In-situ detection device and method for spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of in-situ detection device and method of solar irradiation energy spatial uniformity, it relates to a kind of in-situ detection device and method, belongs to space simulation test technical field.The present application is to solve the problem that existing method can only be carried out in atmospheric environment, cannot realize in-situ detection under vacuum low-temperature environment.The in-situ detection device includes vacuum container, solar simulator, in-situ mechanism, detection probe, motion control system, data collector and terminal software;Solar simulator is installed at the top of vacuum container, in-situ mechanism is arranged at the bottom in vacuum container, detection probe is installed on the detection probe installation plane of in-situ mechanism, motion control system is connected with in-situ mechanism, the computer of terminal software is connected with motion control system, the signal receiving end of data collector is connected with the signal transmitting end of detection probe.The application is used to realize in-situ detection of solar irradiation energy in vacuum low-temperature test cabin.

Description

An in-situ detection device and method for spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an in-situ detection device and method, belonging to the field of space simulation test technology. Background Technology

[0002] Solar simulators are an important component of ground-based simulation experiments of the space environment. They can accurately simulate the collimation, uniformity, and spectral characteristics of solar irradiation, and have high accuracy in simulating extraterrestrial heat flow. They are mainly used for thermal balance tests and material aging tests of spacecraft. The uniformity of solar irradiation energy is one of the important indicators for evaluating the irradiation characteristics of a solar simulator.

[0003] Currently, solar cell arrays are commonly used to detect the uniformity of solar irradiance energy. Different solar cell arrays need to be designed for different irradiation areas, making this method complex and lacking in versatility. Alternatively, a single solar cell mounted on a mechanism can be scanned within the irradiated surface to detect uniformity; however, this method can only be performed in atmospheric environments and cannot achieve in-situ detection in vacuum or cryogenic environments. All of the above methods detect the planar uniformity of solar irradiance energy. In specific situations, however, it is necessary to determine the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy.

[0004] In summary, this invention provides a method for in-situ detection of the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy in a vacuum low-temperature environment, which can overcome the shortcomings of current methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing methods can only be performed in atmospheric environments and cannot achieve in-situ detection in vacuum and low-temperature environments, this invention proposes an in-situ detection device and method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: the in-situ detection device of the present invention includes a vacuum container, a solar simulator, an in-situ mechanism, a detection probe, a motion control system, a data acquisition device, and terminal software;

[0007] The solar simulator is installed on top of the vacuum container, the in-situ mechanism is located at the bottom inside the vacuum container, the detection probe is installed on the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism, the motion control system is connected to the in-situ mechanism, the terminal software configured in the computer is used to control the motion control system, and the signal receiving end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the signal transmitting end of the detection probe.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes aluminum foil and multiple grounding wires;

[0009] Aluminum foil is wrapped around the cable inside the vacuum chamber of the vacuum container, with a thickness of 1 mm or more. Multiple grounding wires are used to ground the aluminum foil on the surface of the cable inside the vacuum chamber in sections.

[0010] The detection probe is a silicon photovoltaic cell module, which measures solar irradiance energy and converts it into millivolt voltage output.

[0011] Furthermore, the motion control system includes a servo motor, a rotary transformer, a servo driver, and a motion controller;

[0012] The servo motor is connected to the motion axis of the home position mechanism, the rotary transformer detects the motion position of the home position mechanism, the servo driver is connected to the servo motor, the servo driver is connected to the motion controller via EtherCAT bus, the motion controller is connected to the computer of the terminal software via Ethernet, and the terminal software realizes remote monitoring of the home position mechanism through the motion controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the terminal software connects to the motion control system via Modbus TCP and interacts with it for data exchange. The terminal software also enables remote monitoring of the in-situ mechanism through the telemetry control system.

[0014] Furthermore, the terminal software connects to the data acquisition unit via Modbus RTU and interacts with it to exchange data.

