Electric arc fuse wire additive manufacturing device capable of being used for dynamic in-situ characterization and method of electric arc fuse wire additive manufacturing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to an electric arc fuse wire additive manufacturing device capable of being used for dynamic in-situ characterization, which comprises an engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, a diffraction detector array and a CMT electric arc additive manufacturing system, the CMT electric arc additive manufacturing system comprises a machining platform with plane rotating and height lifting functions and a CMT electric arc additive manufacturing mechanical arm. A diffraction emitting end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer faces the processing platform, and the two diffraction detector arrays are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the processing platform by taking the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer as a symmetry axis; the CMT electric arc additive manufacturing system is adapted to the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, so that in-situ monitoring of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer on a component in the CMT electric arc additive manufacturing process is realized, and long-period monitoring research on a single monitoring area can be realized; and the lifting function of the machining platform can be used for monitoring the stress and the microstructure of a plurality of areas to research the change trend of the stress and the microstructure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of monitoring technology, and in particular to an arc fuse additive manufacturing device and method that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization. Background Art

[0002] The macroscopic residual stress generated by uneven plastic deformation and other uneven deformation of materials or parts during manufacturing and load service is commonly referred to as residual stress in engineering. It exists in the macroscopic scale, that is, it maintains balance within many grains. When the balance is destroyed, macroscopic dimensional changes will occur. Residual stress affects the stability, fatigue strength, static strength, brittle failure, stress corrosion resistance, and high temperature creep cracking performance of materials or parts. Determining the residual stress in materials or parts is crucial to improving the manufacturing process and predicting its safety.

[0003] At present, since common monitoring equipment, such as high-speed cameras, infrared thermometers, acoustic emission monitoring, spectrometers, etc., cannot monitor the internal microstructure and stress of components, neutron diffraction is the only non-destructive method that can directly measure the stress field distribution deep inside materials or engineering components, and has important applications in engineering. The early application of neutron diffraction stress measurement technology focused on aging analysis and the characterization of residual stress states generated during manufacturing processes (such as welding). Recently, it has been expanded to the design of advanced materials used in engineering and devices (such as electrostrictive materials for sonar systems, fusion reactor materials, etc.), as well as the measurement of direct strain and residual strain of load components (such as nuclear power plant turbine steam pipes, train rails, etc.). In addition, neutron diffraction is mostly used in the service process of material loads, and its application as stress monitoring in manufacturing processes is relatively rare.

[0004] The present invention combines CMT arc additive manufacturing equipment and an engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer to achieve stress and residual stress, micromechanical property measurement, material texture phase composition measurement and long-period measurement during the arc additive manufacturing process, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization, comprising an engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, a diffraction detector array and a CMT arc additive manufacturing system; the CMT arc additive manufacturing system comprises a processing platform with plane rotation and height lifting functions and a CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm; the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer faces the processing platform, and the two diffraction detector arrays are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing platform with the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer as the symmetry axis.

[0008] Furthermore, the two diffraction detector arrays each include a diffraction detector and a radial collimator; the two diffraction detectors are respectively located on both sides of the processing platform and form an angle of ±90° with the incident neutron beam emitted by the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, and the detection ends of the two diffraction detectors are both equipped with radial collimators; the two diffraction detectors respectively correspond to two orthogonal residual strain directions.

[0009] Furthermore, a pointed incident slit is provided between the diffraction end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer and the processing platform.

