A soil layer sampling device for inclined ground

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and specifically is a device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground, comprising a base, a caster is arranged at the bottom of the base, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, an output end of the first motor extends to the inside of the support frame and is fixedly connected to a screw rod; the present invention provides a device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground, wherein a first rubber ring is arranged to fit the outer wall of a drill rod, and when the drill rod and a drill bit are controlled to move upward and extend out of the ground, the soil sticking on the drill rod can be scraped off under the action of the first rubber ring, and when the drill rod is retrieved to take out the soil sample, the limit of the slide plate by the limit unit is released, and the protrusion is moved to the same horizontal plane as the top block, and the drill rod is continuously vibrated downward by controlling the rotation of the sleeve box, so that the soil sticking in the first discharge port is shaken off, so as to prevent the soil in the sampling head from being mixed with the soil sticking in the first discharge port when taking it out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined ground. Background Art

[0002] In order to rationally utilize soil resources, protect the environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development, it is often necessary to test the soil to evaluate the soil's fertility, environment, and pH. Through the soil test results, corresponding soil improvement and fertilization plans can be formulated according to the types and characteristics of different soils, which will help improve soil structure, increase organic matter content, and promote soil biological activity, thereby improving soil quality and crop yields. Soil stratification sampling is a commonly used soil survey method used to understand the properties and composition of soil at different depths.

[0003] With the existing technology, after sampling the soil in layers, as the samples are retrieved, they are easily mixed with soil from other soil layers when passing through other soil layers, affecting the accuracy of the sampled samples. In addition, the sampling device will be contaminated with a large amount of mud after the samples are retrieved. If it is not cleaned in time, different soils will be mixed when it is inserted into the soil for use next time.

[0004] To this end, the invention provides a device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and solve the problem that after soil stratification sampling, the samples are easily mixed with soil from other soil layers when passing through other soil layers as they are retrieved, affecting the accuracy of the sampled samples, and it is inconvenient to clean the sampling device after sampling. The sampling device will be contaminated with a large amount of mud after being retrieved from the soil. If it is not cleaned in time, it will also cause the mixing of different soils when it is inserted into the soil for use next time. The present invention proposes a stratified soil sampling device for inclined ground.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a soil stratification sampling device for inclined ground described in the present invention comprises a base, a caster is arranged at the bottom of the base, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, an output end of the first motor extends to the inside of the support frame and is fixedly connected to a screw rod, the screw rod is rotatably connected to the support frame, an outer wall of the screw rod is connected to a slider through a screw nut pair, the slider is slidably connected to the support frame, one end of the slider is fixedly connected to a lower pressing plate, the bottom of the lower pressing plate is fixedly connected to a second motor, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve is slidably connected to a limiting block, the bottom of the limiting block is fixedly connected to a slide plate, the slide plate is slidably connected to the sleeve, the bottom of the slide plate is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a drill rod, the bottom of the drill rod is fixedly connected to a drill bit, a through groove for matching the drill bit is opened inside the base, and a sampling assembly is arranged inside the drill rod.

[0007] Preferably, the sampling assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the down-pressing rod, the inner wall of the drill rod is equidistantly provided with a plurality of sampling units, the sampling unit includes four sampling heads, the four sampling heads are equidistantly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod and are slidably connected to the drill rod, the outer wall of the drill rod is provided with a first discharge port for use with the sampling head, the sampling head fits the inner wall of the first discharge port, the top of the sampling head is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the down-pressing rod, the inner wall of the drill rod and located below the sampling head is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, the inner wall of the fixing plate is fixedly connected with a sliding shaft, the outer wall of the sliding shaft is slidably connected with a connecting block, the connecting block is fixedly connected to the sampling head, the outer wall of the sliding shaft is sleeved with a second spring, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the connecting block.

