BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device and a method thereof, and belongs to the field of distillation towers. The BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device and a method thereof are provided. An overpressure cut-off valve is installed at the bottom of the offset opening of the lower plate, so that if the air pressure is too large, the rubber diaphragm can be pushed up, the suspension rod is prompted to be lifted up, and the inner cone-shaped sealing part is blocked by a plug, so that the high-temperature airflow at the location is prevented from continuing to pass through, and the high-pressure airflow at the location is diverted to the edge, so as to reduce the phenomenon that the airflow and the BDO waste liquid are in uneven contact due to local air pressure fluctuations. At the same time, in the process of the high-temperature airflow passing through the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover to spray the BDO waste liquid, the cylinder at the corresponding position can drive the corresponding upper plate to reciprocate through the telescopic rod and the connecting pile, so that the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover sprays the high-temperature airflow at different positions of the BDO waste liquid, thereby achieving the effect of improving the contact uniformity and improving the distillation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of distillation towers, and more particularly to a multi-stage distillation purification device for BDO waste liquid and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] BDO (1,4-butanediol) is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in polyester, polyurethane, pharmaceutical and other industries. However, with the continuous expansion of BDO production scale, the problem of waste liquid treatment has become increasingly prominent. In order to separate the various components in BDO waste liquid, the use of distillation tower to distill BDO waste liquid is an essential and important link in the treatment process.

[0003] Although the distillation tower currently in use has many advantages, it is found that there are still the following shortcomings in actual use:

[0004] 1. During the distillation process of the BDO waste liquid in the tower body of the distillation tower, a high-temperature airflow needs to be introduced, and then contacted with the BDO waste liquid to make it boil and evaporate the components with corresponding boiling points. However, the existing distillation tower has a relatively simple plate structure and lacks a corresponding structure for controlling the high-temperature airflow to pass through the plate at a uniform air pressure, which causes the airflow passing through the plate to sometimes experience pressure fluctuations, which is not conducive to uniform contact between the high-temperature airflow and the BDO waste liquid.

[0005] 2. The existing tower plate body connected to the tower cap seat is usually fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower body. The high-temperature airflow can only be sprayed at a fixed position through the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover, which is not conducive to the full contact between the high-temperature airflow and the BDO waste liquid on the upper plate, affecting the distillation efficiency;

[0006] Therefore, we proposed a BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-stage distillation purification device for BDO waste liquid and a method thereof. First, an overpressure cut-off valve is installed at the bottom of the offset opening of the lower plate, so that the high-temperature airflow can pass through the inside of the pressure cut-off valve and then enter the inside of the offset opening and the inside of the channel of the tower cap seat. In the process of passing through, if the air pressure is too large, the rubber diaphragm can be pushed up, prompting the suspension rod to be lifted up and the inner cone-shaped sealing part to be blocked by a plug, so as to prevent the high-temperature airflow at this place from continuing to pass through, and divert the high-pressure airflow at this place to the edge, so as to achieve the effect of high-temperature airflow passing through each overpressure cut-off valve with uniform pressure, and reduce the phenomenon of uneven contact between airflow and BDO waste liquid due to local air pressure fluctuations;

[0009] At the same time, when the high-temperature airflow is sprayed toward the BDO waste liquid through the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover, the cylinder at the corresponding position can drive the corresponding upper plate to rotate back and forth through the telescopic rod and the connecting pile, so that the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover can spray the high-temperature airflow at different positions of the BDO waste liquid, thereby achieving the effect of improving the contact uniformity and improving the distillation efficiency.

