An assistive device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical techniques for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck, and discloses an auxiliary device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck and a method for using the same, including: two handles arranged in parallel, with arc-shaped jaws fixedly installed at the ends of the front ends; a pressing rod adjustably installed on the handle ends; an arc-shaped bottom plate fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the arc-shaped jaws, and the other arc-shaped jaw is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped bottom plate. This auxiliary device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck, through the cooperation of two groups of arc-shaped jaws and the pressing rod, can quickly and stably clamp both sides of the femoral truncation during the operation, which is not only beneficial for adjusting the angle of the truncated femur, but also can hold the truncated femur, so that after the truncated femur is rotated to the target angle, the bone plate can perfectly fit the bone surface, which is beneficial for the compression and healing of the bone fracture ends, thereby improving the postoperative recovery effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surgery for correcting abnormal femoral neck anteversion angle, and in particular to an auxiliary device for correcting abnormal femoral neck anteversion angle and a method for using the auxiliary device. Background Art

[0002] The normal adult femoral neck anteversion angle is about 12-15°, but some patients with hip dysplasia not only have deformities on the acetabulum side, but also have abnormal femoral neck anteversion angles (often larger anteversion angles). Abnormally larger patients may have abnormal gait, such as pigeon-toed, etc.; they may also experience hip pain or even accelerate hip degeneration due to poor matching of the acetabulum to the femoral head, with stress concentrated in the front.

[0003] For patients with abnormally increased anteversion (generally greater than 50°), in addition to periacetabular osteotomy to improve acetabular coverage of the lateral femoral head, proximal femoral osteotomy should be performed to correct the femoral neck anteversion to improve the matching of the acetabulum and femoral head during hip preservation surgery. Conventional subtrochanteric osteotomy is performed by cutting the femur below the lesser trochanter and rotating the bone fragment to the target angle, which is then fixed with a locking compression plate.

[0004] In actual surgery, a Kirschner wire will be drilled into the far and near ends of the predetermined plate placement position according to the preoperative planned angle. After osteotomy, the Kirschner wire will be used as a positioning rod to rotate to the target angle. For example, if the preoperative anteversion angle is 65° and it is planned to be adjusted to 30° (i.e., correcting the abnormal anteversion of 35°), then the distal Kirschner wire will be drilled along the center of the femoral longitudinal axis when the patient is in the lateral position, and the proximal Kirschner wire will be drilled at an angle of 35° to it. After osteotomy, the femur will be bent until the angle between the two Kirschner wires is 0°, and then the plate and screws will be implanted to complete the internal fixation.

[0005] However, in actual application, we found that the above surgical methods have certain shortcomings, such as:

[0006] 1. The angle control of the two Kirschner wires is complicated. Generally, the assistant aims from the far end to prompt the surgeon to drill the second Kirschner wire in the predetermined angle direction by using a protractor to approach the first Kirschner wire. Due to the shaking of the Kirschner wire, the angle between the two Kirschner wires after drilling often deviates from the predetermined angle. Even if there is no deviation, the aiming process is too complicated and inconvenient.

[0007] 2. Before osteotomy, two metal baffles need to be inserted under the femur as protection to prevent the electric saw from accidentally injuring the surrounding tissues. This process depends entirely on the surgeon's feel and experience. If the osteotomy surface is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the femur, it will be difficult to align the osteotomy surface after rotation, resulting in excessive defects at the fracture ends or angular deformity after aligning. If there is no control, when the osteotomy reaches the second layer of cortex and is about to break, the two ends of the osteotomy will align and bite the saw blade due to gravity and muscle tension. At this time, the distal limb may be pried to release the bite, but prying it when it is not completely sawed off will easily cause cortical splitting, resulting in an uneven osteotomy surface and inability to align.

[0008] 3. After osteotomy, there is no effective grip at both ends. Even if the osteotomy surface is vertical and flat, the broken ends are easily dislocated during internal fixation after derotation. Repeated adjustments are required to make the bone plate fit perfectly with the bone surface and the osteotomy surface as close to the pressure as possible to facilitate the healing of the osteotomy ends. Summary of the invention

[0009] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an auxiliary device for correcting abnormal femoral neck anteversion and a method of using the device, which has the advantages of being able to conveniently adjust the angle of the severed femur, effectively protect the surrounding tissues below the femur, and stably hold the two sections of the osteotomy.