[0008] Preferably, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected inside the drill rod and above the second hydraulic cylinder, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod, the sleeve is slidably connected to the drill rod, and a second discharge port is opened on the outer wall of the sleeve and above the corresponding first discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, both sides of the sampling head are arranged as arc-shaped surfaces, and the inner wall of the sampling head is symmetrically fixedly connected with two side plates, and the top sections of the two side plates are arranged as triangles and are inclined toward the downward pressure rod.

[0010] Preferably, the interior of the sleeve is provided with sealing units having the same number as the sampling units, and the sealing units include four baffles, which are equidistantly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve and are slidably connected to the sleeve, a third spring is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle, and the third spring is fixedly connected to the sleeve, the top and bottom of the baffle are both set as inclined surfaces, and the baffle and the sampling head are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the lower pressure plate is symmetrically fixedly connected with two first hydraulic cylinders, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a fixing frame, the fixing frame is sleeved on the outside of the second motor, the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing frame is symmetrically fixedly connected with two protrusions, the tops of the protrusions are set as symmetrical inclined surfaces, the outer wall of the connecting plate is symmetrically fixedly connected with two top blocks, the bottoms of the top blocks are set as symmetrical inclined surfaces, the protrusions are located below the top blocks, a first spring is set inside the sleeve, the top of the first spring is fixedly connected to the sleeve, the bottom of the first spring is fixedly connected to the limit block, and the inner wall of the fixed frame is provided with a limiting unit.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting unit includes a fixing ring, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixing frame, and the outer wall of the limiting block is equidistantly fixedly connected with four limiting plates, the four limiting plates are all slidably connected to the sleeve box, the inner walls of the four limiting plates are all fixedly connected with rotating shafts, the outer walls of the four rotating shafts are all rotatably connected with pulleys, and the pulleys are in contact with the bottom of the fixing ring.

[0013] Preferably, a first rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove, the bottom of the first rubber ring is arranged as an annular inclined surface and tilts downward, and the inner diameter of the first rubber ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod.

[0014] Preferably, a second rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove and located below the first rubber ring, the top of the second rubber ring is set as an annular inclined surface and tilted upward, the top of the second rubber ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rubber ring, and a convex ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill bit, the top and bottom of the convex ring are both set as annular inclined surfaces, and the outer diameter of the convex ring is the same as that of the drill rod.

[0015] Preferably, mounting plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the base, rivets are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two mounting plates, and hammer blocks are fixedly connected to the tops of the two rivets.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground described in the present invention is configured to fit the outer wall of a drill rod by means of a first rubber ring. When the drill rod and the drill bit are controlled to move upward and out of the ground, the soil sticking to the drill rod can be scraped off under the action of the first rubber ring.

[0018] 2. The device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground described in the present invention is configured to press the second rubber ring tightly by means of a convex ring, and pull the second rubber ring upward to deform the second rubber ring. When the convex ring passes through the second rubber ring, the first rubber ring and the second rubber ring are shaken downward as a whole under the elastic force of the second rubber ring, thereby preventing the soil scraped off by the first rubber ring from sticking to the first rubber ring and being difficult to clean.

[0019] 3. The device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground described in the present invention releases the limit of the slide plate by the limit unit when retrieving the drill rod to take out the soil sample, and moves the protrusion to the same horizontal plane as the top block. By controlling the rotation of the sleeve, the drill rod is continuously vibrated downward, so as to shake off the sticky soil in the first discharge port and prevent the soil in the sampling head from being mixed with the sticky soil in the first discharge port when taking it out.