[0010] The top ends of the four guide support rods are respectively connected with the corners corresponding to the bottom surface of the top plate, and the top ends of the four guide support rods are respectively connected with the corners corresponding to the bottom surface of the top plate, and the driving plate is located between the bottom plate and the top plate, and the corners are respectively provided with sliding holes that are slidably matched with the corresponding guide support rods, and the two ends of the screw rod are respectively connected with the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate and the middle part of the bottom surface of the top plate, and the working end of the screw rod is connected with the driving plate, and a motor driving the screw rod is provided on the bottom plate, and at least four lifting holes are symmetrically provided on the top plate in a rectangular distribution, and the lifting holes are each provided with support rods that are slidably matched with them, and the top ends of the support rods are respectively fixedly connected with the corners corresponding to the processing plate by bolts, and the bottom ends of the support rods are respectively fixedly connected with the driving plate by bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, a sample substrate for carrying the printed sample is provided on the processing flat plate, and a temperature sensor and a strain sensor are provided on the sample substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, a metal protective cover with or without a cap is fixedly connected with bolts on the peripheral side of the processing plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the radial collimator and the incident slit cooperate to determine the size of the neutron sampling measurement volume inside the sample, and the neutron sampling measurement volume range is 2×2×2mm3-8×8×8mm3.

[0014] The present invention also provides a measurement method used by an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials;

[0016] S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation;

[0017] S3: Start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and use the processing head to print upward layer by layer along the S-shaped path on the sample substrate to prepare a flat sample. The processing platform always remains in a fixed position;

[0018] S4: The neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume always selects a fixed position on the sample. During the printing and preparation movement of the processing head, dynamic sampling and measurement of the fixed position of the sample is performed; dynamic monitoring of the post-processing solidification and cooling of the fixed area of ​​the sample is achieved to obtain information such as stress changes.

[0019] S5: The diffraction detector array keeps collecting neutron diffraction data during the printing process;

[0020] S6: Process the collected neutron diffraction data in segments per minute;

[0021] S7: The collected neutron diffraction data are sent to the computer for further analysis using professional software such as GSAS-Ⅱ, so as to obtain information on the changes of lattice parameters at fixed positions of the sample material with temperature, solid-state phase change and its evolution with time, residual strain and lattice strain evolution with time, and partial grain preferred orientation evolution with time.

[0022] The present invention also provides another measurement method used by an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0023] S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials;

[0024] S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation;

[0025] S3: Control the processing platform to rotate at a constant speed, and at the same time start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and print layer by layer on the sample substrate through the processing head to prepare a circular tubular sample;

[0026] S4: Use a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the sample to determine the semi-solidified area, solidified area, and cooling area on the tubular sample;

[0027] S5: The measurement point of the circular tubular sample is selected in the semi-solidified area, and the neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume is 2×2×2mm3. When the measurement point of the circular tubular sample reaches the neutron diffraction position, the processing platform will rotate and descend layer by layer;

[0028] S6: During the printing and preparation process, the diffraction detector array collects neutron diffraction data of sufficient intensity for 1 minute, and obtains the average statistical diffraction information of the measurement points of the circular tubular sample within the 1-minute measurement time;

[0029] S7: Change the relative position between the measuring point and the molten pool, and continue measuring the next point until all positions of the sample are measured;

[0030] S8: Obtain the diffraction information of the sample at different measurement points in the semi-solidified region near the molten pool with the relative position to the molten pool unchanged.

[0031] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0032] The present invention adapts the CMT arc additive manufacturing system to the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer. The processing platform in the CMT arc additive manufacturing system has the functions of rotation and lifting, and a metal protective cover is provided on its periphery for shielding splashes during the processing, which plays a role in protecting the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer and the diffraction detector, thereby realizing the in-situ monitoring of components in the CMT arc additive manufacturing process by the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, which can realize long-term monitoring and research on a single monitoring area, and use the lifting function of the processing platform to monitor the stress and microstructure of multiple areas, and study the changing trends of stress and microtexture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed position sample sampling measurement mode.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the quasi-steady-state sample sampling measurement mode.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the processing platform structure.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the fixed position sample sampling and measurement method.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the sampling and measurement method of samples near the quasi-steady-state molten pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, specific implementations of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization of the present invention includes an engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer 10, a diffraction detector array 20 and a CMT arc additive manufacturing system 30 located on one side of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer 10; the CMT arc additive manufacturing system 30 includes a processing platform 1 with plane rotation and height lifting functions and a CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm 2 located on one side of the processing platform 1; the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer 10 faces the processing platform 1, and the two diffraction detector arrays 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing platform 1 with the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer 3 as the symmetry axis.