[0011] (II) Technical solution

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of conveniently adjusting the angle of the truncated femur, effectively protecting the surrounding tissues below the femur, and stably holding the two sections of the osteotomy, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck, comprising:

[0013] Two handles are arranged in parallel, and arc-shaped pliers are fixedly installed at the ends of the front ends;

[0014] A clamping rod, adjustably mounted on the end of the handle;

[0015] An arc-shaped bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one of the arc-shaped pliers mouths, and the other arc-shaped pliers mouth is rotatably mounted on the arc-shaped bottom plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an extension rod is detachably mounted on the top end of the clamping rod.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a T-shaped slide plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the extension rod, and the T-shaped slide plate is slidably installed in a T-shaped slide groove, and the T-shaped slide groove is opened at the top end of the clamping rod.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a slide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping rod, and the slide plate is slidably installed in a slide groove provided on the end of the handle.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an inner cavity is formed inside the handle, a moving block is slidably installed in the inner cavity, a moving plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the moving block, and the sliding plate is fixedly installed on the moving plate.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a nut, which is fixedly installed in the inner cavity. A lead screw is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the nut. One end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the moving block, and the other end extends to the outside of the handle and is fixedly connected to a knob.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the handle includes a fixed handle and a movable handle arranged in parallel. The arc-shaped bottom plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped jaw at the end of the fixed handle, and the arc-shaped jaw at the end of the movable handle is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped bottom plate.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a fixed block is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable handle, a sliding rod is fixedly installed on the fixed block, the sliding rod is slidably arranged in a guide groove on the arc-shaped guide rail, and the arc-shaped guide rail is fixedly installed on the fixed handle;

[0023] The virtual center of the guide groove coincides with the virtual center of the arc-shaped jaw.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sliding rod is a threaded rod, a baffle is fixedly installed on the threaded rod, and a locking nut is threadedly connected. The baffle and the locking nut are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped guide rail for clamping the arc-shaped guide rail.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck can quickly and stably clamp both sides of the femoral truncation during the operation through the cooperation of two groups of arc-shaped jaws and the pressing rod, which is not only beneficial to adjusting the angle of the truncated femur, but also can hold the truncated femur. After the truncated femur is rotated to the target angle, the bone plate can be perfectly attached to the bone surface, which is beneficial to the compression and healing of the bone fracture ends, and thus improves the postoperative recovery effect.

[0028] 2. The auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck, through the design of the arc-shaped bottom plate, can not only effectively protect the tissues under the femur during the cutting process, reduce the risk of damage to the surrounding tissues by the electric saw, improve the safety of the operation, but also provide a rotational support for the movable handle to facilitate angle adjustment.

[0029] 3. The auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck ensures the stability of the rotation of the movable handle and provides an accurate angle reference for the rotation of the femur through the sliding of the sliding rod in the guide groove. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the application state of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram when the movable handle of the present invention is adjusted;

[0033] Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the arc-shaped jaw part of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the movable handle part of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Femur; 2. Fixed handle; 3. Movable handle; 4. Arc-shaped jaw; 5. Pressing rod; 6. Extension rod; 7. Slide plate; 8. Slide groove; 9. Arc-shaped bottom plate; 10. Handle groove; 11. Fixed block; 12. Slide rod; 13. Arc-shaped guide rail; 14. Guide groove; 15. Baffle; 16. Locking nut; 17. Moving plate; 18. Moving block; 19. Nut; 20. Lead screw; 21. Knob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , an auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck, including two parallel handles. As Figure 2 shown, arc-shaped jaws 4 are fixedly installed at the ends of the front ends of the two handles. In addition, an arc-shaped pressing rod 5 is movably arranged on the handle ends. During use, the two arc-shaped jaws 4 are inserted and clamped under the femur 1, and the pre-selected truncation position is between the two arc-shaped jaws 4. Then, control the movement of the two pressing rods 5. The movement of the pressing rod 5 cooperates with the arc-shaped jaws 4 to clamp the femur 1, and fix the handle on the femur 1 (as Figure 1 shown).