[0010] 2. Technical solution

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0012] A multi-stage distillation purification device for BDO waste liquid comprises a tower body, wherein the top and bottom of the tower body are respectively provided with a tower top steam outlet and a tower bottom liquid outlet, the top and bottom of one side of the tower body outer wall are respectively provided with a reflux liquid inlet and a raw liquid inlet, and the bottom of the other side of the tower body outer wall is provided with a tower bottom steam inlet, and the tower top steam outlet, the tower bottom liquid outlet, the reflux liquid inlet, the raw liquid inlet and the tower bottom steam inlet are all connected to the inside of the tower body;

[0013] The tower body between the reflux liquid inlet and the raw liquid inlet is provided with three first tray mechanisms, and the tower body between the raw liquid inlet and the tower kettle steam inlet is provided with three second tray mechanisms, and the first tray mechanism and the second tray mechanism have the same structure;

[0014] The tower plate mechanism includes a mounting ring fixedly mounted on the upper wall of the tower body, a rotating groove is formed on the inner wall of the mounting ring, an upper plate is rotatably connected inside the rotating groove, a lower plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating groove, and the upper plate and the lower plate are tightly fitted together, a connecting pile is fixedly welded on the upper plate, a base plate is fixedly welded on the outer wall of the tower body corresponding to the position of the mounting ring, a cylinder is rotatably connected on the base plate, an end of the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder penetrates into the interior of the tower body, and an end of the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting pile, and a sealing ring is sleeved on the telescopic rod of the cylinder at the connection between the telescopic rod of the cylinder and the tower body.

[0015] Furthermore, a center hole is opened at the center position of the upper plate and the lower plate, an overflow weir is fixedly welded on the top outer edge of the center hole on the upper plate, and a number of tower cap seats are also fixedly welded at equal intervals on the upper plate, a tower cap cover is arranged on the top of the tower cap seat, a limiting ring seat is fixedly welded on the top of the channel inside the tower cap seat, a connecting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting ring seat, and the top of the connecting rod is fixedly welded to the top of the inner wall of the tower cap cover.

[0016] Furthermore, an offset opening is opened on the lower plate corresponding to a number of internal channel positions of the tower cap seat, and an overpressure cut-off valve is provided at the bottom of the offset opening. The overpressure cut-off valve includes a gathering cover and a connecting pipe fixedly welded to the bottom of the offset opening, a lower spherical shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting pipe, and an air inlet expansion portion and an inner conical sealing portion are provided on the lower spherical shell.

[0017] Furthermore, a lower pressure ring is fixedly welded to the bottom of the connecting tube located between the connecting tube and the lower spherical shell through a group of contact rods, an upper spherical shell is arranged on the top of the lower pressure ring, and a rubber diaphragm is also fixedly installed between the lower pressure ring and the upper spherical shell by screws, an adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the top of the upper spherical shell, the bottom of the adjusting bolt is in contact with the center position of the top of the rubber diaphragm through a spring, a suspension rod is also fixedly installed at the center position of the rubber diaphragm, a plug is sleeved inside the inner conical sealing portion, and the top of the plug is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension rod.

[0018] Furthermore, an annular receiving cover is fixedly welded on the outer edge of the bottom of the center hole on the lower plate, and a conical flow distribution cover is fixedly welded inside the annular receiving cover through a plurality of welding columns. An annular overflow channel is formed between the outer wall of the conical flow distribution cover and the interior of the annular receiving cover, and a plurality of exhaust inclined holes are opened on the conical flow distribution cover.

[0019] The method for using the BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Primary distillation of BDO waste liquid stock solution. First, the distillation of BDO waste liquid stock solution enters the tower body through the raw liquid inlet and falls on the upper plate of the first tower plate mechanism 2. At the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body through the tower kettle steam inlet and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the two bottom tower plate mechanisms 2 and reaches the bottom of the first tower plate mechanism 2, the high-temperature airflow first enters the lower spherical shell through the air inlet expansion part and the inner cone sealing part of the overpressure cut-off valve. Then, the high-temperature airflow enters the connecting pipe along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring and the connecting pipe, and enters the channel inside the tower cap seat through the gathering cover and the offset opening, and lifts the tower cap cover upward. At this time, the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate through the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover, so that the BDO waste liquid stock solution is on the upper plate. boiling to achieve the effect of primary distillation, at this time, the high-temperature airflow mixed with some components distilled out by the high-temperature continues to climb upward, and at the same time, the BDO waste liquid stock solution overflows through the overflow weir and enters the inside of the annular receiving cover, and then the BDO waste liquid stock solution inside the annular receiving cover continues to overflow through the annular overflow channel and flows along the outer wall of the conical flow cover to the upper plate of the next tower plate mechanism 2. At the same time, as the high-temperature airflow continues to enter and rise, the high-temperature airflow enters the bottom of the conical flow cover and is discharged outward along a plurality of exhaust inclined holes, increasing the contact probability with the BDO waste liquid stock solution on the outer wall of the conical flow cover, thereby improving the distillation efficiency, and so on, until the BDO waste liquid stock solution entering through the raw liquid inlet passes through the remaining tower plate mechanisms 2 in turn and falls into the bottom of the tower body, and is discharged from the tower bottom liquid outlet;

