Device for generating chaos in a multi-trap rydberg atom ensemble based on radio frequency control

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of quantum control technology, specifically disclosing a device for generating chaos in a multi-cluster Rydberg atomic ensemble based on radio frequency (RF) control. Using a multi-cluster Rydberg atomic ensemble as the working medium, the device achieves controllable excitation and observation of chaotic phases by controlling the interactions between atoms through an RF field. First, a spatially controllable multi-cluster Rydberg atomic ensemble is prepared using two-photon excitation. Second, a control signal with a specific frequency and voltage is applied through the RF field to induce interactions between the atomic ensembles into a nonlinear region. Finally, the acquired signals are analyzed to observe the emergent characteristics of the chaotic phase. This invention overcomes the limitation that a single-cluster atomic ensemble cannot generate chaos, enabling the observation of dynamic transitions from a time-crystalline phase to a chaotic phase in a three-cluster Rydberg atomic system, providing a new platform for quantum encrypted communication and the study of complex dynamics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum control technology, specifically to a device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency. Background Technology

[0002] Existing chaos generation technologies have the following limitations: First, single-cluster atomic systems lack sufficient interaction channels, making it difficult to generate complex nonlinear dynamic behaviors; second, traditional control methods are often limited to static parameter adjustment and lack dynamic control capabilities; third, existing systems are insufficient in terms of the observability and controllability of chaotic signals, making it difficult to meet the high requirements for signal fidelity and stability in communication applications. To address this, a device for generating chaos based on radio frequency control of multi-cluster Rydberg atomic ensembles has been developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles. By using radio frequency field to control the interaction of multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles, the controllable generation and accurate characterization of chaotic phases are realized. Furthermore, it is specifically optimized for the application of chaotic signals in the field of communication, providing a new solution for solving key technical problems in quantum chaos research and practical applications.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A device for generating chaos based on a radio frequency-controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble includes a rubidium bulb, electrode plates, a static magnetic field device, a laser system, optical components, and a detection system. The rubidium bulb contains alkali metal atoms, and the electrode plate and the static magnetic field device are both disposed on the outside of the rubidium bulb; The electrode plate is connected to a radio frequency signal source, which is used to apply a radio frequency field to the rubidium bulb. The optical components guide, split, and adjust the polarization state of multiple beams output by the laser system, ultimately forming multiple independent and spatially separated optical paths, and enabling multiple laser beams to be precisely aligned and coincidentally incident into the rubidium bulb, so as to prepare and manipulate multiple spatially separated Rydberg atomic ensembles. The static magnetic field device is used to generate a uniform static magnetic field within the rubidium bulb. The detection system is used to receive the detection laser emitted after passing through the rubidium bulb, and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal characterizing the dynamic behavior of the atomic ensemble, and use the electrical signal to determine whether it has entered the chaotic phase.

[0005] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles is provided, wherein the laser system includes at least a first laser for exciting Rydberg states and a second laser for detecting corresponding ground state transitions.

[0006] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a device for generating chaos based on a radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble is provided, wherein the static magnetic field device is a pair of Helmholtz coils located around the rubidium bulb.

[0007] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles is provided, wherein the laser wavelength output by the first laser is 480 nm. The laser wavelength output by the second laser is 780nm.

[0008] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atomic ensembles includes optical components comprising multiple half-wave plates, multiple polarization beam splitters, multiple quarter-wave plates, multiple mirrors, and multiple dichroic mirrors.

[0009] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency modulation of a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble is provided, wherein the frequency adjustment range of the radio frequency signal source is 0-160MHz; The output voltage adjustment range of the radio frequency signal source is 0-500mVpp.

[0010] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a device for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles is provided, wherein the detection system includes multiple photodetectors.

[0011] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles is provided, wherein the radius of the Helmholtz coil is 120 mm and the number of turns of the Helmholtz coil is 120.

[0012] Each of the Helmholtz coils is connected to a DC power supply and powered individually.

[0013] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the frequency of the radio frequency field in the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency-controlled multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensembles is fixed at 10 MHz.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention overcomes the limitation that single-cluster atomic ensembles cannot generate chaos, achieving for the first time the controllable generation and precise observation of chaotic phases in a three-cluster Rydberg atomic system. By constructing a three-cluster atomic ensemble, this invention significantly enhances the complexity of system interactions, providing a richer multi-body coupling basis for chaos generation.