[0020] 4. The device for collecting and sampling soil in layers on an inclined ground described in the present invention fixes the position of a slide plate through a limit unit when controlling the drill rod to extend into the ground. If a stone blocks the downward movement of the drill rod, the limit on the slide plate is released, and the drill rod and the drill bit are pressed downward continuously by the extrusion of the protrusion and the first spring, so that the stone is crushed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional view of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the sampling head of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixing frame and the connecting plate of the present invention in cooperation with each other;

[0027] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0030] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0031] In the figure: 1, base; 2, casters; 3, support frame; 4, first motor; 5, screw rod; 6, slider; 7, lower pressure plate; 8, second motor; 9, sleeve box; 10, limit block; 11, first spring; 12, slide plate; 13, connecting plate; 14, drill rod; 15, drill bit; 16, through groove; 17, first hydraulic cylinder; 18, fixed frame; 19, fixed ring; 20, limit plate; 21, rotating shaft; 22, pulley; 23, top block; 24, bump; 25. Second hydraulic cylinder; 26. Down-pressing rod; 27. Connecting shaft; 28. Sampling head; 29. ​​First discharge port; 30. Fixed plate; 31. Sliding shaft; 32. Second spring; 33. Connecting block; 34. Side plate; 35. Electric telescopic rod; 36. Sleeve; 37. Second discharge port; 38. Third spring; 39. Baffle; 40. Raised ring; 41. First rubber ring; 42. Second rubber ring; 43. Mounting plate; 44. Rivet; 45. Hammer block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a soil stratification sampling device for inclined ground, comprising a base 1, a caster 2 is arranged at the bottom of the base 1, a support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a first motor 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 3, an output end of the first motor 4 extends to the inside of the support frame 3 and is fixedly connected to a screw rod 5, the screw rod 5 is rotatably connected to the support frame 3, an outer wall of the screw rod 5 is connected to a slider 6 through a screw nut pair, the slider 6 is slidably connected to the support frame 3, and one end of the slider 6 is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate 7, A second motor 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower pressure plate 7, and a sleeve box 9 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 8. A limit block 10 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve box 9, and a slide plate 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit block 10. The slide plate 12 is slidably connected to the sleeve box 9, and a connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate 12. A drill rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 13, and a drill bit 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drill rod 14. A through groove 16 for cooperating with the drill bit 15 is provided inside the base 1, and a sampling component is arranged inside the drill rod 14.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the base 1 is moved to the ground where sampling is required by the casters 2, and the first motor 4 is started to drive the screw 5 to rotate, so that the slider 6 moves downward, and the lower pressure plate 7 moves downward, so that the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 move downward and pass through the through groove 16. While the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 move downward, the second motor 8 is started to drive the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 to rotate, so that the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 drill into the ground, and the soil is sampled in layers through the sampling assembly. After the sampling is successful, the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 are controlled by the first motor 4 to move upward and extend out of the ground, so as to facilitate the removal of the sampled soil in the drill rod 14.

[0035] Specifically, the sampling assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder 25, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod 14, and a lower pressure rod 26 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 25. A plurality of groups of sampling units are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod 14, and the sampling unit includes four sampling heads 28, which are equidistantly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod 14 and are all slidably connected to the drill rod 14. A first discharge port 29 for use with the sampling head 28 is provided on the outer wall of the drill rod 14, and the sampling head 28 is attached to the inner wall of the first discharge port 29. The top of the sampling head 28 is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 27, and the connecting shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the lower pressure rod 26. A fixing plate 30 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill rod 14 and located below the sampling head 28. A sliding shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing plate 30. A connecting block 33 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding shaft 31. The connecting block 33 is fixedly connected to the sampling head 28. A second spring 32 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding shaft 31. One end of the second spring 32 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 30, and the other end of the second spring 32 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 33.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, after the drill rod 14 penetrates into the soil, the second hydraulic cylinder 25 is started to drive the pressure rod 26 to move downward. Through the several groups of connecting shafts 27, several groups of sampling heads 28 are pushed to penetrate into the soil at the same time. After the sampling heads 28 are extended, the soil enters the internal storage of the sampling heads 28. Through the four sampling heads 28 set in each layer, the soil around can be sampled at the same time, thereby improving the accuracy of soil detection in each layer. When the sampling heads 28 are extended, they drive the connecting blocks 33 to slide on the sliding shaft 31 and compress the second spring 32. After the sampling is completed, the pressure rod 26 is controlled to move downward by the second hydraulic cylinder 25. Under the pulling of the connecting shaft 27 and the action of the second spring 32, the sampling heads 28 are moved into the drill rod 14 and reset, thereby facilitating the retrieval of the drill rod 14.

