A high power overmode circular waveguide TE 01 mode power power divider / combiner
By designing a high-power overmode circular waveguide TE01 mode power divider/combiner, efficient conversion and combination of multiple rectangular waveguide TE10 modes to circular waveguide TE01 modes were achieved, solving the problem of limited output power of individual power devices and meeting the high power requirements of modern radar, communication, and electronic countermeasures systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
The output power of a single solid-state power amplifier device is limited at high frequencies. Vacuum electronic amplifier devices cannot meet the high power requirements of modern radar, communication, and electronic countermeasures systems in certain application scenarios. Existing technologies make it difficult to achieve multi-channel power combining to obtain higher output power.
Design a high-power overmode circular waveguide TE01 mode power divider/combiner. Through the structure of four obliquely inserted rectangular waveguides, a rectangular waveguide TE10 mode to orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE22 mode synthesis section, an orthogonal rectangular waveguide to orthogonal fan waveguide transformation section, an orthogonal fan waveguide TE22 to circular waveguide TE01 mode transformation section, and an overmode circular waveguide, achieve efficient conversion and synthesis of multiple rectangular waveguide TE10 modes to circular waveguide TE01 modes.
It achieves efficient multi-channel power combining with wide operating bandwidth, high combining efficiency, and large power capacity, which can meet the high power requirements of modern radar, communication, and electronic countermeasures systems, and reduces the resonant points and reflections during mode conversion.
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Figure CN119069987B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-power microwave and millimeter wave electronic technology, and in particular to a high-power over-mode circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider / combiner. BACKGROUND
[0002] In modern radar, communication and electronic countermeasure systems, the power amplifier determines the transmitting output power of the system, and further affects the working distance, working efficiency and other indicators of the system. Vacuum electronic amplifier devices (such as traveling wave tubes, gyrotron tubes, etc.) and solid-state power amplifier devices are often used for power amplification. The solid-state power amplifier device has the advantages of low noise, low operating voltage, high reliability and easy mass production, but the output power of a single solid-state power amplifier is limited as the working frequency continues to rise. In addition, although the vacuum electronic amplifier device can output higher power, a single device still cannot meet the current demand for high power in radar, communication and electronic countermeasure systems in some application scenarios.
[0003] In order to obtain greater output power and meet the current demand for high power in radar, communication and electronic countermeasure systems, combining higher power through power combining technology is an effective way for multiple power amplifiers. The present application proposes a new type of high-power over-mode circular waveguide TE 01 mode power combiner, which realizes high-efficiency combination of multiple rectangular waveguide TE 10 modes to over-mode circular waveguide TE 01 modes, and has the characteristics of wide working bandwidth, high combination efficiency and large power capacity. SUMMARY
[0004] Since the output power of a single power device is limited, in order to obtain greater output power, the present application proposes a high-power over-mode circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider / combiner.
[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A high-power over-mode circular waveguide TE 01 mode power divider / combiner, comprising four in-line rectangular waveguides, a rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode-quadrature rectangular waveguide TE 22 mode combination section, a quadrature rectangular waveguide-quadrature sector waveguide conversion section, a quadrature sector waveguide, a quadrature sector waveguide TE 22 -circular waveguide TE 01 mode conversion section, and an over-mode circular waveguide.
[0007] The four in-line rectangular waveguides are in common and are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference; the input ends of the four in-line rectangular waveguides are connected to the front-stage standard rectangular waveguide and input the main mode TE10 mode.
[0008] The rectangular waveguide TE 10 -orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 Mode synthesis section, composed of four segments of oblique rectangular waveguide extension and orthogonal rectangular waveguide section; wherein the four segments of oblique rectangular waveguide extension are the extensions of each oblique rectangular waveguide, and the four segments of oblique rectangular waveguide extension intersect to form a cross-shaped orthogonal rectangular waveguide section, realizing mode conversion of TE 10 mode to orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 mode and power synthesis.
[0009] The orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transition section, the outermost 4 faces parallel to the axial direction are uniformly and smoothly transitioned to arc surfaces, for realizing the transition of orthogonal rectangular waveguide to orthogonal sector waveguide.
[0010] The orthogonal sector waveguide, the outermost 4 faces are arc surfaces with the same radius as the overmoded circular waveguide, and the other faces parallel to the axial direction are planes, which are the axial extension of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transition section, for transmitting TE 22 mode.
[0011] The orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 -circular waveguide TE 01 mode conversion section, which uniformly and smoothly transitions the aperture surface of the orthogonal sector waveguide to the aperture surface of the overmoded circular waveguide, for realizing the conversion of TE 22 mode to circular waveguide TE 01 mode.
[0012] The overmoded circular waveguide is the output end of the power combiner, outputting circular waveguide TE 01 mode.
[0013] Further, the included angle between the oblique rectangular waveguide and the central axis of the combiner is 22.8°.
[0014] Further, the sharp ends at the intersection of the four segments of oblique rectangular waveguide extension are rounded, reducing the possibility of sparking at the sharp ends during high-power transmission.