[0041] The two diffraction detector arrays 20 each include a diffraction detector 21 and a radial collimator 22; the two diffraction detectors 21 are respectively located on both sides of the processing platform 1 and form an angle of ±90° with the incident neutron beam emitted by the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer 3, and the detection ends of the two diffraction detectors 4 are both equipped with a radial collimator for limiting the width of the outgoing neutron beam; the two diffraction detectors respectively correspond to two orthogonal residual strain directions; specifically, the two diffraction detectors respectively measure radial strain and annular strain.

[0042] A pointed-mouth type incident slit is provided between the diffraction end and the processing platform of the engineering material neutron diffractometer 3, which is used to limit the incident cross-sectional area of ​​the neutron beam. The pointed-mouth type incident slit is continuous, and the opening can be changed according to experimental requirements. A double-guide structure is adopted, with high positioning accuracy, repeatability higher than 10 μm, and absolute positioning accuracy better than 30 μm. The slit blade is made of enriched boron carbide, which greatly reduces the thickness of the blade, effectively reduces the deformation of the slit cantilever structure, and ensures that the slit has a pointed mouth of sufficient length, can approach special-shaped components, and especially can penetrate into the interior of long tubes, thereby improving the experimental capability of the engineering material neutron diffractometer.

[0043] The radial collimator 22 and the incident slit cooperate to determine the size of the neutron sampling measurement volume inside the sample. Usually, the neutron sampling measurement volume ranges from 2×2×2mm3 to 8×8×8mm3. The sample size is mainly limited by the sample space reserved by the radial collimator. The device can realize in-situ neutron diffraction measurement of additively manufactured samples with a maximum diameter of 700mm and a height of 1000mm.

[0044] The processing platform 1 includes a rotating base 11 and a lifting platform 12 fixedly mounted on the rotating base 11 by bolts. The lifting platform 12 includes a bottom plate 121, a top plate 122, a guide support rod 123, a screw rod 124, a drive plate 125, a support rod 126 and a processing plate 127. The bottom surface of the bottom plate 121 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the rotating base 11 by bolts. There are four guide support rods 123, and their bottom ends are respectively fixedly mounted at the corners of the top surface of the bottom plate 121. The top ends of the four guide support rods 123 are respectively fixedly connected with the corners corresponding to the bottom surface of the top plate 122 by bolts. The drive plate 125 is located between the bottom plate 121 and the top plate 122, and its corners are provided with The two ends of the screw rod 124 are respectively fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the bottom plate 121 and the middle of the bottom surface of the top plate 122, and the working end of the screw rod 124 is connected to the driving plate 125. The bottom plate is provided with a motor for driving the screw rod. The top plate 122 is symmetrically provided with at least four lifting holes in a rectangular distribution. The lifting holes are each provided with a support rod 126 that slides with it. The top ends of the support rods 126 are respectively fixedly connected with bolts at the corners corresponding to the processing plate 127, and the bottom ends of the support rods 126 are respectively fixedly connected with bolts to the driving plate 125. The rotation and lifting function is realized to meet the needs of processing and neutron diffraction monitoring.

[0045] The processing plate 127 is provided with a sample substrate for carrying the printed sample, and the sample substrate is provided with a temperature sensor for collecting the sample temperature and a strain sensor for measuring and collecting the sample strain information. The temperature sensor is preferably a thermocouple; it is used to monitor the temperature and macroscopic residual strain information and assist in the analysis of neutron experimental data.

