A multi-parameter online monitoring device for leaf litter decomposition

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device in the field of soil analysis technology, comprising a signal-connected monitoring system and a monitoring device, the monitoring device comprising a monitoring tank, a drive box fixedly connected to the top wall of the monitoring tank, a drive assembly provided in the drive box, a rotatable processing assembly provided in the monitoring tank, symmetrical support grooves provided on the inner wall of the monitoring tank, weighing sensors fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the support grooves, the ends of the weighing sensors away from the support grooves being fixedly connected to the two ends of the processing assembly, a plurality of traction assemblies fixedly connected to the drive assembly, and the ends of the traction assemblies located outside the monitoring tank being fixedly connected to the experimental assembly. The present invention fixes the decomposition bag by wires and electric clamps to prevent data loss caused by displacement of the decomposition bag, and performs on-site leaf litter recovery and data monitoring and collection by the processing assembly, thereby reducing manual workload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil analysis, and in particular is a leaf litter decomposition experimental device with multi-parameter online monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Leaf litter is an important component of the ecosystem, and its decomposition process plays a vital role in maintaining the health and stability of the ecosystem. First, leaf litter, as the biomass periodically shed by plants, not only transfers the carbon absorbed by plants during growth to the soil surface, becoming the main source of soil organic carbon, but also releases a large amount of organic matter and nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) through the decomposition process. These elements have a direct promoting effect on the growth and reproduction of other plants in the soil. Second, the decomposition of leaf litter can significantly improve soil structure, increase soil aeration and water retention, regulate soil pH, promote soil nutrient cycling, and maintain soil health. In addition, leaf litter provides a rich food source for microorganisms in the soil, promotes the maintenance of biodiversity, and is of great significance to the stability of the entire ecosystem. Therefore, accurately monitoring the decomposition process of leaf litter and the changes in its parameters will not only help to deepen our understanding of the carbon cycle and nutrient cycle mechanisms of the ecosystem, but also provide a scientific basis for ecological management, soil improvement, and environmental protection.

[0003] Although the study of leaf litter decomposition is crucial for ecosystem management, existing technologies have significant drawbacks in leaf litter monitoring, especially the inability to achieve real-time online monitoring in the wild. Currently, most studies on leaf litter decomposition rely on traditional field sampling and laboratory analysis methods. First, this method requires researchers to frequently go to the wild to collect leaf litter samples and bring them back to the laboratory for subsequent processing and analysis, which increases the workload and cost. In addition, existing leaf litter needs to be placed in decomposition bags and fixed in place with stones before data collection. However, the natural environment is changeable, and it is easy for the decomposition bags to be dragged by wild animals or blown away by the wind, which may cause the decomposition bags to shift or even be lost. Once the decomposition bags leave their original position, researchers often cannot know about it in the first time, which seriously affects the experimental progress. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an experimental device that can monitor the decomposition process of leaf litter and its multi-parameter changes in real time online in the wild. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to fix the decomposition bag through wires and electric clamps to prevent data loss caused by the displacement of the decomposition bag, and to recycle and process fallen leaves and monitor and collect data on site through processing components, thereby reducing manual workload.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device, including a signal-connected monitoring system and a monitoring device, the monitoring device including a monitoring tank, a driving component is provided on the top of the monitoring tank, a driving box is fixedly connected to the top wall of the monitoring tank, a driving component is provided in the driving box, a magnet is fixedly connected to the outer bottom wall of the driving box, a rotatable processing component is provided in the monitoring tank, symmetrical support grooves are provided on the inner wall of the monitoring tank, and weighing sensors are fixedly connected to the bottom walls of the support grooves. The weighing sensors are used to measure the weight of litter leaves falling on the top of the processing component and transmit it to the monitoring system. The processing component divides the interior of the monitoring tank into a detection chamber and a recovery chamber. The monitoring tank is provided with a fan connecting the detection chamber and the outside of the monitoring tank;

[0006] The monitoring tank is provided with a number of solenoid valves connecting the detection chamber and the outside of the monitoring tank. The driving assembly is fixedly connected to a number of traction assemblies corresponding to the solenoid valves. The traction assemblies extend through the solenoid valves to the outside of the monitoring tank. One end of the traction assembly located outside the monitoring tank is fixedly connected to the experimental assembly.

[0007] The driving component is used to obtain information about whether there are any wild animals approaching the monitoring device and to drive them away. The driving component is used to recover the experimental component fixedly connected to the traction component. The experimental component is used to load fallen leaves for the experiment. The processing component is used to process the fallen leaves collected by the experimental component.