[0021] Step 2, secondary distillation of BDO waste liquid stock solution. Based on the above step 1, after the BDO waste liquid stock solution at the bottom area of ​​the raw liquid inlet undergoes primary distillation, the high-temperature gas flow mixed with some components distilled out by high temperature continues to climb upward, and then is discharged through the tower top steam outlet. At this time, the tower top steam outlet is externally connected to a condensing device and a storage box, and the gas mixed with some components distilled out by high temperature is condensed into liquid and stored inside the storage box. At this time, the two conveying pipes at the bottom of the storage box are respectively connected to the reflux liquid inlet and the top of the storage box, and the liquid inside the storage box is re-transported to the inside of the tower body and the storage box on the two conveying pipes at a flow ratio of 7:3 = liquid to be refluxed and re-distilled: liquid not to be refluxed and re-distilled, and so on, so that the purity of the liquid finally stored in the storage box gradually increases;

[0022] At the same time, the 7 parts of liquid that need to be refluxed and re-distilled that enter the tower body flow downward, first fall on the upper plate of the first tower plate mechanism one through the reflux liquid inlet, and at the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body through the tower kettle steam inlet and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the remaining two tower plate mechanisms one and reaches the bottom of the first tower plate mechanism one, the high-temperature airflow first enters the lower spherical shell through the air inlet expansion part and the inner cone sealing part of the overpressure cut-off valve, and then the high-temperature airflow enters the connecting pipe along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring and the connecting pipe, and enters the tower through the gathering cover and the offset opening. The tower cap is pushed upwards, and the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate through the gap between the tower cap and the tower cap, causing the BDO waste liquid to boil on the upper plate. The generated steam then enters the condensing device and condenses into liquid, and is transported to the storage box for storage. Meanwhile, the BDO waste liquid that has completed distillation on the first plate mechanism 1 continues to flow downwards, and completes the distillation process on the remaining two plate mechanisms 1, and finally falls on the upper plate of the first plate mechanism 2, and repeats this process until all the BDO waste liquid is distilled.

[0023] Step 3, pressure control of the high-temperature rising airflow. Based on the above steps 1 and 2, in the distillation process, in order to avoid the phenomenon of uneven airflow when the rising high-temperature airflow passes through the inside of each over-pressure cut-off valve, the rubber diaphragm is provided with a certain elasticity, so that if the pressure in the over-pressure cut-off valve area is too high, the rubber diaphragm is directly lifted up, thereby prompting the suspension rod to move upward, blocking the inner conical sealing part, and prompting the high-pressure airflow at this location to be evenly distributed to the over-pressure cut-off valves in other directions, so that the pressure of the high-pressure airflow passing through the over-pressure cut-off valve at each position is equal, and the uniformity of the contact between the BDO waste liquid stock solution and the high-temperature airflow on the upper plate is improved;

[0024] Step 4: Improvement of the uniformity of contact between the high-temperature airflow and the BDO waste liquid stock solution on the upper plate. Based on the above steps 1 and 2, when the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate through the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover to cause the BDO waste liquid stock solution to boil on the upper plate, the cylinder at the corresponding position is started, and the upper plate is driven to rotate slightly back and forth through the connection between the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder and the connecting pile, so that the high-temperature airflow sprayed from the gap between the tower cap seat and the tower cap cover can be sprayed at different positions of the BDO waste liquid stock solution, thereby improving the uniformity of the high-temperature airflow contact.

