Seismic data processing method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a seismic data processing method, device, equipment, and storage medium, belonging to the field of seismic exploration technology. The method determines the common reflection point position corresponding to each time sampling point based on the source position and receiving point position in each channel of seismic data, determines the effective time sampling point based on the common reflection point position and the output channel position, and then determines the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point. The seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time is determined from the seismic data of the current channel, and the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time is superimposed on the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image. The above steps are repeated to finally obtain the imaging results of multi-channel seismic data, and the structural morphology of the stratum in the target work area is determined based on the imaging results. It can be seen that when the surface undulation is large, the method can return the seismic data to the spatial position where it is generated based on the position of the actual underground reflection point, reduce errors, and thus improve imaging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a seismic data processing method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the field of seismic exploration technology, after imaging the collected seismic data to obtain imaging results, the underground structural morphology can be obtained based on the imaging results, thereby facilitating oil and gas development in the exploration area.

[0003] Among the related technologies, the main method for processing seismic data is dynamic correction technology based on common center point gathers. This technology assumes that the exploration area is a horizontal surface, and then applies static correction technology to correct the seismic data to the common center point reference surface. Then, dynamic correction processing is performed on the seismic data based on the common center point reference surface. Finally, the processed seismic data is imaged to obtain imaging results.

[0004] However, when the surface is undulating and there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point, the propagation path of the seismic wave is no longer symmetrical, and there will be a large deviation between the actual underground reflection point corresponding to the seismic data and the common center point. In this case, if the seismic data is still processed according to the methods in the relevant technology, the error will be large, which will lead to poor imaging quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for processing seismic data, which can improve the imaging quality of seismic data. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, a method for processing seismic data is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire multi-channel seismic data within a target work area, where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point;

[0008] For each channel of seismic data, based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel, determining a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel;

[0009] For each output trace, determining a common reflection point position corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position;

[0010] Determining at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the multiple time sampling points and the output channel position;

[0011] Determine the propagation time corresponding to each of the effective time sampling points; wherein the propagation time is used to represent the time taken for the seismic wave to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point;

[0012] Determining the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current trace, and superimposing the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image; wherein the ordinate of the image is time, and the abscissa is the position of the common center point;

[0013] Repeating the step of superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until the multi-channel seismic data is traversed to obtain an imaging result of the multi-channel seismic data;

[0014] The structural morphology of the stratum in which the target work area is located is determined based on the imaging results.

[0015] In a possible implementation, determining the common reflection point positions corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position includes:

[0016] For each time sampling point, determining the propagation speed corresponding to the time sampling point;

[0017] Determining a first depth based on the output trace position, the source position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the first depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the source and the layer where the common reflection point is located;

[0018] Determine a second depth based on the output trace position, the receiving point position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the second depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the receiving point and the layer where the common reflection point is located;

[0019] Based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position and the receiving point position, the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point is determined.

[0020] In another possible implementation, the earthquake source position includes the horizontal position of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the horizontal position of the receiving point;

[0021] The determining, based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position, and the receiving point position, of the common reflection point corresponding to the time sampling point includes:

[0022] determining a sum of the first depth and the second depth to obtain a first sum;

[0023] determining a ratio of the first depth to the first sum to obtain a first ratio;

[0024] determining a distance between a horizontal position of the receiving point and a horizontal position of the earthquake source to obtain a first distance;

[0025] determining a product of the first ratio and the first distance to obtain a first product value;

[0026] The sum of the horizontal position of the earthquake source and the first product value is determined to obtain the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the earthquake source position includes the elevation of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the elevation of the receiving point;

[0028] The determining of a plurality of output traces corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace comprises:

[0029] Determining a common center point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position;

[0030] If the elevation of the earthquake source is less than the elevation of the receiving point, gridding the spatial range between the earthquake source and the common center point to obtain multiple output traces; wherein the distance between two adjacent output traces is equal to the distance between two adjacent grids;

[0031] If the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the earthquake source, the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output traces.

[0032] In another possible implementation, determining at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the multiple time sampling points and the output channel position includes:

[0033] For each time sampling point, determining the horizontal distance between the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point and the output track position;

[0034] If the horizontal distance is less than the second distance, the time sampling point is determined as a valid time sampling point.

[0035] In another possible implementation, determining the propagation time corresponding to each valid time sampling point includes:

[0036] For each of the valid time sampling points, determining a first depth and a second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point;

[0037] Determining a first horizontal distance and a second horizontal distance based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; wherein the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the source, and the second horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the receiving point;

[0038] The propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is determined based on the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the effective time sampling point, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance.