[0015] The specific steps of the in-situ detection method of the present invention include:

[0016] Step 1: Turn on the vacuum molecular pump to establish a vacuum environment in the vacuum container, and introduce cryogenic liquid nitrogen to establish a cryogenic environment in the vacuum container.

[0017] Step 2: Select two solar constants for the irradiance of the solar simulator, with the solar irradiation area greater than Φ1000mm. After waiting for the solar simulator to stabilize for one minute, start the in-situ measurement of irradiance energy.

[0018] Step 3: Install the detection probe at the center of the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism, and control the in-situ mechanism in the X direction through the terminal software;

[0019] Step 4: During the spatial motion of the in-situ mechanism, the motion control system collects the center position information of the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism in real time, and the data acquisition device collects solar irradiance energy in real time.

[0020] Step 5: The motion control system and data acquisition unit upload the collected information to the terminal software in real time. The terminal software performs spatiotemporal matching of the position information of the in-situ mechanism and the solar irradiance energy to generate spatial uniformity detection results.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 1, when the vacuum level is below 5 × 10⁻⁶...-3 When Pa and heat sink temperature are below 100K, turn on the solar simulator.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, a cross-shaped motion is performed every 20 mm in the Y and Z planes of the in-situ mechanism, and the cross-shaped motion trajectory area does not exceed Φ1000 mm.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention provides an in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy, which incorporates environmental adaptability design and motion accuracy compensation for the detection system, effectively expanding the working scenarios of the solar irradiance energy detection system under atmospheric conditions, and enabling in-situ detection of solar irradiance energy in a vacuum cryogenic test chamber.

[0025] 2. The in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy provided by the present invention can not only realize the planar uniformity detection of solar irradiance energy, but also realize the spatial uniformity detection of solar irradiance energy, with a larger detection space and more complete detection results.

[0026] 3. The in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy provided by the present invention performs electromagnetic shielding on the cable and amplifies the detection signal through computation, thereby reducing interference during signal transmission and making the detection results of solar irradiance energy more stable.

[0027] 4. The present invention provides an in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy, which can be automatically operated by an in-situ mechanism equipped with an energy detection module to measure solar irradiance energy in real time, and generate uniformity detection results through terminal software. The detection process is simpler, more efficient and intelligent. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the in-situ detection system for spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy.

[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional model of the mechanical structure of the in-situ mechanism;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic shielding protection design for cables;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the motion control system structure;

[0032] Figure 5 is an example diagram of the spatial motion trajectory points of the in-situ mechanism;

[0033] Figure 6 shows the spatial uniformity test results of solar irradiance energy.

[0034] In Figures 1 to 6, 1-vacuum container, 2-solar simulator, 3-solar irradiation zone, 4-in-situ mechanism, 5-detection probe, 6-motion control system, 7-data acquisition unit, 8-terminal software, 9-linear degree of freedom along the Y-axis, 10-linear degree of freedom along the Z-axis, 11-linear degree of freedom along the X-axis, 12-rotational degree of freedom around the X-axis, 13-rotational degree of freedom around the Y-axis, 14-detection probe mounting plane, 15-cab inside the vacuum chamber, 16-aluminum foil, 17-grounding wire, 18-servo motor, 19-rotary transformer, 20-servo driver, 21-motion controller. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Specific implementation method 1: As shown in Figure 1, an in-situ detection device for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy includes a vacuum container 1, a solar simulator 2, an in-situ mechanism 4, a detection probe 5, a motion control system 6, a data acquisition device 7, and terminal software 8.

[0036] The solar simulator 2 is installed on top of the vacuum container 1. The solar radiation generated by the solar simulator 2 irradiates the inside of the vacuum container 1, forming a solar irradiation zone 3 above the detection probe 5. The in-situ mechanism 4 is fixed at the bottom inside the vacuum container 1. The detection probe 5 is installed on the detection probe mounting plane 14 of the in-situ mechanism 4. The motion control system 6 is connected to the in-situ mechanism 4. The terminal software 8 installed in the computer is connected to the motion control system 6. The signal receiving end of the data acquisition unit 7 is connected to the signal transmitting end of the detection probe 5.