[0046] The processing plate 127 is bolted on the side thereof to be fixedly connected with a metal protective cover 5 with or without a cap. The metal protective cover 5 is preferably made of aluminum alloy. The metal protective cover 5 also has an air inlet 51 and a circulation hole 52 for protective gas to enter and exit the interior thereof. The protective gas is used to prevent processing smoke and dust from polluting the laboratory. It is convenient for the processing robot arm to probe into the processing platform so that the processing head can print and prepare samples on the sample substrate, and prevent a small amount of splashes during arc additive manufacturing processing from causing damage to the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer. At the same time, it can also allow the neutron beam to pass through the metal protective cover and interact with the sample on the processing platform.

[0047] The CMT arc additive manufacturing system 30 and the diffraction detector array 20 are both connected to an external control system.

[0048] Working principle: Start the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, and start the CMT arc additive manufacturing system to print and prepare samples on the sample substrate. The neutron beam emitted by the diffraction end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer passes through the metal protective cover and is incident on the sample monitoring position and diffracts with the sample. The diffracted neutron beam is incident on the diffraction detector through the radial collimator. The spatial volume occupied by the intersection of the incident neutron beam and the diffracted neutron beam after passing through the slit and the radial collimator is the sampling measurement volume; since the center of the incident beam and the detector position are fixed, the mechanical constraint of the empty plate on the sample by the center of the sampling measurement volume position will produce more significant residual stress. The neutron sampling measurement position can be selected near the bottom of the sample, and the diffraction data is collected to analyze the thermal stress and phase change during the layer-by-layer accumulation process of the sample; before the neutron diffraction data is collected, a sample of a certain height is pre-processed on the sample substrate, the neutron sampling measurement volume is selected, and the neutron data collection begins; during the neutron data collection process, the additive manufacturing workpiece is a fixed position point. The measurement of different positions of the sample is carried out by moving the position to be measured of the sample to the sampling measurement center position for neutron diffraction measurement. After measuring one position, move to the next position to continue measuring until all the positions to be measured are completed.

[0049] The present invention adapts the CMT arc additive manufacturing system to the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer. The processing platform in the CMT arc additive manufacturing system has the functions of rotation and lifting, and a metal protective cover is provided on its periphery for shielding splashes during the processing, which plays a role in protecting the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer and the diffraction detector, thereby realizing the in-situ monitoring of components in the CMT arc additive manufacturing process by the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer, which can realize long-term monitoring and research on a single monitoring area, and use the lifting function of the processing platform to monitor the stress and microstructure of multiple areas, and study the changing trends of stress and microtexture.

[0050] The present invention provides an arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization, which is used to realize the collection, measurement and data analysis of diffraction neutron data changing over time in the metal additive manufacturing process; there are mainly two measurement methods, namely: a fixed position sample sampling measurement method and a quasi-steady-state molten pool near sample sampling measurement method.

[0051] The fixed position sample sampling and measurement method is that during the experiment, the bottom position of the sample is fixed and the top is printed layer by layer. During the movement of the processing robot arm, the neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume is always selected at a fixed position of interest to perform sampling measurement of the fixed sample and collect neutron diffraction data. The specific steps of the method are as follows:

[0052] S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials;

[0053] S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation;

[0054] S3: Start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and use the processing head to print upward layer by layer along the S-shaped path on the sample substrate to prepare a flat sample. The processing platform always remains in a fixed position;

[0055] S101: The processing head of the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm starts printing and preparing from the sample processing start end to its processing end end, and then returns from the processing end end to the processing start end, and the above printing path is circulated until the sample printing and preparation is completed;

[0056] S4: The neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume always selects a fixed position on the sample. During the printing and preparation movement of the processing head, dynamic sampling and measurement of the fixed position of the sample is performed; dynamic monitoring of the solidification and cooling of the fixed area of ​​the sample after processing is realized to obtain information such as stress changes;

[0057] S5: The diffraction detector array keeps collecting neutron diffraction data during the printing process;

[0058] S6: The collected neutron diffraction data are processed in segments every minute to ensure sufficient diffraction intensity for analyzing the diffraction signal.