[0039] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped base plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one arc-shaped jaw 4, and the other arc-shaped jaw 4 is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped base plate 9. Through the arc-shaped base plate 9, it can effectively protect the tissues below the femur 1 during the cutting process, reduce the risk of damage to the surrounding tissues by the electric saw, improve the surgical safety, and at the same time can also provide rotational support for the handle to facilitate angle adjustment;

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, the handle includes a fixed handle 2 and a movable handle 3 arranged in parallel. The arc-shaped base plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped jaw 4 at the end of the fixed handle 2, and the arc-shaped jaw 4 at the end of the movable handle 3 is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped base plate 9. In this way, after osteotomy, the movable handle 3 can be rotated to adjust the angle of the transected femur 1, as Figure 4 shown. A handle groove 10 is also provided on the arc-shaped base plate 9 for the movement of the handle.

[0041] The specific rotational installation method of the arc-shaped jaw 4 at the end of the movable handle 3 on the arc-shaped base plate 9 can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. For example, an arc-shaped guide groove with a T-shaped cross-section can be opened on the outer wall of the arc-shaped jaw 4, and an arc-shaped guide bar with a T-shaped cross-section corresponding to the guide groove can be fixedly installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped base plate 9.

[0042] Through the cooperation of the two groups of arc-shaped jaws 4 and the pressing rod 5, the two sides of the transected part of the femur 1 can be quickly and stably clamped during the operation, which is not only beneficial to adjusting the angle of the transected femur 1, but also can hold the transected femur 1, so that after the transected femur 1 is rotated to the target angle, the bone plate can be perfectly attached to the bone surface, which is beneficial to the compression and healing of the bone fracture ends, and thus improves the postoperative recovery effect.

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, an arc-shaped extension rod 6 is also provided at the top of the pressing rod 5, which can further ensure the fixing effect on the femur 1;

[0044] After the angle of the transected femur 1 is adjusted, a bone plate and screws are implanted at the transected part to complete the internal fixation. In order to avoid the extension rod 6 blocking the fixation of the bone plate, in this embodiment, the extension rod 6 is detachably installed at the top of the pressing rod 5. Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 , a T-shaped sliding plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the extension rod 6, and the T-shaped sliding plate is slidably installed in the T-shaped sliding groove. The T-shaped sliding groove is opened at the top of the pressing rod 5. Sliding the T-shaped sliding plate into the T-shaped sliding groove can install the extension rod 6 at the top of the pressing rod 5. When the bone plate needs to be implanted, the extension rod 6 can be removed.

[0045] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the fixing effect of the arc-shaped jaw 4 on the femur 1, friction teeth are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped jaw 4 to increase the friction force.

[0046] In the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, a fixed block 11 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable handle 3. A sliding rod 12 is fixedly installed on the fixed block 11. The sliding rod 12 is slidably arranged in a guide groove 14 on an arc-shaped guide rail 13. The virtual center of the guide groove 14 coincides with the virtual center of the arc-shaped jaw 4. The arc-shaped guide rail 13 is fixedly installed on the fixed handle 2, and its outer wall is provided with an angle mark;

[0047] By the sliding of the sliding rod 12 in the guide groove 14, not only the stability of the rotation of the movable handle 3 is ensured, but also an accurate angle reference can be provided for the rotation of the femur 1 by using the angle mark, ensuring that the truncated femur 1 can be corrected to a predetermined anteversion angle and avoiding errors.

[0048] Furthermore, the sliding rod 12 is a threaded rod, and a baffle 15 is fixedly installed on the threaded rod. A locking nut 16 is threadedly connected. The baffle 15 and the locking nut 16 are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped guide rail 13. By turning the locking nut 16, the arc-shaped guide rail 13 can be clamped through the locking nut 16 and the baffle 15, and the position of the movable handle 3 can be fixed, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the position of the femur 1 after rotation adjustment.

