Powder covering device for laser cladding and method of operating the same

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a powder covering device for laser cladding and an operating method thereof, a rear side of a cladding machine tool is provided with a mechanical arm, one end of the mechanical arm is provided with a cladding head, a lower end of the cladding head is provided with a powder outlet nozzle, a lower side of the powder outlet nozzle is rotatably provided with a sealing cover, an upper side of one side of the cladding machine tool is provided with an anti-static fan, one side of the powder outlet nozzle is provided with a cladding base material cleaning mechanism, and the cladding base material cleaning mechanism comprises a driving ring motor, a fixed seat, a cladding base material cleaning mechanism electric telescopic cylinder, a cleaning ring, a driven gear and a driving gear. The present disclosure can solve the problem that when the powder is transported in the pipeline, frequent friction and collision between the powder and the pipeline wall will cause the transfer and accumulation of electric charges, thereby generating static electricity, and the static electricity adsorption will cause the powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reduce the effective conveying area of the pipeline, and thus reduce the conveying efficiency of the powder, and cause the coating thickness to be uneven.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein belong to the field of powder coating technology, specifically relating to a powder coating device for laser cladding and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] The powder coating device for laser cladding is a crucial component of laser cladding technology. It is responsible for uniformly coating the substrate surface with powder material to facilitate the cladding process using a laser beam. A typical laser cladding powder coating device comprises a powder feeding system, a control system, and auxiliary equipment. The powder feeding system delivers the powder material to the laser beam's effective area at a predetermined speed and quantity, while the control system adjusts parameters such as the powder feeding speed and flow rate to ensure the stability and quality of the cladding process. Laser cladding powder coating devices are widely used in automotive manufacturing, petrochemicals, aerospace, and machinery manufacturing and repair. They can perform surface modification treatments on various metallic and non-metallic substrates, improving their wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN106583920A discloses a laser cladding device for converting an incident light beam to clad a material onto a substrate. The laser cladding device includes a support frame and a conical reflective diffuser and a reflective focusing assembly disposed on the support frame. The conical reflective diffuser expands the incident light beam and reflects it along its circumference to form a reflected light beam. The reflective focusing assembly includes a reflective focusing surface and a reflective surface. The reflective focusing surface receives a portion of the reflected light beam and reflects it again to form a focused light beam, which forms a focused spot on the substrate to melt the material to be clad located within the focused light spot, thereby forming a molten pool on the substrate. The reflective surface receives a portion of the reflected light beam and reflects it again to form a preheating light beam, which preheats the material to be clad located above the substrate and / or preheats and slowly cools the substrate.

[0004] The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks: When the powder is transported in the pipeline, frequent friction and collisions occur between it and the pipeline wall. These physical processes lead to the transfer and accumulation of charges, resulting in static electricity. Furthermore, because the powder and protective gas have low humidity, the charges are not easily neutralized, making static electricity more likely to be generated and accumulate. Static adsorption causes the powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reducing the effective transport area and thus lowering the powder transport efficiency. This results in uneven coating thickness and inconsistent powder adsorption on the inner wall of the pipeline, leading to differences in the amount of powder in different areas during laser cladding, which in turn affects the uniformity of the coating. Powder adsorption in the pipeline may also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the coating surface, which reduce the coating's density and corrosion resistance. To compensate for the deficiencies in coating uniformity and quality, we propose a powder covering device for laser cladding and its operating method to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this disclosure aim to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a powder coating device for laser cladding and its operating method. For example, when powder is transported in a pipeline, frequent friction and collisions occur between the powder and the pipeline wall. These physical processes lead to charge transfer and accumulation, resulting in static electricity. Simultaneously, because the charge is not easily neutralized when the humidity of the powder and protective gas is low, static electricity is more easily generated and accumulated. Static adsorption causes powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reducing the effective transport area of ​​the pipeline, thereby reducing the powder transport efficiency, resulting in uneven coating thickness. The varying degrees of powder adsorption on the inner wall of the pipeline cause differences in the amount of powder in different areas during laser cladding, thus affecting the uniformity of the coating. Powder adsorption in the pipeline may also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the coating surface. These defects reduce the density and corrosion resistance of the coating. To compensate for the insufficient uniformity and quality of the coating...

[0006] On one hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide a powder coating device for laser cladding.

[0007] The cladding machine includes a robotic arm at its rear, a cladding head at one end of the robotic arm, a powder outlet at the lower end of the cladding head, a sealing cover rotatably mounted below the powder outlet, an anti-static fan mounted above one side of the cladding machine, and a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism on one side of the powder outlet.