[0059] S7: The collected neutron diffraction data are sent to the computer for further analysis using professional software such as GSAS-Ⅱ, so as to obtain information on the changes of lattice parameters at fixed positions of sample materials with temperature, solid-state phase changes and their evolution over time, residual strain and lattice strain evolution over time, and partial grain preferential orientation evolution over time; the relevant experimental data help to deeply understand the mechanism of residual stress generation and evolution behavior in metal additive manufacturing, and thus help to control the deformation and cracking of parts.

[0060] The quasi-steady-state molten pool near sample sampling and measurement mode is that during the experiment, as the processing head position of the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm moves, the sample gradually moves and decreases in height during the printing growth process, and the neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume is selected at a specific position with a fixed relative distance from the molten pool. The rotary lifting platform moves up and down and rotates in coordination with the processing head position, keeping the processing position and the neutron diffraction monitoring position relatively still, and performing sampling and measurement of samples near the quasi-steady-state molten pool to collect neutron diffraction data. The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials;

[0062] S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation;

[0063] S3: Control the processing platform to rotate at a constant speed, and at the same time start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and print layer by layer on the sample substrate through the processing head to prepare a circular tubular sample;

[0064] S4: Use a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the sample to determine the semi-solidified area, solidified area, and cooling area on the tubular sample;

[0065] S5: The measurement point of the circular tubular sample is selected in the semi-solidified area, and the neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume is 2×2×2mm3. When the measurement point of the circular tubular sample reaches the neutron diffraction position, the processing platform will rotate and descend layer by layer to keep the relative position of the molten pool and the neutron sampling measurement volume unchanged.

[0066] S6: During the printing and preparation process, the diffraction detector array collects neutron diffraction data of sufficient intensity for 1 minute, and obtains the average statistical diffraction information of the measurement points of the circular tubular sample within the 1-minute measurement time;

[0067] S7: Change the relative position between the measuring point and the molten pool, and continue measuring the next point until all positions of the sample are measured;

[0068] S8: Obtain the diffraction information of samples at different measurement points in the semi-solidified area near the molten pool with unchanged relative positions to the molten pool, which is used for the study and analysis of residual stress evolution and phase change;

[0069] Based on this method, neutron diffraction can be used to directly observe the initial solidification area, semi-melting and semi-solidification area, solidification area, and cooling area near the molten pool, and direct evidence such as solidification crystallization and diffraction signals can be obtained, which is helpful to deeply study the solidification evolution behavior mechanism of the metal molten pool.

[0070] The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arc fuse additive manufacturing device that can be used for dynamic in-situ characterization, Features: The invention comprises an engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer (10), a diffraction detector array (20) and a CMT arc additive manufacturing system (30); the CMT arc additive manufacturing system (30) comprises a processing platform (1) with plane rotation and height lifting functions and a CMT arc additive manufacturing mechanical arm (2); the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer (10) faces the processing platform (1), and two diffraction detector arrays (20) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing platform (1) with the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer (3) as a symmetry axis.

2. An arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claim 1, Features: The two diffraction detector arrays (20) each comprise a diffraction detector (21) and a radial collimator (22); the two diffraction detectors (21) are respectively located on both sides of the processing platform (1) and form an angle of ±90° with the incident neutron beam emitted by the diffraction emission end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer (3); the detection ends of the two diffraction detectors (4) are each provided with a radial collimator (22); the two diffraction detectors (21) respectively correspond to two orthogonal residual strain directions.

3. An arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claim 2, Features: A pointed-mouth-shaped incident slit is provided between the diffraction end of the engineering material neutron diffraction spectrometer (3) and the processing platform.

