; when calculating the chopping quality performance index of the silage harvester, S is the intelligent detection result of the chopping qualification rate of the forage harvester. ci The result of the chopping pass rate test for the i-th stroke is given, where i is the test run number and N is the total number of test runs.

[0090] This invention relates to a silage harvester's material cutting quality grading and screening device and evaluation method, comprising a cutting quality grading and screening device and a silage segment quality detection and evaluation method. The grading and screening device can screen the physical characteristics of the silage cutting length, thus providing an evaluation basis for the quality of silage harvesting operations. The device can adjust the vibration frequency, thereby solving the problems of extensive manual operation required for crop cutting classification, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and prone to errors. It plays a crucial role in all stages of silage processing, including classification, storage, and fermentation. Through automatic screening and data analysis of silage segment length, it effectively solves the problem of feed classification and screening in livestock farms, providing a unified measurement method for maintaining a stable and suitable silage grain particle size distribution and sufficient effective physical fiber, thereby ensuring livestock health. The corresponding silage segment quality detection and evaluation method facilitates the collection of measurement results and the acquisition of the crop silage quality proportion of each segment length across 34 layers of screens. Based on a Gaussian normal distribution crop silage distribution parameter extraction model, it extracts the distribution parameters of the material after cutting, achieving standardized detection and automatic evaluation of silage harvester segment length in the field.

[0091] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for testing and evaluating the quality of silage harvester cutting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100. Start screening preparation. Place the silage to be screened in the top screen box of the grading and screening mechanism, assemble multiple screen boxes to the initial working state, and start the control mechanism to the stationary state. S200, Set the optimal parameters, including screening speed, screening stroke, number of round trips, and number of strokes; S300. Start the screening process, perform unidirectional screening, and after a set delay time, make the grading screening mechanism perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail, and complete the reciprocating screening in the same direction with a set number of round trips according to the set screening speed and screening stroke. S400, Reversing screening: After the screening reaches the set number of times, the reciprocating screening motion stops and the grading screening mechanism is rotated 90 degrees. Then, the reciprocating screening motion continues on the translation slide rail until the set number of times is reached and then stops. as well as S500, silage machine chopping performance analysis: After screening reaches the required number of times, the mass distribution of each chopped length segment is obtained by weighing, and intelligent processing and analysis are performed to display the measurement and analysis results of the silage machine chopping quality index. Step S500 further includes: S501. Determine the silage chopping length distribution model. Based on the fact that the distribution of silage chopping length relative to cumulative mass follows a log-Gaussian distribution, calculate the probability density function of the silage length distribution as follows: ； S502. Estimate the distribution characteristics of silage chopping. The maximum likelihood unbiased algorithm is used for parameter estimation by constructing the maximum likelihood function L. X (u) Solve the equation to obtain the key characteristic parameters of the silage distribution model, namely the chopping distribution parameters. and : ； ； in, The average length of the material in the i-th segment; m i The mass of the material in the i-th segment; This represents the average distribution of the length of the shredded material. The variance of the distribution of the length of the shredded material; S503. Calculate the standard silage grass length ratio. Based on the established log-Gaussian distribution model, use the chopping distribution parameters. and Applying the continuous cumulative distribution function F of the log-Gaussian distribution X (x) yields the standard chopped grass length S at silage harvest. c : ； Among them, l c This refers to the theoretical cutting length of a forage harvester; S504. To evaluate the silage harvesting and chopping performance, multiple sets of field tests under varying working conditions were conducted. Feeding speed, operating speed, and moisture content were selected as variable factors to set the test conditions. Multiple sets of chopping distribution data under different theoretical cutting lengths were obtained to evaluate and calculate the chopping quality performance index S of the silage harvester. ， ； Where S is the comprehensive performance score of the silage machine for chopping quality, with a value ranging from 0 to 100; S ci The standard grass growth rate test result for the i-th experimental group; i is the experimental group number; N is the total number of experimental groups.

2. The method for testing and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S400, after rotating the grading and screening mechanism by 90 degrees, the step also includes screen box position detection, detecting whether the screen box has rotated to the correct position and determining the number of strokes; if the position is not detected, the system continues to wait for the rotation to complete; if the position is detected but the number of strokes has not reached the set number, the system continues to perform reciprocating screening motion on the translation slide rail; if the position is detected and the number of strokes reaches the set number of reciprocating strokes, the reciprocating screening stops.

3. The method for testing and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The silage harvester uses a crop cutting, grading, and screening device for sieving, including: The base includes a housing and a sliding platform disposed on the housing, wherein a translational slide rail is provided on the sliding platform; The grading and screening mechanism is installed on the base. The mechanism includes a sieve support, a base box, and multiple sieve boxes. The sieve support is installed on the sliding platform and connected to the translational slide rail. The base box is disposed on the sieve boxes, and multiple sieve boxes are stacked sequentially on the base box. Each sieve box has a screen at its bottom, with the screen aperture decreasing from top to bottom. A control mechanism is mounted on the substrate and connected to the grading and screening mechanism.

4. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control mechanism includes a controller, a power disk, and a linear bearing. The power disk is connected to the controller and the linear bearing respectively. The linear bearing is mounted on the sliding platform and connected to the translational slide rail. The screen holder is connected to the power disk through a connecting block.

5. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The control mechanism also includes a limit switch, which is mounted on the sliding platform corresponding to the screen holder and connected to the controller.

6. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The grading and screening mechanism also includes a rotating component, which is mounted on the screen holder and connected to the bottom box.

7. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The control mechanism also includes a rotary limit switch, which is disposed on the screen tray or sliding platform corresponding to the rotating component and connected to the controller.

8. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The screen holder is a rectangular disc-shaped structure, and lifting rings are provided around its four sides.

9. The method for detecting and evaluating the quality of silage harvester segments as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sieve box is a rectangular box, and there are 8 sieve boxes. The mesh size of the sieve in each sieve box is arranged from top to bottom from largest to smallest as follows: 25mm, 22mm, 19mm, 16mm, 13mm, 10mm, 7mm and 4mm.

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