[0037] Among them, vacuum container 1 can provide a vacuum degree better than 5×10 -3 Detection environment with Pa and temperature below 100K;

[0038] Solar simulator 2 can provide irradiance of 0.5-2 solar constants, and the effective irradiation range does not exceed the motion limit of the in-situ mechanism 4;

[0039] The data acquisition device 7 is a millivoltmeter with RS485 communication capability.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2, the in-situ mechanism 4 has five degrees of freedom of motion: linear motion 9 along the Y-axis, linear motion 10 along the Z-axis, linear motion 11 along the X-axis, rotational motion 12 about the X-axis, and rotational motion 13 about the Y-axis. The linear motion 9 along the Y-axis, linear motion 10 along the Z-axis, and linear motion 11 along the X-axis can carry the detection probe 5 to perform spatial scanning in the solar irradiation area 3. The rotational motion 12 about the X-axis and rotational motion 13 about the Y-axis can adjust the parallelism between the detection probe 5 and the surface of the solar irradiation area 3.

[0041] When the in-situ mechanism 4 operates in the vacuum and low-temperature environment of the vacuum container 1, it needs to be designed for environmental adaptability and motion accuracy compensation to improve its motion reliability and uniformity detection accuracy.

[0042] Among them, a symmetrical structure is adopted to ensure uniform deformation of the in-situ mechanism 4, a "ball screw + double guide rail slider" is used to realize linear movement of the Y and Z axes, a "ball screw + squirrel cage guide support mechanism" is used to realize linear movement in the X axis direction, and the mechanism for rotating around the X axis direction is designed as a symmetrical U-shaped structure.

[0043] Among them, Sinda / G software was used to perform thermal analysis and simulation calculations on the in-situ mechanism 4 to analyze its cooling characteristics in a vacuum low-temperature environment. Based on the simulation calculation results, the heating power was designed, and the heating element and temperature measuring point were designed according to the designed power distribution diagram. The heating element and temperature measuring point were attached to the key moving parts of the in-situ mechanism 4 to realize its automatic thermal control in a vacuum low-temperature environment.

[0044] The motion accuracy compensation includes single-axis accuracy compensation and kinematic accuracy compensation. The single-axis accuracy compensation is achieved by calibrating the single-axis motion accuracy of the in-situ mechanism using a laser tracker and improving the single-axis motion accuracy by designing correction coefficients. The kinematic accuracy compensation is achieved by calibrating the installation accuracy of the in-situ mechanism using a laser tracker and compensating for installation errors during the inverse kinematics calculation process.

[0045] Specific implementation method 2: As shown in Figure 3, in order to provide electromagnetic shielding protection for the cable 15 inside the vacuum chamber of the vacuum container 1, aluminum foil 16 is used to cover the cable 15 with a covering thickness of more than 1mm, and grounding wire 17 is used to segmentally ground the aluminum foil 16 on the surface of the cable.

[0046] Specific implementation method 3: As shown in Figure 1, the detection probe 5 is selected as a silicon photovoltaic cell module. The silicon photovoltaic cell module measures solar irradiance energy and converts it into millivolt voltage for output. In order to reduce the interference of voltage signal during transmission through the cabin, the voltage signal is sent to the data acquisition unit 7 after passing through an operational amplifier.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method 4: As shown in Figure 4, the motion control system 6 includes a servo motor 18, a rotary transformer 19, a servo driver 20, and a motion controller 21. The servo motor 18 drives the motion axis of the in-situ mechanism, the rotary transformer 19 detects the motion position of the in-situ mechanism, the servo driver 20 drives the servo motor 18, the servo driver 20 is connected to the motion controller 21 via an EtherCAT bus, and the motion controller 21 is connected to the computer of the terminal software 8 via Ethernet. The terminal software 8 realizes remote monitoring of the in-situ mechanism through the motion controller 21.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method 5: The terminal software 8 connects to the motion control system 6 via Modbus TCP and interacts with it for data exchange. The terminal software 8 can remotely monitor the in-situ mechanism 4 through the telemetry control system. The terminal software 8 connects to the data acquisition unit 7 via Modbus RTU and interacts with it for data exchange. The terminal software 8 performs spatiotemporal matching of the position information of the in-situ mechanism 4 and the solar irradiance energy to generate a spatial uniformity distribution map of solar irradiance energy.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Six: As shown in Figures 1 to 5, an in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Turn on the vacuum molecular pump to establish a vacuum environment in vacuum container 1, and introduce cryogenic liquid nitrogen to establish a cryogenic environment in vacuum container 1.