4. An arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Features: The processing platform (1) comprises a rotating base (11) and a lifting platform (12) arranged on the rotating base (11); the lifting platform (12) comprises a bottom plate (121), a top plate (122), a guide support rod (123), a screw rod (124), a drive plate (125), a support rod (126) and a processing plate (127); the bottom surface of the bottom plate (121) is connected to the top surface of the rotating base (11); there are four guide support rods (123) and their bottom ends are respectively fixed at the corners of the top surface of the bottom plate (121); the top ends of the four guide support rods (123) are respectively connected to the corners corresponding to the bottom surface of the top plate (122); the drive plate (125) is located between the bottom plate (121) and the top plate (122); Sliding holes slidably matched with corresponding guide support rods (123) are provided between the plates (122) and at their corners, the two ends of the screw rod (124) are respectively connected to the middle of the top surface of the bottom plate (121) and the middle of the bottom surface of the top plate (122), the working end of the screw rod (124) is connected to the driving plate (125), the bottom plate is provided with a motor for driving the screw rod, at least four lifting holes are symmetrically provided on the top plate (122) in a rectangular distribution, and support rods (126) slidably matched with the lifting holes are provided in the lifting holes, the top ends of the support rods (126) are respectively bolted and fixedly connected to the corners corresponding to the processing plate (127), and the bottom ends of the support rods (126) are respectively bolted and fixedly connected to the driving plate (125).

5. The arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claim 4, Features: A sample substrate for carrying a printed sample is provided on the processing flat plate (127), and a temperature sensor and a strain sensor are provided on the sample substrate.

6. The arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claim 5, Features: A metal protective cover (5) with or without a cap is fixedly connected to the processing plate (127) by bolts.

7. An arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claim 6, Features: The radial collimator (22) cooperates with the incident slit to determine the size of the neutron sampling measurement volume inside the sample, and the neutron sampling measurement volume ranges from 2×2×2 mm3 to 8×8×8 mm3.

8. A measurement method used by an arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claims 1-7, Features: S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials; S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation; S3: Start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and use the processing head to print upward layer by layer along the S-shaped path on the sample substrate to prepare a flat sample. The processing platform always remains in a fixed position; S4: The neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume always selects a fixed position on the sample. During the printing and preparation movement of the processing head, dynamic sampling and measurement of the fixed position of the sample is performed; dynamic monitoring of the post-processing solidification and cooling of the fixed area of ​​the sample is achieved to obtain information such as stress changes. S5: The diffraction detector array keeps collecting neutron diffraction data during the printing process; S6: Process the collected neutron diffraction data in segments per minute; S7: The collected neutron diffraction data are sent to the computer for further analysis using professional software such as GSAS-Ⅱ, so as to obtain information on the changes of lattice parameters at fixed positions of the sample material with temperature, solid-state phase change and its evolution with time, residual strain and lattice strain evolution with time, and partial grain preferred orientation evolution with time.

9. A measurement method used by an arc fuse additive manufacturing device for dynamic in-situ characterization according to claims 1-7, Features: S1: Calibrate the neutron diffractometer for engineering materials; S2: injecting protective gas into the metal protective cover and maintaining the protective gas circulation; S3: Control the processing platform to rotate at a constant speed, and at the same time start the CMT arc additive manufacturing robot arm to extend into the metal protective cover and print layer by layer on the sample substrate through the processing head to prepare a circular tubular sample; S4: Use a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the sample to determine the semi-solidified area, solidified area, and cooling area on the tubular sample; S5: The measurement point of the circular tubular sample is selected in the semi-solidified area, and the neutron diffraction sampling measurement volume is 2×2×2mm3. When the measurement point of the circular tubular sample reaches the neutron diffraction position, the processing platform will rotate and descend layer by layer; S6: During the printing and preparation process, the diffraction detector array collects neutron diffraction data of sufficient intensity for 1 minute, and obtains the average statistical diffraction information of the measurement points of the circular tubular sample within the 1-minute measurement time; S7: Change the relative position between the measuring point and the molten pool, and continue measuring the next point until all positions of the sample are measured; S8: Obtain the diffraction information of the sample at different measurement points in the semi-solidified region near the molten pool with the relative position to the molten pool unchanged.

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