[0008] The principle of the basic scheme is: by placing the monitoring tank in the field environment where the decomposition of leaf litter needs to be monitored, the leaf litter samples are collected into several experimental components and placed on the ground in the field environment, and the experimental components and drive components are connected by traction components. The driving component is used to monitor the surrounding environment of the monitoring device, especially to detect whether there are wild animals approaching around the monitoring device. Once wild animals are found, the monitoring system receives the signal and drives the animals away through the driving component to prevent them from interfering with the experimental process of leaf litter decomposition or damaging the experimental device.

[0009] When one of the fallen leaf samples needs to be recovered, the monitoring system controls the driving component to pull the traction component, so that the experimental component enters the detection chamber through the solenoid valve. The fallen leaf sample falls into the detection box and is processed by the processing component and the fan. Finally, the weight of the fallen leaf sample is measured by the weighing sensor and the data is transmitted to the monitoring system.

[0010] The traction component and the experimental component can be used to monitor in real time whether the fallen leaf samples are falling off. If the traction component breaks or the experimental component separates from the fallen leaf sample, real-time feedback will be sent to the monitoring system to notify the researchers.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. Fixing the decomposition bag with wires and electric clamps effectively prevents data loss due to bag displacement and improves the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0012] 2. The driving component effectively prevents wild animals from interfering with the decomposition of fallen leaves and destroying the device, allowing the device to be used for monitoring in a wild environment.

[0013] 3. Through the processing components, fans and weighing sensors, the decomposition of fallen leaves can be recovered, processed and data monitored on site, which effectively saves the workload of experimenters who frequently go in and out of the field environment. Under normal circumstances, there is no need to bring the fallen leaf samples back to the laboratory for processing, which improves the efficiency of the experiment.

[0014] 4. The connection status between the leaf litter sample and the monitoring tank can be obtained through the traction component and the experimental component, and an immediate response can be given when the leaf litter sample is displaced or falls off, ensuring the stable progress of the leaf litter decomposition experiment.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving away component includes an ultrasonic detector, to which a speaker is fixedly connected, and both the ultrasonic detector and the speaker are connected to the monitoring system signal.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: the ultrasonic detector can effectively monitor whether wild animals are approaching the monitoring device. The ultrasonic detector will transmit the data to the monitoring system in real time. Once the approach of wild animals is detected, the monitoring system will immediately trigger the horn to make a sound to drive away the animals, preventing them from interfering with or damaging the experimental process. The ultrasonic detector and horn can significantly reduce the data loss or error caused by interference from wild animals during the experiment, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a cable reel, one side of which is fixedly connected to the top wall of the drive box, a first motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the cable reel, and the side of the first motor away from the cable reel is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box, and a plurality of wire grooves are provided on the cable reel, and each wire groove is provided with a clamping buckle.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the basic scheme is: by driving the winding reel with the first motor, the traction component can be tightened, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering the fallen leaf samples. Several wire slots ensure that the grouped experiments of the fallen leaf samples can be recovered through different wire slots in different time periods. The clamping buckle is used to prevent the other wire slots from tightening the traction component at the same time when a single wire slot of the winding reel is recovered, thereby ensuring that the fallen leaf samples are recovered one by one in different time periods for monitoring the experimental progress.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of openings are opened at the bottom of the driving box, and the traction assembly includes a plurality of wires, one end of each wire is fixedly connected to the wire trough, and the other end of the wire passes through the corresponding opening and the solenoid valve and extends to the outside of the monitoring tank.

[0020] The basic solution has the advantage of ensuring orderly wiring by securing one end of the wire to the cable reel's wire slot and routing the other end through the opening in the bottom of the drive box and the solenoid valve to the outside of the monitoring tank. This helps reduce clutter and tangling, making the entire experimental setup neater and easier to manage.

[0021] Furthermore, the experimental component includes an electric clamp, one end of which is fixedly connected to the wire, a decomposition bag is clamped on the clamping end of the electric clamp, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the bottom of the decomposition bag.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: the electric gripper can quickly and accurately clamp and release the decomposition bag, reducing the occurrence of leaf litter samples leaking from the decomposition bag, and the electric gripper can also be used to monitor whether the decomposition bag is detached from the electric gripper, ensuring the stability of the decomposition process of the leaf litter samples. The counterweight block can increase the weight of the decomposition bag to prevent the decomposition bag from falling off due to water flow or wind, and the magnetism on the counterweight block allows it to be attracted by the magnet after entering the detection chamber. At this time, the electric gripper releases the bag mouth of the decomposition bag, allowing the leaf litter sample to fall onto the processing component.