[0015] Precise control of chaos generation is achieved through radio frequency field manipulation, exhibiting high flexibility and adjustability. The transition from a chaotic phase to a crystalline phase can be achieved simply by adjusting the radio frequency voltage, with the oscillation frequency of the crystalline phase increasing as the voltage increases. This dynamic control capability greatly facilitates signal generation in various application scenarios.

[0016] It demonstrates significant application value in the field of communications. The generated chaotic signals can be used to achieve efficient multi-channel parallel transmission and secure communication. Through signal decomposition and carrier modulation techniques, it can significantly improve spectrum utilization and transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the two-photon transition energy level structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectral lines of the Rydberg atomic ensemble prepared using the apparatus of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 The EIT spectral lines obtained by constructing an equivalent two-level system using the device of the present invention through polarization modulation.

[0022] Figure 5 The Fourier spectrum of the dynamic signal of the device of the present invention under radio frequency field control is shown. The evolution of its spectral lines from a broadened continuous spectrum to a discrete sharpened peak characterizes the phase transition feature from the chaotic phase to the crystalline phase.

[0023] In the picture: 10. Rubidium bubble; 20. Static magnetic field device; 31. First laser; 32. Second laser; 41. First half-wave plate; 42. First polarizing beam splitter; 43. First quarter-wave plate; 44. Second quarter-wave plate; 45. First reflecting mirror; 46. First dichroic mirror; 47. Second reflecting mirror; 51. Second half-wave plate; 52. Second polarizing beam splitter; 53. Third quarter-wave plate; 54. Fourth quarter-wave plate; 55. Third reflecting mirror; 61. Fourth reflecting mirror; 62. Third half-wave plate; 63. Third polarizing beam splitter; 64. Fifth quarter-wave plate; 65. Sixth quarter-wave plate; 66. Fifth reflecting mirror; 71. Fourth half-wave plate; 72. Fourth polarizing beam splitter; 73. Fifth half-wave plate; 74. Fifth polarizing beam splitter; 75. Sixth reflecting mirror; 76. Seventh quarter-wave plate; 77. Eighth quarter-wave plate; 78. Seventh reflecting mirror; 79. Second dichroic mirror; 81. Sixth half-wave plate; 82. Sixth polarizing beam splitter; 83. Ninth quarter-wave plate; 84. Eleventh quarter-wave plate; 85. Eighth reflecting mirror; 91. Ninth reflecting mirror; 92. Seventh half-wave plate; 93. Seventh polarizing beam splitter; 94. Eleventh quarter-wave plate; 95. Twelfth quarter-wave plate; 96. Tenth reflecting mirror; 101. First photodetector; 102. Second photodetector; 103. Third photodetector. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments.

[0025] The core concept of this invention is: using rubidium 87 Using Rb atoms as quantum mediators, a quantum system comprising multiple Rydberg atom ensembles is constructed. The interactions between atoms are modulated by precisely controlled radio frequency fields, generating chaotic behavior based on the system's nonlinear dynamics. The resulting chaotic signals are then directly applied to a communication system. This system employs three Rydberg atom ensembles as its basic working unit. The strength of the interactions between atoms is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the radio frequency field (frequency, voltage, etc.), thereby achieving precise control over the system's dynamic behavior. Specifically, based on… Figure 1 The two-photon transition method shown is implemented Two dipole transition processes are used to achieve the transition of rubidium atoms from the ground state to the Rydberg state.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency, including a rubidium bulb 10, an electrode plate (not shown), a static magnetic field device 20, a laser system, optical components, and a detection system; In this embodiment, the rubidium bulb 10 contains alkali metal atoms (not shown), and both the electrode plate and the static magnetic field device 20 are disposed outside the rubidium bulb 10. The electrode plate is connected to a radio frequency signal source (not shown), which is used to apply a radio frequency field to the rubidium bulb 10. The static magnetic field device 20 is used to generate a uniform static magnetic field within the rubidium bulb 10.