[0037] Specifically, an electric telescopic rod 35 is fixedly connected inside the drill rod 14 and located above the second hydraulic cylinder 25. A sleeve 36 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 35. The sleeve 36 is slidably connected to the drill rod 14. A second discharge port 37 is opened on the outer wall of the sleeve 36 and located above the corresponding first discharge port 29.

[0038] Through the above technical solution, the first discharge port 29 is blocked by the provided sleeve 36 to prevent soil from entering the sampling head 28 and causing sample mixing when the drill rod 14 moves up and down. When soil sampling is required, the electric telescopic rod 35 is started to drive the sleeve 36 to move downward, so that the second discharge port 37 in the sleeve 36 moves to the same horizontal plane as the first discharge port 29, which makes it convenient for the sampling head 28 to extend for sampling. After the sampling is completed and the sampling head 28 is retracted, the sleeve 36 is controlled to move upward by the electric telescopic rod 35 to misalign the second discharge port 37 with the first discharge port 29, so as to prevent the sampled soil sample from passing through other soil layers and causing mixing.

[0039] Specifically, both sides of the sampling head 28 are configured as arc-shaped surfaces, and the inner wall of the sampling head 28 is symmetrically fixedly connected with two side plates 34 . The top cross-sections of the two side plates 34 are configured as triangles and are inclined toward the downward pressing rod 26 .

[0040] Through the above technical solution, by setting the two sides of the sampling head 28 as arc-shaped surfaces, it is convenient for the sampling head 28 to penetrate into the soil. After the soil enters the sampling head 28, the contact area between the sampling head 28 and the soil is increased by setting the two side plates 34, thereby improving the pulling effect of the sampling head 28 on the soil. When the sampling head 28 is retracted, it is convenient to cut off the soil, thereby preventing the soil inside the sampling head 28 from sticking to the soil outside and causing sampling failure.

[0041] Specifically, the interior of the sleeve 36 is provided with sealing units having the same number as the sampling units, and the sealing units include four baffles 39, which are equidistantly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 36 and are all slidably connected to the sleeve 36, a third spring 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle 39, and the third spring 38 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 36, the top and bottom of the baffle 39 are both set as inclined surfaces, and the baffle 39 and the sampling head 28 are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0042] Through the above technical solution, after the sampling head 28 successfully samples, the sleeve 36 is controlled to move downward so that the second discharge port 37 is misaligned with the first discharge port 29. At this time, under the action of the third spring 38, the baffle 39 is pressed against the sampling head 28 to seal the soil in the sampling head 28 to prevent the soil from leaking out from the connection between the sampling head 28 and the sleeve 36.