[0008] Optionally, a protective gas tank is provided on one side of the cladding machine tool, and a laser is provided on the side of the protective gas tank away from the cladding machine tool. A powder feeder is provided on the other side of the cladding machine tool. Clamping plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine tool. The cladding substrate is clamped between the two clamping plates, and the cladding head is located above the cladding substrate. The powder feeder and the powder outlet are sealed and connected through a powder feeder connecting pipe, and a three-way valve is provided at one end of the powder feeder connecting pipe near the powder feeder. A filter box is sealed and connected above the three-way valve.

[0009] Optionally, the outlet of the protective gas tank is sealed to a first air inlet manifold, an air inlet pump is provided on one side of the antistatic fan, and the air inlet of the air inlet pump is sealed to the first air inlet manifold. A three-way valve is provided above the antistatic fan, and the lower end of the antistatic fan and the three-way valve are sealed to each other through a second solenoid valve.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet end of the air pump is sealed to one end of the three-way valve through an air supply pipe, a first solenoid valve is sealed at the connection between the air supply pipe and the three-way valve, a second air intake manifold is sealed to the other end of the three-way valve, protective gas intake pipes are sealed to both sides of the upper end of the powder outlet, and the protective gas intake pipe and the second air intake manifold are sealed to each other through a diverter valve.

[0011] Optionally, a laser groove is provided at the middle position of the powder outlet, a powder conveying pipe is provided inside the lower end of the powder outlet, and a powder inlet pipe is sealed around the lower end of the powder outlet in an annular manner. The powder inlet pipe is sealed to the powder conveying pipe, and the powder conveying pipe extends to the lower end face of the powder outlet.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, and an electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle. The upper end of the electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cap via a rotating shaft.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the sealing cover is provided with an iron block fixing block, and an iron block is installed inside the iron block fixing block. The other side of the lower end of the powder outlet is provided with an electromagnetic block fixing seat, and an electromagnetic block is installed inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat. The electromagnetic block is magnetically connected to the iron block. A sealing strip is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover and the powder outlet. An air duct is opened at the center of the upper end of the sealing cover, and the air duct communicates with the laser slot and the powder conveying pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism includes a drive ring motor, a fixed base, an electric telescopic cylinder for the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, a cleaning ring, a driven gear, and a driving gear. The drive ring is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, and the powder outlet nozzle is rotatably connected to the drive ring. The upper end of the drive ring is provided with a driven gear.

[0015] Optionally, a drive ring motor is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet. A drive gear is connected to the lower part of the drive ring motor, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear. A fixed base is fixedly installed on one side of the drive ring. An electric telescopic cylinder for cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is symmetrically installed below the fixed base. A cleaning ring is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinder for cladding substrate cleaning mechanism. The cleaning ring has a fan-shaped annular cross-section and is in contact with the cladding substrate.

[0016] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide an operating method for a powder coating device for laser cladding, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: During laser cladding, the two ends of the substrate are first fixedly clamped by the clamping plate. The cladding machine is started to drive the clamping plate to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the substrate to rotate. Then, the robotic arm is adjusted so that the cleaning ring of the substrate cleaning mechanism is placed above the substrate.

[0018] Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, drive the cleaning ring to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, drive the drive ring motor, drive the drive ring motor to rotate, and drive the drive ring equipped with the driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet until the cleaning ring is parallel to the cladding substrate. Then extend the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism to make the cleaning plate on the inner side of the cleaning ring fit into the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate.

[0019] Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder and air pump and open the valve of the protective gas tank. The powder feeder delivers the powder to the powder inlet pipe, which guides it into the powder conveying pipe. The powder is then sprayed onto the surface of the cladding substrate. The protective gas is injected into the protective gas inlet pipe through the suction of the air pump via the gas conveying pipe and the second main air inlet pipe. The protective gas is guided into the laser tank through the protective gas inlet pipe. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser is transmitted to the inside of the laser tank and irradiates the surface of the cladding substrate, causing the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate to melt rapidly and form a molten pool. The molten pool cools and solidifies rapidly after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform, and controllable thickness cladding layer.

[0020] Step 4: During cleaning, extend the electric telescopic cylinder of the sealing cover to drive the sealing cover to rotate along the shaft between it and the powder outlet, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet and fits against the powder outlet. At this time, turn on the power of the electromagnetic block, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover.

