A catadioptric panoramic lens

Abstract

The present invention provides a catadioptric panoramic lens, which is composed of a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a catadioptric prism, a fourth lens, an aperture stop, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens, a ninth lens and a flat glass in sequence from the object side to the image side; the first lens has a negative optical power, the second lens has a negative optical power, the third lens has a positive or negative optical power, the fourth lens has a positive optical power, the fifth lens has a positive optical power, the sixth lens has a negative optical power, the seventh lens has a positive optical power, the eighth lens has a negative optical power, and the ninth lens has a positive optical power; it satisfies the conditional formula: 6.0mm ≤ IMA ≤ 7.2mm, 0.1 < IMA / TTL < 0.3, 0.6 < CA1 / TTL < 0.7, 3.3 < IMA / FNO < 3.8, and can be paired with a large-format sensor to achieve high-resolution and large-field-angle imaging. The field angle is about 200°, meeting the user's demand for large-field panoramic imaging and realizing miniaturization of the lens; while meeting the requirement of light weight, it corrects aberrations as much as possible to improve the imaging quality and has high processability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, and in particular to a catadioptric panoramic lens. Background Art

[0002] Virtual and augmented reality technologies are crucial underpinning the next generation of information technology and the digital economy. In recent years, each new head-mounted display (HMD) product has garnered widespread attention from both the industry and the public. Lenses are a key element in HMDs, determining the user's visual experience. Panoramic lenses, in particular, provide an ultra-wide field of view, enabling a higher level of immersion and visual experience. For example, the Chinese invention patent application publication number CN213987004U, with the application publication date of August 17, 2021, discloses a fisheye lens for VR panoramic stitching, which includes the first to ninth lenses in sequence along an optical axis from the object side to the image side; the first to ninth lenses each include an object-side surface facing the object side and allowing the imaging light to pass through, and an image-side surface facing the image side and allowing the imaging light to pass through; the first lens has negative refractive power; the second lens has negative refractive power; the third lens has negative refractive power; the fourth lens has positive refractive power; the fifth lens has positive refractive power; the sixth lens has positive refractive power; the seventh lens has negative refractive power; the eighth lens has positive refractive power; and the ninth lens has negative refractive power; the optical imaging lens has only the above-mentioned nine lenses with refractive power. The utility model adopts nine lenses from the object side to the image side, and by designing each lens accordingly, the lens achieves high resolution, high resolution, and high uniformity from the center to the edge, which is conducive to stable image quality of stitching. However, while maintaining a wide field of view, image quality must be improved as much as possible, while reducing lens weight and size to accommodate a wider range of application scenarios. Furthermore, consideration must be given to processing difficulty to reduce manufacturing costs. Given this situation, improvement is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a catadioptric panoramic lens that can be used with a large-surface sensor to achieve high-resolution, large-field-of-view imaging with a field of view of approximately 200°, meeting users' needs for wide-field panoramic imaging and realizing lens miniaturization. While achieving lightweight, it can also correct aberrations as much as possible, improve imaging quality, and have good temperature characteristics, enabling the device to adapt to diversified application scenarios. It has high machinability and reduces production costs.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention solves it through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A catadioptric panoramic lens, which consists of, from the object side to the image side, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a catadioptric prism, a fourth lens, an aperture, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens, a ninth lens, and a flat glass;

[0006] The first lens has a negative optical power, the second lens has a negative optical power, the third lens has a positive or negative optical power, the fourth lens has a positive optical power, the fifth lens has a positive optical power, the sixth lens has a negative optical power, the seventh lens has a positive optical power, the eighth lens has a negative optical power, and the ninth lens has a positive optical power;

[0007] It satisfies the conditional formula: 6.0mm ≤ IMA ≤ 7.2mm, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens;

[0008] 0.1 < IMA / TTL < 0.3, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens and TTL represents the on-axis distance from the object side to the image side of the first lens;

[0009] 0.6 < CA1 / TTL < 0.7, where CA1 represents the effective clear aperture of the object side of the first lens;

[0010] 3.3 < IMA / FNO < 3.8, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens and FNO represents the f-number of the panoramic lens.

[0011] Preferably, the first lens is set as a glass spherical lens; the second lens and the fourth lens are set as molded aspherical lenses; the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens, the eighth lens, and the ninth lens are all set as plastic aspherical lenses; the flat glass is set as an infrared cut-off filter.

