Microwave measurement and control device
By adopting a high-speed serial transmission channel and a hierarchical structure design in the microwave measurement and control system, the transmission delay and data interaction lag problems of the traditional CPCI architecture are solved, realizing fast closed-loop control and high-stability beam current, and improving system integration and resource allocation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF ADVANCED SCI FACILITIES SHENZHEN
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing microwave measurement and control systems are limited by CPCI parallel bus architecture, resulting in large transmission delays and lag in data interaction between RF and tuning, making it difficult to achieve high-speed coordination.
The backplane features a high-speed serial transmission channel, allowing the RF unit and tuning unit to be directly connected via the same channel. Combined with a layered front and rear card design, this achieves physical isolation between digital logic and high-power drive, and enables data exchange through an independent communication channel.
It achieves microsecond-level RF and tuning data interaction, ensuring rapid closed-loop control, improving the stability of the accelerator beam and the system integration, reducing noise crosstalk, and optimizing hardware resource configuration.
Smart Images
Figure CN121940948A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of particle acceleration technology, and in particular to a microwave measurement and control device. Background Technology
[0002] Particle accelerators are high-frequency accelerators used in high-energy physics fields such as free electron lasers. They rely on a core radio frequency control system to output a stable and precise beam. The radio frequency control system is mainly responsible for real-time, closed-loop regulation of the electromagnetic field in the acceleration cavity, continuously monitoring the radio frequency power status of the feed cavity, and performing rapid protection when abnormal reflections occur.
[0003] In existing technologies, microwave measurement and control systems are typically built using the CPCI (CompactPCI) standard architecture. In the CPCI standard architecture, each functional board communicates with the main control unit by sharing bandwidth. The radio frequency control system and the cavity tuning system operate as relatively independent subsystems, and logically they still adopt a discrete control mode.
[0004] However, existing technologies still have some shortcomings. Specifically, existing particle accelerators use a shared parallel bus architecture of CPCI. When multiple data acquisition cards are transmitting data at high speed simultaneously, the bus bandwidth is easily saturated when the system needs to perform real-time monitoring of multiple channels and high sampling rates, resulting in data transmission congestion and uncontrollable delays. At the same time, due to the lack of independent high-speed interconnection channels, the cavity status information acquired by the RF control unit cannot be directly transmitted to the tuning control unit within the specified time, resulting in data interaction lag and preventing the RF control unit and the tuning control unit from forming a tight joint closed-loop control.
[0005] Therefore, this application aims to solve the problems of large transmission delay and lagging data interaction between radio frequency and tuning in existing microwave measurement and control systems due to the CPCI parallel bus architecture, which makes it difficult to achieve high-speed coordination. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a microwave measurement and control device to solve the problems of large transmission delay caused by the CPCI parallel bus architecture in existing microwave measurement and control systems, as well as the lag in data interaction between radio frequency and tuning, which makes it difficult to achieve high-speed coordination.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a microwave measurement and control device, comprising: Back panel; High-speed serial transmission channel; The radio frequency unit is electrically connected to the backplane and is used to collect radio frequency field state data of the accelerator cavity. A tuning unit, electrically connected to the backplane, is used to output a drive signal to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity; The radio frequency unit and the tuning unit are electrically connected through the high-speed serial transmission channel, and the tuning unit is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity according to the radio frequency field state data.
[0008] Furthermore, the radio frequency unit includes a first front card and a first rear card, which are electrically connected via a region interface; The first rear card is used to perform analog signal conditioning on the collected radio frequency field state data; The first front card is used to generate a control command requesting tuning based on the conditioned radio frequency field state data.
[0009] Furthermore, the tuning unit includes a second front card and a second rear card, which are electrically connected via a region interface; The second front card is used to generate a tuning signal according to the control command; The second rear card is used to output the drive signal according to the tuning signal of the second front card, so as to control the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity.
[0010] Furthermore, the tuning unit is electrically connected to at least one of the radio frequency units via the backplane. The tuning unit receives and processes the radio frequency field state data from the radio frequency units to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity.
[0011] Furthermore, the high-speed serial transmission channel includes: A first communication channel is connected between the radio frequency unit and the tuning unit for transmitting the radio frequency field state data; The second communication channel, which is deployed on the backplane, is used for data exchange between the units.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a first data exchange unit and a first processing unit. The first data exchange unit is plugged into the backplane and is electrically connected to the first processing unit, the radio frequency unit and the tuning unit respectively. The first data exchange unit is used to exchange and distribute data accessed through the second communication channel.