[0025] 3. Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) In this scheme, an overpressure cut-off valve is installed at the bottom of the offset opening of the lower plate, so that the high-temperature airflow can pass through the pressure cut-off valve and then enter the offset opening and the channel of the tower cap seat. During the passing process, if the air pressure is too high, the rubber diaphragm can be pushed up, prompting the suspension rod to be lifted up and the inner cone-shaped sealing part to be blocked by a plug, thereby preventing the high-temperature airflow from continuing to pass through and diverting the high-pressure airflow to the edge, thereby achieving the effect of high-temperature airflow passing through each overpressure cut-off valve with uniform pressure, reducing the phenomenon of uneven contact between the airflow and the BDO waste liquid due to local air pressure fluctuations;

[0028] (2) In this scheme, when the high-temperature airflow is sprayed toward the BDO waste liquid through the gap between the tower cap base and the tower cap cover, the cylinder at the corresponding position can drive the corresponding upper plate to rotate back and forth through the telescopic rod and the connecting pile, so that the gap between the tower cap base and the tower cap cover sprays the high-temperature airflow at different positions of the BDO waste liquid, thereby achieving the effect of improving the contact uniformity and improving the distillation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tower structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the distribution of the tray mechanism inside the tower body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tower plate mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a tray mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tower cap seat of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overpressure cut-off valve of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the overpressure cut-off valve of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular receiving cover of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the conical flow distribution hood of the present invention.

[0039] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0040] 1. Tower body; 101. Steam outlet at the top of the tower; 102. Liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower; 103. Reflux liquid inlet; 104. Raw liquid inlet; 105. Steam inlet at the bottom of the tower; 2. Tower plate mechanism 1; 3. Mounting ring; 4. Upper plate; 401. Connecting pile; 402. Center hole; 5. Lower plate; 501. Offset opening; 6. Cylinder; 7. Overflow weir; 8. Tower cap seat; 801. Limiting ring seat; 9. Tower cap cover; 901. Connecting rod; 10. Overpressure cut-off valve; 1001 , gathering cover; 1002, connecting pipe; 1003, lower spherical shell; 1004, air inlet expansion part; 1005, inner cone sealing part; 1006, contact rod; 1007, lower pressure ring; 1008, upper spherical shell; 1009, rubber diaphragm; 1010, adjusting bolt; 1011, spring; 1012, suspension rod; 1013, plug; 11, annular receiving cover; 12, welding column; 13, conical flow distribution cover; 1301, exhaust inclined hole; 14, annular overflow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example

[0043] See also Figure 1-Figure 10The working principle of the multi-stage distillation purification device for BDO waste liquid is as follows: first, the distillation of the BDO waste liquid raw liquid enters the tower body 1 through the raw liquid inlet 104 and falls on the upper plate 4 of the first plate mechanism 2. At the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body 1 through the tower kettle steam inlet 105 and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the two bottom plate mechanisms 2 and reaches the bottom of the first plate mechanism 2, the high-temperature airflow first enters the lower spherical shell 1003 through the air inlet expansion portion 1004 and the inner cone plugging portion 1005 of the overpressure cut-off valve 10, and then the high-temperature airflow enters the connecting pipe 1002 along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring 1007 and the connecting pipe 1002, and enters the channel inside the tower cap seat 8 through the gathering cover 1001 and the offset opening 501, and lifts the tower cap cover 9 upward. At this time, the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate 4 through the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9, so that the BDO waste liquid raw liquid is discharged on the upper plate 4. The high-temperature gas flow boils on the plate 4 to achieve the effect of primary distillation. At this time, the high-temperature gas flow mixed with some components distilled out by the high-temperature distillation continues to climb upward. At the same time, the BDO waste liquid stock solution overflows through the overflow weir 7 and enters the inside of the annular receiving cover 11. Then, the BDO waste liquid stock solution located inside the annular receiving cover 11 continues to overflow through the annular overflow channel 14 and flows along the outer wall of the conical flow cover 13 to the upper plate 4 of the next tower plate mechanism 2. At the same time, as the high-temperature gas flow continues to enter and rise, the high-temperature gas flow enters the bottom of the conical flow cover 13 and is discharged outward along a plurality of exhaust inclined holes 1301, thereby increasing the contact probability with the BDO waste liquid stock solution on the outer wall of the conical flow cover 13 and improving the distillation efficiency. By analogy, until the BDO waste liquid stock solution entering through the raw liquid inlet 104 passes through the remaining tower plate mechanisms 2 in turn and falls to the bottom of the tower body 1, and is discharged from the tower bottom liquid outlet 102, thereby completing the process of primary distillation of the BDO waste liquid stock solution;