[0039] In another possible implementation, determining the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point based on the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the effective time sampling point, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance includes:

[0040] determining a sum of the square of the first depth and the square of the first horizontal distance to obtain a second sum;

[0041] Determine a ratio of the second sum to the square of a first propagation velocity to obtain a second ratio; the first propagation velocity is the propagation velocity corresponding to the effective time sampling point;

[0042] determining a sum of the square of the second depth and the square of the second horizontal distance to obtain a third sum;

[0043] determining a ratio of the third sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a third ratio;

[0044] The sum of the square root of the second ratio and the square root of the third ratio is determined to obtain the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

[0045] In another aspect, a seismic data processing device is provided, comprising:

[0046] A first acquisition module is used to acquire multi-channel seismic data in a target work area, where the target work area is an area where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point;

[0047] A first determining module is configured to determine, for each channel of seismic data, a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on a source position and a receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel;

[0048] a second determining module, configured to determine, for each output trace, a common reflection point position corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position;

[0049] a third determining module, configured to determine at least one valid time sampling point from the plurality of time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the plurality of time sampling points and the output channel position;

[0050] a fourth determining module, configured to determine a propagation time corresponding to each of the valid time sampling points; wherein the propagation time is used to represent the time taken for the seismic wave to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point;

[0051] a fifth determination module, configured to determine the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current channel, and superimpose the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image; wherein the ordinate of the image is time and the abscissa is the position of the common center point; and repeatedly superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until all the multiple channels of seismic data are traversed to obtain an imaging result of the multiple channels of seismic data;

[0052] The sixth determination module is used to determine the structural morphology of the stratum where the target work area is located based on the imaging results.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the second determination module is configured to determine, for each time sampling point, the propagation velocity corresponding to the time sampling point; determine a first depth based on the output trace position, the source position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the first depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the source and the layer where the common reflection point is located; determine a second depth based on the output trace position, the receiving point position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the second depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the receiving point and the layer where the common reflection point is located; and determine the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position, and the receiving point position.

[0054] In another possible implementation, the earthquake source position includes the horizontal position of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the horizontal position of the receiving point;

[0055] The second determination module is used to determine the sum of the first depth and the second depth to obtain a first sum; determine the ratio of the first depth to the first sum to obtain a first ratio; determine the distance between the horizontal position of the receiving point and the horizontal position of the earthquake source to obtain a first distance; determine the product of the first ratio and the first distance to obtain a first product value; determine the sum of the horizontal position of the earthquake source and the first product value to obtain the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point.

[0056] In another possible implementation, the earthquake source position includes the elevation of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the elevation of the receiving point;

[0057] The first determination module is used to determine the common center point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on the source position and the receiving point position; if the elevation of the source is less than the elevation of the receiving point, the spatial range between the source and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output channels; wherein the distance between two adjacent output channels is equal to the distance between two adjacent grids; if the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the source, the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output channels.

[0058] In another possible implementation, the third determination module is configured to determine, for each time sampling point, a horizontal distance between a common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point and the output channel position; and if the horizontal distance is less than a second distance, determine the time sampling point as a valid time sampling point.

[0059] In another possible implementation, the fourth determination module is configured to determine, for each of the valid time sampling points, a first depth and a second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point; determine a first horizontal distance and a second horizontal distance based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; wherein the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the source, and the second horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the receiving point; and determine the propagation time corresponding to the valid time sampling point based on the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance.

[0060] In another possible implementation, the fourth determination module is used to determine the sum of the square of the first depth and the square of the first horizontal distance to obtain a second sum; determine the ratio of the second sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a second ratio; the first propagation velocity is the propagation velocity corresponding to the effective time sampling point; determine the sum of the square of the second depth and the square of the second horizontal distance to obtain a third sum; determine the ratio of the third sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a third ratio; determine the sum of the square root of the second ratio and the square root of the third ratio to obtain the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

[0061] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement any of the above-mentioned seismic data processing methods.

[0062] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which at least one program code is stored. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned seismic data processing methods.

[0063] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, wherein at least one program code is stored in the computer program product, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned seismic data processing methods.

[0064] The present application provides a method for processing seismic data. This method determines the common reflection point location corresponding to each time sampling point based on the source location and receiving point location in each seismic data trace. Based on the common reflection point location and the output trace location, the effective time sampling point is determined. The propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is then determined. Based on the propagation time and the effective time sampling point, the seismic amplitude is relocated to the spatial location where it was generated. This indicates that when the surface is highly undulating, this method can accurately offset and relocate seismic data based on the location of the actual underground reflection point, reducing errors and thereby improving imaging quality.

[0065] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a seismic data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a seismic data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of determining the position of a common reflection point provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of determining the position of a common reflection point provided by the related art;

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application providing a method for processing seismic data based on related technologies and the present application to obtain common center point gathers and common reflection point gathers;

[0071] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an imaging section obtained by horizontally stacking common center point gathers provided by related technologies;

[0072] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an imaging section obtained by horizontally stacking common reflection point gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a seismic data processing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application are described in further detail below.