[0013] Furthermore, the first rear card includes a forward detection port, a reverse detection port, and a cavity pressure detection port; The first rear card is used to transmit the received reference signal and local oscillator signal to the first front card; The first front card demodulates and analyzes the radio frequency field state data based on the reference signal and the local oscillator signal.
[0014] Furthermore, the output interface of the tuning unit includes: Motor drive terminal, used to connect the motor in the accelerator cavity; A voltage drive terminal is used to connect the piezoelectric ceramic actuator of the accelerator cavity; The tuning unit adjusts the coupling degree of the accelerator cavity through the motor drive terminal and adjusts the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity through the voltage drive terminal.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a redundancy unit, which includes a second data exchange unit and a second processing unit; The second data exchange unit and the second processing unit are electrically connected; The microwave measurement and control device operates through the first data exchange unit and the first processing unit, and switches to the second data exchange unit and the second processing unit when the first data exchange unit and the first processing unit fail.
[0016] Furthermore, the redundant unit also includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the backplane and is used to provide power to the microwave measurement and control device in the event of a power failure.
[0017] The above technical solution has the following advantages: This invention employs a backplane with a high-speed serial transmission channel, replacing the shared parallel bus of the traditional CPCI architecture. A direct link is established between the RF unit and the tuning unit via the high-speed serial transmission channel, allowing RF field status data to be directly transmitted to the tuning unit without intermediate relay. This solves the latency problem caused by the fact that data interaction in existing technologies requires the use of the same parallel channel, achieving microsecond-level interaction of RF and tuning data. This ensures rapid tuning through closed-loop control when facing Lorentz force detuning or microphonic effects, significantly improving the stability of the accelerator beam.
[0018] By designing the RF unit and tuning unit into a layered structure including front and rear cards and connecting them through regional interfaces, physical isolation between the digital logic processing section and the high-power drive section is achieved, reducing crosstalk of high-frequency digital noise to sensitive analog signals. At the same time, the entire process from signal acquisition and processing to drive output is integrated within the same chassis. Compared with traditional discrete systems, this significantly reduces external cable connections and improves the system's integration and signal-to-noise ratio.
[0019] By deploying physically isolated first and second communication channels, the first communication channel directly connects the RF unit and the tuning unit, while the second communication channel is arranged on the backplane. The first communication channel is dedicated to transmitting low-latency control closed-loop data, while the second communication channel is dedicated to data interaction between the units. This avoids non-real-time waveform data occupying the bandwidth of the real-time control channel and ensures stable transmission of RF field status data. At the same time, a single tuning unit can interface with multiple RF units, optimizing hardware resource configuration and realizing synchronous tuning of multiple cavities of the accelerator. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the radio frequency unit and the tuning unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microwave measurement and control device of the present invention.
[0021] In the diagram: 100, Radio frequency unit; 101, First front card; 102, First rear card; 200, Tuning unit; 201, Second front card; 202, Second rear card; 300, Backplane; 400, First data exchange unit; 500, First processing unit; 600, Redundancy unit; 700, Accelerator. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.
[0023] In free-electron lasers, the accelerator 700 is used to significantly accelerate the beam to achieve high-quality light output. To maintain the accelerator 700 in a high-precision and high-stability state to generate a more stable radio frequency field, the existing particle accelerator 700 uses a CPCI shared parallel bus architecture. When multiple data acquisition cards are transmitting data at high speed simultaneously, the bus bandwidth is easily saturated because all cards need to occupy the same parallel channel for data interaction. This leads to data transmission congestion and uncontrollable delays when the system needs to perform real-time monitoring of multiple channels and high sampling rates. At the same time, due to the lack of independent high-speed interconnection channels, the cavity status information acquired by the RF control unit cannot be directly transmitted to the tuning control unit within the specified time, resulting in a lag in data interaction and preventing the RF control unit and the tuning control unit from forming a tight joint closed loop.
[0024] This embodiment aims to address the problems caused by the CPCI architecture in the existing particle accelerator 700 control system, which leads to transmission congestion and delay due to the bandwidth sharing mechanism when processing high-speed multi-channel data. Furthermore, the fact that the radio frequency control and cavity tuning control are separate makes it impossible to achieve high-speed collaborative closed-loop compensation when dealing with Lorentz force detuning or microphonic effects.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a microwave measurement and control device, which includes a backplane 300, a high-speed serial transmission channel, an RF unit 100, and a tuning unit 200; the RF unit 100 is electrically connected to the backplane 300 and is used to collect RF field state data of the accelerator 700 cavity; the tuning unit 200 is electrically connected to the backplane 300 and is used to output a drive signal to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity. The radio frequency unit 100 and the tuning unit 200 are electrically connected through a high-speed serial transmission channel. The tuning unit 200 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity according to the radio frequency field state data.