[0012] Preferably, the object side of the first lens is convex and the image side is concave; the object side of the second lens is convex and the image side is concave; the object side of the third lens is concave and the image side is convex; the object side of the fourth lens is convex and the image side is convex; the object side of the fifth lens is convex and the image side is convex; the object side of the sixth lens is concave and the image side is concave; the object side of the seventh lens is convex and the image side is convex; there is an inflection point on the image side of the seventh lens; the object side of the eighth lens is concave and the image side is concave; the object side of the ninth lens is convex and the image side is concave; there are inflection points on the object side and the image side of the ninth lens.

[0013] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formula VP ≥ 2, where VP represents the number of plastic lenses with a refractive index greater than 1.6 in the panoramic lens; it satisfies the conditional formula Nd1 ≥ 1.9, where Nd1 represents the refractive index of the first lens; Nd 2 / 4 ≥ 1.75, where Nd 2 / 4 represents the refractive index of the second lens and the fourth lens; Nd0 ≥ 1.85, where Nd0 represents the refractive index of the catadioptric prism.

[0014] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formula Hk≥728, where Hk represents the material hardness of the first lens.

[0015] Preferably, at 0.92 FOV, it satisfies the conditional formula VD≤3.5mm, where FOV represents the field of view of the panoramic lens and VD represents the viewpoint depth of the panoramic lens.

[0016] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formula 0.5<GT / TTL<0.7, where GT represents the sum of the central thicknesses of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the catadioptric prism, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens, the eighth lens, the ninth lens and the flat glass.

[0017] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formula L / TTL≈0.81, where L represents the on-axis distance from the object side surface of the first lens to the diaphragm.

[0018] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formula RI>55%, where RI represents the relative illuminance.

[0019] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional formulas 6.4<|f1 / f|<7.3; 1.35<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / f|<1.55; 2.7<|f8 / f|<3.3; |f8 / f9|≈0.45; 10.5<|(f5+f6+f7+f8+f9) / f|<14.2; 0.09<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / (f5+f6+f7+f8+f9)|<0.15;

[0020] Where, f1 represents the focal length of the first lens, f2 represents the focal length of the second lens, f3 represents the focal length of the third lens, f4 represents the focal length of the fourth lens, f5 represents the focal length of the fifth lens, f6 represents the focal length of the sixth lens, f7 represents the focal length of the seventh lens, f8 represents the focal length of the eighth lens, f9 represents the focal length of the ninth lens, and f represents the focal length of the panoramic lens.

[0021] Preferably, it satisfies the conditional expressions CT5 / ET5 < 1.8, ET6 / CT6 < 1.8, CT7 / ET7 < 3.1, ET8 / CT8 < 2.5, CT9 / ET9 < 1.5, where CT5 represents the central thickness of the fifth lens (15), ET5 represents the edge thickness of the fifth lens (15); CT6 represents the central thickness of the sixth lens (16), ET6 represents the edge thickness of the sixth lens (16); CT7 represents the central thickness of the seventh lens (17), ET7 represents the edge thickness of the seventh lens (17); CT8 represents the central thickness of the eighth lens (18), ET8 represents the edge thickness of the eighth lens (18); CT9 represents the central thickness of the ninth lens (19), ET9 represents the edge thickness of the ninth lens (19);

[0022] It satisfies the conditional expression EA < 40°, where EA represents the edge chamfer angle of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens, the eighth lens, and the ninth lens.

[0023] Preferably, the catadioptric prism is set as a hexahedral cube prism or a right-angle reflecting prism.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. Satisfying the conditional expressions 6.0 mm ≤ IMA ≤ 7.2 mm and 3.3 < IMA / FNO < 3.8 enables the present invention to be paired with a large-format sensor of 1 / 1.3 inch, and the field of view angle can reach 200°, meeting the user's requirements for ultra-wide-angle and high-resolution panoramic imaging;

[0026] 2. The present invention uses a catadioptric prism to shorten the optical path, satisfying 0.1 < IMA / TTL < 0.3 and 0.6 < CA1 / TTL < 0.7, and has the advantage of miniaturization;

[0027] 3. The present invention uses multiple plastic lenses, has the advantage of light weight, and ensures that the optical system has good temperature characteristics;