[0076] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0077] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.), and signals involved in this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, the earthquake data, source location, and receiving point location involved in this application were all obtained with full authorization.

[0078] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a seismic data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 The implementation environment includes: an electronic device, which can be provided as a terminal 101, or can be provided as a terminal 101 and a server 102, without specific limitation.

[0079] If the electronic device is provided as terminal 101 and a target application is installed on terminal 101, the user can log in to the target application and then process the seismic data using the method provided in this application to obtain imaging results and determine the structural morphology of the stratum based on the imaging results.

[0080] If the electronic device is provided as a terminal 101 and a server 102, the terminal 101 and the server 102 can be connected via a wireless or wired network. Accordingly, the terminal 101 has a target application installed, and the server 102 is the server 102 corresponding to the target application. When the user processes seismic data through the target application, the server 102 provides background services. In the embodiments of the present application, only the electronic device provided as a terminal 101 is used as an example for description.

[0081] The terminal 101 is at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PC (Personal Computer), an intelligent voice interaction device, and an in-vehicle terminal. The server 102 is at least one of a single server, a server cluster consisting of multiple servers, a cloud server, a cloud computing platform, and a virtualization center.

[0082] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a seismic data processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is executed by an electronic device. Figure 2 , the method comprising:

[0083] Step 201: The electronic device acquires multi-channel seismic data in the target work area.

[0084] Among them, the target work area is the area where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point, and the elevation difference is greater than the preset threshold, that is, the target work area is an area with large surface undulations.

[0085] The electronic device may obtain multi-channel seismic data input by a user or sent by another device, without specific limitation. After obtaining the multi-channel seismic data, the electronic device may perform preprocessing on the multi-channel seismic data, such as noise removal or other preprocessing, and then execute steps 202-208 based on the preprocessed multi-channel seismic data.

[0086] The essence of this application is to reposition the seismic data to the spatial position where it was generated and eliminate the time difference of the dynamic correction caused by the non-zero shot offset. The input data is the pre-stack seismic data D(s, r, t), and the output data is the common reflection point gather G(m, h, t0) after dynamic correction and sorted according to the horizontal shot offset. According to the conversion relationship between the different parameters of the two, the offset imaging of the common reflection point gather can be defined as a data mapping process: D(s, r, t) → G(m, h, t0). Among them, s represents the horizontal position of the source, r represents the horizontal position of the receiving point, t0 represents the time sampling point, t represents the propagation time, m represents the horizontal position of the output trace, and h represents the horizontal distance of the shot offset. The following will introduce in detail how to perform the offset imaging of the common reflection point gather.

[0087] Step 202: For each channel of seismic data, the electronic device determines a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on the source position and the receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the source position includes the elevation and horizontal position of the source, and the receiving point position includes the elevation and horizontal position of the receiving point.

[0089] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (3), including:

[0090] (1) The electronic device determines the common center point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on the source position and the receiving point position.

[0091] The common center point position refers to the horizontal position of the common center point, which is located in the middle of the source and the receiving point. For example, the horizontal position of the common center point is represented by vector x. CMP Indicates that

[0092] (2) If the elevation of the earthquake source is less than the elevation of the receiving point, the electronic device performs grid processing on the spatial range between the earthquake source and the common center point to obtain multiple output channels.

[0093] If the elevation of the earthquake source is lower than the elevation of the receiving point, the output trace contributing to the seismic data of the current trace is limited to the area between the common center point and the earthquake source. The electronic device grids the spatial range between the earthquake source and the common center point to generate multiple output traces. The distance between two adjacent output traces is equal to the distance between two adjacent grid cells, and the two adjacent output traces and grid cells are all perpendicular to each other.

[0094] (3) If the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the earthquake source, the electronic device performs grid processing on the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point to obtain multiple output channels.

[0095] If the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the earthquake source, the output trace that the seismic data of the current trace contributes to is limited to the area between the common center point and the receiving point. The electronic device grids the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point to obtain multiple output traces.

[0096] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the source, so the output trace is limited to the range between the common center point and the receiving point, that is, Figure 3 The four vertical solid lines in .

[0097] In this embodiment, seismic wave reflection satisfies Snell's law. Based on the principle of triangle similarity, the output traces to which the input traces contribute are confined to the region between the common center point and the source or receiving point at a lower elevation. Therefore, subsequent processing only requires the output traces within this range, saving significant computation time and improving data processing efficiency.

[0098] Step 203: For each output channel, the electronic device determines the common reflection point position corresponding to multiple time sampling points based on the output channel position, the source position and the receiving point position.

[0099] The time interval between two adjacent time sampling points is a preset interval. For example, if the time interval between the first time sampling point and the second time sampling point is 0.1 milliseconds, then the time interval between the second time sampling point and the third time sampling point is also 0.1 milliseconds.

[0100] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (4), including:

[0101] (1) For each time sampling point, the electronic device determines the propagation speed corresponding to the time sampling point.