[0027] The rubidium bulb is the core component of the experiment, containing rubidium with a purity of 98%. 87 The rubidium bulb 10 contains Rb atoms, and the vacuum level inside the bulb is maintained on the order of 10⁻⁵ Pa. The radio frequency signal source is a DG4162, capable of outputting sinusoidal signals with frequencies from 0-160 MHz and voltages from 0-500 mVpp. The static magnetic field device 20 consists of a pair of Helmholtz coils along the X-direction, each with a radius of 120 mm and 120 turns. Both Helmholtz coils are located on the outer periphery of the rubidium bulb 10 and are controlled by independent DC power supplies to generate a uniform static magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is precisely controlled by adjusting the current; the magnetic field strength is set to 4.34 G, and the rubidium bulb is placed within the uniformly distributed magnetic field.

[0028] The frequency of the radio frequency field is fixed at 10MHz, and the voltage is adjustable within the range of 0-500mVpp. The output impedance of the signal source DG4162 is matched with the electrode plate to ensure that the radio frequency field is uniformly applied to the atomic ensemble inside the rubidium bulb.

[0029] In this embodiment, the laser system includes a first laser 31 and a second laser 32. The first laser 31 outputs a laser wavelength of 480 nm; the second laser 32 outputs a laser wavelength of 780 nm. The 480 nm laser corresponds to the rubidium atom 5P. 3 / 2 →63D 5 / 2 Leapfrog, 780nm laser corresponds to 5S 1 / 2 →5P 3 / 2 Leap forward.

[0030] In this embodiment, the optical components guide, split, and adjust the polarization state of multiple beams output by the laser system, ultimately forming multiple independent and spatially separated optical paths, and ensuring that multiple laser beams are precisely aligned and coincidentally incident into the rubidium bulb 10, so as to prepare and manipulate multiple spatially separated Rydberg atomic ensembles.

[0031] In this embodiment, the detection system is used to receive the detection laser emitted after passing through the rubidium bulb 10, and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal that characterizes the dynamic behavior of the atomic ensemble, and use the electrical signal to determine whether it has entered the chaotic phase.

[0032] Specifically, the detection system includes a first photodetector 101, a second photodetector 102, and a third photodetector 103, which respectively receive the 780nm detection light after passing through the rubidium bulb and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal for subsequent analysis.

[0033] Optical element configuration according to Figure 2 The optical path diagram shown is used for arrangement. The optical system forms six independent optical paths, as detailed below: First optical path: The laser beam is output from the first laser 31, and after passing through the first half-wave plate 41 and the first polarizing beam splitter 42, it is split into two beams. The first beam passes through the first quarter-wave plate 43, the second quarter-wave plate 44, the first reflector 45, the second reflector 47, and the first dichroic mirror 46, and finally enters the rubidium bulb 10.

[0034] Second optical path: The second beam split from the first polarizing beam splitter 42 passes through the second half-wave plate 51, the second polarizing beam splitter 52, the third quarter-wave plate 53, the fourth quarter-wave plate 54, the third mirror 55 and the first dichroic mirror 46, and enters the rubidium bulb 10.

[0035] The third optical path: The third beam split from the second polarizing beam splitter 52 passes through the fourth reflecting mirror 61, the third half-wave plate 62, the third polarizing beam splitter 63, the fifth quarter-wave plate 64, the sixth quarter-wave plate 65, the fifth reflecting mirror 66 and the first dichroic mirror 46, and is injected into the rubidium bulb 10.

[0036] Fourth optical path: The 780nm laser generated by the second laser 32 is split into two beams after passing through the fourth half-wave plate 71 and the fourth polarization beam splitter 72; the first beam passes through the fifth half-wave plate 73 and the fifth polarization beam splitter 74, the sixth reflector 75, the seventh quarter-wave plate 76, the eighth quarter-wave plate 77, the seventh reflector 78, and the second dichroic mirror 79, and is then injected into the rubidium bulb 10.

[0037] Fifth optical path: The second beam split from the fourth polarizing beam splitter 72 passes through the sixth half-wave plate 81, the sixth polarizing beam splitter 82, the ninth quarter-wave plate 83, the eleventh quarter-wave plate 84, the eighth reflecting mirror 85, and the second dichroic mirror 79, and enters the rubidium bulb 10.

[0038] The sixth optical path: The third beam split from the sixth polarizing beam splitter 82 passes through the ninth reflecting mirror 91, the seventh half-wave plate 92, the seventh polarizing beam splitter 93, the eleventh quarter-wave plate 94, the twelfth quarter-wave plate 95, the tenth reflecting mirror 96, and the second dichroic mirror 79, and enters the rubidium bulb 10.