[0026] Specifically, the backplane 300 serves as the physical support and data interaction hub for the entire device. It has a high-speed serial transmission channel. The high-speed serial transmission channel used in this embodiment supports point-to-point data transmission. Each pair of connections has independent bandwidth resources, thereby eliminating bus contention and ensuring determinism and low latency in data transmission, which is different from the parallel bus in the traditional CPCI architecture.
[0027] The radio frequency unit 100 is used to acquire radio frequency field state data of the accelerator 700 cavity. Specifically, the electromagnetic field state inside the accelerator 700 cavity is output through probe coupling. The parameters of the electromagnetic field state, such as amplitude, phase, and frequency, are received by the radio frequency unit 100 and digitally processed to obtain the specific state of the electromagnetic field inside the accelerator 700 cavity in real time.
[0028] The tuning unit 200 is used to output a drive signal to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity. The accelerator 700 cavity is usually equipped with a mechanical tuning mechanism, such as a motor and piezoelectric ceramics mentioned below. The resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity is adjusted by changing the geometry or load characteristics of the accelerator 700 cavity. The tuning unit 200 generates corresponding pulse signals or voltage signals and other drive signals to drive the motor and piezoelectric ceramics.
[0029] The radio frequency unit 100 and the tuning unit 200 are electrically connected through a high-speed serial transmission channel, which establishes a data interaction link between the radio frequency unit 100 and the tuning unit 200. The tuning unit 200 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity according to the radio frequency field state data from the radio frequency unit 100. As long as the radio frequency unit 100 detects a shift in the cavity frequency, it sends the relevant electromagnetic field state parameters to the tuning unit 200 through the high-speed serial transmission channel. The tuning unit 200 then responds and outputs a drive signal for compensation, thereby forming a fast-response closed-loop control system.
[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the radio frequency unit 100 includes a first front card 101 and a first rear card 102, which are electrically connected via a region interface. This region interface is a high-speed inter-board connector used to enable high-speed transmission of analog and digital signals between the first front card 101 and the first rear card 102. The region interface is not specifically limited; the high-speed inter-board connector can be from the Molex Sentrality series or the TE ConnectivityDynamic series.
[0031] The first rear card 102 is used to perform analog signal conditioning on the acquired radio frequency field state data. Since the radio frequency signal directly coupled from the accelerator 700 cavity is usually high in power and contains noise, the first rear card 102 integrates conditioning circuits such as attenuators, filters and amplifiers to adjust the original signal to a level range suitable for analog-to-digital converter (ADC) processing and filter out out-of-band interference.
[0032] The first front card 101 is used to generate a control command requesting tuning based on the conditioned RF field state data. Specifically, the first front card 101 integrates a high-performance FPGA or DSP chip, which has built-in digital signal processing algorithms, such as IQ demodulation algorithms, capable of extracting key parameters such as amplitude, phase, and frequency deviation from the conditioned signal. When the calculated frequency deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the first front card 101 generates a control command containing the deviation value and direction. The control command is sent to the tuning unit 200 through the high-speed serial transmission channel of the backplane 300, thereby requesting the tuning unit 200 to tune the accelerator 700 cavity; in addition, such as Figure 3 It is known that the input end of the power source is electrically connected to the first front card 101, and the output end of the power source is connected to the accelerator 700 cavity. The first front card 101 also generates a control command requesting the power source to excite. The power source generates high-power microwaves according to the excitation control command and transmits them to the accelerator 700 cavity through a waveguide, thereby converting microwave energy into the kinetic energy of particles and continuously driving the ion acceleration of the accelerator 700.
[0033] The first front card 101 serves as the digital control core of the radio frequency unit 100. It preferably adopts an advanced mezzanine card and is mainly used to realize the logic control of microwave excitation and real-time data processing. It is responsible for executing the core algorithm and generating high-precision control commands.