[0049] In this embodiment, an adjusting mechanism for the pressing rod 5 is also specifically provided, as Figure 5 shown. A sliding plate 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing rod 5. The sliding plate 7 is slidably installed in a chute 8 opened on the handle end. An inner cavity is formed inside the handle. A moving block 18 is slidably installed in the inner cavity. A moving plate 17 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the moving block 18. The sliding plate 7 is fixedly installed on the moving plate 17;

[0050] Furthermore, a nut 19 is also provided, fixedly installed in the inner cavity. The inner wall of the nut 19 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 20. One end of the lead screw 20 is rotatably connected to the moving block 18, and the other end extends to the outside of the handle and is fixedly connected to a knob 21;

[0051] When the knob 21 is turned to rotate the lead screw 20, under the action of the nut 19, the lead screw 20 will move inwards or outwards, and then push / pull the moving block 18 to move. The movement of the moving block 18 passes through the moving plate 17 and the sliding plate 7, that is, the pressing rod 5 can be driven to move to adjust the position of the pressing rod 5.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , in this embodiment, a method for using an auxiliary device for correcting abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Insert and clamp the two arc-shaped jaws 4 at the front ends of the fixed handle 2 and the movable handle 3 under the femur 1, and the pre-selected truncation site is located between the two arc-shaped jaws 4;

[0055] Step 2: Control the movement of the two pressing rods 5 to cooperate with the two arc-shaped jaws 4 to clamp the femur 1, and protect the tissue under the femur 1 through the arc-shaped bottom plate 9;

[0056] Step 3: Cut the femur 1 from the pre-selected truncation site with a saw;

[0057] Step 4: Rotate the movable handle 3 to rotate the truncated femur 1 to a predetermined angle;

[0058] Step 5: Implant a bone plate and screws at the truncation site to complete internal fixation.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck, characterized in that, Comprising: Two handles arranged in parallel, with arc-shaped jaws (4) fixedly installed at the ends of the front ends; A pressing rod (5), adjustably installed on the handle ends; An arc-shaped bottom plate (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the arc-shaped jaws (4), and the other arc-shaped jaw (4) is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped bottom plate (9); The handle includes a fixed handle (2) and a movable handle (3) arranged in parallel. The arc-shaped bottom plate (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the arc-shaped jaw (4) at the end of the fixed handle (2), and the arc-shaped jaw (4) at the end of the movable handle (3) is rotatably installed on the arc-shaped bottom plate (9); A fixed block (11) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable handle (3), and a slide rod (12) is fixedly installed on the fixed block (11). The slide rod (12) is slidably arranged in a guide groove (14) on an arc-shaped guide rail (13), and the arc-shaped guide rail (13) is fixedly installed on the fixed handle (2); The virtual center of the guide groove (14) coincides with the virtual center of the arc-shaped jaw (4).

2. The assistive device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the pressing rod (5) is detachably installed with an extension rod (6).

3. An assistive device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the extension rod (6) is fixedly installed with a T-shaped sliding plate, and the T-shaped sliding plate is slidably installed in a T-shaped sliding groove, and the T-shaped sliding groove is opened at the top end of the pressing rod (5).

4. An auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pressing rod (5) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate (7), and the sliding plate (7) is slidably installed in a sliding groove (8) opened on the handle end; 5. An auxiliary device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inner cavity is formed inside the handle, and a moving block (18) is slidably installed in the inner cavity. A moving plate (17) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the moving block (18), and the sliding plate (7) is fixedly installed on the moving plate (17).

6. An assistive device for correcting abnormal anteversion of the femoral neck according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a nut (19), fixedly installed in the inner cavity. The inner wall of the nut (19) is threadedly connected with a lead screw (20). One end of the lead screw (20) is rotatably connected with the moving block (18), and the other end extends to the outside of the handle and is fixedly connected with a knob (21).

7. An auxiliary device for correcting the abnormal anteversion angle of the femoral neck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rod (12) is a threaded rod, and a baffle (15) is fixedly installed on the threaded rod. A locking nut (16) is threadedly connected, and the baffle (15) and the locking nut (16) are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped guide rail (13) for clamping the arc-shaped guide rail (13).

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