[0021] Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve and open the second solenoid valve, connecting the three-way valve to the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan. At this point, turn on the anti-static fan. A stable, high-intensity electric field will form inside the fan, ionizing the surrounding air molecules and creating ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules become charged, forming a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow carrying both positive and negative charges. When this airflow comes into contact with a surface carrying a static charge, a charge neutralization reaction occurs. Specifically, if the surface of an object carries a negative charge, it will attract positive charges in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object carries a positive charge, it will attract negative charges in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of charges, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated. The airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe through the second air inlet manifold, and then is guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air duct. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe. The powder moves towards the powder feeder with the airflow. The valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is closed and the filter box direction valve is opened. The three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is adjusted to allow the gas to flow towards the upward filter box. The gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the laser cladding powder covering device and its operating method of the embodiments of this disclosure are:

[0023] 1. In the embodiments of this disclosure, during cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder of the extended sealing cover drives the sealing cover to rotate along the shaft between it and the powder outlet nozzle, thereby moving the sealing cover below the powder outlet nozzle and making it fit against the nozzle. At this time, the power supply of the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover. The first electromagnetic valve is closed and the second electromagnetic valve is opened, allowing the three-way valve to connect the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan. At this time, the anti-static fan is turned on, and a stable high-intensity electric field is formed inside the anti-static fan, which can ionize the surrounding air molecules, causing them to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged, forming a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges comes into contact with the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction occurs. Specifically, if the surface of an object carries a negative charge, it will attract positive charges in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object carries a positive charge, it will attract negative charges in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of charges, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated. The airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe through the second air inlet manifold, and then is guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air duct. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe. The powder moves towards the powder feeder with the airflow. The valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is closed and the filter box direction valve is opened. The three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is adjusted to allow the gas to flow towards the upward filter box. The gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged. This addresses the issue of frequent friction and collisions between powder and pipe walls during pipeline transport. These physical processes lead to charge transfer and accumulation, generating static electricity. Furthermore, the low humidity of the powder and protective gas makes charge less susceptible to neutralization, further increasing static electricity generation and accumulation. Static adsorption causes powder to accumulate on the pipe's inner wall, reducing the effective transport area and thus lowering transport efficiency. This results in uneven coating thickness and inconsistent powder adsorption on the pipe's inner wall, leading to variations in powder quantity in different areas during laser cladding and affecting coating uniformity. Powder adsorption within the pipe can also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the coating surface, reducing its density and corrosion resistance. To address these issues of uneven coating uniformity and quality, this solution is developed.

[0024] 2. The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism of the present disclosure can clean the cladding substrate. The two ends of the cladding substrate are fixedly clamped by the clamping plate. The cladding machine is started to drive the clamping plate to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate to rotate. Then, the robotic arm is adjusted so that the cleaning ring of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is placed above the cladding substrate. According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, the cleaning ring is driven to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, driving the drive ring motor. The drive ring motor drives the drive gear to rotate. The drive gear drives the drive ring with the driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet until the cleaning ring is parallel to the cladding substrate. Then, the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is extended so that the cleaning plate on the inner side of the cleaning ring is in contact with the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder covering device for laser cladding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working state of the powder outlet nozzle according to another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder nozzle in another working state according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of area A in the image;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of area B in the image;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of area C in the image;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A magnified view of area D in the image.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Cladding machine; 2. Laser; 3. Protective gas tank; 4. Powder feeder; 5. Clamping plate; 6. Cladding substrate; 7. Robotic arm; 8. Cladding head; 9. Cladding substrate cleaning mechanism; 10. Powder outlet nozzle; 11. Laser tank; 12. Protective gas inlet pipe; 13. Powder inlet pipe; 14. Powder conveying pipe; 15. Sealing cap; 16. Electric telescopic cylinder for sealing cap; 17. Electromagnetic block fixing seat; 18. First air inlet main pipe; 19. Air inlet pump; 20. 21. First solenoid valve; 22. Second air intake manifold; 23. Three-way valve; 24. Second solenoid valve; 25. Antistatic fan; 26. Drive ring; 27. Drive ring motor; 28. Fixed base; 29. ​​Electric telescopic cylinder for cladding substrate cleaning mechanism; 30. Cleaning ring; 31. Driven gear; 32. Air duct; 33. Sealing strip; 34. Iron block fixing block; 35. Iron block; 36. Air supply pipe; 37. Drive gear; 38. Filter box. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a powder covering device for laser cladding includes a cladding machine tool 1, a robotic arm 7 is provided on the rear side of the cladding machine tool 1, a cladding head 8 is installed at one end of the robotic arm 7, a powder outlet nozzle 10 is provided at the lower end of the cladding head 8, a sealing cover 15 is rotatably installed below the powder outlet nozzle 10, an anti-static fan 24 is installed above one side of the cladding machine tool 1, and a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 is provided on one side of the powder outlet nozzle 10.