[0023] Furthermore, the processing component includes a placement box and a hollow rotating shaft, a second motor is fixedly connected to the placement box, the output shaft of the second motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the end of the rotating shaft away from the placement box and the placement box are both located in the support groove and fixedly connected to the top of the weighing sensor, semicircular filter rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft, a filter net is fixedly connected to the filter ring, and the end of the filter net away from the filter ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: the filter net can be used to filter out the mud and sand in the fallen leaf samples, improving the accuracy of the weighing sensor in measuring the sample weight. The filter net can be flipped by the second motor drive, so that the fallen leaf samples flip over and fall into the recovery chamber after weighing, so that the next weighing of the fallen leaf samples will not be affected.

[0025] Furthermore, motor slots are opened at both ends of the rotating shaft near the support slot, an electric motor is fixedly connected to the motor slot, a partition is provided at the end of the motor slot away from the support slot, the partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft, and a heating wire is provided on the side of the partition away from the motor slot.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: since weighing leaf litter samples requires the removal of soil animals and sediment, the vibration of the electric motor enables the filter to effectively shake off sediment and tiny rhizomes, and impurities in the sample can be separated and removed more quickly, thereby speeding up sample processing and improving overall work efficiency; the heating wire slightly heats the leaf litter samples on the filter, and due to the sensitivity of soil animals to high temperatures, they will fall through the filter into the recycling bin. In addition, the heating wire can also be used to dry the leaf litter samples to improve the accuracy of weighing.

[0027] Furthermore, a solar panel is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the monitoring tank, a battery is installed in the solar panel, and the solar panel and the battery are electrically connected to the weighing sensor, the fan and the heating wire.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: the solar panels can effectively collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to provide power for the weighing sensor, fan and heating wire. The built-in battery can store the electricity collected by the solar panels and provide a stable power supply for the experimental device even in insufficient sunlight or at night.

[0029] Furthermore, a support base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring tank, and a plurality of ground piles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support base.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the foundation scheme is that the piles deep into the soil provide a solid support for the monitoring tank, effectively preventing displacement or tipping caused by external factors such as wind, water flow or animal activities, thereby ensuring the stability of the monitoring tank during the experiment.

[0031] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes a control module, a data receiving module and an alarm module:

[0032] The control module is used to control the driving component, driving component, processing component, fan and solenoid valve in the monitoring tank;

[0033] The data receiving module is used to receive the weighing data of the processed fallen leaves from the weighing sensor;

[0034] The alarm module is used to detect abnormal operation of wires and electric grippers and send alerts to researchers.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. The control module can accurately control multiple components in the monitoring tank, such as the driving component, the drive component, the processing component, the fan and the solenoid valve, to ensure the stability and accuracy of the experimental conditions.

[0036] 2. The data receiving module can receive the weighing data of the processed fallen leaves from the weighing sensor in real time, providing researchers with accurate and real-time experimental data.

[0037] 3. The alarm module can monitor the operation of wires and electric grippers in real time, which helps researchers to promptly detect and solve the problem of sample detachment during the experiment and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment.

[0038] 4. Through the integrated monitoring system, researchers can collect and process data more efficiently, saving manual sample recovery and collecting leaf litter decomposition data, thereby improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an axonometric view of a multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of a multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is an axonometric diagram of the processing components of the multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Front cross-sectional view of part A.

[0043] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. solar panel; 2. ultrasonic detector; 3. speaker; 4. monitoring tank; 5. drive box; 6. cable reel; 7. electric wire; 8. port; 9. magnet; 10. solenoid valve; 11. rotating shaft; 12. support groove; 13. weighing sensor; 14. counterweight; 15. decomposition bag; 16. electric clamp; 17. support seat; 18. ground pile; 19. first motor; 20. second motor; 21. filter ring; 22. filter screen; 23. placement box; 24. electric motor; 25. motor slot; 26. partition; 27. heating wire; 28. fan; 29. ​​recovery chamber; 30. detection chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] Basically as attached Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown: A multi-parameter online monitoring of leaf litter decomposition experimental device, including a signal-connected monitoring system and a monitoring device, the monitoring device includes a monitoring tank 4, a driving component is provided on the top of the monitoring tank 4, the driving component is used to obtain whether there are wild animals approaching the monitoring device and drive them away, the top wall of the monitoring tank 4 is bolted to a drive box 5, and a rotatable processing component is provided in the monitoring tank 4, which divides the interior of the monitoring tank 4 into a detection chamber 30 and a recovery chamber 29.