[0034] The first back card 102 serves as an analog front-end extension of the radio frequency unit 100. It is preferably a post-processing expansion card and is mainly responsible for the acquisition and preliminary conditioning of the superconducting cavity radio frequency signal. Its panel interface is directly connected to the accelerator 700 cavity and is used to acquire multiple analog signals from the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0035] The first front card 101 and the first rear card 102 are interconnected through a regional interface to achieve the interconnection of the backplane 300. The analog signal collected by the first rear card 102 is conditioned and then transmitted to the first front card 101 for digital processing, thereby achieving the integration of microwave status acquisition and feedback control while ensuring signal purity.
[0036] Furthermore, to ensure precise locking of the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity, the digital signal processing algorithm within the first front card 101 preferably employs PID (proportional-integral-derivative) closed-loop control. The first front card 101 calculates the system deviation e(t) in real time based on the difference between the acquired RF field state data and the preset ideal value. The deviation e(t) is then fed into the PID controller for calculation, and the output u(t) of the PID controller is the compensation amount in the control command requesting tuning. Specifically, the operational logic of the PID controller satisfies the following relationship: ; Where u(t) is the controller output; e(t) is the error between the set value and the measured value; Kp is the proportional gain, used to respond to the current deviation; Ki is the integral gain, used to eliminate the steady-state error of the system; Ti is the integration time. Kd is the differential gain, used to predict the trend of deviation changes and suppress it in advance; Td is the differential time. The feedback control performance of a PID controller can be adjusted by changing its gain and time parameters. By dynamically adjusting the aforementioned gain parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) in the FPGA or DSP of the first front card 101, the response speed and overshoot of the microwave measurement and control device can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving high-speed compensation for Lorentz force detuning within a microsecond timescale, ensuring that the measured value approaches the set value infinitely, and realizing high-precision closed-loop control.
[0037] In this embodiment, the tuning unit 200 includes a second front card 201 and a second rear card 202. The second front card 201 and the second rear card 202 are also electrically connected through a regional interface. This regional interface can be a high-speed board-to-board connector. The second front card 201 is used to generate tuning signals according to control commands. The second rear card 202 is used to output a drive signal according to the tuning signal of the second front card 201 to control the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0038] In the RF unit 100 and the tuning unit 200, the separate design of the front card and the rear card physically isolates the digital logic part of the front card from the high-power drive part of the rear card, reducing interference.
[0039] The second front card 201 is used to generate a tuning signal according to the control command. The second front card 201 receives the control command from the radio frequency unit 100. Its internal control logic calculates the compensation amount to be applied to the actuator, such as the number of steps of the stepper motor, according to the frequency deviation value in the control command, and converts the required compensation amount into a low-level digital tuning signal, such as a PWM wave or a DAC value.
[0040] The second rear card 202 is used to output a drive signal based on the tuning signal of the second front card 201 to control the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity, and to control the voltage value of the piezoelectric ceramic through the drive signal. Since the power of the digital signal is very weak and cannot directly drive the motor and the piezoelectric ceramic, both the second front card 201 and the second rear card 202 integrate power amplifier circuits to amplify the low-level signal into a high-voltage or high-current drive signal, which directly acts on the motor or the piezoelectric ceramic, thereby changing the coupling degree and resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0041] The second front card 201 serves as the processing center of the tuning unit 200. It is preferably an advanced mezzanine card and is mainly responsible for the logical processing of signals and the generation of motor drive control signals. Based on the received frequency deviation command, it calculates the compensation amount required for the coupler motor and the frequency tuning motor, and directly outputs control signals to adjust the quality factor of the cavity.
[0042] The second rear card 202 is a high-voltage drive expansion module of the tuning unit 200, preferably a post-processing expansion card, which is specifically responsible for the drive control of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT). Since the piezoelectric ceramic requires high voltage drive to achieve rapid fine-tuning, the second rear card 202 integrates a high-voltage drive circuit, which outputs a high-voltage drive signal according to the instructions from the second front card 201, thereby realizing rapid fine-tuning of the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in a multi-cavity control scenario, the tuning unit 200 of this embodiment is electrically connected to at least one radio frequency unit 100 via a backplane 300. In practical applications, the accelerator 700 may contain multiple superconducting cavities, each corresponding to one radio frequency unit 100. To save hardware resources and achieve centralized control, a single tuning unit 200 can simultaneously interface with multiple radio frequency units 100. The tuning unit 200 receives and processes radio frequency field state data from multiple radio frequency units 100 to adjust the resonant frequency of the corresponding accelerator 700 cavity, thereby enabling parallel processing of tuning requests from multiple radio frequency units 100 and achieving synchronous tuning of multiple cavities.