[0015] Further, the central axes of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transition section, the orthogonal sector waveguide, and the orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 -circular waveguide TE 01 mode conversion section and the overmoded circular waveguide coincide.
[0016] Further, the lengths of the four oblique rectangular waveguides are adjusted so that their input ports can be connected to the previous standard rectangular waveguide through flanges.
[0017] In the application, when as a combiner, first, the four-way oblique-in rectangular waveguide input TE 10 mode; then, the rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 mode synthesis section synthesizes the four-way oblique-in rectangular waveguide into the orthogonal rectangular waveguide, and realizes the mode conversion from the rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode to the orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 mode; again, the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide conversion section converts it uniformly to the orthogonal sector waveguide, in the process, the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide conversion section and the orthogonal sector waveguide can slow down the overall conversion trend of the mode, reduce the possibility of resonance point, play the role of impedance matching, eliminating reflection, and improving efficiency; finally, again, the orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 -circular waveguide TE 01 mode conversion section uniformly and smoothly transitions the orthogonal sector waveguide to the overmoded circular waveguide, and outputs the circular waveguide TE 01 mode. When as a power divider, the electromagnetic wave transmits reversely.
[0018] The power dividing / combiner of the application not only realizes the high-power combination of four rectangular waveguide ports, but also completes the mode conversion from the rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode to the circular waveguide TE 01 mode; in addition, it also has the characteristics of wide operating bandwidth, high combination efficiency, large power capacity, and low insertion loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividing / combiner.
[0020] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividing / combiner.
[0021] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividing / combiner.
[0022] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividing / combiner.
[0023] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE 01 mode power dividing / combiner.
[0024] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the high-power circular waveguide TE01 Electric field distribution diagram of a mode power divider / combiner applied to the Ku band.
[0025] Figure 7 The transmission coefficients from the main port to each branch port of the power combiner in the present invention are measured in the Ku band.
[0026] Figure 8 The phase of the Ku-band transmission coefficient from the main port to each branch port of the power combiner of this invention.
[0027] Figure 9 The power combining efficiency of the power combiner of this invention in the Ku band.
[0028] Figure labeling: 1. Obliquely inserted rectangular waveguide; 2. Rectangular waveguide TE. 10 Mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 3. Orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transformation segment; 4. Orthogonal sector waveguide; 5. Orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 - Circular waveguide TE 01 Mode conversion segment, 6. Overmode circular waveguide. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to a design example and accompanying drawings:
[0030] This embodiment provides a Ku-band high-power circular waveguide TE 01 A modal power divider / combiner operates in the frequency range of 12.5 GHz to 18.5 GHz. Its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes four obliquely inserted rectangular waveguides and a rectangular waveguide TE. 10 Mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 Modeling segment, orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transformation segment, orthogonal sector waveguide, orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 - Circular waveguide TE 01 Mode conversion segment, overmode circular waveguide.
[0031] The obliquely-entered rectangular waveguides are Ku-band standard BJ140 rectangular waveguides with dimensions a*b = 15.8mm*7.9mm. The angle between the four obliquely-entered rectangular waveguides and the central axis is 22.8°. The input ports are all 34mm above the device's central axis to facilitate flange mounting. The four obliquely-entered rectangular waveguide inputs are TE... 10 The polarization directions of each mode are 90° out of axial direction from those of the adjacent ports, so that they can be synthesized in the subsequent waveguide.
[0032] Rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22Mode synthesis section, which is composed of four-section oblique-to-rectangular waveguide extension section and orthogonal rectangular waveguide section; wherein the four-section oblique-to-rectangular waveguide extension section is the extension of each oblique-to-rectangular waveguide, and the four-section oblique-to-rectangular waveguide extension section intersects to form a cross-shaped orthogonal rectangular waveguide section, and the tip of the intersection is rounded to reduce the possibility of tip sparking when high power is transmitted; this section structure can realize the mode conversion of TE 10 Mode to orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE 22 Mode conversion and power synthesis, and the energy conversion efficiency is as high as 99.84%. In this embodiment, the size of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide in this section is: a=31.6mm, b=7.9mm.
[0033] Orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide conversion section, used for realizing the transition of orthogonal rectangular waveguide to orthogonal sector waveguide; in this section, the four outermost surfaces parallel to the axial direction are uniformly and smoothly transitioned to arc surfaces, and the other surfaces remain unchanged. In this embodiment, the axial length of this section is set to 30mm.
[0034] Orthogonal sector waveguide, the four outermost surfaces are arc surfaces with the same radius as the overmoded circular waveguide, and the other surfaces parallel to the axial direction are planar surfaces, which are the axial extension of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide conversion section, used for transmitting TE 22 Mode. In this section, the reflections caused by the discontinuity of the waveguide between the two sections can be simultaneously eliminated, the overall conversion trend of the mode can be slowed down, and the possibility of resonance points can be reduced.