[0102] For each seismic data, the electronic device can obtain a dynamic correction velocity field file by using a velocity spectrum picking method based on a common center point reference surface or other velocity analysis methods. The velocity field file is used to represent the relationship between the propagation velocity and the time sampling point.

[0103] For each time sampling point, the electronic device determines the propagation velocity corresponding to the time sampling point from the dynamic correction velocity field file.

[0104] (2) The electronic device determines the first depth based on the output trace position, the source position, the propagation velocity and the time sampling point.

[0105] The first depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the earthquake source and the layer where the common reflection point is located, and the output trace position includes the elevation and horizontal position of the output trace.

[0106] In this step, the electronic device determines the first depth based on the elevation of the output trace, the elevation of the earthquake source, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point. This process may include: the electronic device determines a first elevation difference between the elevation of the earthquake source and the elevation of the output trace, determines ½ of the product of the propagation velocity and the time sampling point to obtain a second product value, and determines the sum of the first elevation difference and the second product value to obtain the first depth.

[0107] For example, with H s Indicates the elevation of the earthquake source, H m Indicates the elevation of the output track, v0 indicates the propagation speed, t0 indicates the time sampling point, dep1 indicates the first depth, then the first depth

[0108] It should be noted that the elevation of the output track refers to the elevation of the point where the output track intersects the ground in the vertical direction. Figure 3 For example, the rightmost output trace intersects the undulating terrain vertically at point A. The elevation of point A is the elevation of the output trace. In practical applications, the undulating terrain may be smoothed to produce a smoothed surface curve. In this case, the intersection point A′ of the output trace and the smoothed surface curve can be used as the elevation of the output trace.

[0109] (3) The electronic device determines the second depth based on the output channel position, the receiving point position, the propagation speed and the time sampling point.

[0110] In this step, the electronic device determines the second depth based on the output trace elevation, the receiving point elevation, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point. This process involves determining a second elevation difference between the receiving point elevation and the output trace elevation, and then summing the second product value and the second elevation difference to obtain the second depth.

[0111] For example, with H r Indicates the elevation of the receiving point, dep2 indicates the second depth, then the second depth

[0112]

[0113] (4) The electronic device determines the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position and the receiving point position.

[0114] The electronic device determines a sum of the first depth and the second depth to obtain a first sum; determines a ratio of the first depth to the first sum to obtain a first ratio; determines a distance between a horizontal position of the receiving point and a horizontal position of the earthquake source to obtain a first distance, that is, a distance between offsets; determines a product of the first ratio and the first distance to obtain a first product value; and determines a sum of the horizontal position of the earthquake source and the first product value to obtain a horizontal position of a common reflection point corresponding to the time sampling point.

[0115] Continue to see Figure 3 , the seismic wave propagates from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then propagates to the receiving point. Based on the law of reflection: the incident angle and the reflection angle are the same, therefore, Figure 3 ΔRBC is similar to ΔSDC, and according to the triangle similarity principle, the horizontal position of the common reflection point can be obtained. Figure 3 It can be seen from the figure that the actual reflection point underground changes with depth, and there is a large deviation between the position of the reflection point and the position of the common center point.

[0116] For example, the horizontal position of the common reflection point is represented by vector x CRP Indicates that Wherein, h=rs represents the first distance, that is, the horizontal distance of the offset.

[0117] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of conventional static correction processing used in related technologies. This technology assumes that the reflection point is located at the center point.

[0118] Step 204: The electronic device determines at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point position and the output channel position corresponding to the multiple time sampling points.

[0119] For each time sampling point, the electronic device determines a horizontal distance between the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point and the output channel position; if the horizontal distance is less than a second distance, the time sampling point is determined to be a valid time sampling point; if the horizontal distance is not less than the second distance, the time sampling point is determined to be an invalid time sampling point.

[0120] The second distance can be set and changed as needed, and is not specifically limited thereto. For example, the second distance is 1 / 2 of the horizontal distance between two adjacent output channels.

[0121] The electronic device determines at least one valid time sampling point among multiple time sampling points through this method.

[0122] Step 205: The electronic device determines the propagation time corresponding to each valid time sampling point.

[0123] Among them, propagation time is used to indicate the time it takes for seismic waves to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point.

[0124] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (3), including:

[0125] (1) For each valid time sampling point, the electronic device determines a first depth and a second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point.

[0126] The electronic device determines the first depth and the second depth corresponding to each time sampling point in steps (2) and (3) of step 203. Therefore, in this step, for each valid time sampling point, the electronic device directly obtains the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point.

[0127] (2) The electronic device determines the first horizontal distance and the second horizontal distance based on the output track position, the source position and the receiving point position.

[0128] The electronic device determines the horizontal distance between the output channel and the source based on the horizontal position of the output channel and the source, thereby obtaining a first horizontal distance; and determines the horizontal distance between the output channel and the receiving point based on the horizontal position of the output channel and the receiving point, thereby obtaining a second horizontal distance.