[0044] Then, based on the above, after the BDO waste liquid at the bottom area of ​​the raw liquid inlet 104 undergoes primary distillation, the high-temperature gas flow mixed with some components distilled out by high temperature continues to climb upward, and then is discharged through the tower top steam outlet 101. At this time, the tower top steam outlet 101 is externally connected with a condensing device and a storage box, and the gas mixed with some components distilled out by high temperature is condensed into liquid and stored inside the storage box. At this time, the two conveying pipes at the bottom of the storage box are respectively connected to the reflux liquid inlet 103 and the top of the storage box, and the liquid inside the storage box is re-transported to the inside of the tower body 1 and the inside of the storage box on the two conveying pipes at a flow ratio of 7:3 = liquid that needs to be refluxed and re-distilled: liquid that does not need to be refluxed and re-distilled, and so on, so that the purity of the liquid finally stored in the storage box gradually increases;

[0045] At the same time, the 7 portions of liquid that need to be refluxed and re-distilled that enter the tower body 1 flow downward, first fall on the upper plate 4 of the first tower plate mechanism 1 through the reflux liquid inlet 103, and at the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body 1 through the tower bottom steam inlet 105 and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the remaining two tower plate mechanisms 1 and reaches the bottom of the first tower plate mechanism 1, the high-temperature airflow first enters the lower spherical shell 1003 through the air inlet expansion portion 1004 and the inner cone sealing portion 1005 of the overpressure cut-off valve 10, and then the high-temperature airflow enters the connecting pipe 1002 along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring 1007 and the connecting pipe 1002, and passes through the gathering The cover 1001 and the offset opening 501 enter the channel inside the tower cap seat 8 and lift the tower cap cover 9 upwards. At this time, the high-temperature airflow passes through the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9 and sprays on the upper plate 4, causing the BDO waste liquid to boil on the upper plate 4. Then the generated steam enters the condensing device and condenses into liquid, and is transported to the storage box for storage. At the same time, the BDO waste liquid that has completed distillation on the first plate mechanism 1 continues to flow downward and completes the distillation process on the remaining two plate mechanisms 1, and finally falls on the upper plate 4 of the first plate mechanism 2, and this process is repeated until all the BDO waste liquid is distilled.

[0046] In the process of distillation, in order to avoid the phenomenon of uneven airflow when the rising high-temperature airflow passes through each over-pressure cut-off valve 10, the rubber diaphragm 1009 is provided with a certain elasticity, so that if the pressure in the area of ​​the over-pressure cut-off valve 10 is too high, the rubber diaphragm 1009 is directly lifted up, thereby prompting the suspension rod 1012 to move upward, blocking the inner cone-shaped blocking portion 1005, and prompting the high-pressure airflow at this location to be evenly distributed to the over-pressure cut-off valves 10 in other directions, so that the pressure of the high-pressure airflow passing through the over-pressure cut-off valve 10 at each position is equal, and the uniformity of the contact between the BDO waste liquid and the high-temperature airflow on the upper plate 4 is improved;

[0047] When the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate 4 through the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9, causing the BDO waste liquid stock solution to boil on the upper plate 4, the cylinder 6 at the corresponding position is started, and the upper plate 4 is driven to rotate slightly back and forth through the connection between the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder 6 and the connecting pile 401, so that the high-temperature airflow sprayed from the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9 can be sprayed at different positions of the BDO waste liquid stock solution, thereby improving the uniformity of the high-temperature airflow contact.