[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the high-speed serial transmission channel includes a first communication channel and a second communication channel. The first communication channel is connected between the radio frequency unit 100 and the tuning unit 200 and is used to transmit radio frequency field status data or control commands. The first communication channel is a point-to-point direct link. The point-to-point direct link does not pass through any intermediate switching nodes, has the shortest transmission path, and the lowest delay, making it suitable for the closed-loop control data transmission with real-time requirements in this embodiment.
[0045] The second communication channel is deployed on the backplane 300 and is used to connect data exchange between units. The second communication channel preferably adopts a star topology link, such as a PCIe link or a gigabit Ethernet link, to carry large-capacity non-real-time data, such as the uploading of waveform data, the distribution of system configuration parameters, and the exchange of status monitoring information.
[0046] Furthermore, in order to realize the data interaction function of the second communication channel, this embodiment also includes a first data exchange unit 400 and a first processing unit 500. The first data exchange unit 400 is plugged into the back panel 300, specifically into the exchange slot of the back panel 300. The first data exchange unit 400 is electrically connected to the first processing unit 500, the radio frequency unit 100 and the tuning unit 200 respectively.
[0047] The first data exchange unit 400 preferably adopts a data exchange card. The first data exchange unit 400 is used to exchange and distribute data accessed through the second communication channel. The first data exchange unit 400 acts as a network switch, responsible for forwarding data packets from each unit to the corresponding target unit according to the destination address, or summarizing and forwarding them to the first processing unit 500, thereby enabling flexible data communication between each unit and between the unit and the first processor. The first processing unit 500 preferably adopts a CPU board, which is directly plugged into the backplane 300 and establishes data links with each target unit through the second communication channel and the first data exchange unit 400.
[0048] In this embodiment, the first rear card 102 includes a forward detection port, a reverse detection port, and a cavity pressure detection port; the first rear card 102 is used to transmit the received reference signal and local oscillator signal to the first front card 101; the first front card 101 performs demodulation analysis on the radio frequency field state data based on the reference signal and local oscillator signal.
[0049] The forward detection port is used to connect to the forward power output of the directional coupler to acquire the forward signal (Pf) of the accelerator 700 cavity and monitor the incident wave fed into the accelerator 700 cavity by the power source; the reverse detection port is used to connect to the reverse power output of the directional coupler to acquire the inverted signal (Pr) of the accelerator 700 cavity and monitor the reflected wave reflected back from the cavity; the cavity pressure detection port is used to connect to the probe on the cavity to acquire the cavity pressure signal (Pt) of the accelerator 700 cavity and monitor the electromagnetic field voltage established inside the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0050] In microwave measurement and control, the first rear card 102 is equipped with a dedicated clock interface, which receives the reference signal (REF) and local oscillator signal (LO) provided by an external high-stability clock source, and transmits them to the first front card 101 through a low-jitter clock distribution circuit.
[0051] The first front card 101 demodulates and analyzes the radio frequency field state data based on the reference signal (REF) and the local oscillator signal (LO). By using the local oscillator signal for mixing and downconversion, and using the reference signal as the sampling clock reference, the digital demodulation module inside the first front card 101 can accurately calculate the IQ components of the radio frequency signal, thereby obtaining amplitude and phase information.
[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the output interface of the tuning unit 200 includes a motor drive terminal and a voltage drive terminal. The motor drive terminal is used to connect to the motor of the accelerator 700 cavity. The motor of the accelerator 700 cavity includes a coupler-adjustable motor and a frequency-tuning motor. The voltage drive terminal is used to connect to the piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT) of the accelerator 700 cavity. Specifically, the motor drive terminal is connected to the second front card 201. The second front card 201 sends a PWM wave or DAC value to the motor driver through the motor drive terminal, and then the motor driver drives the motor to achieve the corresponding rotation, so as to adjust the coupling degree of the accelerator 700 cavity. The voltage drive terminal is connected to the second rear card 202. The second rear card 202 sends a drive signal to the piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT) through the voltage drive terminal, and then the piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT) drives the piezoelectric ceramic to vibrate, so as to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator 700 cavity.