[0035] Orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 -Circular waveguide TE 01 Mode conversion section, used for uniformly and smoothly transitioning the aperture surface of the orthogonal sector waveguide to the aperture surface of the overmoded circular waveguide, realizing the conversion of TE 22 Mode to circular waveguide TE 01 Mode. The axial distance of the orthogonal sector waveguide to the circular waveguide affects the reflection characteristics of the mode converter, and in this embodiment, the axial length of this section is set to 103mm.
[0036] Overmoded circular waveguide, used for transmitting the generated TE 01 Mode, with a radius of 16mm, larger than the standard circular waveguide, which can effectively improve the power capacity.
[0037] The central axis of the overmoded circular waveguide coincides with that of the orthogonal sector waveguide and the mode converter.
[0038] Figure 6 The electric field distribution diagram of the power combiner when it works in the Ku frequency band of 12.5GHz-18.5GHz is given, and from the diagram, it can be seen that the input TE 10 Mode is transmitted through the four-section rectangular waveguide, rectangular waveguide TE 10 Mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE22 Mode synthesis section, orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide conversion section, orthogonal sector waveguide, orthogonal sector waveguide TE 22 - Circular waveguide TE 01 Mode conversion section, overmoded circular waveguide, and finally synthesis circular waveguide TE 01 Mode, realizing high-power circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power synthesis.
[0039] In this embodiment, TE 10 -TE 01 The final simulation results of the power synthesizer are shown in Figs. Figure 7 、 8 , 9. In the Ku band of 12.5 GHz to 18.5 GHz, the transmission coefficient amplitude of the four-way rectangular waveguide fluctuates within a small range of -6 dB, the phases of the 1st and 4th ports are the same, the phases of the 2nd and 3rd ports are the same, and the phase imbalance between the in-phase ports is within ±4°. According to the mode synthesis conversion efficiency obtained from the transmission coefficients of the four ports, it is proved that the TE 10 Mode input from the four ports is basically converted into the TE 01 Mode of the circular waveguide.
[0040] In summary, the Ku-band new high-power circular waveguide TE 01 Mode power synthesizer proposed in the application realizes high-efficiency synthesis of four-way TE 10 Mode into the TE 01 Mode of the circular waveguide, and has the characteristics of wide working bandwidth, high synthesis efficiency, and large power capacity.
Claims
1. A high-power circular waveguide TE01 mode power combiner, characterized in that, It includes a four-way oblique-entry rectangular waveguide, a rectangular waveguide TE10 mode-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE22 mode synthesis segment, an orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transformation segment, an orthogonal sector waveguide, an orthogonal sector waveguide TE22-circular waveguide TE01 mode transformation segment, and a mode-crossing circular waveguide arranged sequentially; the central axes of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transformation segment, the orthogonal sector waveguide, the orthogonal sector waveguide TE22-circular waveguide TE01 mode transformation segment, and the mode-crossing circular waveguide coincide; There are four obliquely inserted rectangular waveguides, and the four obliquely inserted rectangular waveguides are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference; their input ends are connected to the previous standard rectangular waveguide and the input master mode TE10 mode; The rectangular waveguide TE10-orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE22 mode synthesis segment consists of four obliquely-entered rectangular waveguide extension segments and an orthogonal rectangular waveguide segment. The four obliquely-entered rectangular waveguide extension segments are extensions of each obliquely-entered rectangular waveguide. The four obliquely-entered rectangular waveguide extension segments intersect to form a cross-shaped orthogonal rectangular waveguide segment, realizing mode conversion and power synthesis from TE10 mode to orthogonal rectangular waveguide TE22 mode. The orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal sector waveguide transformation segment has four outermost surfaces parallel to the axial direction that smoothly transition from a plane to an arc surface, which is used to realize the transition from an orthogonal rectangular waveguide to an orthogonal sector waveguide. The orthogonal fan-shaped waveguide has four outermost curved surfaces with the same radius as the overmode circular waveguide. The other surfaces parallel to the axial direction are planes and are axial extensions of the orthogonal rectangular waveguide-orthogonal fan-shaped waveguide transformation segment, used to transmit the TE22 mode. The orthogonal sector waveguide TE22-circular waveguide TE01 mode conversion segment smoothly transitions the aperture surface of the orthogonal sector waveguide to the aperture surface of the overmode circular waveguide, thereby realizing the conversion from TE22 mode to TE01 mode of the circular waveguide. The overmode circular waveguide is the output terminal of the power combiner, outputting the circular waveguide TE01 mode.
2. The high-power circular waveguide TE01 mode power combiner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the obliquely inserted rectangular waveguide and the synthesizer's central axis is 22.8°.
3. A high-power circular waveguide TE01 mode power combiner as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tips of the intersections of the four obliquely inserted rectangular waveguide extensions are rounded.
4. A high-power circular waveguide TE01 mode power combiner as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Adjust the length of the four oblique-in rectangular waveguides so that their input ports can be connected to the previous standard rectangular waveguide via flanges.