[0035] During cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder of the extended sealing cap rotates the sealing cap along the shaft between it and the powder outlet nozzle, moving the sealing cap below the nozzle and into contact with it. At this point, the power to the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted, locking the sealing cap in place. The first solenoid valve is closed, and the second solenoid valve is opened, allowing the three-way valve to connect the second air intake manifold to the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan. The anti-static fan is then turned on, creating a stable, high-intensity electric field inside that ionizes surrounding air molecules, forming ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged, forming a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow carrying both positive and negative charges. When this airflow comes into contact with a surface carrying a static charge, a charge neutralization reaction occurs. Specifically, if the surface of the object has a negative charge, it will attract the positive charges in the airflow. Conversely, if the surface of an object carries a positive charge, it will attract negative charges in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of charges, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated. The airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe through the second air inlet manifold, and then is guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air duct. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe. The powder moves towards the powder feeder with the airflow. The valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is closed and the filter box direction valve is opened. The three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is adjusted to allow the gas to flow towards the upward filter box. The gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 A protective gas tank 3 is provided on one side of the cladding machine tool 1. A laser 2 is provided on the side of the protective gas tank 3 away from the cladding machine tool 1. A powder feeder 4 is provided on the other side of the cladding machine tool 1. Clamping plates 5 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine tool 1. A cladding substrate 6 is clamped between the two clamping plates 5, and the cladding head 8 is located above the cladding substrate 6. The powder feeder 4 and the powder outlet 10 are sealed and connected by a powder feeder connecting pipe. A three-way valve 22 is provided at the end of the powder feeder connecting pipe near the powder feeder 4. A filter box 38 is sealed and connected above the three-way valve 22. The outlet end of the protective gas tank 3 is sealed and connected to the first air inlet manifold 18. An air inlet pump 19 is provided on one side of the anti-static fan 24, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pump 19 is sealed and connected to the first air inlet manifold 18. A three-way valve 22 is provided above the anti-static fan 24. The lower end of the anti-static fan 24 and the three-way valve 22 are sealed and connected by a second solenoid valve 23.

[0037] Please see Figure 4The outlet end of the air pump 19 is sealed to one end of the three-way valve 22 through the air supply pipe 36. A first solenoid valve 20 is sealed at the connection between the air supply pipe 36 and the three-way valve 22. The other end of the three-way valve 22 is sealed to the second air intake manifold 21. The two sides of the upper end of the powder outlet 10 are sealed to the protective gas intake pipe 12. The protective gas intake pipe 12 and the second air intake manifold 21 are sealed to each other through a diverter valve.

[0038] Please see Figure 2-3 A laser groove 11 is provided in the middle of the powder outlet nozzle 10. A powder conveying pipe 14 is provided inside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10. A powder inlet pipe 13 is installed in a ring around the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10. The powder inlet pipe 13 is sealed to the powder conveying pipe 14. The powder conveying pipe 14 extends to the lower end face of the powder outlet nozzle 10.

[0039] Please see Figure 6-7 One end of the sealing cover 15 is rotatably connected to the powder outlet 10 via a rotating shaft. An electric telescopic cylinder 16 for the sealing cover is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet 10. The upper end of the electric telescopic cylinder 16 for the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the powder outlet 10 via a rotating shaft. The lower end of the electric telescopic cylinder 16 for the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cover 15 via a rotating shaft. An iron block fixing block 33 is provided at one end of the sealing cover 15. An iron block 34 is installed inside the iron block fixing block 33. An electromagnetic block fixing seat 17 is provided on the other side of the lower end of the powder outlet 10. An electromagnetic block 35 is installed inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat 17. The electromagnetic block 35 is magnetically connected to the iron block 34. A sealing strip 32 is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover 15 and the powder outlet 10. An air duct 31 is opened at the center of the upper end of the sealing cover 15. The air duct 31 is connected to the laser duct 11 and the powder conveying pipe 14.