[0043] Specifically, two first hydraulic cylinders 17 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower pressure plate 7, and a fixing frame 18 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 17. The fixing frame 18 is sleeved on the outside of the second motor 8, and two protrusions 24 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing frame 18. The top of the protrusion 24 is set as a symmetrical inclined surface, and the outer wall of the connecting plate 13 is symmetrically fixedly connected to two top blocks 23. The bottom of the top block 23 is set as a symmetrical inclined surface, and the protrusion 24 is located below the top block 23. A first spring 11 is arranged inside the sleeve box 9, and the top of the first spring 11 is fixedly connected to the sleeve box 9, and the bottom of the first spring 11 is fixedly connected to the limit block 10. A limiting unit is arranged on the inner wall of the fixing frame 18.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, before controlling the drill rod 14 to rotate in the soil, the first hydraulic cylinder 17 is used to control the fixing frame 18 to move downward, so that the protrusion 24 and the top block 23 are misaligned, and the position of the slide plate 12 is limited by the limiting unit to prevent the slide plate 12 from sliding in the sleeve box 9. After the drill rod 14 is retracted and moved above the base 1, the first hydraulic cylinder 17 is used to control the fixing frame 18 to move upward, release the limit on the slide plate 12, and move the protrusion 24 to the same horizontal plane as the top block 23, and start the second motor 8 to drive the sleeve box 9, the slide plate 12, the connecting plate 13, the top block 23, and the drill rod 14 to rotate at the same time. When the top block 23 rotates to the position where the protrusion 24 is attached, as the top block 23 rotates, the top block 23 is squeezed by the inclined surface of the protrusion 24, so that the top block 23 is upward. When the top block 23 rotates to a position away from the protrusion 24, the first spring 11 and the weight of the drill rod 14 cause the drill rod 14 to move downward quickly and vibrate, thereby reciprocating. As the second motor 8 is started, the drill rod 14 is driven to vibrate downward continuously, so as to shake off the sticky soil in the first discharge port 29, and prevent the soil in the sampling head 28 from being mixed with the sticky soil in the first discharge port 29 when taking out, thereby affecting the accuracy of soil detection. When the drill rod 14 goes deep into the soil, if there is a stone blocking the downward movement of the drill rod 14, the fixing frame 18 is also controlled to move upward. As the second motor 8 is started, the drill bit 15 is continuously impacted downward to crush the stone.

[0045] Specifically, the limiting unit includes a fixing ring 19, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixing frame 18. The outer wall of the limiting block 10 is equidistantly fixedly connected with four limiting plates 20, and the four limiting plates 20 are all slidably connected to the sleeve box 9. The inner walls of the four limiting plates 20 are all fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 21, and the outer walls of the four rotating shafts 21 are all rotatably connected with pulleys 22, which fit the bottom of the fixing ring 19.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, before controlling the drill rod 14 to rotate in the soil, the first hydraulic cylinder 17 controls the fixed frame 18 to move downward, so that the fixed ring 19 moves downward and fits the top of the pulley 22, thereby limiting the position of the limit block 10 to prevent the drill rod 14 from sliding in the sleeve 9 when encountering resistance when moving downward, and when starting the second motor 8, the friction between the fixed ring 19 is reduced by the set pulley 22, so as to facilitate the rotation of the drill rod 14.

[0047] Specifically, a first rubber ring 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove 16 . The bottom of the first rubber ring 41 is configured as an annular inclined surface and tilts downward. The inner diameter of the first rubber ring 41 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod 14 .

[0048] Through the above technical solution, when the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 are controlled to move downward to drill into the ground, the drill rod 14 passes through the first rubber ring 41, and the first rubber ring 41 is expanded so that the first rubber ring 41 fits the outer wall of the drill rod 14. When the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 are controlled to move upward to extend out of the ground, the soil sticking on the drill rod 14 can be scraped off under the action of the first rubber ring 41.

[0049] Specifically, a second rubber ring 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove 16 and located below the first rubber ring 41. The top of the second rubber ring 42 is set as an annular inclined surface and tilted upward. The top of the second rubber ring 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rubber ring 41. A convex ring 40 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill bit 15. The top and bottom of the convex ring 40 are both set as annular inclined surfaces. The convex ring 40 has the same outer diameter as the drill rod 14.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, when the drill bit 15 moves upward and passes through the second rubber ring 42, the convex ring 40 is provided to press against the second rubber ring 42. As the drill bit 15 moves upward, the second rubber ring 42 is pulled upward to deform the second rubber ring 42. At this time, the first rubber ring 41 is in a relaxed state. After the convex ring 40 passes through the second rubber ring 42, the pulling of the convex ring 40 is lost, and the second rubber ring 42 moves downward and returns to its original state. Under the elastic force of the second rubber ring 42, the first rubber ring 41 and the second rubber ring 42 are shaken downward as a whole, so as to prevent the soil scraped by the first rubber ring 41 from sticking to the first rubber ring 41 and being difficult to clean, and to avoid soil mixing when the drill rod 14 is used for sampling next time.