[0129] (3) The electronic device determines the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point based on the first depth and the second depth, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

[0130] The electronic device determines the sum of the square of the first depth and the square of the first horizontal distance to obtain a second sum; determines the ratio of the second sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a second ratio; determines the sum of the square of the second depth and the square of the second horizontal distance to obtain a third sum; determines the ratio of the third sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a third ratio; and determines the sum of the square root of the second ratio and the square root of the third ratio to obtain a propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point, where the first propagation velocity is the propagation velocity corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

[0131] For example, the first propagation velocity is represented by υ1, the first horizontal distance is represented by x1, the second horizontal distance is represented by x2, and the propagation time is represented by t, then Where x1 = |sm|, x2 = |rm|, and m represents the horizontal position of the output channel.

[0132] Step 206: The electronic device determines the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current channel, and superimposes the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time to the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image.

[0133] Each channel of seismic data contains seismic amplitudes corresponding to different propagation times. Electronics determine the seismic amplitude corresponding to a particular propagation time from the current channel's seismic data and superimpose it onto the image at the location corresponding to the valid time sampling point. The image's ordinate represents time, and its abscissa represents the location of the common center point.

[0134] Continue to see Figure 3 , Figure 3 The left side of the figure shows a seismic data stream recorded at a receiving point. Different propagation times correspond to different seismic amplitudes. Electronic equipment extracts the seismic amplitude corresponding to the corresponding propagation time and superimposes it on the location corresponding to the valid time sampling point on the right.

[0135] Step 207: The electronic device repeatedly performs the step of superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until all the multi-channel seismic data are traversed to obtain the imaging result corresponding to the multi-channel seismic data.

[0136] For all valid time sampling points of an output channel, the electronic device repeatedly executes steps 205 to 206 to obtain the imaging result of the single output channel corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel. For all output channels, the electronic device repeatedly executes steps 203 to 206 to obtain the imaging results of all output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel. For each channel of seismic data, the electronic device repeatedly executes steps 202 to 206 to obtain the imaging result of multiple channels of seismic data, namely, the common reflection point gather.

[0137] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 (a) is the common center point gather obtained after static correction and dynamic correction in the related technology. Figure 5 (b) shows a portion of the common reflection point gathers extracted from the common reflection point gathers obtained using the method provided in this application. This portion of the common reflection point gathers corresponds to the same common center point (at position 2800) and different shot offsets (1150 / 2150 / 3150 / 4150 / 5150 / 6150). Due to the large surface undulations and low signal-to-noise ratio, in the common center point gathers obtained using the methods of the related art, the areas indicated by the arrows have essentially no valid reflection events. However, in the common reflection point gathers obtained using the method provided in this application, the areas indicated by the arrows have clear reflection events and are correctly flattened.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present application, the spatial position of the reflection point corresponding to each time sampling point is determined based on the relative spatial position of the source and the receiving point of each seismic channel, thereby determining the mapping relationship between the seismic channel and the output channel, and then accurately offsetting the seismic signal.

[0139] Step 208: The electronic device determines the structural morphology of the stratum where the target work area is located based on the imaging results.

[0140] The electronic equipment horizontally stacks the imaging results of the multi-channel seismic data to obtain an imaging section, and determines the structural morphology of the stratum where the target work area is located based on the imaging section.

[0141] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 It is an imaging section obtained by horizontally stacking the common center point gathers obtained in the relevant technology. Figure 7 It is an imaging profile obtained by horizontally stacking the common reflection point gathers obtained in this application. Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen from the imaging profile that the imaging quality of the common reflection point gather stacking profile is significantly better than that of the common center point gather stacking profile, and the common reflection point gather stacking profile can show more structural details and the phase axis continuity is stronger.

[0142] The present application provides a method for processing seismic data. This method determines the common reflection point location corresponding to each time sampling point based on the source location and receiving point location in each seismic data trace. Based on the common reflection point location and the output trace location, the effective time sampling point is determined. The propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is then determined. Based on the propagation time and the effective time sampling point, the seismic amplitude is relocated to the spatial location where it was generated. This indicates that when the surface is highly undulating, this method can accurately offset and relocate seismic data based on the location of the actual underground reflection point, reducing errors and thereby improving imaging quality.

[0143] Compared with traditional dynamic correction stacking technology, the method provided in this application can effectively improve imaging accuracy and quality; compared with the pre-stack time migration method, the method provided in this application is more efficient.