[0028] 4. The present invention satisfies the conditional expression Hk ≥ 728, and the first lens has a high hardness, ensuring that the system has high impact resistance;

[0029] 5. The present invention reasonably limits the thickness ratio of each lens, and the edge chamfer angle of each lens is less than 40°, ensuring that the present invention has high processability;

[0030] 6. The present invention has inflection points on the image side of the seventh lens, the object side and the image side of the ninth lens, corrects the aberration at a large field of view, improves the imaging quality, and obtains a high-resolution large-field panoramic image. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a right-angle reflecting prism);

[0033] Figure 3 is an optical transfer function curve diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0034] Figure 4 This is a spot diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0035] Figure 5 2 is an F-Theta distortion curve diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0036] Figure 6 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a second embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a right-angle reflecting prism);

[0038] Figure 8 is an optical transfer function curve diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0039] Figure 9 This is a spot diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0040] Figure 10 FIG4 is an F-Theta distortion curve diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0041] Figure 11 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a third embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0042] Figure 12 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a third embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a right-angle reflecting prism);

[0043] Figure 13 is an optical transfer function curve diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0044] Figure 14This is a spot diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0045] Figure 15 FIG4 is an F-Theta distortion curve diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention (the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism);

[0046] Reference numerals are: first lens 10 , second lens 11 , third lens 12 , folding prism 13 , fourth lens 14 , aperture 21 , fifth lens 15 , sixth lens 16 , seventh lens 17 , eighth lens 18 , ninth lens 19 , and flat glass 20 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0049] A catadioptric panoramic lens of the present invention comprises, from the object side to the image side, a first lens 10, a second lens 11, a third lens 12, a catadioptric prism 13, a fourth lens 14, an aperture 21, a fifth lens 15, a sixth lens 16, a seventh lens 17, an eighth lens 18, a ninth lens 19, and a flat glass 20. The catadioptric prism 13 is used to refract or reflect a light beam passing through the third lens 12 to the fourth lens 14. The catadioptric prism 13 can shorten the optical path and reduce the volume of the optical system. The catadioptric prism 13 can be a six-sided cubic prism or a right-angle reflecting prism. The right-angle reflecting prism can not only shorten the optical path but also redirect the light path.

[0050] The first lens 10 has negative optical power, the second lens 11 has negative optical power, the third lens 12 has positive or negative optical power, the fourth lens 13 has positive optical power, the fifth lens 14 has positive optical power, the sixth lens 15 has negative optical power, the seventh lens 16 has positive optical power, the eighth lens 17 has negative optical power, and the ninth lens 19 has positive optical power;

[0051] It satisfies the condition:

[0052] 6.0 mm ≤ IMA ≤ 7.2 mm, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens; this limitation enables the present invention to be paired with a large-format sensor of 1 / 1.3 inches to obtain high-resolution imaging results;

[0053] 0.1 < IMA / TTL < 0.3, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens and TTL represents the on-axis distance from the object side to the image side of the first lens 10; this limitation gives the present invention the characteristic of a small volume, facilitating the miniaturization of the device;

[0054] 0.6 < CA1 / TTL < 0.7, where CA1 represents the effective clear aperture of the object side of the first lens 10; this limitation gives the present invention the characteristics of a small aperture and a small volume, facilitating the miniaturization of the device;

[0055] 3.3 < IMA / FNO < 3.8, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens and FNO represents the f-number of the panoramic lens. This limitation enables the present invention to obtain a light transmission amount matching the size of the imaging surface while having a large viewing angle, improving the imaging clarity.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the first lens 10 is set as a glass spherical lens; the second lens 11 and the fourth lens 14 are set as molded aspherical lenses; the fifth lens 15, the sixth lens 16, the seventh lens 17, the eighth lens 18, and the ninth lens 19 are all set as plastic aspherical lenses; by the way of combining glass and plastic, the weight of the system can be greatly reduced, achieving the lightweight of the lens. In addition, it can ensure that the optical system has good temperature characteristics, enabling the device to adapt to diversified application scenarios and better meet the usage needs of users.