[0048] The cylinder 6 is rotatably connected to the base plate, and the end of the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder 6 penetrates into the interior of the tower body 1, and the end of the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder 6 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting pile 401. A sealing ring is sleeved on the telescopic rod of the cylinder 6 at the connection between the telescopic rod of the cylinder 6 and the tower body 1. The rotatable installation of the cylinder 6 can avoid interference caused by the upper plate 4 driven by the installed cylinder 6 to rotate through the telescopic rod, and avoid the phenomenon of stuck interference. The setting of the sealing ring can not only seal the connection, but also provide an avoidance space for the connection, so as to avoid the influence caused by the telescopic rod of the cylinder 6 when it is telescopically deflected.

[0049] The tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9 are connected in a sliding manner by a limiting ring seat 801 and a connecting rod 901, so as to ensure that the tower cap cover 9 has the function of moving up and down, so that when the tower cap cover 9 moves up, the high-temperature airflow can flow out through the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9, and when the tower cap cover 9 moves down, the gap between the tower cap seat 8 and the tower cap cover 9 can be sealed to prevent the BDO waste liquid from flowing back through the channel of the tower cap seat 8;

[0050] The offset opening 501 can be opened to correspond to the channel of the tower cap seat 8, which is convenient for the high-temperature airflow to flow. At the same time, when the upper plate 4 rotates, the channel of the tower cap seat 8 can correspond to the offset opening 501. The opening of the air intake expansion portion 1004 can increase the air intake volume. The inner cone-shaped blocking portion 1005 is convenient for adapting to the plug 1013 to achieve the effect of sealing and opening the channel.

[0051] The setting of the adjusting bolt 1010 can change its squeezing force on the spring 1011 and the rubber diaphragm 1009 when rotating the adjusting bolt 1010, thereby controlling the pressure of the high-temperature gas lifting the rubber diaphragm 1009, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the pressure of the airflow passing there.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage distillation and purification device for BDO waste liquid, comprising a tower body (1), characterized in that: The top and bottom of the tower body (1) are respectively provided with a tower top steam outlet (101) and a tower bottom liquid outlet (102); the top and bottom of one side of the outer wall of the tower body (1) are respectively provided with a reflux liquid inlet (103) and a raw liquid inlet (104); the bottom of the other side of the outer wall of the tower body (1) is provided with a tower bottom steam inlet (105); the tower top steam outlet (101), the tower bottom liquid outlet (102), the reflux liquid inlet (103), the raw liquid inlet (104) and the tower bottom steam inlet (105) are all in communication with the interior of the tower body (1); The tower body (1) is provided with three first tray mechanisms (2) located between the reflux liquid inlet (103) and the raw liquid inlet (104), and the tower body (1) is provided with three second tray mechanisms located between the raw liquid inlet (104) and the tower bottom steam inlet (105), and the first tray mechanism (2) and the second tray mechanism have the same structure; The tower plate mechanism (2) comprises a mounting ring (3) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the tower body (1), the inner wall of the mounting ring (3) being provided with a rotation groove, an upper plate (4) being rotationally connected inside the rotation groove, a lower plate (5) being fixedly mounted at the bottom of the rotation groove, and the upper plate (4) and the lower plate (5) being tightly fitted, a connecting pile (401) being fixedly welded on the upper plate (4), a base plate being fixedly welded on the outer wall of the tower body (1) at a position corresponding to the mounting ring (3), a cylinder (6) being rotationally connected on the base plate, an end of a telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder (6) penetrating into the interior of the tower body (1), and an end of a telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder (6) being rotationally connected to the top of the connecting pile (401), and a sealing ring being sleeved on the telescopic rod of the cylinder (6) at the connection between the telescopic rod of the cylinder (6) and the tower body (1); The upper plate (4) and the lower plate (5) are both provided with a center hole (402) at the center position, an overflow weir (7) is fixedly welded on the outer edge of the top of the center hole (402) on the upper plate (4), and a plurality of tower cap seats (8) are fixedly welded on the upper plate (4) at equal intervals, a tower cap cover (9) is arranged on the top of the tower cap seat (8), a limiting ring seat (801) is fixedly welded on the top of the channel inside the tower cap seat (8), a connecting rod (901) is slidably connected inside the limiting ring seat (801), and the top of the connecting rod (901) is fixedly welded to the top of the inner wall of the tower cap cover (9); The lower plate (5) is provided with offset openings (501) at positions corresponding to the internal channels of a plurality of the tower cap seats (8); an overpressure cut-off valve (10) is provided at the bottom of the offset opening (501); the overpressure cut-off valve (10) comprises a gathering cover (1001) and a connecting pipe (1002) fixedly welded to the bottom of the offset opening (501); a lower spherical shell (1003) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the connecting pipe (1002); and an air inlet expansion portion (1004) and an inner cone-shaped blocking portion (1005) are provided on the lower spherical shell (1003); A lower pressure ring (1007) is fixedly welded to the bottom of the connecting tube (1002) between the connecting tube (1002) and the lower spherical shell (1003) via a set of contact rods (1006), an upper spherical shell (1008) is arranged on the top of the lower pressure ring (1007), and a rubber diaphragm (1009) is also fixedly installed between the lower pressure ring (1007) and the upper spherical shell (1008) via screws, and the top of the upper spherical shell (1008) is provided with a rubber diaphragm (1009). The inner conical sealing portion (1005) is threadedly connected with an adjusting bolt (1010), the bottom of the adjusting bolt (1010) is in contact with the center position of the top of the rubber diaphragm (1009) via a spring (1011), and a suspension rod (1012) is also fixedly installed at the center position of the rubber diaphragm (1009), and a plug (1013) is sleeved inside the inner conical sealing portion (1005), and the top of the plug (1013) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension rod (1012).