[0053] The tuning unit 200 is connected to the motor driver via the motor drive terminal, and the motor driver is used to adjust the coupling degree of the accelerator 700 cavity, and the resonant frequency is adjusted via the voltage drive terminal. Specifically, the motor is mainly used for large-range slow-speed adjustments, such as adjusting the insertion depth of the coupler to match the Q value during the preheating stage; while the piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT) has a fast response speed and is used for small-range rapid fine-tuning to counteract transient disturbances during operation. The use of coarse and fine adjustment drive methods ensures that the accelerator 700 cavity always operates at the optimal resonant point.
[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also includes a redundant unit 600, which includes a second data exchange unit and a second processing unit. The second data exchange unit and the second processing unit are electrically connected. The microwave measurement and control device operates through the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500, and switches to the second data exchange unit and the second processing unit when the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500 fail.
[0055] The second data exchange unit and the second processing unit serve as backup units for the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500. The microwave measurement and control device has fault switching logic. When the first data exchange unit 400 or the first processing unit 500 fails, the microwave measurement and control device switches to the second data exchange unit or the second processing unit for operation. Once the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500 stop sending data packets, the redundant unit 600 will immediately take over the control of the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500 to ensure uninterrupted system operation.
[0056] As a further guarantee of reliability, the redundant unit 600 in this embodiment also includes a power module. The power module is electrically connected to the backplane 300 and is used to provide power to the microwave measurement and control device in the event of a power failure. Preferably, independent main power modules are designed at the first data exchange unit 400 and the first processing unit 500, while each redundant unit 600 is designed with an independent backup power module. When one power module fails, the other module can seamlessly take over the entire load and ensure continuous power supply to the device.
[0057] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, the microwave measurement and control device proposed in this application effectively solves the transmission bottleneck and control discreteness problem of the traditional CPCI architecture by adopting an integrated design of high-speed serial backplane 300, radio frequency unit 100 and tuning unit 200. Combined with redundant design and intelligent protection algorithm, it realizes high-precision, high-response speed and high-reliability control of accelerator 700.
[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A microwave measurement and control device, characterized in that, include: Back panel; High-speed serial transmission channel; The radio frequency unit is electrically connected to the backplane and is used to collect radio frequency field state data of the accelerator cavity. A tuning unit, electrically connected to the backplane, is used to output a drive signal to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity; The radio frequency unit and the tuning unit are electrically connected through the high-speed serial transmission channel, and the tuning unit is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity according to the radio frequency field state data.
2. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency unit includes a first front card and a first rear card, which are electrically connected via a regional interface. The first rear card is used to perform analog signal conditioning on the collected radio frequency field state data; The first front card is used to generate a control command requesting tuning based on the conditioned radio frequency field state data.
3. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tuning unit includes a second front card and a second rear card, which are electrically connected via a region interface. The second front card is used to generate a tuning signal according to the control command; The second rear card is used to output the drive signal according to the tuning signal of the second front card, so as to control the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity.
4. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tuning unit is electrically connected to at least one of the radio frequency units via the backplane. The tuning unit receives and processes the radio frequency field state data from the radio frequency units to adjust the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity.
5. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed serial transmission channel includes: A first communication channel is connected between the radio frequency unit and the tuning unit for transmitting the radio frequency field state data; The second communication channel, which is deployed on the backplane, is used for data exchange between the units.
6. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first data exchange unit and a first processing unit. The first data exchange unit is plugged into the backplane and is electrically connected to the first processing unit, the radio frequency unit and the tuning unit respectively. The first data exchange unit is used to exchange and distribute data accessed through the second communication channel.
7. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first rear card includes a forward detection port, a reverse detection port, and a cavity pressure detection port; The first rear card is used to transmit the received reference signal and local oscillator signal to the first front card; The first front card demodulates and analyzes the radio frequency field state data based on the reference signal and the local oscillator signal.
8. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The output interface of the tuning unit includes: Motor drive terminal, used to connect the motor in the accelerator cavity; A voltage drive terminal is used to connect the piezoelectric ceramic actuator of the accelerator cavity; The tuning unit adjusts the coupling degree of the accelerator cavity through the motor drive terminal and adjusts the resonant frequency of the accelerator cavity through the voltage drive terminal.
9. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a redundancy unit, which includes a second data exchange unit and a second processing unit; The second data exchange unit and the second processing unit are electrically connected; The microwave measurement and control device operates through the first data exchange unit and the first processing unit, and switches to the second data exchange unit and the second processing unit when the first data exchange unit and the first processing unit fail.
10. The microwave measurement and control device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The redundant unit also includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the backplane and is used to provide power to the microwave measurement and control device in the event of a power failure.