[0057] The flat glass 20 is set as an infrared cut-off filter.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the object side of the first lens 10 is convex, and the image side is concave; the object side of the second lens 11 is convex, and the image side is concave; the object side of the third lens 12 is concave, and the image side is convex; the object side of the fourth lens 14 is convex, and the image side is convex; the object side of the fifth lens 15 is convex, and the image side is convex; the object side of the sixth lens 16 is concave, and the image side is concave; the object side of the seventh lens 1​​As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula VP≥2, where VP represents the number of plastic lenses with a refractive index greater than 1.6 in the panoramic lens; it satisfies the conditional formula Nd1≥1.9, where Nd1 represents the refractive index of the first lens 10; Nd 2 / 4 ≥1.75, where Nd 2 / 4 represents the refractive indices of the second lens 11 and the fourth lens 14; Nd0≥1.85, where Nd0 represents the refractive index of the catadioptric prism 13. Through such limitations, the total axial length of the catadioptric prism 13 will not be too long, facilitating the miniaturization of the device, and it can also ensure that the optical system has good temperature characteristics, enabling the device to adapt to diversified application scenarios and better meet the usage needs of users.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula Hk≥728, where Hk represents the material hardness of the first lens 10. This limitation gives the present invention higher impact resistance, ensures the stability of its working process, and has a long service life.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, at 0.92 FOV, it satisfies the conditional formula VD≤3.5 mm, where FOV represents the field of view of the panoramic lens and VD represents the viewpoint depth of the panoramic lens. This limitation ensures that the present invention will not be blocked by the body structure during the shooting process, guaranteeing the continuity of the field of view and the quality of panoramic imaging.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula 0.5<GT / TTL<0.7, where GT represents the sum of the central thicknesses of the first lens 10, the second lens 11, the third lens 12, the catadioptric prism 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, the sixth lens 16, the seventh lens 17, the eighth lens 18, the ninth lens 19, and the flat glass 20. By limiting the lens thickness, the lenses of the present invention will not be too thin or too thick, can be bent better, correct aberrations, improve imaging quality, and can also reduce the eccentricity sensitivity, ensuring the processability of the lenses; this limitation is also beneficial for shortening the total axial length of the optical system, making the structure more compact and meeting the miniaturization requirements.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula L / TTL≈0.81, where L represents the axial distance from the object side of the first lens 10 to the aperture 21. By reasonably setting the position of the aperture, the total axial length of the present invention can be better restricted to meet the miniaturization requirements, while ensuring that the system has the imaging characteristics of high resolution and large field of view.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula RI>55%, where RI represents the relative illuminance. This limitation ensures that the illuminance of the edge field of view of the present invention is high enough, avoiding excessive noise during subsequent algorithm adjustment and guaranteeing the quality of the wide-angle panoramic image.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, it satisfies the conditional formula

[0066] 6.4<|f1 / f|<7.3;

[0067] 1.35<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / f|<1.55;

[0068] 2.7<|f8 / f|<3.3;

[0069] |f8 / f9|≈0.45;

[0070] 10.5<|(f5+f6+f7+f8+f9) / f|<14.2;

[0071] 0.09<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / (f5+f6+f7+f8+f9)|<0.15;

[0072] Wherein, f1 represents the focal length of the first lens 10, f2 represents the focal length of the second lens 11, f3 represents the focal length of the third lens 12, f4 represents the focal length of the fourth lens 14, f5 represents the focal length of the fifth lens 15, f6 represents the focal length of the sixth lens 16, f7 represents the focal length of the seventh lens 17, f8 represents the focal length of the eighth lens 18, f9 represents the focal length of the ninth lens 19, and f represents the focal length of the panoramic lens. By limiting the focal lengths of the eighth and ninth lenses 18 and 19, the angle of incidence of the principal ray can be matched to that of the sensor, ensuring efficient light reception. By properly limiting the focal lengths of the various lenses, the optical system can be guaranteed to have a wide field of view, while simultaneously improving correction of monochromatic and chromatic aberrations across the wide field of view, avoiding phenomena such as purple fringing and improving panoramic imaging quality. Properly limiting the focal lengths of the various lenses can also ensure a short on-axis length and good temperature characteristics for the optical system.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the conditional formulas CT5 / ET5<1.8, ET6 / CT6<1.8, CT7 / ET7<3.1, ET8 / CT8<2.5, and CT9 / ET9<1.5 are satisfied, wherein CT5 represents the center thickness of the fifth lens 15, and ET5 represents the edge thickness of the fifth lens 15; CT6 represents the center thickness of the sixth lens 16, and ET6 represents the edge thickness of the sixth lens 16; CT7 represents the center thickness of the seventh lens 17, and ET7 represents the edge thickness of the seventh lens 17; CT8 represents the center thickness of the eighth lens 18, and ET8 represents the edge thickness of the eighth lens 18; CT9 represents the center thickness of the ninth lens 19, and ET9 represents the edge thickness of the ninth lens 19;