2. The BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular receiving cover (11) is fixedly welded to the outer edge of the bottom of the central hole (402) located on the lower plate (5); a conical flow distribution cover (13) is fixedly welded inside the annular receiving cover (11) via a plurality of welding columns (12); an annular overflow channel (14) is formed between the outer wall of the conical flow distribution cover (13) and the inside of the annular receiving cover (11); and a plurality of exhaust inclined holes (1301) are provided on the conical flow distribution cover (13).

3. A method for using a multi-stage distillation and purification device for BDO waste liquid, characterized in that: The method comprises the BDO waste liquid multi-stage distillation purification device according to claim 2 and the following steps: Step 1: Primary distillation of BDO waste liquid stock solution. First, the distilled BDO waste liquid stock solution enters the tower body (1) through the raw liquid inlet (104) and falls on the upper plate (4) of the first tower plate mechanism 2. At the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body (1) through the tower kettle steam inlet (105) and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the two bottom tower plate mechanisms 2 and reaches the bottom of the first tower plate mechanism 2, the high-temperature airflow first passes through the air inlet expansion part (104) of the overpressure cut-off valve (10). 04) and the inner conical sealing portion (1005) enter the lower spherical shell (1003), and then the high-temperature airflow enters the connecting tube (1002) along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring (1007) and the connecting tube (1002), and enters the channel inside the tower cap seat (8) through the gathering cover (1001) and the offset opening (501), and lifts the tower cap cover (9) upward. At this time, the high-temperature airflow passes through the gap between the tower cap seat (8) and the tower cap cover (9) on the upper plate (4). The BDO waste liquid is sprayed to cause the BDO waste liquid to boil on the upper plate (4) to achieve the effect of primary distillation. At this time, the high-temperature airflow mixed with some of the components distilled by the high-temperature continues to rise upward. At the same time, the BDO waste liquid overflows through the overflow weir (7) and enters the inside of the annular receiving cover (11). Then, the BDO waste liquid inside the annular receiving cover (11) continues to overflow through the annular overflow channel (14) and flows along the outer wall of the conical flow distribution cover (13) to the upper plate ( 4), and at the same time, as the high-temperature airflow continues to enter and rise, the high-temperature airflow enters the bottom of the conical flow distribution cover (13) and is discharged outward along a plurality of exhaust inclined holes (1301), thereby increasing the probability of contact with the BDO waste liquid on the outer wall of the conical flow distribution cover (13), thereby improving the distillation efficiency, and so on, until the BDO waste liquid entering through the raw liquid inlet (104) passes through the remaining tower plate mechanisms 2 in sequence and falls into the bottom of the tower body (1), and is discharged from the tower bottom liquid outlet (102); Step 2, secondary distillation of BDO waste liquid stock solution. Based on the above step 1, after the BDO waste liquid stock solution at the bottom area of ​​the raw liquid inlet (104) undergoes primary distillation, the high-temperature gas flow mixed with the components distilled out by the high-temperature distillation continues to rise upward, and then is discharged through the tower top steam outlet (101). At this time, the tower top steam outlet (101) is externally connected to a condensing device and a storage box, and the gas mixed with the components distilled out by the high-temperature distillation is condensed into liquid and stored in the storage box. At this time, the two conveying pipes at the bottom of the storage box are respectively connected to the reflux liquid inlet (103) and