[0040] Please see Figure 5 The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 includes a drive ring motor 26, a fixed base 27, an electric telescopic cylinder 28 for the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, a cleaning ring 29, a driven gear 30, and a driving gear 37. The drive ring 25 is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet 10, and the powder outlet 10 is rotatably connected to the drive ring 25. The driven gear 30 is provided at the upper end of the drive ring 25. The drive ring motor 26 is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet 10. The driving gear 37 is connected to the lower part of the drive ring motor 26, and the driving gear 37 is meshed with the driven gear 30. The fixed base 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the drive ring 25. The electric telescopic cylinder 28 for the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is symmetrically installed below the fixed base 27. The cleaning ring 29 is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinder 28 for the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism. The cross-section of the cleaning ring 29 is a fan-shaped ring structure, and the cleaning ring 29 is in contact with the cladding substrate 6.

[0041] On the other hand, embodiments of this disclosure provide an operating method for a powder coating device for laser cladding, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: During laser cladding, the two ends of the cladding substrate 6 are first fixed and clamped by the clamping plate 5. The cladding machine tool 1 is started to drive the clamping plate 5 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate 6 to rotate. Then, the robotic arm 7 is adjusted so that the cleaning ring 29 of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 is placed above the cladding substrate 6.

[0043] Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, drive the cleaning ring 29 to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, drive the drive ring motor 26, drive the drive gear 37 to rotate, and drive the drive ring 25 with the driven gear 30 through meshing connection to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet 10 until the cleaning ring 29 is parallel to the cladding substrate 6. Then extend the electric telescopic cylinder 28 of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism to make the cleaning plate on the inner side of the cleaning ring 29 fit with the cladding substrate 6, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate 6.

[0044] Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder 4 and the air pump 19 and open the valve of the protective gas tank 3. The powder feeder 4 delivers the powder to the powder inlet pipe 13. The powder is then guided into the powder conveying pipe 14 through the powder inlet pipe 13 and sprayed onto the surface of the cladding substrate 6. The protective gas is injected into the protective gas inlet pipe 12 through the air conveying pipe 36 and the second air inlet main pipe 21 by the suction of the air pump 19. The protective gas is guided into the laser tank 11 through the protective gas inlet pipe 12. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser 2 is transmitted to the inside of the laser tank 11 and irradiates the surface of the cladding substrate 6, causing the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate 6 to melt rapidly and form a molten pool. The molten pool cools and solidifies rapidly after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform, and controllable thickness cladding layer.

[0045] Step 4: During cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder 16 of the extended sealing cover drives the sealing cover 15 to rotate along the shaft between it and the powder outlet 10, thereby moving the sealing cover 15 to below the powder outlet 10 and making it fit against the powder outlet 10. At this time, the power supply of the electromagnetic block 35 is turned on, and the electromagnetic block 35 and the iron block 34 are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover 15.

[0046] Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve 20 and open the second solenoid valve 23, allowing the three-way valve 22 to connect the second air intake manifold 21 to the air intake pipe of the antistatic fan 24. At this time, turn on the antistatic fan 24. A stable, high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the antistatic fan, ionizing the surrounding air molecules and causing them to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged, forming a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow carrying positive and negative charges. When this airflow comes into contact with a surface carrying a static charge, a charge neutralization reaction occurs. Specifically, if the surface of the object has a negative charge, it will attract the positive charges in the airflow. Conversely, if the surface of an object carries a positive charge, it will attract negative charges in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of charges, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated. The airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe 12 through the second air inlet manifold 21, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe 14 by the curvature of the air duct 31. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe 14, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe 14. The powder is carried by the airflow towards the powder feeder 4. The valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is closed and the valve in the direction of the filter box 38 is opened. The three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is adjusted to allow the gas to flow towards the upward filter box 38. The gas is filtered by the filter box 38 and then discharged.

[0047] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A powder coating device for laser cladding, comprising a cladding machine tool, characterized in that: A robotic arm is provided on the rear side of the cladding machine tool. A cladding head is installed at one end of the robotic arm. A powder outlet is provided at the lower end of the cladding head. A sealing cover is rotatably installed below the powder outlet. An anti-static fan is installed above one side of the cladding machine tool. A cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the powder outlet. One end of the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft. An electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle. The upper end of the electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft. The lower end of the electric telescopic cylinder for the sealing cap is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cap via a rotating shaft.

2. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective gas tank is provided on one side of the cladding machine tool, and a laser is provided on the side of the protective gas tank away from the cladding machine tool. A powder feeder is provided on the other side of the cladding machine tool. Clamping plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine tool. The cladding substrate is clamped between the two clamping plates, and the cladding head is located above the cladding substrate. The powder feeder and the powder outlet are sealed and connected by a powder feeder connecting pipe, and a three-way valve is provided at the end of the powder feeder connecting pipe near the powder feeder. A filter box is sealed and connected above the three-way valve.

3. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outlet of the protective gas tank is sealed to a first air inlet manifold. An air inlet pump is provided on one side of the antistatic fan, and the air inlet of the air inlet pump is sealed to the first air inlet manifold. A three-way valve is provided above the antistatic fan, and the lower end of the antistatic fan and the three-way valve are sealed to each other through a second solenoid valve.

4. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the air pump is sealed to one end of the three-way valve through an air supply pipe. A first solenoid valve is sealed at the connection between the air supply pipe and the three-way valve. The other end of the three-way valve is sealed to a second air intake manifold. Protective gas intake pipes are sealed to both sides of the upper end of the powder outlet. The protective gas intake pipe and the second air intake manifold are sealed to each other through a diverter valve.

5. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 4, characterized in that: A laser groove is provided in the middle of the powder outlet nozzle, and a powder conveying pipe is provided inside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle. A powder inlet pipe is installed in a ring around the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, and the powder inlet pipe is sealed to the powder conveying pipe. The powder conveying pipe extends to the lower end face of the powder outlet nozzle.

6. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the sealing cover is provided with an iron block fixing block, and an iron block is installed inside the iron block fixing block. The other side of the lower end of the powder outlet is provided with an electromagnetic block fixing seat, and an electromagnetic block is installed inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat. The electromagnetic block is magnetically connected to the iron block. A sealing strip is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover and the powder outlet. An air duct is opened at the center of the upper end of the sealing cover, and the air duct is connected to the laser duct and the powder conveying pipe.

7. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism includes a drive ring motor, a fixed base, an electric telescopic cylinder for the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, a cleaning ring, a driven gear, and a driving gear. The drive ring is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, and the powder outlet nozzle is rotatably connected to the drive ring. The upper end of the drive ring is provided with a driven gear.

8. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drive ring motor is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet. A drive gear is connected to the lower part of the drive ring motor, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear. A fixed base is fixedly installed on one side of the drive ring. Electric telescopic cylinders for cladding substrate cleaning mechanism are symmetrically installed below the fixed base. A cleaning ring is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinders for cladding substrate cleaning mechanism. The cleaning ring has a fan-shaped annular cross-section and is in contact with the cladding substrate.

9. The operation method of the powder covering device for laser cladding as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: During laser cladding, the two ends of the substrate are first fixedly clamped by the clamping plate. The cladding machine is started to drive the clamping plate to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the substrate to rotate. Then, the robotic arm is adjusted so that the cleaning ring of the substrate cleaning mechanism is placed above the substrate. Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, drive the cleaning ring to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, drive the drive ring motor, drive the drive ring motor to rotate, and drive the drive ring equipped with the driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet until the cleaning ring is parallel to the cladding substrate. Then extend the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism to make the cleaning plate on the inner side of the cleaning ring fit into the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate. Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder and air pump and open the valve of the protective gas tank. The powder feeder delivers the powder to the powder inlet pipe, which guides it into the powder conveying pipe. The powder is then sprayed onto the surface of the cladding substrate. The protective gas is injected into the protective gas inlet pipe through the suction of the air pump via the gas conveying pipe and the second main air inlet pipe. The protective gas is guided into the laser tank through the protective gas inlet pipe. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser is transmitted to the inside of the laser tank and irradiates the surface of the cladding substrate, causing the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate to melt rapidly and form a molten pool. The molten pool cools and solidifies rapidly after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform, and controllable thickness cladding layer. Step 4: During cleaning, extend the electric telescopic cylinder of the sealing cover to drive the sealing cover to rotate along the shaft between it and the powder outlet, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet and fits against the powder outlet. At this time, turn on the power of the electromagnetic block, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover. Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve and open the second solenoid valve, connecting the three-way valve to the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the antistatic fan. At this point, turn on the antistatic fan. A stable, high-intensity electric field will form inside the fan, ionizing the surrounding air molecules and creating ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules become charged, forming a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow carrying positive and negative charges. When this airflow comes into contact with a surface carrying a static charge, a charge neutralization reaction occurs. Specifically, if the surface of the object... If there is a negative charge, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object has a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of charges, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated. The airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe through the second air inlet manifold, and then is guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air duct. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe. The powder moves towards the powder feeder with the airflow. Close the valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe and open the filter box direction valve. Adjust the three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe to allow the gas to flow towards the upward filter box. The gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged.

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