[0074] The conditional formula EA<40° is satisfied, where EA represents the edge cut angle of the first lens 10, the second lens 11, the third lens 12, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, the sixth lens 16, the seventh lens 17, the eighth lens 18, and the ninth lens 19. The above-mentioned restrictions ensure that the present invention has high processability, which helps reduce the production cost of the present invention.

[0075] The present invention provides a catadioptric panoramic lens that can be used with a large-target sensor to achieve high-resolution, large-field-of-view imaging with a field of view of approximately 200°, meeting the user's demand for wide-field panoramic imaging. By utilizing a catadioptric prism to reduce the system volume, the lens is miniaturized. By utilizing multiple aspheric plastic lenses, the lens is corrected as much as possible while meeting the requirements of lightweighting, thereby improving imaging quality. The glass-plastic hybrid approach can also ensure that the optical system has good temperature characteristics, enabling the device to adapt to diverse application scenarios and better meet the user's usage needs.

[0076] For the first embodiment, please refer to Figure 1-5 In the first embodiment of the present invention, a catadioptric panoramic lens is provided, in which the catadioptric prism is configured as a six-sided cubic prism. The relevant parameters of each lens in the panoramic lens are shown in Table 1-1, and the parameters of the aspheric surfaces of each lens in this embodiment are shown in Table 1-2.

[0077] Table 1-1

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 1-2

[0081] Face number K B C D E F G H 4 -1.556 -2.420E-04 -8.258E-07 3.352E-08 3.137E-10 -5.033E-12 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 5 -0.199 -7.567E-05 -8.494E-06 -2.272E-07 -2.044E-08 9.778E-11 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 6 46.298 -5.958E-05 -7.528E-07 9.958E-09 9.945E-10 -2.752E-11 -8.150E-13 0.000E+00 7 13.404 1.101E-05 4.132E-07 8.411E-09 4.368E-10 7.740E-13 -7.123E-13 0.000E+00 10 -0.218 1.113E-04 7.449E-06 5.029E-07 -1.803E-08 -4.480E-09 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 11 -64.590 8.273E-04 1.452E-05 -1.781E-06 -1.195E-07 3.392E-09 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 13 -0.706 -2.851E-03 -1.319E-03 9.452E-04 -3.237E-04 2.267E-05 1.870E-05 -4.115E-06 14 -45.244 -6.383E-03 2.344E-03 6.950E-04 -3.188E-04 3.673E-05 -1.025E-05 1.926E-06 15 4.097 -3.035E-03 3.287E-03 -2.482E-05 -1.943E-04 -7.224E-05 2.198E-05 -5.233E-07 16 -3.920 3.126E-03 8.190E-04 -4.389E-04 -1.839E-04 -4.980E-06 4.875E-06 1.304E-07 17 8.589 4.337E-03 1.845E-03 -9.314E-04 -5.246E-06 3.456E-05 1.022E-05 -1.628E-06 18 13.307 1.366E-03 -2.301E-03 -2.431E-04 1.249E-05 3.742E-05 1.152E-05 2.094E-06 19 0.064 -2.010E-02 -1.641E-03 -5.355E-04 1.233E-04 6.238E-05 6.915E-06 -2.964E-06 20 -11.499 -1.440E-02 1.874E-03 3.732E-04 3.118E-05 -9.044E-06 -1.686E-06 2.691E-07 21 1.134 -1.370E-02 7.741E-04 -8.217E-05 1.117E-06 -6.462E-07 -1.367E-07 1.211E-08 22 9.850 -2.062E-03 -2.731E-04 -2.368E-05 1.530E-06 -5.049E-07 -2.825E-09 -7.110E-10

[0082] The aspheric surfaces all satisfy the following equation:

[0083]

[0084] Where: z represents the distance vector from the aspheric surface vertex along the optical axis when the distance from the optical axis to the surface is h, c represents the curvature of the surface vertex, K represents the quadratic surface coefficient, and B, C, D, E, F, G, and H represent the fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, tenth-order, twelfth-order, fourteenth-order, and sixteenth-order surface coefficients, respectively. All aspheric surface shapes meet this formula.