[0144] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a seismic data processing device provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 8 , the device comprises:

[0145] The first acquisition module 801 is used to acquire multi-channel seismic data in a target work area, where the target work area is an area where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point;

[0146] A first determining module 802 is configured to determine, for each channel of seismic data, a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on a source position and a receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel;

[0147] A second determining module 803 is configured to determine, for each output trace, a common reflection point position corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position;

[0148] A third determining module 804 is configured to determine at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point position and the output channel position corresponding to the multiple time sampling points;

[0149] The fourth determining module 805 is used to determine the propagation time corresponding to each valid time sampling point; wherein the propagation time is used to represent the time taken for the seismic wave to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point;

[0150] A fifth determination module 806 is configured to determine the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current channel, and superimpose the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image; wherein the ordinate of the image is time, and the abscissa is the position of the common center point; and repeatedly perform the step of superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until all channels of seismic data are traversed to obtain an imaging result of the multi-channel seismic data.

[0151] The sixth determination module 807 is used to determine the structural morphology of the stratum where the target work area is located based on the imaging results.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the second determination module 803 is configured to determine, for each time sampling point, a propagation velocity corresponding to the time sampling point; determine a first depth based on the output trace position, the source position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the first depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the source and the layer where the common reflection point is located; determine a second depth based on the output trace position, the receiving point position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the second depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the receiving point and the layer where the common reflection point is located; and determine the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position, and the receiving point position.

[0153] In another possible implementation, the source position includes the horizontal position of the source, and the receiving point position includes the horizontal position of the receiving point;

[0154] The second determination module 803 is used to determine the sum of the first depth and the second depth to obtain a first sum; determine the ratio of the first depth to the first sum to obtain a first ratio; determine the distance between the horizontal position of the receiving point and the horizontal position of the earthquake source to obtain a first distance; determine the product of the first ratio and the first distance to obtain a first product value; determine the sum of the horizontal position of the earthquake source and the first product value to obtain the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point.

[0155] In another possible implementation, the earthquake source location includes the elevation of the earthquake source, and the receiving point location includes the elevation of the receiving point;

[0156] The first determination module 802 is used to determine the common center point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on the source position and the receiving point position; if the elevation of the source is less than the elevation of the receiving point, the spatial range between the source and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output channels; wherein the distance between two adjacent output channels is equal to the distance between two adjacent grids; if the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the source, the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output channels.

[0157] In another possible implementation, the third determination module 804 is configured to determine, for each time sampling point, a horizontal distance between the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point and the output trace position; and if the horizontal distance is less than a second distance, determine the time sampling point as a valid time sampling point.

[0158] In another possible implementation, the fourth determination module 805 is configured to determine, for each valid time sampling point, a first depth and a second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point; determine a first horizontal distance and a second horizontal distance based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; wherein the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the source, and the second horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the receiving point; and determine the propagation time corresponding to the valid time sampling point based on the first depth and the second depth, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance corresponding to the valid time sampling point.

[0159] In another possible implementation, the fourth determination module 805 is used to determine the sum of the square of the first depth and the square of the first horizontal distance to obtain a second sum; determine the ratio of the second sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a second ratio; the first propagation velocity is the propagation velocity corresponding to the effective time sampling point; determine the sum of the square of the second depth and the square of the second horizontal distance to obtain a third sum; determine the ratio of the third sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a third ratio; determine the sum of the square root of the second ratio and the square root of the third ratio to obtain the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

[0160] The present invention provides a seismic data processing device that determines the common reflection point location corresponding to each time sampling point based on the source location and receiving point location in each trace of seismic data. Based on the common reflection point location and the output trace location, the device determines the effective time sampling point, and further determines the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point. Based on the propagation time and the effective time sampling point, the seismic amplitude is relocated to the spatial location where it was generated. This shows that when the surface is highly undulating, the device can accurately offset and relocate the seismic data based on the location of the actual underground reflection point, reducing errors and thereby improving imaging quality.

[0161] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 The following is a block diagram of a terminal 900 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Terminal 900 may be a portable mobile terminal, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV), laptop computer, or desktop computer. Terminal 900 may also be referred to as user equipment, portable terminal, laptop terminal, desktop terminal, or other similar names.

[0162] Typically, the terminal 900 includes a processor 901 and a memory 902 .

[0163] The processor 901 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 901 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 901 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 901 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 901 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0164] The memory 902 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 902 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices and flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in the memory 902 is used to store at least one program code, which is executed by the processor 901 to implement the seismic data processing method provided in the method embodiment of the present application.

[0165] In some embodiments, terminal 900 may also optionally include a peripheral device interface 903 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 901, memory 902, and peripheral device interface 903 may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to peripheral device interface 903 via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. Specifically, the peripheral device may include at least one of a radio frequency circuit 904, a display screen 905, a camera assembly 906, an audio circuit 907, and a power supply 908.