[0051] Step 2: Select two solar constants for the irradiance of solar simulator 2. The solar irradiation zone 3 is greater than Φ1000mm. After waiting for solar simulator 2 to stabilize for one minute, start the in-situ measurement of irradiance energy.

[0052] Step 3: Install the detection probe 5 at the center of the detection probe mounting plane 14 of the in-situ mechanism 4, and control the in-situ mechanism 4 in the X direction through the terminal software 8.

[0053] Step 4: During the spatial movement of the in-situ mechanism 4, the motion control system 6 collects the center position information of the detection probe mounting plane 14 of the in-situ mechanism 4 in real time, and the data acquisition device 7 collects the solar irradiance energy in real time.

[0054] Step 5: The motion control system 6 and the data acquisition unit 7 upload the collected information to the terminal software 8 in real time. The terminal software 8 performs spatiotemporal matching of the position information of the in-situ mechanism 4 and the solar irradiance energy to generate spatial uniformity detection results.

[0055] Specific Implementation Method Seven: As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in step 1, when the vacuum degree is lower than 5 × 10⁻⁶... -3 When Pa and heat sink temperature are below 100K, turn on solar simulator 2.

[0056] Specific implementation of waterproofing method 8: As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in step 3, the mechanism 4 in the original position moves in a star-shaped pattern every 20mm in the Y and Z planes, and the star-shaped movement trajectory area does not exceed Φ1000mm.

[0057] Example

[0058] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the volumetric irradiance uniformity within 100 mm along the irradiation direction of the solar simulator was measured. The irradiation range was a circular area with a diameter of Φ1000 mm. Taking the integrated irradiation test chamber of the "Space Environment Ground Simulation Device" as an example, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0059] Step 1: Check the vacuum system, heat sink system, solar simulator equipment, in-situ mechanism and related measuring equipment of the integrated irradiation test chamber. After ensuring that all equipment is working properly, close the integrated irradiation test chamber door and perform leak detection of the chamber.

[0060] Step 2: After the leak detection of the comprehensive irradiation test chamber is completed, the rough pump unit and the cryogenic pump are turned on in sequence according to the operating procedures of the vacuum system, and the vacuum level is monitored by the vacuum silicon in the test chamber.

[0061] Step 3: The heat sink system of the integrated irradiation test chamber starts working, and cryogenic liquid nitrogen is introduced into the heat sink pipes inside the chamber. The temperature inside the chamber is monitored by temperature sensors on the test chamber wall.

[0062] Step 4: When the air pressure inside the test chamber is lower than 5×10 -3 Pa, when the temperature is below 100K, the formal test can begin;

[0063] Step 5: Control the in-situ mechanism to rotate around the X and Y axes. Optionally, set the rotation speed to 5 / s and the target angle to 0, so that the test surface of the detection probe is parallel to the irradiation surface.

[0064] Step 6: Set the solar irradiance energy to 2 solar constants, start the solar simulator, and wait for 1 minute;

[0065] Step 7: Control the in-situ mechanism to move upward along the X-axis at a speed of 10 mm / s by 20 mm, 40 mm, 60 mm, 80 mm and 100 mm respectively. At different heights, control the linear motion of the X and Y axes of the in-situ mechanism to link them together. The linkage trajectory is shown in Figure 5. During the linkage process, the detection probe measures the solar irradiance energy with a period of 50 ms.