[0085] In the first embodiment, the system focal length f=2 mm, FNO=1.92, the system total length on axis TOTR=35.37 mm, and the field of view angle is 200°. Tables 1-3 show the calculation results under these conditions.

[0086] Table 1-3

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] For the second embodiment, please refer to Figure 6-10 In the second embodiment of the present invention, a catadioptric panoramic lens is provided, in which the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism. The relevant parameters of each lens in the panoramic lens are shown in Table 2-1, and the parameters of the aspheric surfaces of each lens in this embodiment are shown in Table 2-2.

[0090] Table 2-1

[0091]

[0092] Table 2-2

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The aspheric surfaces all satisfy the following equation:

[0096]

[0097] Where: z represents the distance vector from the aspheric surface vertex along the optical axis when the distance from the optical axis to the surface is h, c represents the curvature of the surface vertex, K represents the quadratic surface coefficient, and B, C, D, E, F, G, and H represent the fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, tenth-order, twelfth-order, fourteenth-order, and sixteenth-order surface coefficients, respectively. All aspheric surface shapes meet this formula.

[0098] In the second embodiment, the system focal length f=1.82 mm, FNO=1.93, the system total length on axis TOTR=32 mm, and the field of view angle is 200°. Table 2-3 shows the conditional calculation results.

[0099] Table 2-3

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] For the third embodiment, please refer to Figure 11-15 In the third embodiment of the present invention, a catadioptric panoramic lens is provided, in which the catadioptric prism is set as a six-sided cubic prism. The relevant parameters of each lens in the panoramic lens are shown in Table 3-1, and the parameters of the aspheric surfaces of each lens in this embodiment are shown in Table 3-2.

[0103] Table 3-1

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] Table 3-2

[0107] Face number K B C D E F G H 4 -1.470 -3.384E-04 -1.809E-06 5.664E-08 8.175E-10 -1.249E-11 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 5 -0.209 -1.995E-04 -2.037E-05 -4.839E-07 -5.109E-08 4.172E-10 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 6 48.894 -5.600E-05 -2.644E-06 -2.583E-08 1.289E-09 1.041E-11 4.915E-12 0.000E+00 7 9.666 4.368E-05 1.697E-06 1.434E-08 7.701E-10 -1.544E-10 -7.448E-12 0.000E+00 10 -0.230 1.305E-04 1.320E-05 9.893E-07 -2.025E-08 -1.339E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 11 -60.649 1.083E-03 2.412E-05 -3.479E-06 -3.091E-07 1.282E-08 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 13 -0.485 -3.835E-03 -2.577E-03 1.850E-03 -8.086E-04 6.873E-05 6.574E-05 -1.542E-05 14 -34.495 -9.152E-03 4.107E-03 1.365E-03 -8.178E-04 1.237E-04 -3.679E-05 1.323E-05 15 7.768 -4.512E-03 5.748E-03 6.329E-05 -4.366E-04 -2.086E-04 8.728E-05 -4.888E-06 16 -2.933 4.686E-03 1.561E-03 -8.150E-04 -4.422E-04 7.537E-06 2.323E-05 -3.184E-06 17 9.009 5.401E-03 3.339E-03 -1.888E-03 -2.704E-06 9.712E-05 3.839E-05 -6.735E-06 18 13.821 1.420E-03 -4.191E-03 -6.565E-04 7.175E-05 1.179E-04 3.961E-05 5.107E-06 19 1.860 -2.750E-02 -2.776E-03 -1.257E-03 2.721E-04 1.932E-04 2.766E-05 -1.821E-05 20 -11.347 -1.949E-02 2.984E-03 7.183E-04 5.614E-05 -3.502E-05 -7.174E-06 1.965E-06 21 1.078 -1.782E-02 1.174E-03 -1.998E-04 3.939E-06 -1.451E-06 -5.366E-07 4.053E-08 22 11.214 -3.020E-03 -3.795E-04 -4.390E-05 4.523E-06 -1.682E-06 -3.554E-08 2.249E-09

[0108] The aspheric surfaces all satisfy the following equation:

[0109]

[0110] Where: z represents the distance vector from the aspheric surface vertex along the optical axis when the distance from the optical axis to the surface is h, c represents the curvature of the surface vertex, K represents the quadratic surface coefficient, and B, C, D, E, F, G, and H represent the fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, tenth-order, twelfth-order, fourteenth-order, and sixteenth-order surface coefficients, respectively. All aspheric surface shapes meet this formula.