[0166] The peripheral device interface 903 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output)-related peripheral device to the processor 901 and the memory 902. In some embodiments, the processor 901, the memory 902, and the peripheral device interface 903 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 901, the memory 902, and the peripheral device interface 903 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0167] The RF circuit 904 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals for transmission, or converts received electromagnetic signals into electrical signals. Optionally, the RF circuit 904 includes an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, and the like. The RF circuit 904 can communicate with other terminals via at least one wireless communication protocol. Such wireless communication protocols include, but are not limited to, the World Wide Web, metropolitan area networks, intranets, various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), wireless local area networks, and / or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the RF circuit 904 may also include circuits related to Near Field Communication (NFC), which is not limited in this application.

[0168] The display screen 905 is used to display a user interface (UI). This UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, or any combination thereof. When the display screen 905 is a touch screen, it is also capable of collecting touch signals on or above the surface of the display screen 905. These touch signals can be input as control signals to the processor 901 for processing. In this case, the display screen 905 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or a virtual keyboard, also known as soft buttons and / or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, there can be a single display screen 905, located on the front panel of the terminal 900. In other embodiments, there can be at least two display screens 905, located on different surfaces of the terminal 900 or in a foldable design. In other embodiments, the display screen 905 can be a flexible display screen, located on a curved or foldable surface of the terminal 900. Furthermore, the display screen 905 can be configured as a non-rectangular irregular shape, i.e., a special-shaped screen. The display screen 905 can be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0169] The camera assembly 906 is used to capture images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 906 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Typically, the front camera is arranged on the front panel of the terminal, and the rear camera is arranged on the back of the terminal. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth of field camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, so as to realize the fusion of the main camera and the depth of field camera to realize the background blur function, the fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera to realize panoramic shooting and VR (Virtual Reality) shooting function or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 906 may also include a flash. The flash can be a monochrome temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm light flash and a cold light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0170] The audio circuit 907 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, and convert the sound waves into electrical signals to be input into the processor 901 for processing, or input into the radio frequency circuit 904 to achieve voice communication. For the purpose of stereo sound collection or noise reduction, there may be multiple microphones, each located in different parts of the terminal 900. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional collection microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 901 or the radio frequency circuit 904 into sound waves. The speaker may be a traditional thin film speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can not only convert electrical signals into sound waves audible to humans, but also convert electrical signals into sound waves inaudible to humans for purposes such as ranging. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 907 may also include a headphone jack.

[0171] Power supply 908 is used to power various components in terminal 900. Power supply 908 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 908 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can be a wired rechargeable battery or a wireless rechargeable battery. A wired rechargeable battery is charged via a wired line, while a wireless rechargeable battery is charged via a wireless coil. The rechargeable battery can also support fast charging technology.

[0172] In some embodiments, the terminal 900 further includes one or more sensors 909 , including but not limited to: an acceleration sensor 910 , a gyroscope sensor 911 , a pressure sensor 912 , an optical sensor 913 , and a proximity sensor 914 .

[0173] The accelerometer 910 can detect the magnitude of acceleration along the three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established by the terminal 900. For example, the accelerometer 910 can be used to detect the components of gravity acceleration along the three coordinate axes. The processor 901 can control the display screen 905 to display the user interface in a landscape or portrait view based on the gravity acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer 910. The accelerometer 910 can also be used to collect game or user motion data.

[0174] The gyroscope sensor 911 can detect the orientation and rotation angle of the terminal 900. It can also work with the accelerometer 910 to collect the user's 3D movements of the terminal 900. Based on the data collected by the gyroscope sensor 911, the processor 901 can implement the following functions: motion sensing (such as changing the UI based on the user's tilt operation), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0175] The pressure sensor 912 can be set on the side frame of the terminal 900 and / or the lower layer of the display screen 905. When the pressure sensor 912 is set on the side frame of the terminal 900, it can detect the user's grip signal of the terminal 900, and the processor 901 performs left and right hand recognition or shortcut operations based on the grip signal collected by the pressure sensor 912. When the pressure sensor 912 is set on the lower layer of the display screen 905, the processor 901 controls the operable controls on the UI interface based on the user's pressure operation on the display screen 905. The operable controls include at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control, and a menu control.

[0176] The optical sensor 913 is used to detect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 901 can control the display brightness of the display screen 905 based on the ambient light intensity detected by the optical sensor 913. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is decreased. In another embodiment, the processor 901 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 906 based on the ambient light intensity detected by the optical sensor 913.

[0177] The proximity sensor 914, also known as a distance sensor, is typically located on the front panel of the terminal 900. The proximity sensor 914 is used to detect the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900 is gradually decreasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from the screen-on state to the screen-off state. When the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900 is gradually increasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from the screen-off state to the screen-on state.

[0178] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal 900, and the terminal 900 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

[0179] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided. The computer-readable medium stores at least one program code. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data processing method in the above embodiment.

[0180] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is further provided. The computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data processing method in the above embodiment.