the top of the storage box, and the liquid in the storage box is re-transported to the inside of the tower body (1) and the inside of the storage box on the two conveying pipes at a flow rate ratio of 7:3 = liquid to be refluxed and re-distilled: liquid not to be refluxed and re-distilled, and this is repeated, so that the purity of the liquid finally stored in the storage box gradually increases; At the same time, the 7 portions of liquid that need to be refluxed and re-distilled that enter the tower body (1) flow downward, first fall on the upper plate (4) of the first tower plate mechanism 1 through the reflux liquid inlet (103), and at the same time, the high-temperature airflow enters the tower body (1) through the tower bottom steam inlet (105) and rises. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the remaining two tower plate mechanisms 1 and reaches the bottom of the first tower plate mechanism 1, the high-temperature airflow first enters the lower spherical shell (1003) through the air inlet expansion portion (1004) and the inner cone sealing portion (1005) of the overpressure cut-off valve (10), and then enters the connecting pipe (1002) along the annular gap between the lower pressure ring (1007) and the connecting pipe (1002), and passes through the connecting pipe (1002). The steam passes through the collecting cover (1001) and the offset opening (501) and enters the channel inside the tower cap seat (8), and lifts the tower cap cover (9) upwards. At this time, the high-temperature airflow passes through the gap between the tower cap seat (8) and the tower cap cover (9) and sprays on the upper plate (4), causing the BDO waste liquid to boil on the upper plate (4). The generated steam then enters the condensing device and condenses into liquid, and is transported to the storage box for storage. At the same time, the BDO waste liquid that has completed distillation on the first plate mechanism one continues to flow downwards and completes the distillation process on the remaining two plate mechanisms one, and finally falls on the upper plate (4) of the first plate mechanism two. This process is repeated until all the BDO waste liquid is distilled. Step 3: Controlling the pressure of the high-temperature rising airflow. Based on the above steps 1 and 2, in order to avoid the phenomenon of uneven airflow when the rising high-temperature airflow passes through the inside of each overpressure cut-off valve (10) during the distillation process, the rubber diaphragm (1009) is provided with a certain elasticity, so that when the pressure in the area of ​​the overpressure cut-off valve (10) is too high, the rubber diaphragm (1009) is directly lifted up, thereby prompting the suspension rod (1012) to move upward, blocking the inner conical sealing portion (1005), and prompting the high-pressure airflow at this location to be evenly distributed to the overpressure cut-off valves (10) in other directions, so that the pressure of the high-pressure airflow passing through the inside of the overpressure cut-off valve (10) at each position is equal, thereby improving the uniformity of contact between the BDO waste liquid stock solution on the upper plate (4) and the high-temperature airflow; Step 4: Improving the uniformity of contact between the high-temperature airflow on the upper plate (4) and the BDO waste liquid stock solution. Based on the above steps 1 and 2, when the high-temperature airflow is sprayed on the upper plate (4) through the gap between the tower cap seat (8) and the tower cap cover (9), causing the BDO waste liquid stock solution to boil on the upper plate (4), the cylinder (6) at the corresponding position is started, and the upper plate (4) is driven to rotate slightly back and forth through the connection between the telescopic rod on one side of the cylinder (6) and the connecting pile (401), so that the high-temperature airflow sprayed from the gap between the tower cap seat (8) and the tower cap cover (9) can be sprayed at different positions of the BDO waste liquid stock solution, thereby improving the uniformity of the high-temperature airflow contact.

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