[0111] In the third embodiment, the system focal length f=1.81 mm, FNO=1.82, the system total length on axis TOTR=32.09 mm, and the field of view angle is 200°. Table 3-3 shows the conditional calculation results.

[0112] Table 3-3

[0113] Conditional expression actual result 6.0mm≤IMA≤7.2mm 6.478mm satisfy 0.1<IMA / TTL<0.3 0.202 satisfy <![CDATA[0.6<CA1 / TTL<0.7,]]> 0.673 satisfy VP≥2 2 satisfy <![CDATA[Nd1≥1.9]]> 1.91 satisfy <![CDATA[Nd 2 / 4 ≥1.75]]> 1.77 satisfy <![CDATA[Nd0≥1.85]]> 1.90 satisfy 3.3<IMA / FNO<3.8 3.55 satisfy Hk≥728 728 satisfy VD≤2mm 2.7mm satisfy 0.5<GT / TTL<0.7 0.60 satisfy L / TTL≈0.81 0.813 satisfy RI>50% >54％ satisfy <![CDATA[6.4<|f1 / f|<7.3]]> 6.53 satisfy <![CDATA[1.35<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / f|<1.55]]> 1.39 satisfy <![CDATA[2.7<|f8 / f|<3.3]]> 2.96 satisfy <![CDATA[|f8 / f9|≈0.45]]> 0.48 satisfy <![CDATA[10.5<|(f5+f6+f7+f8+f9) / f|<14.2]]> 14.11 satisfy <![CDATA[0.09<|(f1+f2+f3+f4) / (f5+f6+f7+f8+f9)|<0.15]]> 0.10 satisfy <![CDATA[CT5 / ET5<1.8]]> 1.80 satisfy <![CDATA[ET6 / CT6<1.8]]> 1.26 satisfy <![CDATA[CT7 / ET7<3.1]]> 2.96 satisfy <![CDATA[ET8 / CT8<2.5]]> 2.47 satisfy <![CDATA[CT9 / ET9<1.5]]> 1.39 satisfy EA<40° <34° satisfy

[0114] The above-described embodiments merely represent three implementation methods of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A catadioptric panoramic lens, characterized by: From the object side to the image side, it consists of a first lens (10), a second lens (11), a third lens (12), a catadioptric prism (13), a fourth lens (14), an aperture stop (21), a fifth lens (15), a sixth lens (16), a seventh lens (17), an eighth lens (18), a ninth lens (19), and a flat glass (20) in sequence; The first lens (10) has a negative optical power, the second lens (11) has a negative optical power, the third lens (12) has a positive or negative optical power, the fourth lens (13) has a positive optical power, the fifth lens (14) has a positive optical power, the sixth lens (15) has a negative optical power, the seventh lens (16) has a positive optical power, the eighth lens (17) has a negative optical power, and the ninth lens (19) has a positive optical power; It satisfies the conditional formula: 6.0mm ≤ IMA ≤ 7.2mm, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens; 0.1 < IMA / TTL < 0.3, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens, and TTL represents the on-axis distance from the object side to the image side of the first lens (10); 0.6 < CA1 / TTL < 0.7, where CA1 represents the effective clear aperture of the object side of the first lens (10); 3.3 < IMA / FNO < 3.8, where IMA represents the image circle diameter of the panoramic lens, and FNO represents the f-number of the panoramic lens; 6.4 < |f1 / f| < 7.3, where f1 represents the focal length of the first lens (10), and f represents the focal length of the panoramic lens; The first lens (10) is set as a glass spherical lens; the second lens (11) and the fourth lens (14) are set as molded aspherical lenses; the fifth lens (15), the sixth lens (16), the seventh lens (17), the eighth lens (18), and the ninth lens (19) are all set as plastic aspherical lenses; the flat glass (20) is set as an infrared cut-off filter.