[0051] Specifically, mounting plates 43 are fixedly connected to both sides of the base 1 , rivets 44 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two mounting plates 43 , and hammer blocks 45 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two rivets 44 .

[0052] Through the above technical solution, after the base 1 is moved to the ground where sampling is required, the rivet 44 is hammered downward so that the rivet 44 is inserted into the ground to fix the position of the base 1 and prevent the base 1 from moving on the inclined ground.

[0053] When in use, the base 1 is moved to the ground where sampling is required by the casters 2, and the rivet 44 is hammered downward by hammering to insert the rivet 44 into the ground to fix the position of the base 1 to prevent the base 1 from moving on the inclined ground. Before sampling, the fixing frame 18 is controlled to move downward by the first hydraulic cylinder 17 to misalign the protrusion 24 and the top block 23. The fixing frame 18 moves downward, so that the fixing ring 19 moves downward and fits the top of the pulley 22 to limit the position of the limit block 10 to prevent the drill rod 14 from sliding in the sleeve 9 when encountering resistance when moving downward. When the second motor 8 is started, the friction between the pulley 22 and the fixing ring 19 is reduced to facilitate the rotation of the drill rod 14, and the sleeve 36 is provided. The first discharge port 29 is blocked to prevent soil from entering the sampling head 28 and causing sample mixing when the drill rod 14 moves up and down. The first motor 4 is started to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, so that the slider 6 moves downward, and the lower pressure plate 7 moves downward, so that the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 move downward and pass through the through groove 16. While the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 move downward, the second motor 8 is started to drive the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 to rotate, so that the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 drill into the ground. When the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 are controlled to move downward and drill into the ground, the drill rod 14 passes through the first rubber ring 41, and the first rubber ring 41 is expanded so that the first rubber ring 41 fits the outer wall of the drill rod 14. When it is necessary to sample the soil, the electric telescopic rod 35 is started to drive the sleeve 36 to move downward. The second discharge port 37 in the sleeve 36 is moved to the same horizontal plane as the first discharge port 29, so that the sampling head 28 is convenient to extend for sampling. After the drill rod 14 penetrates into the soil, the second hydraulic cylinder 25 is started to drive the pressing rod 26 to move downward. Through the plurality of connecting shafts 27, the plurality of sampling heads 28 are pushed to penetrate into the soil at the same time. After the sampling heads 28 are extended, the soil enters the internal storage of the sampling heads 28. Through the four sampling heads 28 provided on each layer, the soil around can be sampled at the same time, so as to improve the accuracy of soil detection for each layer. When the sampling heads 28 are extended, the connecting block 33 is driven to slide on the sliding shaft 31 to compress the second spring 32. After the sampling is completed, the pressing rod 26 is controlled to move downward by the second hydraulic cylinder 25. Under the pulling of the shaft 27 and the action of the second spring 32, the sampling head 28 moves into the drill rod 14 and resets, thereby facilitating the retrieval of the drill rod 14. By setting the two sides of the sampling head 28 as arc-shaped surfaces, it is convenient for the sampling head 28 to penetrate into the soil. After the soil enters the sampling head 28, the contact area between the sampling head 28 and the soil is increased by the two side plates 34, thereby improving the pulling effect of the sampling head 28 on the soil. When the sampling head 28 is retracted, it is convenient to cut off the soil, thereby preventing the soil in the sampling head 28 from sticking to the external soil and causing sampling failure. After the sampling is completed and the sampling head 28 is retracted, the sleeve 36 is controlled to move upward by the electric telescopic rod 35, so that the second discharge port 37 is misaligned with the first discharge port 29, thereby preventing the sampled soil sample from passing through other soil layers and causing mixing.After the second discharge port 37 is misaligned with the first discharge port 29, the baffle 39 is pressed against the sampling head 28 under the action of the third spring 38 to seal the soil in the sampling head 28 to prevent the soil from leaking out from the connection of the sleeve 36 of the sampling head 28. After the drill rod 14 is retracted and moved to the top of the base 1, the first hydraulic cylinder 17 controls the fixing frame 18 to move upward, releases the limit of the slide plate 12, and moves the protrusion 24 to the same horizontal plane as the top block 23, and starts the second motor 8 to drive the sleeve box 9, the slide plate 12, the connecting plate 13, the top block 23, and the drill rod 14 to rotate simultaneously. When the top block 23 rotates to a position where it fits the protrusion 24, as the top block 23 rotates, the top block 23 moves upward under the pressure of the inclined surface of the protrusion 24, driving the connecting plate 13 and the drill rod 14 to move upward, pressing the first spring 11. When the top block 23 rotates to a position away from the protrusion 24, the drill rod 14 moves downward quickly and vibrates under the action of the first spring 11 and the gravity of the drill rod 14, and thus reciprocates. As the second motor 8 is started, the drill rod 14 is driven to continue to vibrate downward, so as to shake off the sticky soil in the first discharge port 29 and prevent the soil in the sampling head 28 from being removed. When the drill rod 14 is moved deeper into the soil, if there is a stone blocking the downward movement of the drill rod 14, the fixing frame 18 is also controlled to move upward. With the start of the second motor 8, the drill bit 15 is continuously impacted downward to break the stone. When the drill rod 14 and the drill bit 15 are controlled to move upward and extend out of the ground, the soil sticking on the drill rod 14 can be scraped off under the action of the first rubber ring 41. When the drill bit 15 moves upward and passes through the second rubber ring 42, the convex ring 40 is provided to press against the second rubber ring 42. As the drill bit 15 moves upward, the rubber ring 42 pulls the second rubber ring 42 upward, causing the second rubber ring 42 to deform. At this time, the first rubber ring 41 is in a relaxed state. When the convex ring 40 passes through the second rubber ring 42, the convex ring 40 is no longer pulled, and the second rubber ring 42 moves downward and returns to its original state. Under the elastic force of the second rubber ring 42, the first rubber ring 41 and the second rubber ring 42 shake downward as a whole, preventing the soil scraped by the first rubber ring 41 from sticking to the first rubber ring 41 and being difficult to clean, and avoiding soil mixing when the drill rod 14 is used for sampling next time.