[0066] Step 8: The terminal software obtains the XYZ coordinate values ​​of the detection probe and the corresponding solar irradiance. Based on the obtained data, a contour map is drawn to obtain the body-oriented solar irradiance distribution result as shown in Figure 6.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, based on the technical essence of the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ detection device for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy, characterized in that, The system includes a vacuum container, a solar simulator, an in-situ mechanism, a detection probe, a motion control system, a data acquisition unit, and terminal software. The solar simulator is mounted on top of the vacuum container, the in-situ mechanism is located at the bottom inside the vacuum container, the detection probe is mounted on the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism, the motion control system is connected to the in-situ mechanism, and the terminal software configured in the computer is used to control the motion control system. The signal receiving end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the signal transmitting end of the detection probe. The detection probe is mounted on an in-situ mechanism with five degrees of freedom (X / Y / Z linear and X / Y rotational). Above; the in-situ mechanism has five degrees of freedom: linear motion along the Y-axis, linear motion along the Z-axis, linear motion along the X-axis, rotational motion about the X-axis, and rotational motion about the Y-axis. The linear motion degrees of freedom along the Y-axis, Z-axis, and X-axis enable the detection probe to perform spatial scanning within the solar irradiation area. The rotational motion degrees of freedom about the X-axis and Y-axis adjust the parallelism between the detection probe and the surface of the solar irradiation area. It also includes aluminum foil and multiple grounding wires; aluminum A foil is wrapped around the cable inside the vacuum chamber of the vacuum container, with a thickness of 1 mm or more. Multiple grounding wires ground the aluminum foil on the surface of the cable inside the vacuum chamber in segments. The detection probe is a silicon photovoltaic cell module, which measures solar irradiance energy and converts it into a millivolt voltage output. The motion control system includes a servo motor, a rotary transformer, a servo driver, and a motion controller. The servo motor is connected to the motion axis of the in-situ mechanism. The rotary transformer detects the motion position of the in-situ mechanism. The servo driver is connected to the servo motor and connected to the motion controller via an EtherCAT bus. The motion controller is connected to the computer of the terminal software via Ethernet. The terminal software remotely monitors the in-situ mechanism through the motion controller. The terminal software connects to the motion control system via Modbus TCP and interacts with it. The terminal software remotely monitors the in-situ mechanism through the remote motion control system. The terminal software connects to the data acquisition unit via Modbus RTU and interacts with it. The terminal software performs spatiotemporal matching of the position information of the in-situ mechanism and solar irradiance energy to generate a spatial uniformity distribution map of solar irradiance energy. An in-situ detection method for the spatial uniformity of solar irradiance energy based on the aforementioned in-situ detection device includes the following steps: Step 1: Activate the vacuum molecular pump to establish a vacuum environment in the vacuum container, and introduce cryogenic liquid nitrogen to establish a cryogenic environment in the vacuum container; Step 2: Select two solar constants for the irradiance of the solar simulator, with the solar irradiation area greater than Φ1000mm. After waiting for the solar simulator to stabilize for one minute, begin in-situ measurement of irradiance energy; Step 3: Install the detection probe at the center of the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism, and control the in-situ mechanism in the X direction through terminal software; Step 4: During the spatial movement process of the in-situ mechanism... In step 5, the motion control system and the data acquisition device collect the center position information of the detection probe mounting plane of the in-situ mechanism in real time, and collect the solar irradiance energy in real time. The motion control system and the data acquisition device upload the collected information to the terminal software in real time. The terminal software performs spatiotemporal matching of the position information of the in-situ mechanism and the solar irradiance energy to generate spatial uniformity detection results. In step 1, when the vacuum degree is lower than 5×10-3Pa and the heat sink temperature is lower than 100K, the solar simulator is turned on. In step 3, the in-situ mechanism performs a cross-shaped movement in the Y and Z planes every 20mm, and the cross-shaped movement trajectory area does not exceed Φ1000mm.

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