2. The catadioptric panoramic lens according to claim 1, wherein: The object side of the first lens (10) is convex, and the image side is concave; The object side of the second lens (11) is convex, and the image side is concave; The object side of the third lens (12) is concave, and the image side is convex; The object side of the fourth lens (14) is convex, and the image side is convex; The object side of the fifth lens (15) is convex, and the image side is convex; The object side of the sixth lens (16) is concave, and the image side is concave; The object side of the seventh lens (17) is convex, and the image side is convex; there is an inflection point on the image side of the seventh lens (17); The object side of the eighth lens (18) is concave, and the image side is concave; The object side of the ninth lens (19) is convex, and the image side is concave; there are inflection points on the object side and the image side of the ninth lens (19).

3. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: It satisfies the conditional formula VP ≥ 2, where VP represents the number of plastic lenses with a refractive index greater than 1.6 in the panoramic lens; It satisfies the conditional formula Nd1 ≥ 1.9, where Nd1 represents the refractive index of the first lens (10); Nd 2 / 4 ≥1.75, where Nd 2 / 4 represents the refractive index of the second lens (11) and the fourth lens (14); Nd0 ≥ 1.85, where Nd0 represents the refractive index of the catadioptric prism (13).

4. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: It satisfies the conditional formula Hk ≥ 728, where Hk represents the material hardness of the first lens (10).

5. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: At 0.92 FOV, it satisfies the conditional formula VD ≤ 3.5 mm, where FOV represents the field of view of the panoramic lens, and VD represents the viewpoint depth of the panoramic lens.

6. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: It satisfies the conditional formula 0.5 < GT / TTL < 0.7, where GT represents the sum of the central thicknesses of the first lens (10), the second lens (11), the third lens (12), the catadioptric prism (13), the fourth lens (14), the fifth lens (15), the sixth lens (16), the seventh lens (17), the eighth lens (18), the ninth lens (19), and the flat glass (20).

7. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: It satisfies the conditional formula L / TTL ≈ 0.81, where L represents the on-axis distance from the object side of the first lens (10) to the aperture (21).

8. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, wherein: It satisfies the conditional formula RI > 55%, where RI represents the relative illuminance.

9. A catadioptric panoramic lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: It satisfies the conditional formula 1.35 < |(f1 + f2 + f3 + f4) / f| < 1.55; 2.7 < |f8 / f| < 3.3; |f8 / f9| ≈ 0.45; 10.5 < |(f5 + f6 + f7 + f8 + f9) / f| < 14.2; 0.09 < |(f1 + f2 + f3 + f4) / (f5 + f6 + f7 + f8 + f9)| < 0.15; where f1 represents the focal length of the first lens (10), f2 represents the focal length of the second lens (11), f3 represents the focal length of the third lens (12), f4 represents the focal length of the fourth lens (14), f5 represents the focal length of the fifth lens (15), f6 represents the focal length of the sixth lens (16), f7 represents the focal length of the seventh lens (17), f8 represents the focal length of the eighth lens (18), f9 represents the focal length of the ninth lens (19), and f represents the focal length of the panoramic lens.

10. The catadioptric lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: It satisfies the conditional formula CT5 / ET5 < 1.8, ET6 / CT6 < 1.8, CT7 / ET7 < 3.1, ET8 / CT8 < 2.5, CT9 / ET9 < 1.5, where CT5 represents the central thickness of the fifth lens (15), ET5 represents the edge thickness of the fifth lens (15); CT6 represents the central thickness of the sixth lens (16), ET6 represents the edge thickness of the sixth lens (16); CT7 represents the central thickness of the seventh lens (17), ET7 represents the edge thickness of the seventh lens (17); CT8 represents the central thickness of the eighth lens (18), ET8 represents the edge thickness of the eighth lens (18); CT9 represents the central thickness of the ninth lens (19), ET9 represents the edge thickness of the ninth lens (19); It satisfies the conditional expression EA<40°, wherein EA represents the edge cutting angles of the first lens (10), the second lens (11), the third lens (12), the fourth lens (14), the fifth lens (15), the sixth lens (16), the seventh lens (17), the eighth lens (18), and the ninth lens (19).

11. The catadioptric lens according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The folding and reflecting prism (13) is configured as a six-sided cubic prism or a right-angle reflecting prism.

Images