[0047] A drive assembly is provided in the drive box 5, and the drive assembly includes a cable reel 6, one side of the cable reel 6 is bolted to the top wall of the drive box 5, and a first motor 19 is coaxially welded to the rotating shaft 11 of the cable reel 6. The side of the first motor 19 away from the cable reel 6 is bolted to the inner wall of the drive box 5, and a plurality of wire grooves are opened on the cable reel 6, each of which is welded with a clamping buckle, a magnet 9 is welded to the outer bottom wall of the drive box 5, and a plurality of through openings 8 are opened at the bottom of the drive box 5.

[0048] Several solenoid valves 10 connecting the detection chamber 30 and the outside of the monitoring tank 4 are welded on the monitoring tank 4. Several traction components corresponding to the solenoid valves 10 are snap-connected to the driving component. The traction component includes several wires 7. One end of the wire 7 is snap-connected to the wire groove, and the other end of the wire 7 passes through the corresponding through port 8 and the solenoid valve 10 and extends to the outside of the monitoring tank 4. The end of the wire 7 located outside the monitoring tank 4 is welded with an experimental component. The experimental component is used to load fallen leaves for the experiment. The experimental component includes an electric clamp 16. One end of the electric clamp 16 is welded to the wire 7. The clamping end of the electric clamp 16 clamps a decomposition bag 15, and a counterweight block 14 is bonded to the bottom of the decomposition bag 15.

[0049] The monitoring tank 4 has a symmetrical support groove 12 on its inner wall. The bottom wall of the support groove 12 is bolted with a weighing sensor 13. The weighing sensor 13 is used to measure the weight of the fallen leaves on the top of the processing component and transmit it to the monitoring system. The processing component includes a placement box 23 and a hollow rotating shaft 11. The placement box 23 is bolted with a second motor 20. The output shaft of the second motor 20 is coaxially welded with the rotating shaft 11. The end of the rotating shaft 11 away from the placement box 23 and the placement box 23 are both located in the support groove 12 and placed on the top of the weighing sensor 13. The two ends of the rotating shaft 11 are connected to the support box 23. A semicircular filter ring 21 is welded on each side, a filter screen 22 is welded inside the filter ring 21, and the end of the filter screen 22 away from the filter ring 21 is welded to the rotating shaft 11. A fan 28 connecting the detection chamber 30 and the outside of the monitoring tank 4 is opened on the monitoring tank 4. Motor slots 25 are opened at both ends of the rotating shaft 11 close to the support slot 12. An electric motor 24 is bolted to the motor slot 25. A partition 26 is welded on the end of the motor slot 25 away from the support slot 12. The partition 26 is welded on the inner wall of the rotating shaft 11, and a heating wire 27 is welded on the side of the partition 26 away from the motor slot 25.

[0050] The specific implementation process is as follows: First, the researchers collected the fallen leaves and divided them into 7 portions and put them into decomposition bags 15 respectively. One portion was taken back to the laboratory as a weight reference for the initial fallen leaf sample. The monitoring device was installed above the environmental soil that needed to be monitored. The remaining 6 fallen leaf samples were clamped in the decomposition bags 15 by electric clamps 16 and placed on the soil. At this time, the wires 7 and the electric clamps 16 were both located outside the monitoring tank 4. The wires 7 and the electric clamps 16 could sense whether the decomposition bag 15 was detached from the monitoring device. When the electric clamps 16 were loose or the wires 7 were broken due to external force, the monitoring system would sound an alarm to remind the researchers to rush to the experimental site to search for the decomposition bag 15.

[0051] The leaf litter samples are weighed once every 10 days. At this time, the monitoring system controls the first motor 19 to rotate, thereby driving the wire slots on the winding reel 6 to rotate for winding the wire 7. Since only one bag of leaf litter samples needs to be weighed each time, the clamping buckle will lock the other wire slots to prevent other wires 7 from being wound.