[0054] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), wherein a caster (2) is arranged at the bottom of the base (1), the top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (3), the top of the support frame (3) is fixedly connected to a first motor (4), the output end of the first motor (4) extends to the inside of the support frame (3) and is fixedly connected to a lead screw (5), the lead screw (5) is rotatably connected to the support frame (3), the outer wall of the lead screw (5) is connected to a slider (6) via a lead screw nut pair, the slider (6) is slidably connected to the support frame (3), one end of the slider (6) is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate (7), the bottom of the lower pressure plate (7) is fixedly connected to a second motor (8), and the output end of the second motor (8 ... is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate (7), and the output end of the second motor (8) is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate (7). The output end is fixedly connected to a sleeve box (9), the inner wall of the sleeve box (9) is slidably connected to a limit block (10), the bottom of the limit block (10) is fixedly connected to a slide plate (12), the slide plate (12) is slidably connected to the sleeve box (9), the bottom of the slide plate (12) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (13), the bottom of the connecting plate (13) is fixedly connected to a drill rod (14), the bottom of the drill rod (14) is fixedly connected to a drill bit (15), the inside of the base (1) is provided with a through groove (16) used in conjunction with the drill bit (15), the inside of the drill rod (14) is provided with a sampling assembly, the sampling assembly comprising a plurality of groups of sampling units equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod (14); Two first hydraulic cylinders (17) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower pressure plate (7), and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (17) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (18), and the fixing frame (18) is sleeved on the outside of the second motor (8). Two protrusions (24) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing frame (18), and the tops of the protrusions (24) are set as symmetrical inclined surfaces. Two top blocks (23) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate (13), and the bottoms of the top blocks (23) are set as symmetrical inclined surfaces. The protrusions (24) are located below the top blocks (23). A first spring (11) is arranged inside the sleeve (9), and the top of the first spring (11) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (9), and the bottom of the first spring (11) is fixedly connected to the limit block (10). The inner wall of the fixing frame (18) is provided with a limit unit; The limiting unit comprises a fixing ring (19), wherein the fixing ring (19) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixing frame (18), and the outer wall of the limiting block (10) is equidistantly fixedly connected with four limiting plates (20), and the four limiting plates (20) are all slidably connected to the sleeve box (9), and the inner walls of the four limiting plates (20) are all fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (21), and the outer walls of the four rotating shafts (21) are all rotatably connected with a pulley (22), and the pulley (22) fits the bottom of the fixing ring (19).

2. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (25), the second hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod (14), the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixedly connected to a pressing rod (26), the sampling unit comprises four sampling heads (28), the four sampling heads (28) are equidistantly mounted on the inner wall of the drill rod (14) and are all slidably connected to the drill rod (14), the outer wall of the drill rod (14) is provided with a first discharge port (29) for use with the sampling head (28), the sampling head (28) is fitted to the inner wall of the first discharge port (29), and the top of the sampling head (28) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (27), the connecting shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the lower pressure rod (26), the inner wall of the drill rod (14) and located below the sampling head (28) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (30), the inner wall of the fixing plate (30) is fixedly connected to a sliding shaft (31), the outer wall of the sliding shaft (31) is slidably connected to a connecting block (33), the connecting block (33) is fixedly connected to the sampling head (28), the outer wall of the sliding shaft (31) is sleeved with a second spring (32), one end of the second spring (32) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (30), and the other end of the second spring (32) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (33).

3. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod (35) is fixedly connected inside the drill rod (14) and located above the second hydraulic cylinder (25); a sleeve (36) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (35); the sleeve (36) is slidably connected to the drill rod (14); and a second discharge port (37) is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (36) and located above the corresponding first discharge port (29).

4. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the sampling head (28) are configured as arc-shaped surfaces, and the inner wall of the sampling head (28) is symmetrically fixedly connected to two side plates (34), and the top cross-sections of the two side plates (34) are configured as triangles and are inclined toward the downward pressure rod (26).

5. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (36) is provided with sealing units having the same number as the sampling units, and the sealing units include four baffles (39). The four baffles (39) are equidistantly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve (36) and are all slidably connected to the sleeve (36). A third spring (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle (39), and the third spring (38) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (36). The top and bottom of the baffle (39) are both arranged as inclined surfaces, and the baffle (39) and the sampling head (28) are located on the same horizontal plane.

6. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first rubber ring (41) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove (16); the bottom of the first rubber ring (41) is arranged as an annular inclined surface and tilts downward; the inner diameter of the first rubber ring (41) is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod (14).

7. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second rubber ring (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove (16) and is located below the first rubber ring (41); the top of the second rubber ring (42) is arranged as an annular inclined surface and is inclined upward; the top of the second rubber ring (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rubber ring (41); a convex ring (40) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill bit (15); the top and bottom of the convex ring (40) are arranged as annular inclined surfaces; the outer diameter of the convex ring (40) is the same as that of the drill rod (14).

8. The device for collecting and sampling soil layers on an inclined surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the base (1) are fixedly connected with mounting plates (43), the inner walls of the two mounting plates (43) are slidably connected with rivets (44), and the tops of the two rivets (44) are fixedly connected with hammer blocks (45).

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