[0039] All optical paths are precisely aligned and overlapped to ensure the spatial separation and independent control of the three atomic ensembles. The 780nm laser is used as the probe light, which passes through the rubidium bulb and is then fed into the first, second, and third photodetectors for detection.

[0040] According to the Biot-Savart law, to generate a uniform magnetic field between two coils, the distance between the two coils needs to be equal to the radius of the coils, and the applied magnetic field in the X direction varies linearly with the magnitude of the current. When rubidium atoms are placed in the magnetic field, the original EIT spectral lines will split, and the magnetic field will gradually increase. When the two EIT peaks are completely separated, adjusting a quarter glass slide converts the linearly polarized 780nm light into right-handed circularly polarized light and the linearly polarized 480nm laser light into left-handed circularly polarized light. Both transitions of the atom become σ+ transitions, and the originally split EIT spectral lines are transformed into a single EIT spectral line. This proves that all Rydberg atoms are excited to the mj=5 / 2 energy level.

[0041] Experimental Phenomenon Observation: In the operational embodiment, the device for generating chaos based on radio frequency control of multiple Rydberg atomic ensembles prepares three Rydberg atomic ensembles by turning on the first laser 31 and the second laser 32 LASER2.

[0042] Then, turn on the radio frequency field and the signal source, fix the radio frequency at 10MHz, and gradually increase the voltage from 0, while monitoring the output signal of the photodetector in real time.

[0043] When the voltage reaches 200mVpp, the system enters a chaotic phase, at which point the photodetector output signal exhibits non-periodic oscillation characteristics. After data acquisition and processing, Fourier spectrum analysis reveals that the chaotic phase manifests as a broad-spectrum continuous distribution, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0044] Experimental data show that when the radio frequency voltage is 200mVpp, the system exhibits a distinct chaotic phase, and when the voltage is increased to 300mVpp, it transforms into a crystalline phase. The controllability of this dynamic phase transition process provides an ideal platform for in-depth research on quantum chaos.

[0045] Experimental results show that the transition from a chaotic phase to a crystalline phase can be achieved simply by adjusting the radio frequency voltage, and the oscillation frequency of the crystalline phase increases with increasing voltage. This dynamic control capability greatly facilitates signal generation in different application scenarios and provides a new solution for chaotic signal transmission.

[0046] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, the scope of protection of this invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be conceived without inventive effort should be covered within the scope of protection of this invention. Unless expressly stated otherwise, no element, action or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary.

Claims

1. A device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency, characterized in that, include: Rubidium bulb, electrode plates, static magnetic field device, laser system, optical components and detection system; The rubidium bulb contains alkali metal atoms, and the electrode plate and the static magnetic field device are both disposed on the outside of the rubidium bulb; The electrode plate is connected to a radio frequency signal source, which is used to apply a radio frequency field to the rubidium bulb. The optical components guide, split, and adjust the polarization state of multiple beams output by the laser system, ultimately forming multiple independent and spatially separated optical paths, and enabling multiple laser beams to be precisely aligned and coincidentally incident into the rubidium bulb, so as to prepare and manipulate multiple spatially separated Rydberg atomic ensembles. The static magnetic field device is used to generate a uniform static magnetic field within the rubidium bulb. The detection system is used to receive the detection laser emitted after passing through the rubidium bulb, and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal characterizing the dynamic behavior of the atomic ensemble, and use the electrical signal to determine whether it has entered the chaotic phase.

2. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser system includes at least a first laser for exciting Rydberg states and a second laser for detecting the corresponding ground state transitions.

3. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The static magnetic field device is a pair of Helmholtz coils, which are located around the rubidium bulb.

4. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first laser outputs a laser wavelength of 480nm; The laser wavelength output by the second laser is 780nm.

5. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The optical components include multiple half-wave plates, multiple polarizing beam splitters, multiple quarter-wave plates, multiple mirrors, and multiple dichroic mirrors.

6. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The frequency adjustment range of the radio frequency signal source is 0-160MHz; The output voltage adjustment range of the radio frequency signal source is 0-500mVpp.

7. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection system includes multiple photodetectors.

8. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The radius of the Helmholtz coil is 120 mm, and the number of turns of the Helmholtz coil is 120. Each of the Helmholtz coils is connected to a DC power supply and powered individually.

9. The device for generating chaos based on a multi-cluster Rydberg atom ensemble controlled by radio frequency as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the radio frequency field is fixed at 10MHz.

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