[0052] When one of the wires 7 begins to reel, the monitoring system controls the solenoid valve 10 to open completely, so that the electric clamp 16 and the decomposition bag 15 can both enter the monitoring tank 4. When the decomposition bag 15 enters the detection chamber 30, due to the different magnetic poles of the counterweight block 14 and the magnet 9, the magnet 9 attracts the counterweight block 14 to suck the bottom of the decomposition bag 15. At this time, the electric clamp 16 automatically releases, causing the fallen leaf samples in the decomposition bag 15 and the mud and soil animals that enter the decomposition bag 15 during the decomposition process to fall together on the filter screen 22, and the electric clamp 16 enters the drive box 5 through the opening 8 together with the wire 7, thereby realizing the recovery of the electric clamp 16.

[0053] When the leaf litter sample falls on the filter 22, the weighing sensor 13 detects the increase in weight and transmits it to the monitoring system. The monitoring system drives the electric motor 24 to vibrate the filter 22. Since the weighing of the leaf litter sample requires the removal of soil animals and mud, the vibration of the electric motor 24 enables the filter 22 to effectively shake off mud and small roots into the recovery chamber 29, and impurities in the sample can be separated and removed more quickly. The heating wire 27 slightly heats the leaf litter sample on the filter 22. Due to the sensitivity of soil animals to high temperatures, the soil animals will also pass through the filter 22 and fall into the recovery chamber 29. After a period of vibration and heating filtration, the fan 28 is started. The heating wire 27 and the fan 28 act simultaneously to dry the leaf litter sample. After the data measured on the weighing sensor 13 tends to be stable, the weight of the leaf litter sample after decomposition at the current time can be obtained, and the data is transmitted to the monitoring system.

[0054] After the monitoring system obtains the weight data, the second motor 20 is started, which drives the rotating shaft 11 to rotate, so that the filter ring 21 and the filter screen 22 are flipped at the same time, and the fallen leaf samples are poured into the recovery chamber 29 together to avoid affecting the next round of fallen leaf sample monitoring results.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] The difference from the above embodiment is that the Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: the driving component includes an ultrasonic detector 2, a speaker 3 is bolted to the ultrasonic detector 2, and both the ultrasonic detector 2 and the speaker 3 are connected to the monitoring system signal.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: the ultrasonic detector 2 can monitor whether there are any wild animals approaching the monitoring device. The ultrasonic detector 2 will transmit the data to the monitoring system in real time. Once the wild animals are detected approaching, the monitoring system will immediately trigger the speaker 3 to make a sound to drive away the animals and prevent them from interfering with or damaging the experimental process.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] The difference from the above embodiment is that the Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: a solar panel 1 is bolted to one side of the top of the monitoring tank 4, a battery is installed in the solar panel 1, and the solar panel 1 and the battery are electrically connected to the weighing sensor 13, the fan 28 and the heating wire 27.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: the solar panel 1 can effectively collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy, providing power for the weighing sensor 13, fan 28 and heating wire 27. The built-in battery can store the electrical energy collected by the solar panel 1 and provide a stable power supply even when there is insufficient sunlight or at night.

[0061] Example 4:

[0062] The difference from the above embodiment is that the Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support base 17 is bolted to the bottom of the monitoring tank 4 , and a plurality of ground piles 18 are welded to the bottom of the support base 17 .

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: insert the ground pile 18 into the soil in the area where the decomposition of fallen leaves needs to be monitored, so that the support base 17 is fixed on the ground. The ground pile 18 penetrates deep into the soil to provide a stable support for the monitoring tank 4, effectively preventing displacement or tipping caused by external factors such as wind, water flow or animal activities, thereby ensuring the stability of the monitoring tank 4 during the experiment.

[0064] Example 5:

[0065] The difference from the above embodiment is that the monitoring system includes a control module, a data receiving module and an alarm module:

[0066] The control module is used to control the driving component, the driving component, the processing component, the fan 28 and the solenoid valve 10 in the monitoring tank 4;

[0067] The data receiving module is used to receive the weighing data of the processed fallen leaves from the weighing sensor 13;

[0068] The alarm module is used to detect abnormal operation of the electric wire 7 and the electric clamp 16 and send an alarm to the researcher.