[0181] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0182] The above description is only for the purpose of facilitating those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A seismic data processing method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire multi-channel seismic data within a target work area, where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point; For each channel of seismic data, based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel, determining a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel; For each output trace, determining a common reflection point position corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; Determining at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the multiple time sampling points and the output channel position; Determine the propagation time corresponding to each of the effective time sampling points; wherein the propagation time is used to represent the time taken for the seismic wave to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point; Determining the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current trace, and superimposing the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image; wherein the ordinate of the image is time, and the abscissa is the position of the common center point; Repeating the step of superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until the multi-channel seismic data is traversed to obtain an imaging result of the multi-channel seismic data; The structural morphology of the stratum in which the target work area is located is determined based on the imaging results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position, of common reflection point positions corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points comprises: For each time sampling point, determining the propagation speed corresponding to the time sampling point; Determining a first depth based on the output trace position, the source position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the first depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the source and the layer where the common reflection point is located; Determine a second depth based on the output trace position, the receiving point position, the propagation velocity, and the time sampling point; wherein the second depth is used to represent the vertical distance between the receiving point and the layer where the common reflection point is located; Based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position and the receiving point position, the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The earthquake source position includes the horizontal position of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the horizontal position of the receiving point; The determining, based on the first depth, the second depth, the source position, and the receiving point position, of the common reflection point corresponding to the time sampling point includes: determining a sum of the first depth and the second depth to obtain a first sum; determining a ratio of the first depth to the first sum to obtain a first ratio; determining a distance between a horizontal position of the receiving point and a horizontal position of the earthquake source to obtain a first distance; determining a product of the first ratio and the first distance to obtain a first product value; The sum of the horizontal position of the earthquake source and the first product value is determined to obtain the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The earthquake source position includes the elevation of the earthquake source, and the receiving point position includes the elevation of the receiving point; The determining of a plurality of output traces corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace comprises: Determining a common center point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current trace based on the earthquake source position and the receiving point position; If the elevation of the earthquake source is less than the elevation of the receiving point, gridding the spatial range between the earthquake source and the common center point to obtain multiple output traces; wherein the distance between two adjacent output traces is equal to the distance between two adjacent grids; If the elevation of the receiving point is less than the elevation of the earthquake source, the spatial range between the receiving point and the common center point is gridded to obtain multiple output traces.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining at least one valid time sampling point from the multiple time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the multiple time sampling points and the output channel position includes: For each time sampling point, determining the horizontal distance between the common reflection point position corresponding to the time sampling point and the output track position; If the horizontal distance is less than the second distance, the time sampling point is determined as a valid time sampling point.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the propagation time corresponding to each of the valid time sampling points includes: For each of the valid time sampling points, determining a first depth and a second depth corresponding to the valid time sampling point; Determining a first horizontal distance and a second horizontal distance based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; wherein the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the source, and the second horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the output trace and the receiving point; The propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point is determined based on the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the effective time sampling point, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining, based on the first depth and the second depth corresponding to the effective time sampling point, the first horizontal distance, and the second horizontal distance, of the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point includes: determining a sum of the square of the first depth and the square of the first horizontal distance to obtain a second sum; Determine a ratio of the second sum to the square of a first propagation velocity to obtain a second ratio; the first propagation velocity is the propagation velocity corresponding to the effective time sampling point; determining a sum of the square of the second depth and the square of the second horizontal distance to obtain a third sum; determining a ratio of the third sum to the square of the first propagation velocity to obtain a third ratio; The sum of the square root of the second ratio and the square root of the third ratio is determined to obtain the propagation time corresponding to the effective time sampling point.

8. A seismic data processing device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first acquisition module is used to acquire multi-channel seismic data in a target work area, where the target work area is an area where there is an elevation difference between the earthquake source and the receiving point; A first determining module is configured to determine, for each channel of seismic data, a plurality of output channels corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel based on a source position and a receiving point position corresponding to the seismic data of the current channel; a second determining module, configured to determine, for each output trace, a common reflection point position corresponding to a plurality of time sampling points based on the output trace position, the source position, and the receiving point position; a third determining module, configured to determine at least one valid time sampling point from the plurality of time sampling points based on the common reflection point positions corresponding to the plurality of time sampling points and the output channel position; a fourth determining module, configured to determine a propagation time corresponding to each of the valid time sampling points; wherein the propagation time is used to represent the time taken for the seismic wave to propagate from the earthquake source to the common reflection point and then from the common reflection point to the receiving point; a fifth determination module, configured to determine the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time from the seismic data of the current channel, and superimpose the seismic amplitude corresponding to the propagation time onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image; wherein the ordinate of the image is time and the abscissa is the position of the common center point; and repeatedly superimposing the seismic amplitude onto the position corresponding to the effective time sampling point in the image until all the multiple channels of seismic data are traversed to obtain an imaging result of the multiple channels of seismic data; The sixth determination module is used to determine the structural morphology of the stratum where the target work area is located based on the imaging results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the seismic data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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