[0069] The specific implementation process is as follows: the control module can accurately control multiple components in the monitoring tank 4, such as the driving component, the driving component, the processing component, the fan 28 and the solenoid valve 10, to ensure the stability and accuracy of the experimental conditions; the data receiving module can receive the weighing data of the processed fallen leaves from the weighing sensor 13 in real time, providing researchers with accurate and real-time experimental data; the alarm module can monitor the operation of the wires 7 and the electric clamps 16 in real time, which helps researchers to promptly discover and solve the problem of sample shedding during the experiment, ensuring the smooth progress of the experiment; through the integrated monitoring system, researchers can collect and process data more efficiently, and collect fallen leaf decomposition data while saving manual sample recovery, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0071] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the inspiration given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter online monitoring device for leaf litter decomposition, characterized by: The invention comprises a monitoring system and a monitoring device for signal connection, wherein the monitoring device comprises a monitoring tank (4), a driving assembly is provided at the top of the monitoring tank (4), a driving box (5) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the monitoring tank (4), a driving assembly is provided in the driving box (5), a magnet (9) is fixedly connected to the outer bottom wall of the driving box (5), a rotatable processing assembly is provided in the monitoring tank (4), symmetrical supporting grooves (12) are provided on the inner wall of the monitoring tank (4), and weighing sensors (13) are fixedly connected on the inner bottom walls of the supporting grooves (12), and the weighing sensors (13) are used to measure the weight of fallen leaves falling on the top of the processing assembly and transmit it to the monitoring system, the processing assembly divides the interior of the monitoring tank (4) into a detection chamber (30) and a recovery chamber (29), and a fan (28) is provided on the monitoring tank (4) to connect the detection chamber (30) and the outside of the monitoring tank (4); The monitoring tank (4) is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic valves (10) communicating with the detection chamber (30) and the outside of the monitoring tank (4); a plurality of traction assemblies corresponding to the electromagnetic valves (10) are fixedly connected to the driving assembly; the traction assemblies extend through the electromagnetic valves (10) to the outside of the monitoring tank (4); and one end of the traction assemblies located outside the monitoring tank (4) is fixedly connected to the experimental assembly; The driving component is used to detect whether there are wild animals approaching the monitoring device and drive them away. The driving component is used to recover the experimental component fixedly connected to the traction component. The experimental component is used to load the fallen leaves for the experiment. The processing component is used to process the fallen leaves collected by the experimental component. The drive assembly includes a cable reel (6), one side of the cable reel (6) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the drive box (5), a first motor (19) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11) of the cable reel (6), a side of the first motor (19) away from the cable reel (6) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drive box (5), a plurality of cable grooves are provided on the cable reel (6), and each cable groove is provided with a clamping buckle; The bottom of the driving box (5) is provided with a plurality of openings (8), and the traction assembly includes a plurality of wires (7), one end of each wire (7) is fixedly connected to the wire trough, and the other end of the wire (7) passes through the corresponding openings (8) and the solenoid valve (10) and extends to the outside of the monitoring tank (4); The experimental assembly includes an electric clamp (16), one end of the electric clamp (16) is fixedly connected to the wire (7), a decomposition bag (15) is clamped on the clamping end of the electric clamp (16), and a counterweight (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the decomposition bag (15); The processing component includes a placement box (23) and a hollow rotating shaft (11), a second motor (20) is fixedly connected in the placement box (23), an output shaft of the second motor (20) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11), an end of the rotating shaft (11) away from the placement box (23) and the placement box (23) are both located in the support groove (12) and placed on the top of the weighing sensor (13), semicircular filter rings (21) are fixedly connected on both sides of the rotating shaft (11), a filter screen (22) is fixedly connected in the filter ring (21), and an end of the filter screen (22) away from the filter ring (21) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11); Motor slots (25) are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft (11) near the support slot (12), an electric motor (24) is fixedly connected to the motor slot (25), a partition (26) is provided at one end of the motor slot (25) away from the support slot (12), the partition (26) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating shaft (11), and a heating wire (27) is provided on one side of the partition (26) away from the motor slot (25).

2. The multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component comprises an ultrasonic detector (2), a speaker (3) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic detector (2), and both the ultrasonic detector (2) and the speaker (3) are connected to the monitoring system signal.

3. The multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A solar panel (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the monitoring tank (4), a battery is installed in the solar panel (1), and both the solar panel (1) and the battery are electrically connected to the weighing sensor (13), the fan (28) and the heating wire (27).

4. The multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the monitoring tank (4) is fixedly connected to a support base (17), and the bottom of the support base (17) is fixedly connected to a plurality of ground piles (18).

5. The multi-parameter online monitoring litter decomposition experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring system includes a control module, a data receiving module and an alarm module: The control module is used to control the driving component, the driving component, the processing component, the fan (28) and the solenoid valve (10) in the monitoring tank (4); The data receiving module is used to receive the weighing data of the processed fallen leaves from the weighing sensor (13); The alarm module is used to obtain abnormal operation of the wire (7) and the electric gripper (16) and send an alarm to the researcher.

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